Connotations and Internal Cultural Meanings of Chinese Jade in Chu Culture at Pre-Qin Period

The thesis conducts its analysis fromthe perspective of cultural characteristics of Chu state of Pre-Qin period in ancient China.The culture of Chu,usually focusing on ceremony sacrifice and several other activities,presents unique characteristics of the development of Chinese society and culture.Actually,the jade artifact at that time shows cultural features both at artistic and spiritual level and bears prominent cultural connotations like national spirit of solemnness and generosity.Chinese jade of Chu state of Pre-Qin period due to its abundant cultural connotations and meanings,poses to be an essential element of traditional Chinese culture,which shows artistic and national features of traditional jade culture and can directly influence development of modern society and culture.

Hubei,the Cradle of Chu Culture

HUBEI Province is also known as Chu, because from the eleventh to third century B.C., the State of Chu rose, developed and fell here. Hubei is situated in central China and covered with some thousand lakes, since the Yangtze and Hanshui Rivers join here. It has an area of 186,000 square kilometers and a population of 54.39 million. Hubei has good soil,

Development of Chu-Han Culture and Contemporary Folk Dance in Xuzhou

Contemporary folk dance in Xuzhou is deeply influenced by Chu- Han culture,presenting some clear regional characteristics of Chu-Han culture like valuing ritual,grandeur,humanist spirit of enterprising and pursuing novelty.In order to promote the healthy development of contemporary folk dance in Xuzhou,and realize the interaction with Chu-Han culture,it is of great significance to create Chu-Han brand culture,to build dialogue mechanism with folk dancing culture in Xuzhou,to make connection with Chu- Han culture industry,and to fully express the artistic features of dance then in this area etc.

Phoenix in Chinese Culture

Phoenix, a very beautiful and popular image in China,like dragon, is an imagined and legendary animal existing only in people's mind. It is such an important component of Chinese culture that we can see a sort of phenomenon called phoenix phenomenon comes into being in Chinese culture, which deserves efforts to elaborate and whose origin is worth probing. As the totem worshipped by the ancient Chu people, phoenix also displays the basic features of Chinese culture: integratedness and inclusiveness.

Archaeology and Heritage Resource Management in Siuyu, Singida Region (Tanzania)

This paper was produced as a part of our ongoing research endeavors in Singida destined to provide a better understanding of early humans’ cultures, and to promote the conservation of cultural and natural heritages of the region. The overreaching goals of this research are to holistically reconstruct the archaeology of Singida by studying cultural processes over time and space. Equally important is to promote tourism in the Singida eastern axis and, to salvage the heritage assets of the region from total disappearance as evinced by the activities of modern day civilization, broadly, to shed more light about the past life ways, and the subsistence behaviours of our ancestors. Our recent archaeological reconnaissance conducted in January 2016 in Siuyu ward discovered rock paintings and a rock shelter with archeological potential (Ngaghe rock shelter), containing a large scatter of Later Stone Age (LSA) archaeological artifacts that are crucial to the unravelling of the prehistoric human behaviours in Singida. Preliminary results from our research revealed that Singida region is an ideal place for undertaking research on early human bio-cultural evolution from LSA times to the present. Data from this study will be utilized to re-write the history of Singida region, to make sure that it is sustained for future generations. Despite their rarity, uniqueness, scientific and aesthetic values, these heritage assets are neither protected by village nor regional by-laws. Before deliberate conservation measures are put in place, it is very important to have good records of the areas that are attractive to tourism, and their current state of preservation. These sites were undocumented by the previous researchers, and in certain circumstances are unknown even to the local people of the Siuyu ward. Although the archaeology of Singida east is much “terra incognita”, this article is timely, for promoting archaeo-tourism and raising public awareness on the archaeology of Singida. Additionally, this work provides a stimulus to the authorities to take action by introducing effective conservation measures for the sustainability of these priceless non-renewable resources.

A Motherland That One Cannot Return to An Interpretation on Song of The Chu From a Perspective of Cultural Security

Song of The Chu, a novel written by LAN Zi-- a Chinese Australian writer, recounts the struggle in Australia over 20 years （1988-2008） of a group of Chinese young people. Cultural difference or even conflict is one of the inevitable issues in terms of migration. The Chinese （Han） culture which belongs to the continental civilization and the Australian （Western） culture which belongs to the maritime one are both mighty and cannot be conquered or assimilated by each other. This means that the Chinese immigrants to Australia, compared to the ones from a less mighty culture, are more sensitive and resistant to the impact of an alien culture, which leads to a conscious or unconscious sense of security of the mother culture. Cultural security, not unidirectional, also refers to the worry by the locals of the impact brought by the immigrants. The protagonist resorts to converting to Buddhism as a solution to the cultural schizophrenia

Material Culture as Amulets:Magical Elements and the Apotropaic in Ancient Roman World

This article aims to make a brief presentation on the elements of material culture in the ancient Palestinian region,mainly coins,which were removed from their production context and placed in funerary contexts(coins were often buried in graves),thus converted in amulets,acquiring magical and apotropaic senses.We will use examples verified in different parts of the Roman Empire,as in Pithekússai(modest island,which is in the Italian Peninsula),on the banks of the Thames,in Celtic contexts,more specifically in the current city of Lezoux,France,in the ancient city of Aquincum,present day Budapest,also in Tel Maresha and Tiberias,present-day Israel,to demonstrate how these practices were recurrent throughout the Empire.It is also our intention to observe iconographic elements that bring apotropaic content in their formulations,because,in addition to the role that coins could play in connecting the worlds of men and gods,many people believed that they had the power to project magical and apotropaic strength through images powerful that they portrayed.

