Spatiotemporal Differences and Classification Regulation of Urbanization Impact on Agricultural Development in Shrinking Areas:A Case Study of 15 Shrinking Cities in Three Provinces of Northeast China

Studying the impact of urbanization on agricultural development in shrinking areas is important for maintaining food security and promoted agricultural development in China.Based on the measurement results of the shrinking cities in the three provinces of Northeast China,this paper selects 15 shrinking cities as the research object,and constructs a multi-dimensional index system to explore the impact of the urbanization level of the shrinking areas on the agricultural development in the region since 2007–2019,analyzes the influencing factors and their differences by using the geographically-weighted regression model and Geodetector,and proposes a targeted regulation strategy.The results show that:1)overall,there is a negative correlation between the urbanization level and the agricultural development level in the contracted areas of the three northeastern provinces.The urbanization level in these areas has a certain negative impact on the overall level of agricultural development;2)regarding the time dimension,the impact of urbanization level on the agricultural development level in the contracted areas of the three northeastern provinces gradually increases over time;3)regarding the spatial pattern,the overall impact of shrinking urbanization levels in the three provinces of Northeast China on the agricultural development shows a significant distribution pattern of high in the east and low in the west;4)the total population and natural population growth rate at the end of the year were the main factors influencing a certain level of urbanization on agricultural development in the shrinking cities while population density and the urban fixed asset investment rate were the secondary factors;and 5)the main reasons why the level of agricultural development in different cities was affected by the level of urbanization were different.However,they can be categorized into areas of population loss and spatial construction,which can be further divided into area of population loss in the northeast,areas of negative population growth in the west,and areas of urban spatial change in the south.According to the causes of the impact,this paper adopted targeted regulation strategies and formulated relevant policies and solutions that cater to local conditions.

Genetic Classification of Pyroclastic Ejecta Based on Physical Volcanology of Possible Large Cauldron in Bombay Volcanic Complex, Western Deccan Trap Province, India

Many Propositions are made about the mechanism of emplacement of volcanoclastic material in the Bombay volcanic complex. The present paper deals exclusively with the physical features of the deposits laid by a complex tectono-magmatic process by making detailed inventory of the different kind of volcanic ejecta exposed in the Bomay Volcanic Complex (BVC), and an attempt has been made to classify the deposits genetically. A subsidenace which was hinted at earlier, may be a possible cauldron in BVC has been proposed, which might be responsible for producing such a varied and complex lithology.

Occurrence and Integrated Control of Psylla chinensis in Eastern Hebei Province

The paper introduces the damage characteristics and occurrence regularity of Psylla chinensis in pear orchards in eastern Hebei Province,and summarizes the integrated prevention and control techniques of P.chinensis,in order to provide a reference for the prevention and control of P.chinensis in eastern Hebei Province.

Geomorphological site classification for the Fujian province

Geomorphological classification of the Fujian province was done based on remote-sensing imaging, digital elevation maps, and slope gradient data acquired by ArcGIS 9.2. The engineering geological units in the Fujian province were divided into five types by the geomorphologic shape and genesis. The relationship among geomorphological type, engineering geological unit, and site category was determined using engineering geological data and site category data. Then, after making a preliminary site classification adjusted by drill hole data, the site was classified into four types： Ⅰ0, Ⅰ1, Ⅱ, and Ⅲaccording to site classification standards of equivalent shear-wave velocity and overburden thickness. The results showed that the site categories in the Fujian province mainly consist of type Ⅱ, which accounts for 85.26 % of the land area. The percentage of Io was the smallest, which accounts for only 2.44 % of the total area.

Classification and Development Laws of Karst Landform in Suzhou Area, North Anhui Province of China

Suzhou area in north Anhui Province is a low hilly area on the Huaibei Plain where carbonate rocks and karstification are widely distributed, and karst landscapes form major physical contours of the bedrock outcrops. Through field investigation, karst landscapes of Suzhou area were divided into two categories based on their morphological characteristics: macro-geomorphologic landscapes including normal hills, dry valleys, karst springs and caves, and micro-corrosion landscapes including corrosion pits, dissolved pores, dissolution traces, corrosion cracks, clints and karrens. Distribution, development and scale of karst landscapes in this region are controlled by climate, rock type, structure, topography and other factors. It was suggested that karst landscapes in the study area could be used as a representative of karst landforms in North China.

