Interactions of Copper, Evaporite, and Organic Matter and Genesis of Sandstone-Hosted Copper Deposits in the Chuxiong Basin, Yunnan Province

Studies on organic geochemistry indicate that the origin, type and maturity of organic matter are different among coal-bearing, copper-bearing and evaporite formations in the Mesozoic continental Chuxiong Basin, Yunnan, China. A mechanism has been proposed that (1) during the diagenetic mineralization stage the short-chain organic acids dervied from kerogen played an important role in remobilizing copper from source beds, while oils acted as important carrier of copper, and that (2) during the transformation or remolding mineralization stage, meteoric water leached the evaporite layers and formed downward-percolating oxidizing SO42-rich fluids; meanwhile, the copper-bearing fluids migrating upwards along growth faults from the basement was contaminated by the coal-bearing series on the way and formed reducing organic-rich fluids; oxidation-reduction occurred and sulfides formed when the two kinds of fluids met within sandstones.

Crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios beneath the Chuxiong-Simao Basin in the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau

In the Southeast Margin of the Tibetan Plateau, low-velocity sedimentary layers that would significantly affect the accuracy of the H-κ stacking of receiver functions are widely distributed.In this study, we use teleseismic waveform data of 475 events from 97 temporary broadband seismometers deployed by ChinArray Phase I to obtain crustal thicknesses and Poisson's ratios within the Chuxiong-Simao Basin and adjacent area, employing an improved method in which the receiver functions are processed through a resonance-removal filter, and the H-κ stacking is time-corrected.Results show that the crustal thickness ranges from 30 to 55 km in the study area, reaching its thickest value in the northwest and thinning toward southwest, southeast and northeast.The apparent variation of crustal thickness around the Red River Fault supports the view of southeastern escape of the Tibetan Plateau.Relatively thin crustal thickness in the zone between Chuxiong City and the Red River Fault indicates possible uplift of mantle in this area.The positive correlation between crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio is likely to be related to lower crust thickening.Comparison of results obtained from different methods shows that the improved method used in our study can effectively remove the reverberation effect of sedimentary layers.

Thermal evolution characteristics of Triassic coal in Chuxiong Basin and its geological significance

Chuxiong Basin in Yunnan is a typical Mesozoic foreland basin which is enriched in widely distributed Triassic coal resources with thick deposits and of important strategic significance. By applying vitrinite reflectance measurement, inclusion thermometry, fission track dating and EASY% Ro numerical simulation, the Triassic coal thermal evolution history of the Chuxiong Basin was analyzed, and the results were concluded. The vitrinite reflectance of Chuxiong Basin is higher in the west and south in general.Vertically, in the east, west, and north of the basin, the vitrinite reflectance increases with increasing depth, and in the northern part, exceptionally high values occur, and there is no significant regularity in the east. The formation of inclusions inside quartz veins in Chuxiong Basin Triassic coal are unrelated with magmatic hydrothermal fluid, and there are multi-phase inclusions formed in three or four sections of tectonic movements. The main heating period(apparent age) of the Triassic coal is concentrated in the late Cenozoic, during which the coal was subjected to repeated thermal disturbance, resulting in a multimodal distribution of the fission track data, which reveals mild burial features of the early stages of the Late Cenozoic. The Triassic coal of Chuxiong Basin has experienced two major temperature increasing processes, which occurred in the early-mid Yanshan and the early Himalayan, respectively. The first hydrocarbon generation period of coal organic matter occurred in the formation stage of the foreland basin, during which the south and west of the basin generated large amounts of hydrocarbon, but little was preserved. The second generation stage in the Early Himalayan had conditions suitable for high gas accumulation, especially in the western and southern regions. The upper Triassic coal is of moderate burial depth and is less affected by the strike-slip effect. There are key areas of Chuxiong Basin oil and gas exploration, such as the Yanfeng Basin in the north-central, Yongren and Yunlong areas.

