Application of the preventive treatment theory of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of chronic venous insufficiency of lower extremity

Chronic venous insufficiency is characterized by high incidence,difficult treatment and high recurrence rate.Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment Theory is one of the important core contents in the theory of TCM.By using the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment,using the theory of“prevention before illness,prevention the disease continues to change and prevention repeated when the disease has been cured”,can reduce the incidence rate effectively,improve the effect of clinical treatment,it is also to enrich and develop the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preventive Treatment.

New Solution and Application of the Theory of "Acting According to Time"

From the perspective of theoretical analysis,based on the annotation of ancient doctors on the theory of"acting according to time,"this article puts forward the view of "time";that is,the impact of the social environment on the occurrence and development of diseases.In addition,it points out that the characteristics of modem diseases are of"multiple heat syndromes and multiple repletion pattern."Based on this characteristic,the use of heat-clearing drugs in the clinical stage would have a good eflect.It has been suggested that contemporary doctors should not only inherit the theories from predecessors,but also think diligently and innovate bravely along with the current environment in order to ensure that the theories ofTCM are constantly full of vitality to better serve the clinical aspect.

Individualized medicine,health medicine,and constitutional theory in Chinese medicine

The patterns of modern science and changes in the medical model can result in the transformation of the current state of individualized and health medicines into being the primary trend in medical development.Chinese and Western medical systems are dissimilar in terms of value orientations,thinking style,and research directions because of their different historical and cultural backgrounds.Individualized treatment in modern medicine is mainly established based on individual genome information and the differences in mononucleotide polymorphisms.However,such treatment method is expensive,creates an uncertain genetic marker,and leads to different result interpretations,among other problems.The Chinese constitutional theory developed in the 1970s expresses the principle behind Chinese health medicine and individual treatment and provides the corresponding methods.The Chinese constitutional theory divides the constitution of the Chinese population into nine categories based on established classification criteria.It promotes the study of the relationship of each constitution to diseases and Chinese medicine preparation toward adjusting the constitution and preventing diseases.The theory also provides methods and tools for individualized treatment.Constitution identification shows the direction and provides the core technology for the evaluation of the health status.By combining the developments in modern biotechnology,new diagnostic techniques and treatment models of constitution-differentiation,disease-differentiation,and syndrome-differentiation can be established for the development of individualized Chinese medicine treatment and health medicine for the international medical community.

Discussion on the Theoretical Basis of Banxia Xiexin Decoction in the Treatment of Insulin Resistance Obesity

Through reading Chinese ancient book Huangdi Nejing,and summarizing and analyzing related literature,the basic pathogenesis of obesity have been found to be the stomach preponderance and spleen weakness,and the imbalance of ascending and descending.Banxia Xiexin Decoction not only has the functions of relieving heat to inhibit stomach intake,supplementing deficiency to assist spleen transport,regulate the ascending and descending,but also has the effects of improving insulin resistance and regulating glucolipid metabolism.Therefore,it is suggested that Banxia Xiexin Decoction can be used in the treatment of insulin resistant obesity,which provides ideas and methods for its treatment.

Application of Metabolomics Technology in the Research of Chinese Medicine

In recent years, a novel analytical technology, metabolomics is widely used in the modernresearch of Chinese medicine （CM）. Metabolomics adopts a ＂top-down＂ strategy to reflect the function oforganisms from terminal symptoms of metabolic network and understand metabolic changes of a completesystem caused by interventions. As a holistic approach, metabolomics technology, including nuclear magneticresonance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, favorableto express the meaning of basic theories of CM, CM syndrome and Chinese herb. Therefore, we believe thatmetabolomics technology will greatly benefit to development for the research of CM in the light of modernsciences.

