International Clinical Trials Registry Platform(ICTRP)

Introduction The mission of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform is to ensure that a complete view of research is accessible to all those involved in health care decision making. This will improve research transparency and will ultimately strengthen the validity and value of the scientific evidence base. The registration of all interventional trials is a scientific, ethical and moral responsibility.

International Comparison of Data from International Clinical Trials Registry Platform-Registered Clinical Trials

Objectives: Our aim was to clarify the study characteristics of countries that have registered clinical trials studies and to calculate the percentage of clinical trials that were registered in each country’s registry, and try to find and evaluate the factors determining that percentage. Design and Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study using data from clinical trials registered from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2015. Only countries with more than 2000 registered trials were included for further study. Ten countries met that criterion: United States, Japan, Iran, Australia, New Zealand, China, India, Germany, United Kingdom, and Netherland. The percentage of clinical trials that were registered in each country’s registry was calculated, and the factors determining that percentage were sought and analyzed through an exploratory approach. Results: The chi-squared test of independence indicated that the rate of clinical trial registration significantly differed between countries. From the adjusted standardized residuals, the percentage of clinical trials that were registered in the country of origin was higher in the United States, India, Japan, and Australia/New Zealand than in the European Union and China. Conclusion: The United States requires that informed consent documents for clinical trials contain clinical trial registration numbers from ClinicalTrials.gov, which could be the reason for the extremely high percentage of registered clinical trials (94%). Since the European Union does not have this requirement, clinical trials conducted in the European Union do not have to be registered in the countries in which they are conducted.

Application of Heuristic Method to the Clinical Teaching of Internal Medicine

There is an old saying,“Give a man a fish,and he will eat for a day.Teach a man to fish,and he will eat for the rest of his life.”In clinical teaching,students should not only be taught about diseases,but their intelligence should also be cultivated,along with their analytical,comprehension,and independent learning skills.The ability to solve problems enables students to think independently and acquire knowledge.This is known as the heuristic method of teaching.In this study,we mainly analyze the application value of the heuristic method in the clinical teaching of internal medicine.

Value of direct vision internal urethrotomy in treatment of urethral stricture-twenty-year clinical experience

Objective To summarize the experience and evaluate the efficacy of treatment of urethral stricture using direct visual internal urethrotomy ( DVIU) . Methods The clinical data of 361 patients ( age range 16 - 72 years, mean age 38 years) with urethral stricture who underwent urethrotomy from 1990 to 2010 was retrospectively ana-

Methods, units and quality requirements for the analysis of haemoglobin A_(1c) in diabetes mellitus

The formation of glycohemoglobin, especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c)) fraction, occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in the β-chain of Hb; this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose. Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c) because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations. Thus Hb_(A1c) has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c), numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles: From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays. In early days, the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c) varied extensively between laboratories, therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG) of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT) were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c) assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography. In the 1990 s, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC) appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c) measurement. When the reference procedureswere established, in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c) assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals. This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%) associated with the assay. In this review, we describe the glycation of Hb, methods, standardization of the Hb_(A1c) assays, analytical problems, problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c) values are expressed, reference values, quality control aspects, target requirements for Hb_(A1c), and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c) concentrations. We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c) as recommended by IFCC, i.e., the new unit and reference ranges, are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c) values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue. We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c) were to gain worldwide acceptance.

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports(IJCCR)

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports(IJCCR,ISSN 1927-579X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The journal is considering all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters and reviews in all aspects of clinical case,containing clinical medicine which advance general medical knowledge;the event in the course of observing or treating a patient;new variations

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports(IJCCR)

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports(IJCCR,ISSN 1927-579X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The journal is considering all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters and reviews in all aspects of clinical case,containing clinical medicine which advance general medical knowledge;the event in the course of observing or treating a patient;new variations

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports (IJCCR)

International Journal of Clinical Case Reports(IJCCR,ISSN 1927-579X)is an international,open access,peer reviewed journal published online by Bio Publisher.The journal is considering all the latest and outstanding research articles,letters and reviews in all aspects of clinical case,containing clinical medicine which advance general

An introduction to International Traditional Medicine Clinical Trial Registry(ITMCTR):A cross-regional registry focusing on theme of traditional medicine

Clinical trials play a crucial role in advancing the field of human health care.The registration of clinical trials can effectively identify potential publication bias and prevent unnecessary duplication of research efforts,serving as a source of transparent data for health care professionals and researchers,enhancing the quality of clinical research,and presenting more transparent,standardized,authentic,and useful clinical trials.To enhance the capacity for evidence production in traditional medicine from the source,the International TraditionalMedicine Clinical Trial Registry(ITMCTR),a cross-regional registry focusing on the theme of traditional medicine,was established.Under the current registration background,this study aims to introduce the problems and current status related to clinical trial registration,as well as the features and functions of the ITMCTR.The results of this study illustrate the necessity of establishing a specialized registration platform for traditional medicine to assist researchers in understanding the basic background of registration and relevant information regarding registration platforms,regardless of whether their research is related to traditional medicine or not.Ultimately,the results of this work will help researchers choose the appropriate platform for more efficient and transparent registration.

Establishment and validation of a model for brain injury state evaluation and prognosis prediction

Purpose:Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is one of the leading causes of disability and death in modern times,whose evaluation and prognosis prediction have been one of the most critical issues in TBI management.However,the existed models for the abovementioned purposes were defective to varying degrees.This study aims to establish an ideal brain injury state clinical prediction model(BISCPM).Methods:This study was a retrospective design.The six-month outcomes of patients were selected as the end point event.BISCPM was established by using the split-sample technology,and externally validated via different tests of comparison between the observed and predicted six-month mortality in validating group.TBI patients admitted from July 2006 to June 2012 were recruited and randomly divided into establishing model group and validating model group.Twenty-one scoring indicators were included in BISCPM and divided into three parts,A,B,and C.Part A included movement,pupillary reflex and diameter,CT parameters,and secondary brain insult factors,etc.Part B was age and part C was medical history of the patients.The total score of part A,B and C was final score of BISCPM.Results:Altogether 1156 TBI patients were included with 578 cases in each group.The score of BISCPM from validating group ranged from 2.75 to 31.94,averaging 13.64±5.59.There was not statistical difference between observed and predicted mortality for validating group.The discrimination validation showed that the BISCPM is superior to international mission for prognosis and analysis of clinical trials(IMPACT)lab model.Conclusion:BISCPM is an effective model for state evaluation and prognosis prediction of TBI patients.The use of BISCPM could be of great significance for decision-making in management of TBI.

7^(th) Shanghai International Acupuncture-Moxibustion Symposium on Clinic and Scientific Research (First Announcement)

In order to develop traditional Chinese acupuncture,strengthen the academic communication in the international circle, enhance the therapeutic levels, andextend the

7^(th) Shanghai International Acupuncture-Moxibustion Symposium on Clinic and Scientific Research(First Announcement)

In order to develop traditional Chinese acupuncture,strengthen the academic communication in the international circle,enhance the therapeutic levels,andextend the

7^(th) Shanghai International Acupuncture-Moxibustion Symposium on Clinic and Scientific Research

In order to develop traditional Chinese acupuncture, strengthen the academic communication in the international circle, enhance the therapeutic levels, and extend the scope of