Chrysanthemum morifolium,an ornamental crop with diverse forms of inflorescence,is a good model for studying flower development in Asteraceae.However,the genetic background is complex and the mechanisms of regulating ...Chrysanthemum morifolium,an ornamental crop with diverse forms of inflorescence,is a good model for studying flower development in Asteraceae.However,the genetic background is complex and the mechanisms of regulating flower development are still unclear.Here,we identified two natural mutant lines of chrysanthemum and named them M1 and M2 according to the severity of the phenotype.Both lines showed defects in petal identity,and the petals of the M1 line had a mild phenotype:partially loss of petal identity and conversion of petals into green,leaf-like organs.The M2 line had severe phenotypes:in addition to severe petal defects,secondary inflorescences were produced in the capitulum to replace the normal ray and disc florets,which indicated a transformation of a flower meristem into an inflorescence meristem.Transcriptome sequencing of WT and M2 inflorescences was performed and found altered expression of floral organ development A,B and E class genes,where B and E class genes were significantly down-regulated.qRT-PCR analysis in both M1 and M2 lines revealed that the expression of three chrysanthemum class B genes CmAP3.1,CmAP3.2 and CmPI,was negatively correlated with phenotypic severity.This suggests that class B genes in chrysanthemum not only have conserved functions in determining petal identity but also were involved in the determinacy of the flower meristem.This study provides insights into the functions of class B genes in flower development,and is informative for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of flower development in chrysanthemum.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the extraction and comprehensive utilization of functional active components of Chrysanthemum morifolium polyphenols.[Methods]With C.morifolium a...[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the extraction and comprehensive utilization of functional active components of Chrysanthemum morifolium polyphenols.[Methods]With C.morifolium as a raw material,polyphenols were extracted by water extraction.The extraction process of polyphenols were optimized by single factor tests on solid-liquid ratio,extracting time and times.Old rice wine selected as the base wine was added with C.morifolium polyphenol extract,honey,citric acid and other auxiliary materials to prepare a kind of chrysanthemum old rice wine.Through sensory analysis combined with fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method,the optimal formula of chrysanthemum old rice wine was determined,and the corresponding physicochemical indicators of the obtained chrysanthemum old rice wine were tested.[Results]The optimal soaking process for C.morifolium was as follows:extraction time of 20 min,a solid-liquid ratio of C.morifolium to warm water at 1:40,extraction times of 3 times.The physical and chemical indicators of the chrysanthemum wine obtained from the above optimal formula were as follows:sugar content 5%,ethanol content 11%,and pH value 4.04.The chrysanthemum old rice wine obtained was clear and transparent,and the fragrance of chrysanthemum was coordinated with the mellow aroma of rice wine.The taste was refreshing and suitable for the vast majority of people to drink.[Conclusions]The new type of chrysanthemum old rice wine combines the polyphenolic active substances in C.morifolium with the low ethanol content of old rice wine,which not only improves the utilization rate of C.morifolium,but also strengthens the health function of old rice wine products,improves the quality of old rice wine,and promotes the healthy and rapid development of the old rice wine industry.展开更多
Two new flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the flowering heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Their structures were determined to be luteolin 4'-methoxy-7- O-(6"-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and acaceti...Two new flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the flowering heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Their structures were determined to be luteolin 4'-methoxy-7- O-(6"-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and acacetin 7-O-(3"-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR technique.展开更多