笔谈:数字化为文明赋彩——文物和文化遗产数字技术应用现状与实践路径

数字技术在文化遗产领域的应用已从最初的信息储存和传输,发展到数据处理分析,进而进化到今天的自动化和智能化处理与展示,在文化遗产研究、记录、保护、利用等方面起到了至关重要的作用。当前,我国基本形成覆盖文物保护工作全链条的数字化解决方案,并不断创新核心技术与设备,形成通用技术与国际并驾齐驱、特色技术引领国际潮流的发展趋势。数字技术在考古遗址三维空间信息的获取、分析、模拟、研究和展示等全过程中发挥着重要作用,为古代遗址与自然环境之间的人地关系等研究开辟了新的途径。新一代测绘技术,可实现对建成遗产三维数字形式的记录与保存,在精度、纹理、展示分析、交互以及文物古建的数字修复等方面具有不可替代的价值。通过“空间历史大数据”途径,可以打破过往人文学科与空间操作之间的知识鸿沟与技术壁垒,促进文化遗产以体系化技术操作实现“公众化”,通过文化空间实践达成未来城乡高质量发展和历史人文知识存续之间的良性互动。数字化实践在非物质文化遗产保护中的应用范围在不断扩大,已然从保存、宣传扩展到传承、振兴的层面。从全球视野审视数字化这一新兴领域的发展历程和前沿动态,文化遗产数字化面临着建立更完善的数据资源等挑战。

The Influence of Miao Nationality’s Culture in Yuan Xiang Region on the Later Poetry Creation of Qu Yuan

Miao culture is one of the minority cultures in China.It also has a certain impact on the development of Chinese literature and poetry.Chu ci is a new poetic style created by Qu Yuan,an ancient poet in China.It is the first collection of romantic poetry in the history of Chinese literature.Qu Yuan’s poetry creation is related to his life experience.Qu Yuan was exiled to Yuan Xiang region,and he had been in contact with the Miao ancestors in Yuan Xiang area during the exile.Therefore,the Miao land culture in Yuan Xiang area has a profound influence on Qu Yuan’s later poetry creation.This paper,taking Qu Yuan’s later poetry as an example,analyzes the influence of Miao culture on Chu ci in Yuan Xiang area,introduces Qu Yuan’s life and how to contact Miao culture,and probes into the influence of Miao nationality’s religious thought,customs,language and culture,oral folk song and pan song on the later poetry creation of Qu Yuan.

伏羲文化与考古学文化对证探论——以渭河上游为中心

伏羲传说是中国古史传承体系的重要内容,有其真实的历史背景,不能以“科学”“严谨”的名义对伏羲传说加以简单的否定。在古史传说体系中,伏羲是中华民族的人文始祖,代表着我国史前氏族社会的发展,文献、民俗和考古学资料共同说明,黄河中上游地区是伏羲氏族活动的主要地区,特别是渭河上游天水地区丰富的伏羲遗迹、传说,与该地域前仰韶文化、仰韶文化等在空间上相互重叠,为进一步开展伏羲传说与考古学文化对证研究提供了重要资料。在相关研究中,应当首先对伏羲传说材料进行深入辨析,甄别真伪,建立传说的文化谱系,与区域内的考古学文化谱系进行对证研究。根据大地湾、西山坪、师赵村、傅家门、圪垯川等史前遗址的考古发掘和研究,渭河上游地区以前仰韶文化和仰韶文化为主的考古学文化谱系,或为伏羲提供了可信的考古对证资料,其间可能存在着原初的“历史信息”和“历史线索”,应当引起学界高度重视。

史前考古学文化的演变与嬗变——以青海宗日遗址为中心

青海省海南州宗日遗址包含有新石器时代晚期的宗日文化、马家窑文化和青铜时代的齐家文化、卡约文化。这几种考古学文化在宗日遗址上展示出演变、进化和嬗变三种文明的起源与发展模式,为我们了解考古学文化的进程提供了丰富而生动的第一手资料。宗日文化、马家窑文化和齐家文化之间的关系由于都是以农业为主导的定居文化,所以呈现出碰撞、融汇和适应的包容关系;而卡约文化替续齐家文化时,由于完全不同的经济模式、生活方式以及社会形态,故显示出暴力的对抗和革命的关系。

