Expression of Osteopontin and molecules in EMT of rats with chronic allograft nephropathy

Objective To investigate the expression of OPN, α - SMA,E - cadherin and their correlation in chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) rat model,and to explore the possible role of OPN in CAN. Methods Orthotopic renal - transplantation using Fisher rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients was done to establish

Effect of cydosporin on renin-angiotensin system in a rat model of chronic cyclosporine nephropathy

Objective To explore the mechanisms of cyclosporin-induced chronic nephrotoxicity. Methods Radioimmunoassay was used to study the changes of plasma renin activity (PRA) ,plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ),and Aldosterone after rats were given low salt diet and 30 mg?kg-1?d-1of CsAfor 28 days. The protective effects of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae or benazepril on these changes were also studied. Results In CsA-treated rats, PRA and Ang Ⅱ levels were significantly elevated as compared with control groups. The elevation was not influenced by injection of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae,but could be blocked markedly by benazepril. There was significant difference in Aldosterone levels among the groups except benazepril-treated group showing a decreased Aldosterone level. Conclusion Chronic cyclosporone nephropathy may be related to activation of renin-angiotensin system, especially to the elevation of Ang Ⅱ levels. The different effects of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae or benazepril on RAS suggest the different

Role and mechanism of phosphate myosin light chain in chronic allograft nephropathy of rats

Objective To investigate role and mechanism of phosphate myosin light chain ( pMLC) in rat kidney of chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) model. Methods Left donor kidneys from Fisher ( F344) rats were ortho-topically transplanted into Lewis recipients,Meanwhile, F344 rats and LEW rats with resection of right

Establishment of rat experiment model of chronic allograft nephropathy

Objective To summarize experience of establishing stable rat model ot chronic allograft nephropathy. Methods We used Fisher rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients. After left kidney of donor perfused in situ under hypothermic condition,left renal vein,abdominal aorta and bladder flap of donor was anastomosed with

Effect of conversion from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus on patients with chronic allograft nephropathy

Objective To investigate the effect of conversion from cyelosporine A ( CsA ) to tacrolimus ( Tac) on chronic allograft nephropathy ( CAN) . Methods 153 CAN patients undergoing kidney transplantation received CsA,mycophenolate mofetil ( MMF) and

Nephroprevention in the oldest old with chronic kidney disease:Special considerations

Nephroprevention strategies are crucial for handling chronic kidney disease(CKD) complications, and slowing its progression. However, these preventative measures should be guided by major geriatrics principles in order to help nephrologists to adequately handle the oldest old with CKD. These geriatric concepts consist of taking into account the relevance of choosing an individualized therapy, handling clinical frailty, and keeping a geriatric perspective which means that a good quality of life is sometimes a more important therapeutic objective inoctogenarians than merely prolonging life. Even though nephroprevention strategies for treating the oldest old with CKD are basically similar to those applied to younger patients such as low sodium and protein diet, optimized hemoglobin levels, blood pressure and metabolic control, the treating physician or care provider must at all times be ready to make fundamental adjustments and tweak patient care paradigms and objectives if and when the initial therapeutic options applied have caused unintended clinical consequences and complications. Additionally, the sarcopenia status should also be evaluated and treated in very old CKD patients.

Study on Relation of Kidney-Deficiency with Hearing Damage and Serum Trace Elements in Patients with Chronic Nephropathy

Objective: To find some objective criteria for Syndrome Differentiation of Kidney Deficiency by analysing the relationship between Kidney and hearing as well as serum trace elements. Methods: The hearing and serum trace element of 73 cases of chronic nephropathy were measured. Results: The incidence of hearing damage in high frequency was 68. 5% with a mean hypoacusis of 35. 1 ±6. 1 dB, while in the 55 patients of Kidney deficiency type, the incidence of hearing damage in high frequency was 83. 6%, which was significantly higher than that in patients without Kidney Deficiency. The serum levels of trace elements (iron and zinc) in patients with Kidney Deficiency were lower than the normal level and that in patients without Kidney Deficiency, and the decrease of serum iron was directly proPOrtional to the degree of hearing damage. Conclusion: There was close relationship between Kidney Deficiency and hearing damage as well as the serum levels of iron and zinc.

