An exploration of the origin and flow of the development of traditional Chinese medicine orthopedic and chiropractic massage

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)chiropractic massage is a kind of orthopedic therapy that corrects the abnormal anatomical position of bone or joint and corrects the dislocation of joint by manipulation so that the bone is soft and the Qi and blood are reconciled(Qi:The intangible,high-mobility nutritive substance that maintains vital activities).Manipulation treatment is the first of the four major orthopedic diseases.At the same time,TCM chiropractic massage is also an essential part of TCM.TCM orthopedic chiropractic practice originated from the struggle between humanity and nature,sprouted from the Warring States period to the two Han Dynasty,formed in the Sui,Tang,and Song Dynasties,matured in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and flourished in the modern era.In more than 2,000 years of development,many practical techniques have been produced,which have profoundly influenced the inheritance and development of modern techniques,making the TCM orthopedic chiropractic massage in the contemporary era form the characteristics of“tendon and bone”and“point-line-face combination”.At present,the development of TCM chiropractic massage is facing the great challenges of modern medicine and modern advanced science and technology such as American chiropractic and the limitations of its development.Therefore,in the future,the development direction of Chinese medicine orthopedic chiropractic massage should be“hybrid to treat”.In the face of modern medicine,we should take its essence to its dross,eclectic,organically integrate its advantages into itself,enrich its theoretical framework,and strengthen the construction of disciplines and departments to enhance its competitiveness.It is believed that Chinese medicine orthopedic chiropractic massage can have better development in the future and can make more contributions to the health of the world’s people.

西方Chiropractic手法的特点

西方现代手法治疗学Chiropractic具有很强理论性和实践性,以脊柱相关疾病理论为出发点,从一个新的角度揭示了许多常见病及疑难病的发病原因及诊治规律,打破了以往的分科界限。

西方Chiropractic手法的特点

介绍西方现代特色手法治疗学Chiropractic的特点、执业要求和应用。

Chiropractice， Guasha and Acupuncture Therapies for Treatment of Infantile Asthma

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KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF THE POSTERIOR ELEMENT OF LUMBAR SPINE IN ROTATORY CHIROPRACTIC

Rotatory chiropractic is one of the key manipulations in the treatment of low-er backache. The present paper reports the kinematic changes in the posterior element oflumbar spine during rotatory manipulation, using motion segments of lumbar spine fromfresh cadavers as specimens and an electromechanical system for the measurements. Theanalysis of the angle-displacement curve and the load-angle curve reveals that rotatorychiropractic is a kind of complicated 3-D. 6-degree-of-freedom motion. Correctmanipulation may adjust the volume of the nerve root canal and relax the articulation be-tween the upper and lower joint processes so as to relieve the adhesion of the enclosuresin the nerve root canal and relieve the adhesion of the facet joints, and bring aboutimprovement of local circulation and amelioration of symptoms.

Chiropractic Rehabilitation of a Scoliosis Family: Results from a 9-Year Follow-Up

Scoliosis bracing is typically prescribed when the curvature reaches to between 30° - 50°. Although there has been a vast amount of bracing literature published, the results remain equivocal. Many patients face issues of compliance, comfort, and decreased self-esteem due to social stigmas with bracing. This has caused many patients to seek non-bracing options. Although these treatments are plausible, they lack the research background that bracing has. Therefore, many physicians are reluctant to prescribe exercise-based rehabilitation for their scoliosis patients. This study reports on 3 patients who sought non-bracing, exercise-based chiropractic rehabilitation for their scoliosis. Their results before, after, and at long term follow up are included.

Disparities in chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity and socioeconomic status:A scoping review of the literature

Background Chiropractic is the largest complementary and alternative medicine profession in the United States,with increasing global growth.A preliminary literature review suggests a lack of widespread diversity of chiropractic patient profiles.Objective There have been no prior studies to comprehensively integrate the literature on chiropractic utilization rates by race,ethnicity,and socioeconomic status.The purpose of this scoping review is to identify and describe the current state of knowledge of chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity,education level,employment status,and income and poverty level.Search strategy Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed,Ovid MEDLINE,Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature(CINAHL),Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,and Index to Chiropractic Literature from inception to May 2021.Inclusion criteria Articles that reported race or ethnicity,education level,employment status,income or poverty level variables and chiropractic utilization rates for adults(≥18 years of age)were eligible for this review.Data extraction and analysis Data extracted from articles were citation information,patient characteristics,race and ethnicity,education level,employment status,income and poverty level,and chiropractic utilization rate.A descriptive numerical summary of included studies is provided.This study provides a qualitative thematic narrative of chiropractic utilization with attention to race and ethnicity,education level,income and poverty level,and employment status.Results A total of 69 articles were eligible for review.Most articles were published since 2003 and reported data from study populations in the United States.Of the race,ethnicity and socioeconomic categories that were most commonly reported,chiropractic utilization was the highest for individuals identifying as European American/White/non-Hispanic White/Caucasian(median 20.00%;interquartile range 2.70%-64.60%),those with employment as a main income source(median utilization 78.50%;interquartile range 77.90%-79.10%),individuals with an individual or household/family annual income between$40,001 and$60,000(median utilization 29.40%;interquartile range 25.15%-33.65%),and individuals with less than or equal to(12 years)high school diploma/general educational development certificate completion(median utilization 30.70%;interquartile range 15.10%-37.00%).Conclusion This comprehensive review of the literature on chiropractic utilization by race,ethnicity and socioeconomic status indicates differences in chiropractic utilization across diverse racial and ethnic and socioeconomic populations.Heterogeneity existed among definitions of key variables,including race,ethnicity,education level,employment status,and income and poverty level in the included studies,reducing clarity in rates of chiropractic utilization for these populations.