A novel computational system was used to decipher the targets and mechanisms of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma.The putative target profile of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular ...A novel computational system was used to decipher the targets and mechanisms of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma.The putative target profile of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma was identified from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and DrugBank.Next,identification of the protein-protein interaction network of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma targets,and the identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma,relied on data from the NCBI database.Finally,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology were used to analyze the common targets.Forty-eight active compounds in Chrysanthemum morifolium were identified by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and DrugBank,and 71 differentially expressed genes were identified in the GEO database.Further,10 core target proteins were selected,including CYP1A1,ADRB2,ADRA1B,PGR,MAOB,SLC6A4,GABRA1,MAOA,NOS3 and PTGS2.These target genes were also found to be associated with pathways involved in adrenergic receptor activity and catecholamine binding.展开更多
[Objective]The paper was to explore the virus elimination technique of Chrysanthemum morifolium′Shenma′.[Method]With C.morifolium ′Shenma′as the test materials,the virus elimination effects of shoot-tip treatment,...[Objective]The paper was to explore the virus elimination technique of Chrysanthemum morifolium′Shenma′.[Method]With C.morifolium ′Shenma′as the test materials,the virus elimination effects of shoot-tip treatment,shoot-tip with virazole treatment and shoot-tip with heat treatment were used to study the effect of virus elimination in the paper.The shoot-tips with the lengths of 0.2-0.3,0.4-0.5,0.6-0.8 and 0.9-1.0 mm were cultured by the shoot-tip treatment.A randomized complete blocks design was conducted to screen the best shoot-tip length and virazole concentration by shoot-tip with virazole treatment.The test-tube seedling were cultured by the method of variable temperature at day and night and stepwise temperature rising.ELISA test was used to identify the elimination efficiencies.[Result]The shoot-tip with the length of 0.4-0.5 mm was the best in shoot-tip treatment;the combination of shoot-tip length of 0.4-0.5mm and virazole mass concentration of 10 mg/L was the best in shoot-tip with virazole treatment;the shoot-tip with the length of 0.4-0.5 mm stripped after heat treatment for 45d was the best in shoot-tip with heat treatment.[Conclusion]The study provides an effective way for virus elimination in C. morifolium′Shenma′.展开更多
This paper first introduced Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. and its medicinal value. Then, it studied agricultural intellectual property resources such as geographical indications, trademarks, patents, new plant varie...This paper first introduced Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. and its medicinal value. Then, it studied agricultural intellectual property resources such as geographical indications, trademarks, patents, new plant varieties, biological genetic resources, and traditional knowledge related to C. morifolium . Finally, it summarized poverty-stricken areas ecologically suitable for planting C. morifolium , analyzed the GAP certification of C. morifolium , pollution-free agricultural product certification, green food certification, and organic food certification, and discussed the strategies for C. morifolium intellectual property protection and authenticity protection in the context of TCM development strategy and rural revitalization strategy.展开更多
FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the p...FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the photoperiod,which limits their ornamental and annual production supply.In this study,we aim to analyze the nutrients and flowering-related genes of chrysanthemums with different photoperiod types and to clone and verify the function of the flowering-related gene CmFT.We found that the formation of floral buds requires the accumulation of starch while consuming soluble sugars and the expression patterns of flowering-related genes GIGANTEA(GI),CONSTANS(CO),and FT in C.morifolium‘Zilian’and C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’had a certain synchronization during floral buds differentiation according to our quantitative validation,and the expression levels of CmGI,CmCO and CmFT in C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’were higher than those in C.morifolium.‘Zilian’in the later stage of differentiation.CmFT was cloned from photosensitive chrysanthemums-C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’and polypeptide alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that CmFT was clustered in FT-like subfamily.In further functional verification,we obtained two Arabidopsis transgenic lines.Our results showed that CmFT transgenic ft mutant lines can significantly accelerate flowering in Arabidopsis.Thus,we can initially confirm that CmFT plays an important role in promoting flowering,which may be the key reason for the photosensitivity of C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’.Overall,the results of this study are of great importance in revealing the flowering mechanism of different photoperiod types of chrysanthemums.展开更多