Late Quaternary Activity of the Chuxiong-Nanhua Fault and the 1680 Chuxiong Ms6 3/4 Earthquake

In this paper,according to the results of the satellite imagery interpretation and field investigation,we study the active features and the latest active times of the ChuxiongNanhua fault,the Quaternary basins formation mechanism,and the relationship between the fault and the 1680 Chuxiong M_S6 3/4earthquake. Several Quaternary profiles at Lvhe,Nanhua reveal that the fault has offset the late Pleistocene deposits of the T2 and T3 terraces of Longchuan river, indicating that the fault was obviously active in late Quaternary. The Chuxiong-Nanhua fault has been dominated by dextral strike slip motion in the late Quaternary,with an average rate of 1. 6-2. 0 mm/a. Several pull apart Quaternary basins of Chuxiong,Nanhua,and Ziwu etc. have developed along the fault.The 1680 Chuxiong M_S6 3/4earthquake and several moderate earthquakes have occurred near the fault. The Chuxiong-Nanhua fault are the seismogenic structure of those earthquakes,the latest fault movement was in the late-Pleistocene,and even the Holocene.In large area,the Chuxiong-Nanhua fault and the eastern Qujiang fault and the Shiping fault composed a set of NW-trending oblique orientation active faults,and the motion characteristics are all mainly dextral strike slip. The motion characteristics,like the red river fault of the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block southwestern boundary,are concerned with the escaping movement of the Sichuan-Yunnan Rhombic Block.

The Major Recessive Calamities Affecting the Wheat Production in Chuxiong Prefecture and Control Countermeasures

The impact of recessive calamities was analyzed,including seasonal drought,cold injury,dry hot wind and aphid in the wheat production of Chuxiong Prefecture,and the countermeasures that prevented and controlled the recessive calamities in a target-oriented way were proposed,including the improvement of basic farmland,the application of organic manure,the promotion of the breed with high stress resistance,the seedling at suitable date,the improvement of control on fertilizing and watering,the enhancement of management on cultivating and controlling disease in time,and the breeding new variety adaptive to local ecosystem,in order to advance the wheat production in a sustainable way.

铸牢中华民族共同体意识的民族节庆机制探析——以楚雄火把节为例

民族节庆符号是一个文化复合体,以其多元的文化底蕴发挥着多重资源性功能而成为一笔铸牢中华民族共同体意识的德育资源。火把节是楚雄的传统民族节日,在推进民族团结进步事业,铸牢中华民族共同体意识的时代背景下,地方党委政府赋予其新的时代内涵,将其建设为民族交往交流交融的平台。节庆活动中强调参与者的多元性,文化的多样性和共享性,努力推动构建各民族相互嵌入式的经济共同体、政治共同体、文化共同体、社会共同体和情感共同体,在此基础上提升铸牢中华民族共同体意识的成效。因此楚雄火把节在铸牢中华民族共同体意识方面的经验和智慧具有较好的启发意义。

楚雄市洪涝灾害特征及应急管理分析

基于1991~2020年的降水量资料,利用Z指数与小波分析等对楚雄市洪涝灾害的特征进行分析,发现楚雄市洪涝灾害时有发生,呈周期性波动变化,近30年有8年发生洪涝灾害,具有12年的主周期。对楚雄市洪涝灾害应急管理现状进行调查研究,利用PPRR理论从准备、预防、响应和恢复四个阶段对楚雄市洪涝灾害应急管理进行分析,找出目前楚雄市洪涝灾害应急管理体系存在的问题,提出优化措施,为提高楚雄市洪涝灾害防灾减灾能力提供科学依据。