Magmatic Event at the End of the Archean in Eastern Hebei Province and Its Geological Implication

By using the SHRIMP U-Pb and single zircon stepwise evaporation methods, the authors have obtained some results for granitoids from eastern Hebei Province. The Yuhuzhai hyperthene tonalitic granite was formed 2550 Ma ago, the Qingyangshu gabbroic gneiss 2536 Ma, the Yinmahe granodioritic gneiss near Lücao, Lulong County, 2533 Ma, the gabbro-dioritic gneiss near Longwan, Qianxi County, 2518-2515 Ma, the Qiuhuayu trondjemitic gneiss at Zunhua 2515 Ma, the Xiaoguanzhuang tonalitic gneiss at Zunhua 2495 Ma, and the Cuizhangzi gneiss in Qianxi County 2492 Ma. These geochronilogical data demonstrate that, though diverse in composition, type and origin, the granitic gneisses in eastern Hebei Province were emplaced and crystallized in a rather short period of magmatic activity. The formation of such a great amount of gneisses in this small time gap suggests that it was a critical crust accretion stage at the end of Neoarchean. The fact that granitoids of various types occurred at the same time implies a large-scale underplating （mantle plume） activity, which was then responsible for the crust accretion.

Vegetation NPP Distribution Based on MODIS Data and CASA Model——A Case Study of Northern Hebei Province

Net Primary Productivity （NPP） is one of the important biophysical variables of vegetation activity, and it plays an important role in studying global carbon cycle, carbon source and sink of ecosystem, and spatial and temporal distribution of CO2. Remote sensing can provide broad view quickly, timely and multi-temporally, which makes it an attractive and powerful tool for studying ecosystem primary productivity, at scales ranging from local to global. This paper aims to use Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS） data to estimate and analyze spatial and temporal distribution of NPP of the northern Hebei Province in 2001 based on Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach （CASA） model. The spatial distribution of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation （APAR） of vegetation and light use efficiency in three geographical subregions, that is, Bashang Plateau Region, Basin Region in the northwestern Hebei Province and Yanshan Mountainous Region in the Northern Hebei Province were analyzed, and total NPP spatial distribution of the study area in 2001 was discussed. Based on 16-day MODIS Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation absorbed by vegetation （FPAR） product, 16-day composite NPP dynamics were calculated using CASA model; the seasonal dynamics of vegetation NPP in three subreglons were also analyzed. Result reveals that the total NPP of the study area in 2001 was 25.1877 × 10^6gC/（m^2.a）, and NPP in 2001 ranged from 2 to 608gC/（m^2-a）, with an average of 337.516gC/（m^2.a）. NPP of the study area in 2001 accumulated mainly from May to September （DOY 129-272）, high NIP values appeared from June to August （DOY 177-204）, and the maximum NPP appeared from late July to mid-August （DOY 209-224）.

Discussion on the Prevention and Control Countermeasures of Sudden Disasters on Protected Vegetable in Hebei Province

Protected vegetable production made the traditional agriculture gradually get rid of the shackles of nature, broke the seasonal traditional agriculture and realized the anti season list of agricultural products. While protected vegetables often encountered sudden disasters in production and were restricted with the conditions of low temperature and weak light. Aimed at the sudden disasters of protected vegetable production in Hebei Province,the countermeasures for disaster prevention and control were put forward from the aspects of variety selection, seedling treatment technology,grafting technique,cultivation and management,flower and fruit retention technology,application of exogenous substance,rational fertilization,transgenic technology and so on,in order to reduce production risks and cut loss,realize that protected vegetable production is safe,good-quality and efficient.