Although some species that accumulate only cyanidin(Cy)in nature can produce blue flowers through iron ions,there has been no evidence of blue chrysanthemums being generated in this manner.This study revealed that fla...Although some species that accumulate only cyanidin(Cy)in nature can produce blue flowers through iron ions,there has been no evidence of blue chrysanthemums being generated in this manner.This study revealed that flavonoid extracts from the ray florets of the chrysanthemum cultivar‘Wandai Fengguang’turned blue when exposed to Fe^(3+).Samples that could turn blue were labeled as CB(Cy-determined blue flowers),while samples that did not turn blue were labeled as CN(Cy-determined non-blue flowers).After a series of experiments,a stable screening system was established using flavonoid extracts containing NaAc buffer at pH 5.5 and a total anthocyanin concentration(TAC)of 30 μmol·L^(-1),and the addition of Fe^(3+)from 0 to 0.25 μmol·L^(-1)allowed for the selection of five CB samples from 39 chrysanthemum cultivars.All five CB samples exhibited flower color phenotypes that belonged to Cluster-I with redness(a*)values ranging from 29.03 to 45.99,yellowness(b*)values from-11.31 to 3.77,and brightness(L*)values from 29.07 to 45.99.Additionally,the ratio of TAC to total luteolin concentration(TLC)was found to be a critical factor for distinguishing between CB and CN samples.To realize the desired blue hue in the flavonoid extracts with the participation of Fe^(3+),a TAC to TLC ratio of 2.25 and above is required.Moreover,the protoplasts and ray florets of CB samples that turned blue with the involvement of Fe^(2+)showed great potential for cultivating blue chrysanthemums through ferric-anthocyanin chelate.Overall,this study reveals that blue flowers can be cultivated through the increase in the iron ion concentration,combined with the accumulation of Cy.展开更多
Mannliche Wistar Ratten wurden intravenos mit 700 ×103 Sporozoiten von Plasmodium yoelii infiziert. Den Versuchstieren wurde 2 und 24 Stunden nach der Infektion 700 mg/kg eines Extraktes von Chrysanthemum morifol...Mannliche Wistar Ratten wurden intravenos mit 700 ×103 Sporozoiten von Plasmodium yoelii infiziert. Den Versuchstieren wurde 2 und 24 Stunden nach der Infektion 700 mg/kg eines Extraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium in die Bauchhohle gespritzt. 40 Stunden nach der Infektion wurden die Tiere getotet und in Leberdunnschnitten wurde die exoerythrozytare Schizogonie bestimmt. Es wurde gefunden, daβ zwar das Eindringen der Sporozoiten in die Leberzellen nicht gehemmt wurde,jedoch die intrazellulare Reifung zu infektiosen Formen der exoerythrozytare Schizogonie deutlich gehemmt war.展开更多
Die Wirkung des Athylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf P. falciparum wurde in vitro untersucht. Wahrend sich die Parasitamie bei der Kontrollgruppe bis zu 10. 90% entwickelte, wurde bei dem mit Athylaze...Die Wirkung des Athylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf P. falciparum wurde in vitro untersucht. Wahrend sich die Parasitamie bei der Kontrollgruppe bis zu 10. 90% entwickelte, wurde bei dem mit Athylazetatextrakt in einer Konzentration von 100 μg/ml Medium am 5. Tag der Kultur eine signifikante Hemmwirkung auf die Parasiten beobachtet. Die Parasitamie blieb bei 1.00 %.展开更多
为探讨菊茎叶总黄酮(total flavonoids from stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium,TFCSL)抗氧化应激的活性成分,阐明其药效物质基础和作用机制。采用HPLC建立不同批次TFCSL指纹图谱;以高浓度葡萄糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞建立...为探讨菊茎叶总黄酮(total flavonoids from stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium,TFCSL)抗氧化应激的活性成分,阐明其药效物质基础和作用机制。采用HPLC建立不同批次TFCSL指纹图谱;以高浓度葡萄糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞建立氧化损伤模型,将丙二醛含量、乳酸脱氢酶含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性作为药效指标;采用灰色关联度和偏最小二乘法分析其谱-效关系确定抗氧化药效物质基础;基于网络药理学结合分子对接探究核心靶点及作用通路。从12批次TFCSL指纹图谱中确定12个共有峰,指认其中9个化学成分;各批次总黄酮样品均可减少细胞凋亡、降低丙二醛及乳酸脱氢酶含量、提高超氧化物歧化酶活性;综合2种数学模型确定峰5(芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷)、峰6(异绿原酸C)、峰7(香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷)为抗氧化物质基础;筛选出的3个活性成分作用于抗氧化应激的33个靶点;关键靶点为TNF、CASP3、EDNRA、XDH、PTGS2、MMP2,主要涉及脂质和动脉粥样硬化信号通路、IL-17信号通路、糖尿病并发症AGE-RAGE信号通路、TNF通路、MPKA通路等信号通路;分子对接结果显示活性成分与关键靶点之间均有较好的结合力。表明TFCSL抗氧化应激的物质基础可能为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、异绿原酸C、香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷,推测通过TNF、CASP3等靶点作用动脉粥样硬化信号通路、IL17信号通路发挥作用,体现菊茎叶多成分、多靶点抗氧化的作用特点。