“三结合”研究方法在弘扬重要农业文化遗产中的应用价值研究

历史学、民族学、考古学“三结合”研究方法乃是江应樑等老一辈学者所倡导的研究方法,相关的研究成果早已为学界同仁所熟知。而为了弘扬中国传统文化,评选、推荐中国重要农业文化遗产则是当代学界正在面对的新的研究领域。如何将这一研究思路和方法应用于弘扬重要农业文化遗产实践之中,至今尚待深入探讨。为此,以已立项保护的重要农业文化遗产为例,试用“三结合”研究方法澄清农业文化遗产的科学性和合理性,可望为弘扬中国优秀传统文化做出贡献。

陕西岐山双庵遗址2013~2014年新石器时代遗存发掘简报

2013年9月~2014年1月,北京大学考古文博学院与陕西省考古研究院、岐山县周原博物馆联合对岐山双庵遗址进行发掘,其中新石器时代遗存可分为仰韶晚期和客省庄二期两个时期,发现灰坑、房址、陶窑及灰沟等各类遗迹,出土丰富的陶、石、骨、玉等质地的遗物。此次发掘进一步丰富了双庵遗址的文化内涵,为关中地区客省庄二期文化研究提供了新的资料。

浙江宁波鱼山遗址出土木材的种属鉴定与分析

鱼山遗址是浙江省宁波市镇海区以河姆渡文化和商周时期遗存为主体的一处遗址。在2013~2015年发掘中,采集了58个木材样品。经鉴定,出土木材分别属于柏木属(Cupressus sp.)、松属(Pinus sp.)、甜槠(Castanopsis eyrei)、青冈属(Cyclobalanopsis sp.)等15个属或种。研究表明,鱼山先民主要利用遗址周边的树木资源,而且松属、青冈属木材在先民生活中有重要作用,被广泛用作建材和生活用器用材;青冈属为代表的壳斗科树木在河姆渡文化、良渚文化时期可能是先民的食物资源而得到了先民的保护;先民选用甜槠制作木屐,利用榉属、糙叶树属、柿属木材修筑木构通道,利用青冈、甜槠制作木陀螺;在遗址区域发现了古松树遗存,可能是先民自然神信仰的体现。鱼山先民在木材利用上体现了就地取材、因材施用的特点,为探讨宁绍平原史前树木资源利用模式提供了新材料。

艺术考古视角下的仰韶文化半坡类型分期

艺术考古依据艺术发展的一般规律展开研究,在分期研究上可以形成不同于考古类型学的新的认识。从该视角出发重新审视仰韶文化半坡类型的彩陶材料,根据其彩陶纹饰的先后发展序列以及纹饰风格的发展规律,可以重建半坡类型的发展阶段(将姜寨一期的文化特征视为半坡类型的开始),并由此揭示仰韶文化早期各个阶段的文化特征。艺术考古方法作为一种新的研究手段,更关注艺术图像和风格的变化及其关联因素,有助于深入理解史前社会的性质和文化特性。

襄阳邓城区域周代考古学文化的嬗变

以邓城城址为中心的邓城区域发掘了自西周中期至战国晚期的30余处考古学文化遗存,其文化面貌分别在春秋早、中期之际和战国中、晚期之际经历了两次突变,各以楚灭邓、秦拔邓为标志。同时,文化的突变也伴随着文化的渐变,并经历了文化交流、影响到主体文化控制的变化过程。此外,不同时期的文化面貌还与统治者及其治下的人群族属相关。

由物象到寓象:楚式青铜鼎文化基因的鼎新与守俗

楚式青铜鼎作为楚国造物艺术的典型代表,蕴含着楚文化的深厚内涵,继承与延续着楚文化基因。本文基于文化结构层次理论对楚式青铜鼎进行“物象、法象、寓象”的结构梳理,尝试总结“鼎新”与“守俗”的楚文化基因,并从“意象创新”与“制度僭越”的角度进行阐释。通过构建一个全面、多元、特色的楚文化知识体系逻辑框架,为楚式青铜鼎的研究和传承提供了理论基础。

论西藏带柄铜镜的东、西两系

西藏发现过多面青铜带柄铜镜,近年来也有新的传世品被发现。这些青铜镜的发现,反映了西藏在早期文明发展过程中与周边文化之间多方面的交流。总体上看,可将现有的西藏带柄铜镜分为东、西两系,在流行时代、流行地域上各有特点。青铜带柄镜在北方欧亚草原文化、南亚及中亚地区青铜时代遗存中也多有发现,中国西南和西北地区也曾流行过不同形制的带柄铜镜,其背后隐藏着不同族群之间在青藏高原通过“高原丝绸之路”流动与交往的历史背景,也是青铜时代至早期铁器时代不同区域考古学文化之间远距离、跨区域互动的一个生动例证。

南音管乐器考略

作为中国古代传统音乐文化的活化石,泉州南音已有上千年的历史。南音洞管、品管、嗳仔指、笙管相较于其他传统乐种具有鲜明的独特性,对南音不同艺术风格的形成和定型有着深刻的影响。运用文物与文献相结合的方法对南音管乐器进行整体性考察研究,是深入揭示南音历史变迁、艺术特征、表演技艺不可替代的重要途径。