Effect of Viscous Dissipation (Φ) on Temperature Distribution of Blood Plasma in Presence of a Magnetic Field

Applications of heat transfer show the variations in temperature of the body which is helpful for the purpose of thermal therapy in the treatment of tumor glands. This study considered theoretical approaches in analyzing the effect of viscous dissipation on temperature distribution on the flow of blood plasma through an asymmetric arterial segment. The plasma was considered to be unsteady, laminar and an incompressible fluid through non-uniform arterial segment in a two-dimensional flow. Numerical schemes developed for the coupled partial differential equations governing blood plasma were solved using Finite Difference scheme (FDS). With the aid of the finite difference approach and the related boundary conditions, results for temperature profiles were obtained. The study determined the effect of viscous dissipation on temperature of blood plasma in arteries. The equations were solved using MATLAB softwares and results were presented graphically and in tables. The increase in viscous dissipation tends to decrease blood plasma heat distribution. This study will find important application in hospitals.

Modulatory effect of pineapple peel extract on lipid peroxidation,catalase activity and hepatic biomarker levels in blood plasma of alcoholinduced oxidative stressed rats

Objective:To investigate the ability of the methanolic extract of pineapple peel to modulate alcohol-induced lipid peroxidation,changes in catalase activities and hepatic biochemical marker levels in blood plasma.Methods:Oxidative stress was induced by oral administration of ethanol(20%w/v) at a dosage of 5 niL/kg bw in rats.After 28 days of treatment,the rats were fasted overnight and sacrificed by cervical dislocation.Blood was collected with a 2 mL syringe by cardiac puncture and was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 min.The plasma was analyzed to evaluate malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase activity,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT) concentrations.Results:Administration of alcohol caused a drastic increase(87.74%) in MDA level compared with the control.Pineapple peel extract significantly reduced the MDA level by 60.16%at 2.S mL/kg bw.Rats fed alcohol only had the highest catalase activity,treatment with pineapple peel extract at 2.5 mL/kg bw however, reduced the activity.Increased AST,ALP and ALT activities were observed in rats fed alcohol only respectively,treatment with pineapple peel extract drastically reduced their activities. Conclusions:The positive modulation of lipid peroxidation,catalase activities as well as hepatic biomarker levels of blood plasma by the methanolic extract of pineapple peels under alcoholinduced oxidative stress is an indication of its protective ability in the management of alcoholinduced toxicity.

Study on Effect of Gd (III) Speciation on Ca (II) Speciationin Human Blood Plasma by Computer Simulation

Ca (II) speciation and effect of Gd (III) speciation on Ca (II) speciation in human blood plasma were studied by computer simulation. [CaHCO3](-) is a predominant compound species of Ca (II). Gd (III) can compete with Ca (II) for biological molecules. The presence of Gd (III) results in a increase of concentration of free Ca (II) and a decrease of concentration of Ca (II) compounds.

Pulsed cold plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in stanching bleeding during rat hepatectomy

This paper presents plasma-induced blood coagulation and its pilot application in rat hepatectomy by using a home-made pulsed cold plasma jet. Experiments were conducted on blood coagulation in vitro, the influence of plasma on tissue in vivo, and the pilot application of rat hepatectomy. Experimental results show that the cold plasma can lead to rapid blood coagulation. Compared with the control sample, the plasma-induced agglomerated layer of blood is thicker and denser, and is mostly composed of broken platelets. When the surface of the liver was treated by plasma, the influence of the plasma can penetrate into the liver to a depth of about 500 μm. During the rat hepatectomy, cold plasma was proved to be effective for stanching bleeding on incision. No obvious bleeding was found in the abdominal cavities of all six rats 48 h after the hepatectomy. This implies that cold plasma can be an effective modality to control bleeding during surgical operation.

Clinical Observation on Influence of Chinese Medicines for Promoting Blood Circulation to Remove Blood Stasis on FIB and DD in Plasma of Patients with Cerebral Thrombosis

to study the influence of Chinese medicines for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis on fibrinogen(FIB)and D-dimer(DD)in plasma of patients with cerebral thrombosis. Method:73 inpatients with acute cerebral thrombosis were randomly divided into a control group of 34 cases and a treatment group of 39 cases.The content of FIB and DD in plasma was detected before treatment and on the 7th and 14th days after treatment.Result:FIB content in plasma after treatment was lower than that before treatment in the control group(P<0.01)and more remarkable in the treatment group(P<0.001).There was an obvious difference in DD content before and after treatment in both groups.DD content on the 7th and 14th days after treatment in the treatment group was obviously higher than that in the control group(P<0.01 and P<0.05 respectively). Conclusion:Chinese medicines for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis can reduce the FIB content in plasma of patients with cerebral thrombosis,raise the DD content in plasma, cause the peak of DD content appear earlier and obviously improve hypercoagulability of blood in patients with cerebral thrombosis.

