肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola Ma)种子的萌发及与寄主梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron Bunge)的关系

在人工栽培条件下研究了专性寄生植物——肉苁蓉种子的形态解剖结构及其在寄主根上的萌发过程。肉苁蓉种子具有典型的列当科寄生植物种子的特征,种皮内仅有球形胚,外包以胚乳。根据观察发现,只有当寄主梭梭的根穿入肉苁蓉种子的种皮内且刺激其球形胚产生“芽管状器官”,并连接于寄主根上后种子才能萌发,与肉苁蓉种子连接的部位主要在根毛区。首先在与寄主根连接的“芽管状器官”的頂部膨大为瘤状物,以后在内部分化形成输导分子并与寄主的维管束相连通,进而在瘤状物远离寄主根的一端分化形成頂芽,由此长成肉苁蓉植株。

濒危植物肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola)繁育系统研究

在自然居群中通过野外定位观测，运用杂交指数（OCI）；花粉-胚珠比（P／O）；去雄、套袋、人工授粉等方法对濒危植物肉苁蓉（Cistanehe deserticola Ma）的花序发育、开花特性、花粉活力、柱头可授性、传粉方式、繁育系统进行了研究，结果表明：肉苁蓉穗状无限花序的生长发育期可明显分为拱土期、出土期、开花期、结实与种子成熟期四个阶段。两性花，单花开放时间2～3d，花序有花期持续20～25d。种群开花历时36～38d。开花时柱头略高出花药，柱头较大，下垂。重力玻片法检测，风媒导致的异株异花传粉完全可以忽略。主要访花昆虫为蜂类。扫描电镜观察虫体，蜂类携带大量花粉，但传粉飞行距离大部分为0。杂交指数为3；花粉-胚珠比为35．45±8．56；结合去雄、套袋和人工授粉试验结果，认为肉苁蓉属于以自交为主的繁育系统。

肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola)种内的变异式样

用比较形态解剖学的方法对肉苁蓉的营养器官和繁殖器官进行比较 ,研究了名贵中药肉苁蓉营养器官和繁殖器官的变异式样。发现肉苁蓉种内具有不同形态特点的类型 ,造成中药肉苁蓉中在其药理、药效等方面也存在着差异。

Interactions Between Thrombin and Natural Proudcts of Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. and Cistanche deserticola Ma. in Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Aim A capillary zone electrophoretic method （CZE） was used to determine the interactions between natural products and thrombin. Methods Samples containing natural products and thrombin at various ratios were incubated at 25 ℃ and then were separated by CZE with Tris-acetate buffer at pH 7.2. Each run could be accomplished within 5 min. Results In CZE, the peak width broadened due to the affinity interaction between natural products and thrombin. Compared with positive and negative control, the natural products （CB-1, CB-2） from Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. interacted with thrombin; CB-3 from Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttt. and HC-1, HC-2, HC-3 from Cistanche deserticola Ma. did not bind to thrombin. Both qualification and quantification characterizations of the binding were determined. Conclusion The established method is capable of sensitive and fast determination of natural products and thrombin interactions, it can be employed as an alternative method.

肉苁蓉(CistanchedeserticolaMa)胚胎学研究Ⅱ.胚和胚乳的发育

肉苁蓉为细胞型胚乳，初生胚乳核第一次分裂即形成细胞壁．具珠孔端胚乳吸器．种子成熟后由３～５层胚乳细胞包围着胚．合子横分裂形成顶细胞和基细胞．顶细胞纵分裂形成二分体和四分体，以后向各个方向分裂形成多细胞原胚．基细胞多次横分裂形成由一纵列细胞组成的胚柄．其胚胎发生属柳叶菜型．成熟种子中，胚仍然处于球形胚阶段．

肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticola Ma.)胚胎学研究 Ⅰ.大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体形成

本文报道肉苁蓉大,小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体形成.主要结果如下;1)药壁发育为基本型,它由五层细胞组成,中层为二层,绒毡层分泌型,药室内壁未见纤维状加厚。2)小孢子母细胞相互分散,它们在减数分裂1时开始形成胼胝质壁。当小孢子从四分体中释放时,胼肤质壁消失。小孢子四分体为四面体型。其中有的四分体中的小孢子已分裂为二核。成熟花粉为二细胞型,花粉外壁较薄。3)倒生胚珠,单珠被和薄珠心。雌性孢原处于珠心表皮之下,为单细胞。孢原细胞直接起大孢子母细胞功能。随之,大孢子母细胞进行分裂形成直线型四分体。胚囊蓼型,由合点端大孢子发育而成。

