Traditional Chinese Medicine in Malaysia:A Brief Historical Overview of Education and Research

The education and research of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in Malaysia started coincidentally circa Malaysia’s independence movement.Before the independence,much of the development focused on establishing treatment centers and Chinese medical halls to provide TCM treatment.Periodicals and journals advocating TCM and its advancement were published between the 1940s and 1960s,but many did not survive after a few issues.The challenge posed by the Immigration Ordinance 1952 further united TCM practitioners and TCM associations to establish the Chinese Medical Institute of Malaya.The trend gained momentum,and many educational institutes were set up in each of Malaysia.From the 1970s,Malaysia started hosting regional and international TCM conferences.In 2000,TCM education in Malaysia had finally gained recognition from the government.ATCM program standard was thus released by the Malaysian Qualifications Agency(MQA).To date,there are seven private higher education institutions which offer TCM programs based on the MQA standards and have established international collaborations with other universities.It is projected that Malaysia’s TCM education and research will grow further as a result of China’s Belt and Road initiative.

The Educator Standing on Chinese Cultural Ground:A Case Study of Chinese Basic Education Pedagogical Research

Purpose:Chinese Educators,referred to as Jiaoyujia(教育家)in Chinese,are esteemed indivi-duals dedicated to education with extensive expertise in theory and practice.Despite their influ-ential pedagogical research,they have received limited scholarly attention.This study aimed to fll the gap by focusing on jilin Li's(李吉林)contextualized teaching research informed by Chinese educational traditions.Design/Approach/Methods:A case study format was adopted,and data were thematically ana-lyzed using NVivo I2.In light of Kuan-Hsing Chen's"Asia as method"idea,the analysis drew par-ticular attention to the Asian resources employed in the pedagogical studies of interest.Findings:Focusing on how Educators utilize diverse educational traditions,this paper presents three functions of Chinese educational traditions applicable to Li's case.The chosen case study demonstrates that elements of Chinese educational traditions still actively inform Educators working in a modern Western-style education system.This paper analyzes how Li combined Chinese and foreign traditions and reveals an element of subjectivity with its own strengths and deficiencies.

Chinese Traditional Culture Education:Implementing the Child's Position and Perspective in the Elementary Schooi Textbook Morality and Law

Purpose:Failure to clarify the position of children in Chinese culture is a significant issue faced by Chinese traditional culture education(CTCE).Indeed,moral education needs to establish child's perspective and position in Chinese society and incorporate these into the curricula on the excellent Chinese traditional culture.This study explores how the elementary school textbook,Morality and Law,has approached CTCE.Design/Approach/Methods:First,this article analyzes practical dificulties in CTCE:omission child's position.Second,this article explores the child's position needed by CTCE based on Rousseau,Montessori,and Dewey's contemporary views on children.At last,this article explores the strategyof how to implement the child's position in CTCE based on Morality and Law.Findings:In respect to CTCE,Morality and Law positions children in various ways.In terms of its educational goal,the textbook is intended to improve children's cultural education and appreciation.While the textbook's editors mainly select positive content,negative content is also included.Always taking the child into consideration,the textbook incorporates systemized knowledge into children's own lives,particularly insofar as the teaching strategy uses events or experiences in which children are interested.

On the development of citizenship education outlook in China

A sourceidentifying and comparative study of the development of the outlook on citizenship education in China and the Western countries indicates that there emerges a tendency of similar orientations in terms of relations between citizens and the state and society,between citizens’rights and obligations and between citizenship education and moral education.At the same time,there also exists the possibility of mutual integration of the viewpoints and the ideas of Chinese traditional moral education in such aspects as subject basis,educational mechanism and values orientation.