Vitamin D deficiency may predispose patients to increased risk of kidney transplant rejection

BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency occurs in more than 80%of kidney transplant recipients.Its immunomodulatory effects can predispose transplant recipients to rejection and chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN).This study determined the association between serum 25(OH)vitamin D,biopsy-proven allograft rejection,and CAN rates.AIM To determine the relationship between serum 25(OH)vitamin D level and biopsy-proven allograft rejection and CAN rate in renal transplant recipients.METHODS Adult renal transplant recipients followed at the clinic between January 2013 and 2018 were included.Recipients requiring graft biopsy due to declined function,hematuria,and proteinuria were reviewed.The two groups were compared regarding collected data,including the biopsy results,immunologic parameters,vitamin D,parathyroid hormone(PTH),phosphorus,albumin levels,and graft function tests.RESULTS Fifty-two recipients who underwent graft biopsy met the inclusion criteria.In all,14 recipients had a vitamin D level>15 ng/mL(group 1)vs≤15 ng/mL(group 2)in 38.In total,27 patients had biopsy-proven rejection,and 19 had CAN.There was only 1 recipient with biopsyproven rejection in group 1,whereas there were 24 patients with rejection in group 2.The rejection rate was significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1(P<0.001).Four patients were diagnosed with CAN in group 1 vs fifteen in group 2.There was no significant difference in the CAN rate between the two groups.PTH was higher at the time of graft biopsy(P=0.009,P=0.022)in group 1 with a mean of 268 pg/mL.Donor-specific antibodies were detected in 14(56.0%)of the recipients with rejection.Vitamin D level was 9.7±3.4 ng/mL in the rejection group vs 14.7±7.2 in the non-rejection group;this difference was statistically significant(P=0.003).The albumin levels were significantly lower in patients with rejection than in those without rejection(P=0.001).In univariate regression analysis of risk factors affecting rejection,sex,serum vitamin D,phosphorus and albumin were found to have an impact(P=0.027,P=0.007,P=0.023,P=0.008).In multivariate regression analysis,the same factors did not affect rejection.CONCLUSION The serum 25(OH)vitamin D level in kidney transplant recipients remained low.Although low serum vitamin D level emerged as a risk factor for rejection in univariate analysis,this finding was not confirmed by multivariate analysis.Prospective studies are required to determine the effect of serum vitamin D levels on allograft rejection.

Adenovirus-mediated antisense ERK2 gene therapy ameliorates chronic allograft nephropathy in a rat model

To investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of adenovirus-mediated antisense ERK2(Adanti-ERK2)gene therapy upon chronic allograft nephropathy(CAN)of rats,male Lewis(LEW,RT11)rats received male Fisher(F344,RT11v1)renal allografts.The recipients were divided into three groups:(1)empty control group;(2)vector control group;(3)gene therapy group.All recipients were sacrificed for the grafts and serum analysis at the 24th week after transplantation.Morphometric analysis was used to determine thefibrosis of grafts.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of E-Cadherin,Vimentin,TβR I and the infiltration of CD4+T lymphocyte,CD8+T lymphocyte and ED-1+monocytes.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect TGF-β1 in serum.The grafts in the empty control group and vector control group showed CAN.There was less E-Cadherin in renal tubular epithelial cells in the empty control group but more Vimentin and TβR I.In the gene therapy group,thefibrosis was ameliorated and fewer T lymphocytes and ED-1+monocytes infiltrated in the interstitium.There was no significant difference in the expression of E-Cadherin between the gene therapy group and normal rats.Compared with the empty control group,the expression of TGF-β1 in the gene therapy group was down-regulated.Adanti-ERK2 gene therapy protects the renal allograft and attenuates graftfibrosis,which may be correlated with a decreased renal tubular epithelial mesenchymal transition,a decreased infiltration of CD4+T lymphocyte,CD8+T lymphocytes and ED-1+monocytes in renal interstitium,and the down-regulated TGF-β1 expression.