Therapeutic effect of Cistanche deserticola on defecation in senile constipation rat model through stem cell factor/C-kit signaling pathway

BACKGROUND Constipation is one of the chronic gastrointestinal functional diseases.It seriously affects the quality of life.Cistanche deserticola(C.deserticola)can treat constipation obviously,but its mechanism has not been clarified.We supposed that mechanism of it improved the intestinal motility by stimulating interstitial Cajal cells(ICC).Activation of the C-kit receptor on the surface of ICC is closely related to ICC function,and the stem cell factor(SCF)/C-kit signaling pathways plays an important role on it.To investigate the mechanism of how C.deserticola treats constipation,this study aimed to establish a constipation model in rats and explore the role of SCF/C-kit signaling pathway in the treatment.AIM To explore the SCF/C-kit signaling pathways in the role of C.deserticola for treatment of constipation by a constipation rat model.METHODS Forty-eight 8-mo-old Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups by random weight method:Normal group(n=12),model group(n=12),C.deserticola group(n=12)and blocker group(n=12).The normal group received normal saline by gavage;the model group received loperamide by gavage;the blocker group received loperamide and C.deserticola by gavage,and STI571 was injected by intraperitoneally.During treatment,the weight,fecal granules and fecal quality were recorded every 10 d.On day 20 after model induction,the colon tissues of each group were removed.Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological changes.Expression levels of SCF,C-kit and Aquaporin genes were detected by immunohistochemistry,western blotting,and real-time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The colonic epithelial mitochondria and goblet cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,as treatment progressed,the weight of rats in the model and blocker groups decreased significantly,the stool weight decreased,and the stool quality was dry(P<0.05).C.deserticola reversed the decrease in body weight and stool weight and improved stool quality.Histopathological analysis indicated that the colonic mucosal epithelium in the model group was incomplete,and the arrangement of the glands was irregular or damaged.Treatment with C.deserticola improved the integrity and continuity of the epithelial cells and regular arrangement of the glands.The blocking agents inhibited the effects of C.deserticola Immunohistochemistry and real-timequantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that expression of SCF and C-kit protein or genes in the colonic tissue of the model group was decreased(P<0.05),while treatment with C.deserticola increased protein or gene expression(P<0.05).Western blotting showed that expression of aquaporin APQ3 was increased,while the expression of Cx43 decreased in the model group.Treatment with C.deserticola inhibited expression of APQ3 and promoted expression of Cx43.Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria of the colonic epithelium in the model group were swollen and arranged disorderly,and microvilli were sparse.The condition was better in the C.deserticola group.Mice treated with STI571 blocker confirmed that blocking the SCF/C-kit pathway inhibited the improvement of constipation by C.deserticola.CONCLUSION C.deserticola improved defecation in rats with constipation,and the SCF/C-kit signaling pathway,which is a key link of ICC function,played an important role of the treatment.

Cistanche deserticola decoction alleviates the testicular toxicity induced by hydroxyurea in male mice

This study aimed to evaluate testicular toxicity induced by hydroxyurea （HU） and the possible counteracting effect of an aqueous extract of Cistanche deserticola （CD）. HU is an antineoplastic drug that has potential reproductive toxicity, and Herba Cistanche has been used as a tonic for the reproductive system for thousands of years. Sixty mice were randomly divided into five groups. Except mice in normal group, the rest received HU （400 mg kg^-1 body weight） intragastrically. Meanwhile, mice in normal and HU control groups received purified water, and the rest received intragastrically three doses of CD decoctions （1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 g crude drug kg^-1 body weight, respectively） daily for 4 weeks. Severe testes lesions were observed, testes weight （P〈0.01） and serum luteinising hormone levels （P〈0.0 1） were also decreased significantly, in the HU groups. Three doses of CD decoctions alleviated the spermatogenetic cell degeneration induced by HU and modulated the serum sex hormones levels to some extent.

Folk nomenclature of plants in Cistanche deserticola-associated community in South Gobi, Mongolia

Cistanche deserticola is an important medicinal plant in Mongolia.Despite its significant role in local healing systems,little traditional knowledge had been reported.The present study investigated folk names of C.deserticola and other species of the same community in Umnugobi Province,South Gobi region of Mongolia,based on ethnobotanical approaches.The high correspondence between folk names and scientific names of plant species occurring in Cistanche-associated community shows the scientific meaning of folk nomenclature and classification in Mongolia.The Mongolian and folk names of plants were formed on the basis of observations and understanding of wild plants including their morphology,phenology and traditional uses as well.Results from this study will support the conservation of C.deserticola itself,a rare and endangered plant species listed in the Monglian Red Data Book.Our documentation of folk nomenclature based on 96 plant species in the Cistanche community,as a part of traditional knowledge associated with biodiversity,will be very helpful for making strategy of plant biodiversity conservation in Mongolia.