Hepatitis G Viral RNA Co-infection in Plasma and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Patients with Hepatitis C

The incidence of the co-infection of hepatitis G virus (HGV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and its clinical implication was investigated and the difference in the positive rate of HGV RNA and HCV RNA between plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) observed. By using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay, HCV-RNA and HGV-RNA in plasma and PBMCs of 72 patients with hepatitis C was detected. It was showed that HGV RNA was positive in plasma of 11 patients, in PBMCs of 15 patients, and simultaneously in both of plasma and PBMCs of 10 patients with the co-infection rate being 22.2 %. Nine patients were both HGV RNA and HCV RNA positive in plasma, 11 patients were both HGV RNA and HCV RNA positive in PBMC, and 6 patients were both HGV RNA and HCV RNA positive in both plasma and PBMC with the positive rate being 12.4 %,15.3 % and 8.3 % respectively. The positive rate of both HGV RNA and HCV RNA in PBMCs was higher than in plasma. It was concluded that the HGV co-infection rate in the patients with hepatitis C was 22.2 %. Simultaneous examination of plasma and PBMC can improve clinically detectable rate.

Modelling of the relationship between systolic blood pressure and glucose with the magnesium ion present in the blood plasma: an approach using artificial neural networks

Artificial neural networks became an attractive alternative for modeling and simulation of com- plex biological systems. In the present work, a blood plasma model based on artificial neural networks was proposed in order to evaluate the relationship between the magnesium ion pre-sent in the blood plasma and systolic blood pressure and glucose. Experimental and simu- lated data were used to construct and validate the model. It performed the analysis consider-ing the systolic blood pressure and glucose as a function of magnesium ion concentration at a fixed temperature (37oC). Predictions of these relationships through the proposed model produced errors, on average, below 1% com-pared against experimental data not presented in the training step. The proposed methodology revealed quantitative results and correctly pre-dicted behaviors and trends towards the asso-ciation between magnesium concentrations and systolic blood pressure, and glucose in far agreement with experimental results from lit-erature. These results indicated that artificial neural networks can successfully learn the complexity of the relationships among bio-logical parameters of distinct groups and can be used as a complementary tool to assist studies in which the role of magnesium in systolic blood pressure and glucose are con-sidered.

Plasma and Red Blood Cells Concentration Profiles of Ktamine after Single Intravenous Administration in an Anaesthetic Protocol in Horses

The aim of this study was to describe the concentration profile of ketamine in plasma and red blood cells following an intravenous (IV) bolus in the horse. Ten healthy standardbred horses (two males and height females) 7.7 ± 4.6 (mean value ± SD) years old and weighting 380 ± 21 kg (mean value ± SD) were recruited. The horses were premedicated with acepromazine (0.04 mg·kg-1·IV). Fifteen minutes later they received romifidine (0.08 mg·kg-1·IV), and 5 minutes after they were administered midazolam (0.06 mg·kg-1·IV). Immediately, anaesthesia was induced by ketamine (2.2 mg·kg-1·IV). Venous blood samples were collected at scheduled time points. Plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) concentration of ketamine was assayed using a high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC/UV-DAD). The high mean recovery rates, the high sensitivity, the good linearity, suggest a clinical applicability of the analytical method. A bicompartmental model resulted as the most appropriate to describe the ketamine concentration—time profile for both plasma and RBCs. The fitted regression line between ketamine plasma concentrations and RBC concentrations supports the good correlation between ketamine concentrations in plasma and in RBCs. The kinetic parameters of ketamine calculated for RBC are equal or very similar to the plasma ones. The study confirms the kinetic behaviour of ketamine used in the horse as anaesthetic inducers in routine surgery. Finally, the bicompartmental model well describes the ketamine profile also in RBCs, that it is very close to the plasma profile, underlining the great importance of RBCs as blood subcompartment.