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171855)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-23-A18),Seed Industry Project of Jiangsu Province(JBGS[2021]020)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661870)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFD1000400)a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Chrysanthemum morifolium,an ornamental crop with diverse forms of inflorescence,is a good model for studying flower development in Asteraceae.However,the genetic background is complex and the mechanisms of regulating flower development are still unclear.Here,we identified two natural mutant lines of chrysanthemum and named them M1 and M2 according to the severity of the phenotype.Both lines showed defects in petal identity,and the petals of the M1 line had a mild phenotype:partially loss of petal identity and conversion of petals into green,leaf-like organs.The M2 line had severe phenotypes:in addition to severe petal defects,secondary inflorescences were produced in the capitulum to replace the normal ray and disc florets,which indicated a transformation of a flower meristem into an inflorescence meristem.Transcriptome sequencing of WT and M2 inflorescences was performed and found altered expression of floral organ development A,B and E class genes,where B and E class genes were significantly down-regulated.qRT-PCR analysis in both M1 and M2 lines revealed that the expression of three chrysanthemum class B genes CmAP3.1,CmAP3.2 and CmPI,was negatively correlated with phenotypic severity.This suggests that class B genes in chrysanthemum not only have conserved functions in determining petal identity but also were involved in the determinacy of the flower meristem.This study provides insights into the functions of class B genes in flower development,and is informative for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of flower development in chrysanthemum.
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the extraction and comprehensive utilization of functional active components of Chrysanthemum morifolium polyphenols.[Methods]With C.morifolium as a raw material,polyphenols were extracted by water extraction.The extraction process of polyphenols were optimized by single factor tests on solid-liquid ratio,extracting time and times.Old rice wine selected as the base wine was added with C.morifolium polyphenol extract,honey,citric acid and other auxiliary materials to prepare a kind of chrysanthemum old rice wine.Through sensory analysis combined with fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method,the optimal formula of chrysanthemum old rice wine was determined,and the corresponding physicochemical indicators of the obtained chrysanthemum old rice wine were tested.[Results]The optimal soaking process for C.morifolium was as follows:extraction time of 20 min,a solid-liquid ratio of C.morifolium to warm water at 1:40,extraction times of 3 times.The physical and chemical indicators of the chrysanthemum wine obtained from the above optimal formula were as follows:sugar content 5%,ethanol content 11%,and pH value 4.04.The chrysanthemum old rice wine obtained was clear and transparent,and the fragrance of chrysanthemum was coordinated with the mellow aroma of rice wine.The taste was refreshing and suitable for the vast majority of people to drink.[Conclusions]The new type of chrysanthemum old rice wine combines the polyphenolic active substances in C.morifolium with the low ethanol content of old rice wine,which not only improves the utilization rate of C.morifolium,but also strengthens the health function of old rice wine products,improves the quality of old rice wine,and promotes the healthy and rapid development of the old rice wine industry.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Science and Technology Department(No.BK2001219)
文摘Two new flavonoid glycosides were isolated from the flowering heads of Chrysanthemum morifolium. Their structures were determined to be luteolin 4'-methoxy-7- O-(6"-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1) and acacetin 7-O-(3"-O-acetyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (2) by means of 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis, including 2D NMR technique.
基金This work was supported by Anyang science and Technology development plan project in 2020(Project No.228).
文摘A novel computational system was used to decipher the targets and mechanisms of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma.The putative target profile of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma was identified from Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and DrugBank.Next,identification of the protein-protein interaction network of Chrysanthemum morifolium against hepatocellular carcinoma targets,and the identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma,relied on data from the NCBI database.Finally,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology were used to analyze the common targets.Forty-eight active compounds in Chrysanthemum morifolium were identified by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology and DrugBank,and 71 differentially expressed genes were identified in the GEO database.Further,10 core target proteins were selected,including CYP1A1,ADRB2,ADRA1B,PGR,MAOB,SLC6A4,GABRA1,MAOA,NOS3 and PTGS2.These target genes were also found to be associated with pathways involved in adrenergic receptor activity and catecholamine binding.