Treatment on 42 cases of simple pediatric diarrhea with chiropractic therapy

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of treating simple pediatric diarrhea by chiropractic therapy. Methods Forty-two cases of simple diarrhea were treated with chiropractic therapy along the points from Guiwei （龟尾） to Dazhui （大椎 GV 14）, once a day, with a total of three times. The clinical efficacy was observed. Results Thirty-eight cases were cured （90.5%） and 4 cases were improved （9.5%） with the total effective rate of 100%. Conclusion The chiropractic therapy has good efficacy in treating simple pediatric diarrhea and worthy of clinical promotion.

Clinical observation on cervical chiropractic for cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type

Objective：To observe the curative effect of cervical chiropractic for cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type （CSA） and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods：Sixty CSA patients were randomly divided into two groups.Thirty patients in the treatment group were treated with chiropractic manipulation for cervical vertebrae,once every other day,7 treatments in total.The other 30 patients in the control group received oral administration of flunarizine hydrochloride,10 mg per night,for 14 d.Cervical vertigo and functional assessment scale and transcranial cerebral Doppler （TCD） were measured before treatment and 7 days after treatment.Results：The total effective rate was 96.7% in the treatment group and 83.3% in the control group.The curative rate was 66.7% in the treatment group and 20% in the control group.The differences between the two groups in the total effective rate and the curative rate were statistically significant （both P〈0.05）.The scores of cervical vertigo symptom and functional assessment after treatment in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment （both P〈0.01）;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）.After treatment,the maximum systolic velocity （Vs）,the maximum diastolic velocity （Vd）,the mean velocity （Vm）,the pulsatility index （PI） and the vascular resistance index （RI） in both groups were significantly improved compared with those before the treatment （all P〈0.01）;there were significant differences between the two groups （all P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Cervical chiropractic is an effective method for CSA,and its curative effect is better than that of flunarizine hydrochloride alone.Its mechanism may relate to correcting cervical instability.

Effect of chiropractic manipulation on disrupted epithelium barrier and its mechanism of specialized pro-resolving mediators in a spleen-deficiency murine model

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of spleen deficiency on the epithelial barrier of jejunum and lungs in a rat model of spleen-deficiency and the effect and potential specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) mechanism of chiropractic manipulation. METHODS: Three-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into normal control group (n = 6), spleen-deficiency group (n = 5) and chiropractic group (n = 6). Spleen-deficiency model was induced in spleen-deficiency group and chiropractic group. Moreover, chiropractic manipulation was performed in chiropractic group. Four weeks later, systemic Th1/Th2 balance was evaluated by the ratio of plasma interferon (IFN)-γ/interleukin (IL)-4 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epithelial barrier integrity were assessed by the observation of morphological changes by hematoxylin-eosin staining and zonula occludens (ZO)-1 gene expressions by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction in jejunum and lungs. Plasma resolvin D1 (RvD1) and lipoxin A4 (LXA4) levels were measures by ELISA for endogenous SPMs production. The levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) in jejunum and lungs were also measured by HPLC-MS/ MS. RESULTS: Comparing with normal control group, spleen-deficiency group showed disrupted mucosa in jejunum, inflammatory condition in lungs, significantly decreased ratio of plasma IFN-γ/IL-4 levels and lower expressions of ZO-1 mRNA in both jejunum and lung tissues. Comparing with spleen-deficiency group, chiropractic group had less disrupted mucosa in jejunum and inflammatory condition in lungs, significantly increased systemic ratio of IFN-γ/IL-4 and expressions of ZO-1 mRNA in both jejunum and lung tissues. Chiropractic group had significantly enhanced plasma levels of RvD1 and LXA4, but had no significantly higher levels of DHA and AA in jejunum and lungs when comparing with spleen-deficiency group. CONCLUSION: Spleen deficiency caused systemic Th1/Th2 imbalance towards Th2 polarization and epithelial barrier disruption in jejunum and lungs.Chiropractic manipulation helped enhance endogenous SPMs production, which might be one of the action mechanism of chiropractic manipulation on the improvement of epithelial barrier disruption.