Mechanism of "Epimedium-Cistanche deserticola" in the treatment of breast cancer with bone metastasis

Objective:"Epimedium - Cistanche deserticola" is a kind of kidney tonifying drug commonly used in the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis, which has good clinical effect, but the pharmacological mechanism has not been fully clarified. Methods: In this study, the network pharmacology and bioinformatics technology were used to explore the mechanism of "Epimedium - Cistanche deserticola" in the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. TCMSP, TCM database@Taiwan and TCMID databases were used to screen the main effective components of the drug. Swiss Target Prediction and STITCH databases were used to search the potential target of action of Epimedium and Cistanche deserticola. Genecards, OMIN and Drugbank databases were used to search the cause of bone metastasis of breast cancer. The target of action of the drug and the disease gene were mapped for GO and KEGG signal pathway analysis, A visualized network of "drug - component - target - signaling pathway" was constructed by using the software of Cytoscape 3.6.0, and the core genes were screened out. Results: The study found that there are 30 main effective components of Epimedium and Cistanche deserticola, and 544 genes are involved in the potential therapeutic targets, among which 101 genes are potential targets of Epimedium and Cistanche deserticola in the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. Through the analysis of GO and KEGG pathways, we found that the mechanisms involved in antitumor, osteoblast differentiation, osteoclast apoptosis and regulation of bone microenvironment, such as apoptosis, osteoclast differentiation, PI3K-Akt, HIF-1 signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, etc. TP53, VEGFA, AKT1, EGFR, SRC, CCND1, MAPK3, ESR1 may be the key genes in the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis. Conclusion: In this study, the network of "drug - component - target- signaling pathway" was constructed through network pharmacology, and it was found that the mechanism of "Epimedium - Cistanche deserticola" in the treatment of breast cancer bone metastasis involves multiple targets and pathways, which is conducive to guiding clinical medication.

寄生植物肉苁蓉(Cistanche deserticda Ma)种子活力测定的研究

本文应用显微组织化学鉴定的方法,氯化三苯四氮唑(TTC)法,对寄生植物肉苁蓉种子的活力进行测定并对TTC法的测定方法和测定条件进行了研究。同时在大田进行了肉苁蓉种子播种试验。研究结果表明;寄生植物肉苁蓉种子的活力可采用组织化学的方法进行测定,细胞色素氧化酶、过氧化物酶、三磷酸腺苷酶的活性随种子年代的加长呈明显下降趋势,与TTC法测定结果一致。用TTC法测定寄生植物肉苁蓉种子活力的适宜测定条件是:用pH7.0磷酸缓冲液37℃、浸泡种子8h.然后在0.5％TTC溶液中、23℃、自然光照下染色16h。

Identification of HPLC Characteristic Chromatograms of Phenylethanoid Glycosides and Iridoid Glycosides in Herba Cistanche of Different Origins

[Objectives]This study aimed to establish a quality evaluation method for Herba Cistanche based on the HPLC characteristic chromatograms of the phenylethanoid glycosides and iridoid glycosides,and compare the HPLC characteristic chromatograms of different origins of Herba Cistanche.[Methods]The chromatographic conditions used were as follows:column,Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);gradient elution,acetonitrile-0.1%phosphoric acid aqueous solution;flow rate,1.0 mL/min;detection wavelength,240 nm;column temperature,30℃.[Results]Cistanche tubulosa(Schenk)Wight showed 9 characteristic peaks,Cistanche deserticola Y.C.Ma showed 10 characteristic peaks,Cistanche salsa(C.A.Mey.)G.Beck showed 7 characteristic peaks,and Cistanche sinensis G.Beck showed 4 characteristic peaks.Peak 6 was echinacoside,peak 7 was verbascoside,peak 8 was tubuloside A,peak 9 was isoacteoside and peak 10 was cistanoside A.The characteristic chromatograms of the four different origins of Herba Cistanche were significantly different.[Conclusions]This characteristic chromatogram method has good reproducibility and can be used to distinguish 4 different origins of Herba Cistanche,C.deserticola Y.C.Ma,C.tubulosa(Schenk)Wight,C.sinensis G.Beck and C.salsa(C.A.Mey.)G.Beck.