基金Supported by Special Project for Forestry Industry in the Public Interest(200904050)
文摘[Objective]The paper was to explore the virus elimination technique of Chrysanthemum morifolium′Shenma′.[Method]With C.morifolium ′Shenma′as the test materials,the virus elimination effects of shoot-tip treatment,shoot-tip with virazole treatment and shoot-tip with heat treatment were used to study the effect of virus elimination in the paper.The shoot-tips with the lengths of 0.2-0.3,0.4-0.5,0.6-0.8 and 0.9-1.0 mm were cultured by the shoot-tip treatment.A randomized complete blocks design was conducted to screen the best shoot-tip length and virazole concentration by shoot-tip with virazole treatment.The test-tube seedling were cultured by the method of variable temperature at day and night and stepwise temperature rising.ELISA test was used to identify the elimination efficiencies.[Result]The shoot-tip with the length of 0.4-0.5 mm was the best in shoot-tip treatment;the combination of shoot-tip length of 0.4-0.5mm and virazole mass concentration of 10 mg/L was the best in shoot-tip with virazole treatment;the shoot-tip with the length of 0.4-0.5 mm stripped after heat treatment for 45d was the best in shoot-tip with heat treatment.[Conclusion]The study provides an effective way for virus elimination in C. morifolium′Shenma′.
基金Supported by Foundation for Key Program of Hubei Province(LX201827)Soft Science Program for Technological Innovation of Hubei Province(2018ADC149)
文摘This paper first introduced Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. and its medicinal value. Then, it studied agricultural intellectual property resources such as geographical indications, trademarks, patents, new plant varieties, biological genetic resources, and traditional knowledge related to C. morifolium . Finally, it summarized poverty-stricken areas ecologically suitable for planting C. morifolium , analyzed the GAP certification of C. morifolium , pollution-free agricultural product certification, green food certification, and organic food certification, and discussed the strategies for C. morifolium intellectual property protection and authenticity protection in the context of TCM development strategy and rural revitalization strategy.
基金the Major Technological Innovation of Guangdong Province of China,Grant Number 2020B020220009the Science and Technology Projects,Grant Number 202201011833.
文摘FLOWERING LOCUS T(FT)is an important factor for integrating flowering signals through the photoperiod pathway,which significantly promotes flowering.Most chrysanthemum varieties are short-day plants,sensitive to the photoperiod,which limits their ornamental and annual production supply.In this study,we aim to analyze the nutrients and flowering-related genes of chrysanthemums with different photoperiod types and to clone and verify the function of the flowering-related gene CmFT.We found that the formation of floral buds requires the accumulation of starch while consuming soluble sugars and the expression patterns of flowering-related genes GIGANTEA(GI),CONSTANS(CO),and FT in C.morifolium‘Zilian’and C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’had a certain synchronization during floral buds differentiation according to our quantitative validation,and the expression levels of CmGI,CmCO and CmFT in C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’were higher than those in C.morifolium.‘Zilian’in the later stage of differentiation.CmFT was cloned from photosensitive chrysanthemums-C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’and polypeptide alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that CmFT was clustered in FT-like subfamily.In further functional verification,we obtained two Arabidopsis transgenic lines.Our results showed that CmFT transgenic ft mutant lines can significantly accelerate flowering in Arabidopsis.Thus,we can initially confirm that CmFT plays an important role in promoting flowering,which may be the key reason for the photosensitivity of C.morifolium‘Zihongtuogui’.Overall,the results of this study are of great importance in revealing the flowering mechanism of different photoperiod types of chrysanthemums.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.32171849 and 32271946).