Efficacy observation of chiropractic plus foot bath with Chinese medicine for transient synovitis of the hip in children

Objective:To compare the efficacy of different treatment protocols in treating transient synovitis of the hip(TSH)in children and to optimize the clinical treatment strategy for this condition.Methods:Ninety kids with TSH were divided into a control group,a chiropractic group and a chiropractic plus foot bath group using the random number table method,with 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional traction;the chiropractic group was given chiropractic treatment based on the control group;the chiropractic plus foot bath group was given Chinese medicine foot bath based on the chiropractic group.Traction and foot bath were conducted once daily while chiropractic was done once every other day,all with 14 d as a treatment course for a total of two courses.Changes in the visual analog scale(VAS)score and range of motion(ROM)of the hip joint in the three groups were observed,and the efficacy was compared.Results:The total effective rate was 93.3%in the chiropractic plus foot bath group,versus 76.7%in the chiropractic group and 66.7%in the control group,and the total effective rate was notably higher in the chiropractic plus foot bath group than in the other two groups(both P<0.05).Respectively after the first and second treatment course,the VAS score decreased significantly in each of the three groups compared with that before treatment(all P<0.01),and the ROM of the hip joint in flexion increased significantly(all P<0.01).After two treatment courses,the VAS score was lower in the chiropractic plus foot bath group than in the other two groups(both P<0.05),and its ROM of the hip joint in flexion was larger than that in the other two groups(both P<0.05).Conclusion:Based on traction,chiropractic plus Chinese medicine foot bath can effectively reduce pain and improve motor function of the hip joint in treating TSH.

Clinical observation on acupuncture plus chiropractic treatment for cervical spondylosis

Objective： To observe the therapeutic effect of Governor Vessel-unblocking and yang-regulating acupuncture plus chiropractic treatment on upper cervical spondylosis. Methods： A total of 64 eligible cases were randomly allocated into an observation group （n=32） and a control group （n=32） according to the random digital table. Cases in the observation group were treated with Governor Vessel-unblocking and Yang-regulating needling method, fine adjustment of the upper cervical spine and lumbosacral Ban-pulling manipulation; cases in the control group were treated with routine acupuncture and same spinal adjustment as the observation group. The treatment was done once a day in both groups. The therapeutic efficacies were observed after 10 times of treatment. Results： The total effective rate was 78.1% in the observation group and 67.5% in the control group. The difference in the total effective rate between the two groups was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Governor Vessel-unblocking and yang-regulating acupuncture and regulate yang plus chiropractic therapy is better than routine acupuncture plus chiropractic therapy in the therapeutic effect in the treatment of upper cervical spondylosis.

Clinical observation of needling gluteus medius muscle trigger point plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of needling gluteus medius muscle trigger point (TrP) plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation.Methods:A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria of sacroiliac joint subluxation were classified by anterior subluxation and posterior subluxation,and randomized into a TrP group and a conventional group respectively.There were 63 patients with anterior subluxation who were randomized into a TrP group of 32 cases (including 4 dropped out cases) and a conventional group of 31 cases (including 3 dropped out cases);and 61 patients with posterior subluxation who were randomized into a TrP group of 31 cases (including 3 dropped out cases) and a conventional group of 30 cases (including 3 dropped out cases).Patients in the TrP group received the treatment of needling gluteus medius muscle TrP plus chiropractic,while patients in the conventional group received conventional acupuncture treatment plus chiropractic.The treatment was done twice a week for a succession of 8 weeks.Then,the pain visual analog scale (VAS),Oswestry disability index (ODI) and therapeutic efficacy were evaluated.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate of TrP group with anterior subluxation was 96.9%,higher than 77.4% in the conventional group,the difference showed a statistical significance (P<0.05);the total effective rate was 93.5% in the TrP group with posterior subluxation,higher than 73.3% in the conventional group.After treatment,the VAS and ODI scores in both groups dropped obviously,the differences showed statistical significance (all P<0.05);the scores of VAS and ODI in the TrP group were obviously lower than those in the conventional group (all P<0.05).Conclusion:Needling gluteus medius muscle TrP plus chiropractic had a better therapeutic effect than conventional acupuncture plus chiropractic for sacroiliac joint subluxation.

THE BASICS OF BACK PAIN How Proper Chiropractic Care Can Improve Quality of Life

Many patients seek chiropractic care to alleviate pain and other health-related symptoms.Chiropractics is the only profession that is dedicated to finding and cor-recting vertebral subluxations(also known as spinal misalignments).