Observations of coastal aeolian dune movements at Feicuidao, on the Changli Gold Coast in Hebei Province

High-precision RTK GPS technology was used to survey the movements of typical coastal dunes, including a coastal crescent dune and a coastal transverse ridge, in the Feicuidao region of the Changli Gold Coast in Hebei Province in 2006-2008. Our data provide information on the direction, type, and velocity of coastal dune movements, and indicate that the coastal dunes in this re- gion are characterized as slow and landward advancing, with to-and-fro fluctuations. The bottom of the studied coastal transverse ridge was stable during the observation period but the position of its crest advanced eastward （seaward） during summer and au- tumn, and moved landward （westward） in winter and spring. Thus, its crest moved generally landward （westward） but fluctuated to-and-fro eastward and westward. In contrast, the entire coastal crescent dune advanced landward （westward） in a to-and-fro manner, and the velocity of its movement was faster than that of the transverse ridge dune. These results are mainly related to the wind conditions in the research area, the height and volume of the two types of coastal dunes.

Application of the Gravity Method to the Iron Ore Exploration in Eastern Hebei Province

The nation-wide iron ore exploration is primarily based on aeromagnetic survey,based upon which a series of ground follow-up and drilling examination were carried out,and then reconnaissance and detailed investigation and exploration were fulfilled.However,for some large.

Geochemistry and Genesis of the Sodium-Charnockitic Gneisses, Eastern Hebei Province, China

High in sodium and low in potassium (Na_2O/ K_2O>1), the charnockitic gneiss series in theSantunying- Taipingzhai area, eastern Hebei province, consists of hypersthene- quartz- diorite,hypersthene-granodiorite and hypersthene-plagioclase-granite. Geological, petrological and large ion lithophileelement(LILE), high field strength element (HFSE) and REE geochemical studies suggest that themedium-coarse-grained hypersthene-granodiorite is the product of crystallization of anatectic magmas of thesame composition. Under granulite facies conditions, the equilibrium crystallization differentiation of themagmas yielded the early crystallization phase-high-SiO_2, LILE-depleted, low-∑REE, positive Eu anomalyand REE- saturated hypersthene- plagioclase- granite. The residual phase, coarse- grained to pegmatitichypersthene- granodiorite, is marked by low SiO_2, LILE-enrichment, high ∑REE and REE-undersaturation.These rocks and hypersthene-quartz-diorite enclaves constitute the sodium-charnockitic gneiss series in easternHebei province. Model calculation for trace elements in the granitoids was applied. On the basis of a systematicgeological study, the equation for calculation was chosen, the source magma was determined and the partitioncoefficients were obtained. The resulting curves are entirely consistent with those observed in the patterns of ac-tual rocks. The study indicates that whole-rock REE patterns can not be used directly in the comparison of thesources and genesis of granitoids.

Studies on Water Consumption Characteristics and Crops Rotation Effects in Plateau of Northern Hebei Province

Experiments were carried out in 1994 - 1998 to study crop rotation and its effects on crop water consumption characteristics of field with sandy chestnut soil in the Plateau of north Hebei Province. Five crops including spring wheat, oat, pea, flax and potato were examined. There was little difference in field water consumption among the crops during the growing season. WUE varied significantly in a range of 1. 347 -11.177kg · ha-1 · mm-1 among crops and 11.44% - 46.66% among previous crops. It was pointed out that the land equivalent ratio (LER) can be used as an index to evaluate the biological effects of crop rotation comprehensively. The 2-4 year crop rotation patterns with higher LER were estimated in the paper.

Land Degradation Evaluation in North Hebei Province Based on Remote Sensing and GIS

Land degradation is one of the serious environmental problems that can lead to poverty, and is especially prominent in eco-fragile areas in developing countries and increases the risk of environmental safety. North Hebei Province belongs to an ecologically fragile region in North China, which has great impact on the eco-safety of Beijing and Tianjin. Using Landsat TM data and GIS, this paper evaluates land degradation in North Hebei province of China from the the 1960′s to 1987 and 2000. Land use/cover change pattern from 1987 to 2000, its regional difference and forest change characteristics will also be analyzed; soil erosion intensity and arable land suitability were also evaluated. Results revealed that land use/cover pattern in this study area did not change greatly from 1987 to 2000. The structure and function of regional land ecosystem was at a level of local improvement and integral deterioration. Land above medium soil erosion intensity reached 21 percent, which was also the area with a serious soil erosion and land degradation problem. Soil erosion and land degradation intensity of grassland was the biggest. For the present arable land, the proportion of high suitability was 13 percent.