THE FEASIBILITIES OF USING THE STATISTICAL,FRACTAL AND SINGULAR PROCESSING OF HOMINAL BLOOD PLASMA PHASE IMAGES DURING THE DIAGNOSTICS AND DIFFERENTIATION OF MAMMARY GLAND PATHOLOGICAL STATES

Performed in this work are complex statistical,fractal and singular analyses of phase properties inherent to birefringence networks of protein crystals consisting of optically-thin layers prepared from blood plasma.Within the framework of a statistical approach,the authors have investigated values and ranges for changes of statistical moments of thefirst to the fourth orders that characterize coordinate distributions for phase shifts between orthogonal components of amplitudes inherent to laser radiation transformed by blood plasma with various pathologies.In the framework of the fractal approach,determined are the dimensions of self-similar coordinate phase distributions as well as features of transformation of logarithmic dependences for power spectra of these distributions for various types of hominal mammary gland pathologies.

Effects of kidney-tonifying and blood circulation-promoting recipes and platelet-rich plasma on the activity and expression of type I collagen

Objective:To observe the effects of kidney-tonifying and blood circulation-promoting recipes and platelet-rich plasma(PRP)on the activity and expression of type I collagen in co-culture system.Methods:The subcutaneous adipose tissue and degenerative nucleus pulposus tissue of patients with nucleus pulposus removal under lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration were isolated and cultured by multiple enzyme digestion methods to establish a co-culture system of ADSCs/NPCs.Patients with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration were enrolled for 2 weeks.The venous blood was taken 50mL before the first dose and one hour after the last dose.Platelet-rich plasma was prepared by secondary centrifugation and cultured with different plasma.The experiment was divided into five groups:platelet-rich plasma group(PRP),platelet-poor plasma group(PPP),drug-rich platelet-rich plasma group(M-PRP)and drug-poor platelet plasma group(M-PPP),fetal bovine serum group(FBS).The morphological changes of the cells in each group were observed under an inverted microscope.The changes of type I collagen activity were detected by immunofluorescence assay.The expression of CCOL1A1 gene was detected by RT-PCR two weeks after the intervention.Results:In this study,the results of kidney-tonifying and blood circulation-promoting recipes and PRP group intervention were shown.The results of the group intervention showed that the M-PRP group and the PRP group had clearer cell contours and better refractive index than the other groups,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of cells in PRP group and M-PRP group was higher,but the staining intensity of single cells was significantly lower than that in FBS group.RT-PCR results showed that the expression of COL1A1 mRNA in PPP group,PRP group,M-PRP group and M-PPP group was significantly down-regulated(P<0.05),respectively:0.343±0.040,0.294±0.018,0.310±0.022,0.430±0.020.Conclusions:Kidney-tonifying and blood circulation-promoting recipes combined with platelet-rich plasma can decrease the activity and exhibit a tendency to inhibit the expression of type I collagen.

Comparison of the level of thrombus precursor protein in blood plasma between patients with acute cerebral infarction and healthy persons at different time

BACKGROUND： Thrombus precursor protein （TpP） is the index of thrombus activity level, and it is also early referencing index in detecting thrombus diseases. OBJECTIVE： To dynamically observe the changes of TpP level in blood plasma of patients with acute cerebral infarction at different time after onset, and to compare the differences of plasma TpP level between patients with acute cerebral infarction and healthy persons who received health examination. DESIGN： Controlled observation SETTING： Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College PARTICIPANTS： Totally 58 patients with acute cerebral infarction who received the treatment in the Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College between September 2004 and March 2005 were recruited in this study. They all met the diagnostic criteria revised by the 4^th National Conference of Cerebrovascular Disorders in 1995 and were diagnosed by clinical and skull CT and （or） MRI examinations. The patients included 33 male and 25 female aged from 36 to 87 years. Time to onset 〈 6 hours, 6 to 11 hours, 12 to 23 hours, 24 to 48 hours and 〉 48 hours were found in 10,11,14,10 and 13 patients respectively. Another 51 persons who homeochronously received the health body examination in our hospital were recruited, including 34 male and 17 female, aged 38 to 85 years, serving as control group. Patients with cardio-cerebrovascualr diseases or liver and kidney diseases were excluded. All the involved subjects were informed of the detected items. METHODS： About 4 mL venous blood was respectively taken from patients admitted to the hospital within 6 hours, 6 toll hours, 12 to 23 hours, 24 to 48 hours and more then 48 hours after onset, and healthy persons when receiving health examination. The level of TpP in blood plasma was measured with enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Comparison of the level of plasma TpP between patients and controls;② Comparison of the level of plasma TpP of patients with acute cerebral infarction at different time after onset. RESULTS： Totally 58 patients with acute cerebral infarction and 51 persons who received health examination participated in the result analysis. ①Comparison of plasma TpP level between patients and controls： The plasma TpP level of patients with acute cerebral infarction was significantly higher than that of control group [（16.12±3.28）vs （5.38±1.36） mg/L, t= 20.993, P〈 0.01 ]. ② Comparison of plasma TpP level of patients with acute cerebral infarction at different time after onset： The level of plasma TpP was （12.06±3.06） mg/L within 6 hours, （15.11±3.42） mg/L at 6 to 11 hours, （20.63±4.05） mg/L at 12 to 23 hours, （16.15±3.50） mg/L at 24 to 48 hours and （11.88±3.11） mg/L at more than 48 hours after onset. It increased from the 6^th hour, reached the peak at the 12^th to 23^rd hours, maintained at very high level at the 48= hour and then gradually decreased and recovered to the level within 6 hours after onset. The level of plasma TpP of patients with acute cerebral infarction was signiticantly higher at the 12^th to 23^rd hours after onset and the 24^th to 48^th hours after onset than within 6 hours after onset （t = 13.385, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： ①The level of plasma TpP of patients with acute cerebral infarction is significantly higher than that of persons who received health examination.② Plasma TpP levels of patients with acute cerebral infarction change in wave manner at the different time after onset.