新疆肉苁蓉不同品种与部位间活性成分差异及抗氧化活性分析

本文评估了新疆和田策勒县梭梭肉苁蓉、红柳肉苁蓉的不同部位的活性成分含量及抗氧化能力。结果表明:红柳肉苁蓉的总多酚、总黄酮、总糖、毛蕊花糖苷含量均表现为下部含量最高,中部、上部含量递减。其中红柳肉苁蓉下部的总多酚、总黄酮含量(38.35 mg GAE/g DW、35.61 mg RE/g DW)分别为梭梭肉苁蓉下部的2.47、10.95倍。梭梭上部松果菊苷含量在两种肉苁蓉不同部位中最高,为92.93 mg/g DW,两种肉苁蓉下部总三萜含量显著高于上部、中部(P<0.05),梭梭下部总三萜最多,为6.75 mg OAE/g DW。此外,梭梭肉苁蓉和红柳肉苁蓉均表现出较强的抗氧化性,并且肉苁蓉下部的抗氧化效果最好,其IC50 DPPH分别为7.15和5.95 mg/mL,IC_(50 ABTS)_(+)分别为5.19和3.28 mg/mL。相关性分析表明,肉苁蓉中的总多酚、总黄酮、原花青素、总糖、毛蕊花糖苷含量与IC_(50 DPPH)和IC_(50 ABTS)^(+)呈负相关。结果表明,梭梭肉苁蓉上部的松果菊苷含量丰富,红柳肉苁蓉下部的总多酚、总黄酮、总糖、毛蕊花糖苷含量丰富且高于梭梭肉苁蓉对应部位。本文可以为不同产地肉苁蓉标准化及功能性产品深度研发提供理论基础。

草苁蓉急性经口毒性和遗传毒性研究

目的:通过草苁蓉(酒用原料)急性经口毒性试验和遗传毒性试验,为草苁蓉配制酒开发提供食用安全性依据。方法:选用Wistar大鼠、ICR小鼠以10.0g/kg·BW剂量进行草苁蓉急性经口毒性试验。鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)设5000、1000、200、40和8μg/皿5个剂量组,另设未处理对照组、溶剂对照组和阳性对照组,试验在±S9条件下进行,每组作3个平行皿,重复1次;哺乳动物红细胞微核试验设5.34g/kg·BW、2.67g/kg·BW和1.34g/kg·BW 3个剂量组,另设空白对照组和阳性对照组;小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验设5.34g/kg·BW、2.67g/kg·BW和1.34g/kg·BW 3个剂量组,另设空白对照组和阳性对照组。结果:草苁蓉大鼠、小鼠急性经口LD50均大于10.0g/kg·BW;在±S9条件下,TA97a、TA98、TA100、TA102、TA15355个株菌株5个剂量组的回变菌落数均未超过未处理对照组的2倍;哺乳动物红细胞微核试验和小鼠精母细胞染色体畸变试验结果为阴性。结论:在本研究条件下,草苁蓉属实际无毒级,未见遗传毒性。

基于GC-IMS分析新疆不同寄主肉苁蓉挥发性物质

以新疆和田地区‘梭梭’和‘红柳’肉苁蓉为研究对象,采用气相离子迁移色谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectroscopy,GC-IMS)分析两种不同寄主肉苁蓉挥发性物质之间的差异。结果表明:GC-IMS共检测出35种挥发性物质,其中定性出27种挥发性物质,包括醛类8种、醇类5种、酯类4种、酮类1种,以醛、醇类物质为主。‘红柳’肉苁蓉和‘梭梭’肉苁蓉挥发性物质差异明显。二者主要差异物质为2-苯基乙醛、苯甲醛、(E)-2-庚烯醛、3-甲硫基丙醛、1-己醛、庚醛、3-甲基-2-丁烯醛、乙酸甲酯、乙酸己酯、1-己醇、乙酰妥英、异丁醇、乙酸乙酯。通过主成分分析可以有效区分两种不同寄主肉苁蓉,PC1和PC2累计方差贡献率达到91%。同时,通过构建挥发性物质聚类热图和指纹图谱等手段,为不同寄主肉苁蓉的鉴定和挥发性物质研究提供理论参考。