‘硃砂2号’和‘NC297’在楚雄烟区的适应性分析

为应对云南楚雄烟区烤烟品种单一与适应性退化现象等问题,选定楚雄州永仁县猛虎乡为试验点,进行‘硃砂2号’和‘NC297’烤烟品种的适应性分析,以‘K326’为对照进行品种比较试验,调查分析不同烤烟品种的农艺性状、光合特性、病害发生情况、经济性状、化学成分等指标。结果表明,相比于‘K326’,‘NC297’的大田生育期延长2 d,‘硃砂2号’缩短3 d;农艺性状整体以‘硃砂2号’最优;‘硃砂2号’的光合指标较好,其净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率分别比‘K326’提高7.25μmol/(m^(2)·s)、0.19 mol/(m^(2)·s)、1.88 mmol/(m^(2)·s);病害方面,‘硃砂2号’和‘NC297’的田间自然发病率均低于‘K326’;‘硃砂2号’的原烟颜色表现为特有的“硃砂色”,与‘K326’相比,‘硃砂2号’的油分充足、产值提高2473.5元/hm^(2)、中上等烟比例提高1.7%,整体表现出最佳的原烟外观质量和经济性状;‘硃砂2号’、‘NC297’的化学成分协调性均优于‘K326’,其中整体以‘硃砂2号’表现最优。本试验条件下,‘硃砂2号’的生态适应性最强,品质特性较好,具备在楚雄烟区推广种植的潜力。

大姚六苴铜矿床成矿作用及找矿标志

大姚六苴铜矿区位于楚雄盆地东部,是典型的砂岩型铜矿床。该矿床矿体主要赋存于下白垩统高峰寺组凹地苴段和上白垩统马头山组六苴段下亚段的灰色长石石英砂岩中。矿体多呈层状、透镜状,与地层产状一致。矿床成矿地质体为高孔隙度岩石组合+构造+盆地流体。S-H-O同位素结果显示成矿流体主要为盆地流体。褪色化长石石英砂岩、褶皱构造+断裂构造和地球化学异常可以作为该矿床的主要找矿标志。喜山运动形成大雪山背斜,在东西向挤压应力驱动下,还原性成矿流体由深部向大雪山背斜轴部运移,沿着流体运移方向,其流体温度、压力、性质等物理化学参数不断变化,形成黄铜矿、斑铜矿和辉铜矿等硫化物。

滇中楚雄盆地龙川镇富稀土煌斑岩地球化学特征及其地质意义

煌斑岩一般以小规模岩脉、岩墙等形式产出于不同的构造环境中,是认识大陆岩石圈地幔成分和深部作用过程最直接的样品,对研究地幔演化及壳幔相互作用具有重要意义。同时,煌斑岩的形成通常与矿有关,在扬子西缘沿金沙江—红河断裂带广泛分布新生代富碱斑岩,但其形成矿种主要为斑岩型Cu-Au矿床和造山型Au矿床,很少有稀土矿的报道。稀土元素作为“工业维生素”.

滇西祥云地区早侏罗世地层发现恐龙新墓地

1938年,云南许氏禄丰龙的发现拉开了云南侏罗纪恐龙研究、发掘的序幕,恐龙化石的发现地从云南禄丰一带向外延展,陆续在云南晋宁、元谋姜驿、云南易门夕阳、武定万德、双柏安龙堡等地报道,但目前恐龙化石的报道均集中在楚雄盆地的中部及东部,而楚雄盆地的西部地区未有报道。笔者等通过全面系统的古生物化石调查,在滇西祥云地区下侏罗统冯家河组首次发现恐龙骨胳化石产地,对该新化石产地开展初步化石剖面调查和修理,共发现有5层恐龙化石富集层,部分化石保存较为完整,未经过长距离搬运,以原地埋藏保存为主,骨胳化石主要有肠骨、椎体、坐骨及肱骨等。这一发现拓宽了云南恐龙化石的分布范围,填补了楚雄盆地西部无恐龙化石的空白,丰富了云南早侏罗世恐龙化石库,为楚雄盆地西部古环境演化及地层对比提供了重要的古生物化石研究素材。

The metallogenic mechanism of the sandstone-type copper deposits in the Chuxiong Basin, Yunnan Province

The sandstone-type Cu deposits in the Chuxiong Basin occur in the Cretaceous Gaofengsi Formation and the Maotoushan Formation and the orebodies are stratoid and lenticular in form, structurally controlled by their stratigraphical position. Ore structures are dominated by impregnated and striped ones. In addition, it has been observed that copper mineralization is controlled by water-discharge and deformation structures. Orebodies are commonly seen on the gently inclined limbs of the anticline, with the involution front. Copper mineralization shows a distinct zonation. S, Pb isotope and REE data suggest that the copper would stem from the country rocks and the sulfur largely from the lower strata. During diagenesis oxidized Cu-bearing brines derived from the upper parts and reduced brines from the lower parts are involved in metallogenetic reactions in the stress neutral plane, which is the key to the formation of copper deposits in the Chuxiong Basin.