血液成分二次制备后相关参数变化

目的 对成分血二次制备后的相关参数变化进行研究,旨在进一步提升血液成分产品质量。方法 选择不同的离心条件用于初次成分血去白细胞悬浮红细胞的制备,并对其进行质量检测,然后以去白细胞悬浮红细胞为二次制备的起始血液,通过ACP215红细胞处理系统去制备机制洗涤红细胞成分血,并对其进行质量检测,通过对成分血制备参数的变化进行观察研究比较,并从中进行优化调整。结果 不同的离心条件所带来的离心效果相当时,所分离制备的去白细胞悬浮红细胞和冰冻血浆初级血液成分,其容量、血红蛋白、血细胞比积、白细胞残留量等质量控制项目,均符合国家相关标准要求;同时以初次制备的去白细胞悬浮红细胞为起始血液制备的机制,洗涤红细胞二级血液成分,其容量、血红蛋白、上清蛋白含量等质量控制项目,除容量超出标准7~14 mL外,其余均符合国家相关标准要求,但导致容量超标的原因及采取的解决方法可控制容量达到标准范围,且在红细胞回收率和血浆蛋白清除率上,二者可分别达到75%和99%的水平。结论 本实验初次制备与二次制备的血液成分之间有着一定的关联,但血液成分二次制备可视实际情况进行相关参数的灵活调整,以确保制备的成分血产品质量符合国家相关标准要求,以及临床治疗效果和安全。

血浆脂蛋白琼脂糖凝胶电泳综合实验设计

血浆脂蛋白琼脂糖凝胶电泳实验是生物化学实验课程中的经典实验,但因其操作单一、等待时间过长,学生的收获感不强,有必要进行综合设计。把上课时间分为三个时段,在各个时段设计多种学习活动:串讲原理、做练习题使相关知识融会贯通;阅读文献,提出疑问;设置试误样品组、做相关实验,启发学生顿悟。通过这些学习活动,学生不仅学会了电泳技术的基本操作,还深刻理解了实验原理,强化了勇于探索的科学精神,体会了顿悟的快乐。

血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数与脑小血管病总负荷的相关性研究进展

脑小血管病(CSVD)是一组由不同病因造成的临床症状和影像学表现相似的疾病,它主要影响着脑内的小动脉及小静脉等高级血管网。目前,CSVD的病理生理机制仍不完全清楚,但动脉粥样硬化(AS)是众所周知的脑部血管疾病的主要病理机制之一,而血脂在AS的发病机制中又起着非常重要的作用。随着大量学者的深入研究,目前认为血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)及其相关传统血脂指标与CSVD联系密切。此研究从AIP与CSVD的发生发展入手,深入探讨了AIP及相关传统血脂指标与CSVD各分型之间的相关性,整合CSVD影像学总负荷来体现CSVD的严重程度,进一步探讨AIP及传统血脂指标与CSVD总负荷的相关性,最终确定了AIP与CSVD严重程度的相关性。本文对AIP及其相关传统指标与CSVD总负荷的相关性研究进展做一综述,全面阐述了血脂对CSVD总负荷的影响,为临床建立CSVD总负荷综合性评价指标提供新依据。