白术-肉苁蓉治疗便秘的网络药理学分析及试验验证

旨在通过网络药理学和动物试验探究白术-肉苁蓉治疗便秘的效果和机制。通过TCMSP数据库获得白术-肉苁蓉成分及对应的靶点蛋白,借助GeneCards、OMIM等数据库得到便秘相关靶点。将基因整理导入UniProt数据库后利用Venny2.1.0、Cytoscape3.7.2和STRING绘制韦恩图及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,并使用CentiScaPe 2.2插件进行分析。再通过DAVID数据库进行生物信息学GO分析及KEGG信号通路富集分析。通过AutodockTools和PyMOL等软件对部分核心靶点与潜在靶点较多的成分进行分子对接验证。将40只小鼠随机分为空白组(6只)和盐酸洛哌丁胺组(34只),分别用蒸馏水和10.0 mg·kg^(-1)盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃。造模成功后,将30只便秘小鼠均分为模型组、阳性对照组和高、中、低剂量药物组。空白组和模型组蒸馏水灌胃,阳性对照组10.0 mg·kg^(-1)枸橼酸莫沙必利灌胃,高、中、低剂量药物组分别灌胃4.8、2.4、1.2 g·kg^(-1)的白术-肉苁蓉混悬液治疗,每日1次,持续7 d。7 d后进行排便和小肠运动试验。结果发现,PTGS 2为连接度最高的靶点基因,共筛选出AKT1、TNF和IL-6等19个白术-肉苁蓉治疗便秘的核心靶点,KEGG富集分析表明,脂质和动脉粥样硬化及乙型肝炎等通路较为关键。分子对接结果显示,白术-肉苁蓉潜在靶点较多的成分与便秘核心靶点结合较好。动物试验表明,与模型组比较,中、高剂量药物组首粒黑便时间显著缩短,小肠推进率显著增高。综上,白术-肉苁蓉可改善慢传输型便秘,多种活性成分可能通过PTGS2、AKT1、TNF和IL-6等关键靶点,调节多条信号通路治疗便秘。

肉苁蓉总苷对HepG2肝癌荷瘤小鼠的影响

为研究肉苁蓉在荷瘤小鼠体内抗肿瘤的效应,采用HepG2肝癌细胞建立裸鼠皮下成瘤模型,灌胃不同剂量肉苁蓉总苷(total glycosides,TG)分析其抗肿瘤作用,检测小鼠肝脏和肿瘤病理结构变化、脾脏淋巴细胞增殖能力及肝脏抗氧化指标,并采用代谢组学和16S rDNA测序法分析小鼠肠道内容物代谢物和微生物组成变化。结果发现,TG可以抑制裸鼠体内肿瘤的生长,不影响小鼠的正常生长发育,无任何毒副作用;随着TG剂量的增加,肝脏组织肝细胞结构完整,病理变化程度逐渐减轻,并且肿瘤组织肿瘤细胞分布变得越来越稀疏,空泡变样程度增加,出现坏死状,表明TG在保护肝的同时,还可抑制肿瘤生长;对肝脏组织进行抗氧化指标检测,发现过氧化氢酶和谷丙转氨酶水平升高,谷草转氨酶和碱性磷酸酶水平下降,表明TG可以减轻小鼠肝脏病变程度;淋巴细胞增殖能力与TG剂量呈正相关,表明TG可提高小鼠的免疫能来起到抗肝癌的作用;TG还可通过调节代谢物水平、改善肠道微生物组成,抑制肝癌发展。综上,肉苁蓉TG通过提高机体氧化应激水平、调节免疫能力、改善机体代谢方式和调理肠道微生物平衡以发挥抗肝癌的作用。

肉苁蓉寄主梭梭和白梭梭主要生物学性状评价

采用田间农艺观察、单因素方差分析、相关性分析和分子鉴定等方法对我国梭梭属2个物种梭梭和白梭梭的主要生物学性状以及肉苁蓉寄生情况进行比较分析。结果表明梭梭和白梭梭在形态特征、农艺性状及花粉结构方面均存在显著差异,其中成熟的梭梭种子果翅长度和千粒重显著低于白梭梭,但发芽率和发芽势显著高于白梭梭;梭梭花粉网眼较深,网脊颗粒结构的数量显著少于白梭梭,且花粉体积小于白梭梭。相关分析表明梭梭和白梭梭农艺指标与气温和相对湿度等气候因子显著相关,其中梭梭对水分及光照等环境因子变化适宜能力较强,分布较广;而白梭梭受水分等因子限制,仅在新疆准噶尔盆地长势较好。核基因内转录间隔区(ITS,internal transcribed spacer)分子鉴定技术可以有效鉴别梭梭和白梭梭,并且证明二者均可被肉苁蓉寄生,但二者寄生的肉苁蓉持续成活率存在差异。根据梭梭和白梭梭生物学性状特征和肉苁蓉寄生情况,适宜推广梭梭作为寄主植物生产肉苁蓉药材。本研究为我国梭梭属植物的分类鉴定、引种栽培以及肉苁蓉优良寄主种质筛选提供科学依据。