文摘Although some species that accumulate only cyanidin(Cy)in nature can produce blue flowers through iron ions,there has been no evidence of blue chrysanthemums being generated in this manner.This study revealed that flavonoid extracts from the ray florets of the chrysanthemum cultivar‘Wandai Fengguang’turned blue when exposed to Fe^(3+).Samples that could turn blue were labeled as CB(Cy-determined blue flowers),while samples that did not turn blue were labeled as CN(Cy-determined non-blue flowers).After a series of experiments,a stable screening system was established using flavonoid extracts containing NaAc buffer at pH 5.5 and a total anthocyanin concentration(TAC)of 30 μmol·L^(-1),and the addition of Fe^(3+)from 0 to 0.25 μmol·L^(-1)allowed for the selection of five CB samples from 39 chrysanthemum cultivars.All five CB samples exhibited flower color phenotypes that belonged to Cluster-I with redness(a*)values ranging from 29.03 to 45.99,yellowness(b*)values from-11.31 to 3.77,and brightness(L*)values from 29.07 to 45.99.Additionally,the ratio of TAC to total luteolin concentration(TLC)was found to be a critical factor for distinguishing between CB and CN samples.To realize the desired blue hue in the flavonoid extracts with the participation of Fe^(3+),a TAC to TLC ratio of 2.25 and above is required.Moreover,the protoplasts and ray florets of CB samples that turned blue with the involvement of Fe^(2+)showed great potential for cultivating blue chrysanthemums through ferric-anthocyanin chelate.Overall,this study reveals that blue flowers can be cultivated through the increase in the iron ion concentration,combined with the accumulation of Cy.
文摘Mannliche Wistar Ratten wurden intravenos mit 700 ×103 Sporozoiten von Plasmodium yoelii infiziert. Den Versuchstieren wurde 2 und 24 Stunden nach der Infektion 700 mg/kg eines Extraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium in die Bauchhohle gespritzt. 40 Stunden nach der Infektion wurden die Tiere getotet und in Leberdunnschnitten wurde die exoerythrozytare Schizogonie bestimmt. Es wurde gefunden, daβ zwar das Eindringen der Sporozoiten in die Leberzellen nicht gehemmt wurde,jedoch die intrazellulare Reifung zu infektiosen Formen der exoerythrozytare Schizogonie deutlich gehemmt war.
文摘Die Wirkung des Athylazetatextraktes von Chrysanthemum morifolium auf P. falciparum wurde in vitro untersucht. Wahrend sich die Parasitamie bei der Kontrollgruppe bis zu 10. 90% entwickelte, wurde bei dem mit Athylazetatextrakt in einer Konzentration von 100 μg/ml Medium am 5. Tag der Kultur eine signifikante Hemmwirkung auf die Parasiten beobachtet. Die Parasitamie blieb bei 1.00 %.
文摘为探讨菊茎叶总黄酮(total flavonoids from stems and leaves of Chrysanthemum morifolium,TFCSL)抗氧化应激的活性成分,阐明其药效物质基础和作用机制。采用HPLC建立不同批次TFCSL指纹图谱;以高浓度葡萄糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞建立氧化损伤模型,将丙二醛含量、乳酸脱氢酶含量和超氧化物歧化酶活性作为药效指标;采用灰色关联度和偏最小二乘法分析其谱-效关系确定抗氧化药效物质基础;基于网络药理学结合分子对接探究核心靶点及作用通路。从12批次TFCSL指纹图谱中确定12个共有峰,指认其中9个化学成分;各批次总黄酮样品均可减少细胞凋亡、降低丙二醛及乳酸脱氢酶含量、提高超氧化物歧化酶活性;综合2种数学模型确定峰5(芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷)、峰6(异绿原酸C)、峰7(香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷)为抗氧化物质基础;筛选出的3个活性成分作用于抗氧化应激的33个靶点;关键靶点为TNF、CASP3、EDNRA、XDH、PTGS2、MMP2,主要涉及脂质和动脉粥样硬化信号通路、IL-17信号通路、糖尿病并发症AGE-RAGE信号通路、TNF通路、MPKA通路等信号通路;分子对接结果显示活性成分与关键靶点之间均有较好的结合力。表明TFCSL抗氧化应激的物质基础可能为芹菜素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、异绿原酸C、香叶木素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷,推测通过TNF、CASP3等靶点作用动脉粥样硬化信号通路、IL17信号通路发挥作用,体现菊茎叶多成分、多靶点抗氧化的作用特点。