碰撞/反应池电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定血液中16种元素

采用直接稀释法,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定血液中元素的过程中,由于血液样本成分复杂,容易产生较大的基体效应,同时一系列多原子离子(例如,^(40)Ar^(16)O^(+)、^(40)Ar^(40)Ar^(+)等)会影响与其有相同质荷比核素的检测,进而影响测定结果。通过使电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)分别工作在标准模式、氦气模式和氢气模式下,对比仪器的氧化物离子产率(CeO/Ce)、双电荷离子产率(Ba^(++)/Ba)、灵敏度与检出限情况,同时对氢气模式时仪器上述指标优于其他两种模式的潜在机理进行分析;随后再使用氢气作为碰撞/反应池气体,使用直接稀释法分析全血标准品以及小鼠血液样本中16种元素的含量情况。结果表明,使用氢气作为碰撞/反应池气体时,氧化物离子产率(CeO/Ce)、双电荷离子产率(Ba^(++)/Ba)、灵敏度与检出限情况优于标准模式和氦气模式,且16种元素在0.5~100.0μg/L线性关系良好(R2≥0.99991),对全血标准品中分析准确度为86.0%~114%,分析小鼠血液样本时的加标回收率为81.2%~115%,仪器精密度为2.3%~4.8%,使用氢气作为电感耦合等离子体质谱仪技术的碰撞/反应池气体,为分析血液样品中16种元素(V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Ge、As、Se、Cd、Hg、Tl、Pb、Bi)开发一种新的分析方法,也为血液金属组学分析提供了新方法。

活血化瘀中药联合富血小板血浆改善激素性股骨头坏死的作用机制

背景:目前发现活血化瘀中药、富血小板血浆技术都能够修复受损血管,促进血管再生,重建股骨头内血运,恢复正常血供,进一步促进成骨作用,在早期干预激素性股骨头坏死方面均表现出一定的优势,可更加深入了解活血化瘀中药及富血小板血浆技术改善激素性股骨头坏死的作用机制,为今后治疗提供新思路。目的:根据国内外相关文献,综述活血化瘀中药联合富血小板血浆技术改善激素性股骨头坏死作用机制的研究进展。方法:检索PubMed、Web of Science、Metstr、中国知网及万方数据库收录的相关文献。以“中药、信号通路、激素性股骨头坏死、血管内皮生长因子、富血小板血浆”及“traditional Chinese medicine、signal pathways、steroid induced necrosis of femoral head、vascular endothelial growth factor、platelet rich plasma”分别作为中、英文检索词,检索文献时限为2000年1月至2022年7月,最终纳入相关文献75篇。结果与结论:活血化瘀中药及富血小板血浆技术在干预早期激素性股骨头坏死方面均表现出一定的优势。对于中医药而言,无论是活血化瘀单体药还是复方药都可以有效缓解激素性股骨头坏死疾病进一步发展,具体作用机制如下:①活血化瘀中药有显著抗凝作用,可以拮抗激素药物造成的血液异常(高凝)状态,进一步恢复股骨头内的正常血供;②活血化瘀中药可修复受损的血管内皮,通过激活血管内皮生长因子,使血管再生,重塑股骨头内血运;③活血化瘀中药祛瘀效果明显,可减少骨髓腔内的脂肪细胞堆积,缓解股骨头内压力;④活血化瘀中药可调控相关信号通路,维持骨代谢,促进成骨细胞、破骨细胞分化平衡,有效减轻激素性股骨头坏死。此外,富血小板血浆中含有大量高浓度细胞生长因子,对成骨作用及血管再生均起到正向作用,同时也可改善血液异常状态。活血化瘀中药联合富血小板血浆技术可发挥二者自身生物作用,干预效果更加显著。