MOF材料用于肉苁蓉总黄酮的富集研究

探究不同MOFs材料在富集分离肉苁蓉总黄酮的表现及最佳吸附解析条件。采用水热合成法合成[Zn(nicotinate)_(2)]_(n)、MIL-101(Cr)、MIL-101(Fe)、MIL-53(Fe)、MOF-5五种MOFs材料,通过PXRD、FTIR、SEM和TG等进行表征确保其准确合成,以不同条件下的吸附解吸量为指标,评价吸附解吸附性能,经过筛选得出烟酸锌配位聚合物[Zn(nicotinate)_(2)]_(n)([Zn(NA)_(2)])综合性能最佳,并确定最佳吸附解吸条件。结果显示最佳吸附条件为吸附时间6 h,样品原液pH值5.0,样品原液浓度2.20 mg/mL,此条件下[Zn(NA)_(2)]对肉苁蓉总黄酮的吸附量为62.91 mg/g。最佳解吸条件为30%乙醇溶液,解吸率为45.52%。吸附解吸后肉苁蓉中总黄酮纯度由9.33%提高到48.23%。[Zn(NA)_(2)]吸附解吸前后经PXRD表征晶型稳定。实验显示[Zn(NA)_(2)]表现出高吸附性能,对肉苁蓉中的黄酮类化合物具有高效的富集和纯化效果。因此,MOFs作为新兴的中药有效成分富集分离材料,具备广泛的应用前景。

肉苁蓉治疗炎症性肠病的作用机制预测及验证

目的探究肉苁蓉治疗炎症性肠病(IBD)的作用机制。方法借助中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台结合文献报道筛选肉苁蓉活性成分;采用Swiss Target Prediction平台获取活性成分靶点;采用GeneCards和OMIM数据库收集疾病靶点;构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络和“药物-成分-疾病-靶点”网络,筛选核心成分和核心靶点,然后进行基因本体(GO)、京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路分析,并对核心靶点和核心成分进行分子对接验证。建立IBD小鼠模型,分为模型组、阳性对照组(地塞米松,0.4 mg/kg)、肉苁蓉提取物组(100、200、400 mg/kg),另设空白对照组,每组8只。各组小鼠给予相应药物,每天1次,连续7 d。计算各组小鼠疾病活动指数(DAI)及结肠长度,观察小鼠结肠组织病理形态,检测小鼠结肠组织中炎症因子[白细胞介素6(IL-6)、IL-10、IL-1β、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)]水平和核心靶点蛋白表达情况。结果共得到肉苁蓉活性成分39个,肉苁蓉活性成分治疗IBD的潜在靶点232个;肉苁蓉治疗IBD的核心成分分别为槲皮素、苏齐内酯、β-谷甾醇、肉苁蓉苷H,核心靶点分别为TNF(肿瘤坏死因子)、AKT1(蛋白激酶B1)、STAT3(信号转导和转录激活因子3)、EGFR(表皮生长因子受体)、SRC(非受体酪氨酸激酶)。GO和KEGG通路分析结果显示,肉苁蓉治疗IBD的生物过程主要与蛋白质磷酸化、凋亡负调控等有关,主要涉及磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(PI3K)/AKT、EGFR酪氨酸激酶抑制剂耐药等信号通路。分子对接结果显示,肉苁蓉核心成分与核心靶点的结合能均小于-4.7 kJ/mol。动物实验结果显示,经肉苁蓉提取物干预后,小鼠体重、结肠长度显著增加(P<0.05或P<0.01);DAI显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);结肠黏膜充血、水肿明显减轻,结肠组织病理学评分显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);结肠组织中IL-6、IL-1β、MPO、TNF-α水平和PI3K、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、EGFR、TNF-α、STAT3、磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)、AKT1、磷酸化AKT1(p-AKT1)、SRC蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),IL-10水平均显著升高(P<0.01)。结论肉苁蓉具有治疗IBD的作用,其具体作用机制可能与调节SRC/EGFR/PI3K/AKT信号通路有关。