青藏高原东南部楚雄盆地构造-热演化史及其与油气关系

青藏高原东南部是构造最为活跃、变形最强烈的地区之一.楚雄盆地作为青藏高原东南部重要的中生代含油气叠合盆地,其演化历史复杂,后期改造强烈,热演化史研究薄弱.恢复楚雄盆地构造-热演化史对系统评价盆地油气资源和深入认识青藏高原东南部的构造变形过程有重要意义.本文研究在楚雄盆地全盆地系统采集了裂变径迹样品,分析确定了盆地的抬升过程,结合大量镜质体反射率(RO)、包裹体测温等古温标,系统恢复了楚雄盆地构造-热演化史.裂变径迹研究结果表明楚雄断裂以西靠近哀牢山—红河断裂带地区的冷却年龄在41.9~72.7 Ma之间,主要为始新世41.9~55.5 Ma;楚雄断裂以东冷却年龄在20.0~38.4 Ma之间,主要为渐新世-早中新世.楚雄盆地抬升过程总体具有西早东晚的特征,主体部位20~38.4 Ma以来有一次快速抬升冷却过程.楚雄盆地三叠系热演化程度高,RO异常高值与火成岩活动密切相关.热演化史研究表明三叠系最大古地温在上新世之前达到,最高古地温梯度可达30℃·km^(-1).三叠系烃源岩在侏罗纪开始生烃,白垩纪为主要生烃期,古新世-始新世主要为过成熟生干气阶段.渐新世以来盆地整体抬升,地层温度降低,生烃作用减弱.楚雄盆地构造-热演化史除了受火成岩影响外,还与印度和欧亚板块的碰撞及哀牢山—红河断裂带的活动密切相关.

云南楚雄彝族自治州洪涝风险评估

利用降水资料、地形资料与社会经济数据,建立楚雄彝族自治州(以下简称楚雄州)洪涝风险评估体系及评估模型.运用层次分析法计算出各个洪涝指标的权重值,再用加权综合评价法建立各影响因子模型,并用GIS(Geographic Information System)软件对数据结果制图,对致涝因子危险性、孕涝因子敏感性和承涝因子脆弱性3个指标进行分析,得到楚雄州洪涝风险的危险性、敏感性、脆弱性和综合风险评估指数.结果表明:楚雄州致涝因子危险性最高的是双柏县,危险性值是0.575,危险性最低的区域是元谋县,危险性值是0.067;楚雄州孕涝因子敏感性较高的是元谋县,敏感性值是0.392,敏感性最低的是双柏县,敏感性值是0.074;楚雄州承涝因子脆弱性最高的区域是双柏县,脆弱性值是0.194,脆弱性最低的区域是楚雄市,脆弱性值是0.011.洪涝风险综合评估的最高风险区域主要是双柏县,风险指数是0.437,最低风险的区域主要是元谋县,风险指数是0.137.

云南高原山地区域干旱灾害风险评估——以楚雄州为例

利用1989~2018年楚雄州各县市的逐月降水资料、DEM高程数据、社会经济数据,从干旱灾害的致灾因子危险性、孕灾因子脆弱性、承灾体易损性和防灾减灾能力四大影响因子出发,选取了自然因素和人文因素中的13个二级指标,构建起了楚雄州干旱灾害风险评估体系,结合干旱灾害风险评估模型对楚雄州干旱灾害进行评估。研究表明,楚雄州干旱灾害致灾因子危险性分布是东部低南北部高;孕灾因子脆弱性的分布表现为自南向北增高;承灾体易损性的分布表现为自西北向东南增高;防灾减灾能力的分布表现为以楚雄市为中心,向四周降低;综合风险性为南北高,中部和东部低。

楚雄古诗词用韵研究——以《楚雄历代诗文选》为例

任何方言的语音系统用历史的观点去透视都不是单纯的系统,而是叠置的系统,都有不同历史时代的语音成分的沉积。《楚雄历代诗文选》是楚雄州古诗文史上比较具代表性典籍,收录了从隋唐到近代有关楚雄或楚雄文人的诗歌,分析其诗词用韵,可窥视到楚雄文化的发展,特别时各时期的汉语方言的演变状况。