妊娠早期血炎症指标、空腹血糖及血脂对妊娠期糖尿病的联合预测价值

目的探讨妊娠早期(孕6~13^(+6)周)孕妇血炎症指标、空腹血糖及血脂与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)的关系。方法选择2020年11月至2021年10月在新乡医学院第一附属医院进行产检的98例妊娠早期孕妇为研究对象,依据受试者妊娠中期(孕24~28周)的口服葡萄糖耐量试验结果将其分为GDM组(n=35)和糖耐量正常(NGT)组(n=63)。所有受试者于孕6~13^(+6)周时空腹8 h以上,于第2天清晨抽取肘正中静脉血,测定白细胞(WBC)计数、中性粒细胞计数(NC)、淋巴细胞计数(LC)、单核细胞计数(MC)、空腹血糖(FPG)及血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,比较GDM组与NGT组孕妇各指标之间的差异。应用多因素logistic回归模型寻求联合预测因子并进行GDM发生的独立危险因素分析,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估各危险因素预测GDM发生的效能。结果GDM组孕妇妊娠早期FPG、WBC计数、LC、TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著高于NGT组(P<0.05);GDM组与NGT组孕妇的NC、MC及HDL-C水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Logistic回归模型分析显示,FPG、WBC计数、TC、TG升高是GDM发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。以FPG=4.80 mmol·L^(-1)、WBC=9.35×10^(9)L^(-1)、TC=4.05 mmol·L^(-1)、TG=1.61 mmol·L^(-1)为截断值,预测GDM的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.779、0.721、0.685、0.762,敏感度分别为0.886、0.514、0.857、0.543,特异度分别为0.587、0.857、0.524、0.873,四者联合预测GDM的AUC为0.876,灵敏度为0.857,特异度为0.810。妊娠早期FPG、WBC计数、TC、TG联合预测GDM的AUC高于FPG、WBC、TC、TG单独预测GDM的AUC。结论妊娠早期(孕6~13^(+6)周)孕妇血FPG、WBC计数、TC、TG是GDM的独立危险因素,可作为早期预测GDM发生的临床指标,且4项指标联合对GDM有更好的预测价值。

MicroRNAs as potential biomarkers for diagnosis of schizophrenia and influence of antipsychotic treatment

Chara cterized by positive symptoms(such as changes in behavior or thoughts,including delusions and hallu cinations),negative symptoms(such as apathy,anhedonia,and social withdrawal),and cognitive impairments,schizophrenia is a chro nic,severe,and disabling mental disorder with late adolescence or early adulthood onset,Antipsychotics are the most commonly used drugs to treat schizophrenia,but those currently in use do not fully reverse all three types of symptoms characte rizing this condition.Schizophrenia is frequently misdiagnosed,resulting in a delay of or inappropriate treatment.Abnormal expression of microRNAs is connected to brain development and disease and could provide novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of schizophrenia.The recent studies reviewed included microRNA profiling in blood-and urine-based materials and nervous tissue mate rials.From the studies that had validated the preliminary findings,potential candidate biomarkers for schizophrenia in adults could be miR-22-3p,-30e-5p,-92a-3p,-148b-5p,-181a-3p,-181a-5p,-181b-5p,-199 b-5p,-137 in whole blood,and miR-130b,-193a-3p in blood plasma.Antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia patients was found to modulate the expression of certain microRNAs including miR-130b,-193a-3p,-132,-195,-30e,-432 in blood plasma.Further studies are warranted with adolescents and young adults having schizophrenia and consideration should be given to using animal models of the disorder to investigate the effect of suppressing or overexpressing specific microRNAs.

新冠肺炎疫情对国内25家地级市中心血站全血制备成分血的供应影响分析

目的分析2017—2022年国内25家地市级中心血站全血制备的成分血供应情况是否受到新冠肺炎疫情的影响。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集2017—2022年国内25家中心血站红细胞成分血、冰冻血浆、冷沉淀凝血因子、病原体灭活冰冻血浆、调剂红细胞成分血和冰冻血浆的发放数据,根据新冠疫情发生时间(2019年底),将发放数据分为两组,2017年、2018年、2019年为非新冠疫情组(简称非疫情组),2020年、2021年、2022年为新冠疫情组(简称疫情组)。结果2017—2022年,红细胞成分血发放量呈波动增长,2022年>2021年>2019年>2020年>2018年>2017年,2020年较2019年下降19724.12 U,呈负增长(–1.43%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递增,2022年>2021年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05);冷沉淀凝血因子发放量基本呈逐年递增,2021年>2022年>2020年>2019年>2018年>2017年,2022年较2021年下降6303.72 U,呈负增长(–1.54%),与中心血站显著相关(P<0.05)。2020—2022年,病原体灭活冰冻血浆发放量呈波动增长;年度同比增长率2021年呈负增长,2022年呈正增长;调剂红细胞成分血发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长;调剂冰冻血浆发放量呈逐年递减,年度同比增长率呈负增长。结论国内25家中心血站全血制备成分血的供应情况地区差异大,受新冠疫情的影响程度亦不同,总体上对2020年的供应能力影响最显著,血液调剂是新冠疫情期间保证血液供应的措施之一。