Metabasic Dyke Swarms in a High-Grade Metamorphic Terrane——A Case Study in the Taipingzhai-Jinchangyu Area,Eastern Hebei Province

Geological and petrological studies indicate that three phases of metabasic dykes are present in theTaipingzhai-Jinchangyu area within the high-grade metamorphic terrane of eastern Hebei. Garnet andhornblende in metabasic dykes of the second and third phases occur separately, forming two mineral aggregateareas gl+cpx+pl±hy and hb+cpx+pl-hy. P_(H_2O) in the rocks appears to be the main factor controlling theformation of the two aggregate areas. Both were formed simultaneously at the same metamorphic temperature. The second-phase basic dykes underwent metamorphism of pyroxene-granulite facies at a temperature ofsome 825C: later the dykes, together with the third-phase basic dykes experienced metamorphism ofamphibole-granulite facies at a temperature of about 750C under pressure of 0.9GPa.

GUIDELINES FOR FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN HEBEI PROVINCE

Ⅰ.Key projects encouraging foreigninvestment 1. Existing enterprises are taken asbases for the introduction of foreign funds,advanced technology and equipment,andmanagerial experience,to undertake therenovation of existing enterprises,especiallyin large and medium-sized state-ownedenterprises,in order to achieve the purposeof upgrading product quality,increasingvarieties,optimizing product structure,enlarging production scale,raising marketcompetitiveness and increasing exportearnings.Key industries in which

Effects of Different Modes of Returning Farmland to Forest on Physicochemical Properties of Soil in Bashang Area of Northern Hebei Province

[Objective]The research aimed to understand the change rules of physicochemical properties of soil in the different modes of returning farmland to forest.[Method]The physicochemical properties of soil in three different types of returning farmland to forest(Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.forest,Caragana korshinskii forest and Ulmus pumila L.forest)were analyzed by taking the enclosed grassland as comparison in Bashang area of northern Hebei Province.[Result]The results showed that there were significant differences among different types.Order of the bulk density of soil:H.rhamnoides Linn.forest(1.17 g/cm^3)<U.pumila L.forest(1.24 g/cm^3)<C.korshinskii forest(1.26 g/cm^3)<enclosed grassland(1.61 g/cm^3);order of the total porosity of soil:H.rhamnoides Linn.forest(55.29%)>U.pumila L.forest(52.55%)>C.korshinskii forest(51.93%)<enclosed grassland(38.85%);order of the organic matter content of soil:H.rhamnoides Linn.forest(3.191%)>C.korshinskii forest(3.128%)>U.pumila L.forest(2.804%)>enclosed grassland(2.536%).[Conclusion]After returning farmland to forest,vegetation played a positive role in physicochemical properties of soil.There were significant differences in physicochemical properties of soil among different modes of returning farmland to forest,and the improvement effect of H.rhamnoides Linn.forest on physicochemical properties of soil was the best.

MAJOR FOREIGN-RELATED ADMINISTRATIVE AND SERVICE ORGANIZAIONS IN HEBEI PROVINCE

1.Major foreign-relatedadministrative organizations: The Foreign-related Office of the HebeiProvincial People’s GovernmentThe Merchants Company of Hebei ProvinceAddress:Weiming Street No.10,Shijiazhuang,Hebei,ChinaTel:7042603 7042605 7092417Fax:(86)311-7042602

Technological Renovation Projects for Foreign Investment in Hebei Province

No. Name of Project Cooperative Estimated Foreign Invest- Chinese Partner Form Investment ment(USD) (USD)Machine-Building Industry1 Joint production of J.V 2.94 M Shijiazhuang Boiler Works high performance low pollution circulating fluidized bed boiler2 High-voltage insulator J.V 9M 6M Shijiazhuang Electric production line Ceramic Factory3 Enlargement of pro- J.V 18 M 8 M Shijiazhuang Building duction capacity of Machinery Factory air cooled