Pain and Radiographic Changes in Adult Scoliosis Patients Using a Scoliosis Activity Suit: Case-Controlled 10-Year Follow-Up Results

Scoliosis in adult patients is known to increase across the lifespan and increases the chance of chronic pain in later adulthood. Non-surgical scoliosis treatment options for adults are not widely recommended, largely due to lack of research in this area. Pain management options for adults are focused primarily on treating scoliosis-related pain, and not necessarily the scoliosis itself, such as epidural injections, prescription pain medications, and general physical therapy. Recent studies reporting non-surgical, scoliosis-specific treatment methods in adults are encouraging, but their study designs limit extrapolation. The current study reports the self-reported pain and radiographic outcomes in adult patients wearing a scoliosis activity suit for at least 10 years. A total of 22 patient charts that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected for review. Cobb angle radiographic measurements and self-rated quadruple numerical pain rating scale (QVAS) at baseline and 10-year follow-up were used as the outcomes. Cobb angle measurements were compared at baseline and 10 years and subdivided according to scoliosis curve pattern. At 10 years, 68% of patients had improvements in their Cobb angle > 5˚, with an overall average of approximately 9˚. Significant differences were also observed in the 10-year Cobb angle measurements when compared to the predicted 10-year Cobb angles based on the established rate of linear progression in adults. A statistically significant change was also observed in the 10-year QVAS scores. These results suggest a potential role of the scoliosis activity suit for improving Cobb angles in adults and reducing scoliosis-related pain.

美式脊椎矫正学为脊椎疾病康复干预注入新的内容与活力

目的:阐述美式脊椎矫正学(Chiropractic)的发展史与现状,从人体健康的平衡观、整体观及脊椎、脊柱的力学结构方面介绍脊椎矫正学的理论体系。方法:查阅关于美式脊椎矫正学的国外3部著作,同时检索2002-10/2006-01中国期刊全文网关于美式脊椎矫正学的相关文献,检索词为“美式脊椎矫正”。结果:脊椎矫正学的主要目标是针对人体脊椎功能异常和/或与神经系统的关系,找出并恢复位移异常的脊椎,去除对神经系统的影响,使身体回到健康自然的状态。其主要治疗特点是针对性强,无创伤,无痛苦,疗效显著,安全系数高,是绿色疗法、纯自然疗法。结论:脊椎矫正学从人体健康的平衡观、整体观出发,对脊椎、脊柱的力学结构进一步重新认识,从而对脊椎、脊柱常见病、多发病已经形成了自己独到的理论体系,以及相应的诊疗方法,这些理论和方法过去和现在已经被越来越多的临床实践所证实。

A MISDIAGNOSED CASE OF SACROILIAC JOINT INJURY AND MALPOSITION

Sacroiliac joint malposition is one of the main causes evoking lumbocrural pain. Because its clinical symptoms are similar to those induced either by lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion or by ankylosing spondylitis （AS） at the early stage, and because X-ray results taken at its early stage were not evident for differentiating the diseases,

Vertebral Artery Dissection Probably Caused by Massage: A Case Report

MASSAGE has been recommended to more people as an adjunct to health care. We illustrate a case of vertebral artery dissection(VAD) probably caused by massage that almost resulted in the patient's death. The patient experienced sudden cardiac arrest and paralysis. After treatment with anticoagulation and antiplatelet, he finally discharged without any sequelae.

颈椎曲度的影像学分析在颈椎病诊断和治疗中的意义

目的通过研究明确颈椎曲度异常是颈椎内在不平衡的外在反映,消除引起颈椎曲度异常的病因-半脱位,可以控制颈椎病的发展过程。方法测量方法1说明所有颈椎病的患者曲度均不正常,测量方法2说明引起曲度异常的内在因素是‘半脱位"。治疗方法采用西方的chiropractic手法。结果症状消除和影像改善2989例,占92.5%。结论所有颈椎病的患者颈椎曲度均异常,有效治疗‘半脱位'可以控制颈椎病的发展。

Spinal Manipulation and Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Care for a 4-Year-Old Patient with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum

The purpose of this case study is to describe the chiropractic care of a 4-year-old male patient with agenesis of the corpus callosum. Methods: Chiropractic care plan consisted of weekly appointments with the inclusion of at-home exercises coupled with academic intervention of physical and occupational therapies and assistive gait devices. Functional changes were monitored via objective clinic findings, independent clinical examination, and parental observation. Results: Agitated flexion contracted non-weight bearing child with gastrointestinal dysfunction and developmentally shunted growth responds to co-managed chiropractic care. Focus on aiding structural balance helped improve the weight bearing movement and mobility, physical calmness and contentment, emotional and verbal communication, as well as gastointestinal function. Discussion: This therapeutic approach decreased aberrant posture and enhanced quality of life. Conclusion: Chiropractic care in combination with academic intervention improved this child’s postural abnormalities, attitude, and cognitive development warranting consideration in subsequent care investigation.