云南楚雄哀牢山地区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量和分布

2020年11—12月,采用访问调查和鸣声定位法对云南省哀牢山楚雄彝族自治州(简称:楚雄州)辖区(包括哀牢山国家级自然保护区楚雄州辖区及周边国有林区)西黑冠长臂猿(Nomascus concolor)的种群数量和分布进行了实地调查。调查结果显示哀牢山楚雄州辖区现有西黑冠长臂猿61群和14只独猿(约270只),其中11群分布于自然保护区外的国有林中。绝大部分群体(59群)分布于楚雄市片区中部向南至双柏县片区,呈现区域聚集性分布现状;有2群分布于楚雄市片区北部,有向边缘隔离小种群发展的趋势;南华片区本次调查及随后的调查均未发现长臂猿群体的存在,仅通过访问得知有一独猿。哀牢山楚雄州辖区现有西黑冠长臂猿种群数量较2005年第一次调查(39群)增加了22群,然而中北段西黑冠长臂猿面临隔离小种群和人为干扰等因素的威胁。基于辖区西黑冠长臂猿种群数量与分布,提出种群动态监测、小种群巡护监测、栖息地调查评估与恢复及自然保护区外的托管等保护与管理措施。

基于面向对象CART决策树的土地利用分类研究

面向对象的CART决策树分类方法可解决目前流行的监督分类、非监督分类以及模糊分类方法中“同物异谱、异物同谱”引发的漏分、错分问题。该方法融入了形状和纹理特征进行分类,同时运用二级分类体系解决了相似地物因光谱、纹理不同而导致的地物错分问题,分类效果较好。利用楚雄市鹿城镇2013年GF-1号遥感影像进行土地利用分类。结果表明:(1)基于光谱、形状和纹理信息选取的19个特征变量开展面向对象的CART决策树分类,总体精度可达90.22%,其中林地分类的效果最好;(2)二级分类体系解决了耕地、裸地因光谱、纹理特征多样而产生的地物错分问题,总体精度提高了7.06%,Kappa系数提高了8.17%。

铝胁迫下楚雄南苜蓿的生理响应

【目的】探究楚雄南苜蓿(Medicago polymorpha L.‘Chuxiong’)在铝胁迫下的生理响应。【方法】在酸性条件下(pH=5),将楚雄南苜蓿种子分别培养在不同铝离子(Al^(3+))质量浓度的Hogland营养液中,生长15 d后对种子萌发、根系生长、幼苗渗透调节系统、丙二醛含量和活性氧系统等指标进行测量。【结果】随着Al^(3+)质量浓度的增加,楚雄南苜蓿的发芽率、发芽势、根系体积和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均逐渐下降,根鲜质量、根长、根系含水量以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈先上升后下降的趋势。Al^(3+)质量浓度为500 mg/L时,楚雄南苜蓿的根系含水量以及幼苗叶片中SOD和POD活性达到最大;当Al^(3+)质量浓度达到700 mg/L时,可严重抑制楚雄南苜蓿的生长、种子的萌发以及SOD和POD活性,同时积累大量的丙二醛、可溶性糖和脯氨酸。【结论】楚雄南苜蓿具有较强的耐铝毒能力,可在Al^(3+)质量浓度低于700 mg/L的酸性土壤中推广种植。

云南省楚雄州森林资源特点分析与林业发展建议

基于楚雄州2020年森林资源主要指标监测报告,对全州森林资源进行总结与剖析,归纳全州森林资源特点,结合上一期森林资源规划设计调查成果数据,对森林资源动态变化进行简要评价。同时,针对全州森林资源情况提出加强森林保护和退化林修复,提升森林资源总量和功能;提升林政执法队伍建设,加大森林资源保护力度;推进重点区域生态修复,助力最美彝乡建设;加快产业发展,助推乡村振兴;积极开发利用林副产品资源,大力发展森林旅游等对策和建议,以期为楚雄州林业发展提供借鉴。