Tonic Herbs and Herbal Mixtures in Chinese Medicine

This review results from a Pub Med-based data-mining of scientific literature concerning typical tonic herbs and formulas of Chinese herbal medicine and their application principle under the theory of CM. We have focused on two aspects of tonic activity: body tonification against qi气-, blood血-, yin阴-and yang阳-deficiency, respectively, and organ(Zang 脏and Fu腑) tonification against heart-, liver-, spleen/stomach-,lung-, and kidney-deficiency, respectively.Body-tonifying herbs are: Astragalus Membranaceus Radix(Huang-qi黄芪) and Panax Ginseng Radix(Ren-shen人参) for qi-tonification;Angelicae Sinensis Radix(Dang-gui当归) and Rehmannia Glutinosa Radix Preparata(Shu-di熟地) for blood-tonification; Ophiopogon Japonicus Radix(Mai-dong麦冬) and Scrophularia Ningpoensis Radix(Xuan-shen玄参) for yin-deficiency; Myristica Fragrans Semen(Roudou-kou肉豆蔻) and Psoralea Corylifolia Fructus(Bu-gu-zhi补骨脂) for yang-deficiency. The corresponding CM formulas are: Bu-zhong-yi-qi decoction(补中益气汤) for qi-tonification; Si-wu decoction(四物汤) for blood-tonification; Zeng-ye decoction(增液汤) for yin-tonification;Si-shen pill(四神丸) for yang-tonification.Organ-tonifying herbs are: Glycyrrhizae Uralensis Radix Preparata(Zhi-gan-cao炙甘草) and Rehmannia Glutinosa Radix(Di-huang地黄) for heart-tonification; Lycium Barbarum Fructus(Gou-qi-zi枸杞子) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix(Dang-gui当归) for liver-tonification; Panax Ginseng Radix(Ren-shen人参) and Atractylodis Macrocephala Rhizoma(Bai-zhu白术) for spleen/stomach-tonification; Panax Ginseng Radix(Ren-shen人参) and Astragalus Membranaceus Radix(Huang-qi黄芪) for lung-tonification; Cornus Officinalis Fructus(Shan-zhu-yu山茱萸)and Dioscorea Opposite Rhizoma(Shan-yao山药) for kidney-tonification. The corresponding CM formulas are: Zhi-gan-cao decoction(炙甘草汤) for heart-tonification; Yi-guan decoction(一贯煎) for liver-tonification; Shen-ling-bai-zhu powder(参苓白术散) for spleen/stomachtonification; Bu-fei decoction(补肺汤) for lung-tonification; Liu-wei-di-huang pill(六味地黄丸) for kidney tonification.These herbs and formulas were described regarding their efficacy, reasonable use and unreasonable abuse specific to different patients with different symptoms. The scientific investigation on efficacy and safety of Chinese formulas will propel the acceptance and spread of TCM in the western world for the sake of patients worldwide.

Synchronous Dynamic Research on Respiratory and Intestinal Microflora of Chronic Bronchitis Rat Model

Objective： To investigate the mechanism of the Chinese medicine theory that Fei（Lung） and Dachang（Large Intestine） are exteriorly and interiorly related via synchronous observation on the dynamic changes of the respiratory and intestinal microflora. Methods： Forty specific pathogen free Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into blank（10 rats） and chronic bronchitis model groups（30 rats）. The blank group rats were put into the smoke-free environment and the model group rats were put into the smoke environment in order to establish pulmonary disease（chronic bronchitis） model. Then the corresponding changes of the respiratory and intestinal microflora of the model on 20th, 50th and 70th days were synchronously observed. Results： The respiratory tract microflora showed an increase in the total aerobic and Staphylococcus aureus and reduced anaerobic amount significantly on 20th day in the respiratory tract microflora（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. On 50th day, total aerobic, total anaerobic amount and bifidobacterium significantly increased（P〈0.05）. On 70th day, Staphylococcus aureus reduced and lactobacillus increased significantly（P〈0.01）. The intestinal microflora showed an increase in the total aerobic, Clostridium perfringens, enterobacter and enterococcus significantly increased on 20th day（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Staphylococcus aureus on 50th day increased significantly（P〈0.05）. Total aerobic and enterococcus increased, total anaerobic and Clostridium perfringens reduced significantly on 70th day（P〈0.05 or 0.01）. Conclusions： The microecosystem of respiratory tract and intestine of rat model during the pathological process showed a dynamic disorder, indicating an interaction between the lung and large intestine which may be one of the connotations as they exteriorly and interiorly related.