Line-element based nonlinear adaptive piecewise compensating correction for LVDT sensors

In order to solve the linear variable differential transformer （LVDT） displacement sensor nonlinearity of overall range and extend its working range, a novel line-element based adaptively seg- menting method for piecewise compensating correction was proposed. According to the mechanical structure of LVDT, the output equation was calculated, and then the theoretic nonlinear source of output was analyzed. By the proposed line-element adaptive segmentation method, the nonlinear output of LVDT was divided into linear and nonlinear regions with a given threshold. Then the com- pensating correction function was designed for nonlinear parts employing polynomial regression tech- nique. The simulation of LVDT validates the feasibility of proposed scheme, and the results of cali- bration and testing experiments fully prove that the proposed method has higher accuracy than the state-of-art correction algorithms.

Dynamic inverse control of feedback linearization in ballistic correction based on nose cone swinging

It is a complicated nonlinear controlling problem to conduct a two-dimensional trajectory correction of rockets.By establishing the aerodynamic correction force mathematical model of rockets on nose cone swinging,the linear control is realized by the dynamic inverse nonlinear controlling theory and the three-time-scale separation method.The control ability and the simulation results are also tested and verified.The results show that the output responses of system track the expected curve well and the error is controlled in a given margin.The maximum correction is about±314 m in the lengthwise direction and±1 212 m in the crosswise direction from the moment of 5 s to the drop-point time when the angle of fire is 55°.Thus,based on the dynamic inverse control of feedback linearization,the trajectory correction capability of nose cone swinging can satisfy the requirements of two-dimensional ballistic correction,and the validity and effectiveness of the method are proved.

Near field 3-D imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error correction

This paper combines compressed sensing (CS) imaging theory and range migration algorithm (RMA), and then proposes a near-field three-dimensional (3-D) imaging approach for joint high-resolution imaging and phase error correction. Firstly, a sparse measurement matrix construction method based on a logistic sequence is proposed, which conducts nonlinear transformation for the determined logistic sequence, making it obey uniform distribution, then conducts sign function mapping, and generates the pseudorandom sequence with Bernoulli distribution, thus leading to good signal recovery under down-sampling and easy availability for engineering realization. Secondly, in combination with the RMA imaging approach, the dictionary with all scene information and phase error correction is constructed for CS signal recovery and error correction. Finally, the non-quadratic solution model jointing imaging and phase error correction based on regularization is built, and it is solved by two steps - the separable surrogate functionals (SSF) iterative shrinkage algorithm is adopted to realize target scattering estimate; the iteration mode is adopted for the correction of the dictionary model, so as to achieve the goal of error correction and highly-focused imaging. The proposed approach proves to be effective through numerical simulation and real measurement in anechoic chamber. The results show that, the proposed approach can realize high-resolution imaging in the case of less data; the designed measurement matrix has better non-coherence and easy availability for engineering realization. The proposed approach can effectively correct the phase error, and achieve highly-focused target image. © 2017 Beijing Institute of Aerospace Information.

New Estimates for the Rate of Convergence of the Method of Subspace Corrections

We discuss estimates for the rate of convergence of the method of successive subspace corrections in terms of condition number estimate for the method of parallel subspace corrections.We provide upper bounds and in a special case,a lower bound for preconditioners defined via the method of successive subspace corrections.

Determination of Lethal Concentrations Using an R Software Function Integrating the Abbott Correction

Several thousands of chemical substances are registered every year for different purposes, and sometimes many of them are claimed to play the same role. To establish and compare their toxicities, the determination of the lethal concentrations is usually necessary and should account for natural mortality. However, many of the statistical software packages used for that purpose do not readily integrate control mortality or adjust the best link function to the data during the process. This manuscript proposes an ＂lc＂ function in the R open source that aims at the effective determination of lethal concentrations. Furthermore, it performs the procedure with the appropriate link function. The ＂lc＂ application on the example provided revealed that the complementary log link function is adequate.

Nonlinear instability suppression of closed-loop pilot-vehicle system with rate-limiting actuator based on anti-windup compensation

To solve the flight safety problem caused by nonlinear instabilities（category II pilot induced oscillations, PIOs） of the closed-loop pilot-vehicle system with rate-limiting actuator, the antiwindup（AW） compensation method to avoid category II PIOs is investigated. Firstly, the AW compensation method originally used for controlling input magnitude limited system is introduced, then this method is extended for controlling input rate-limiting system through a circle criterion theorem. Secondly, the establishment of the AW compensator is transformed into the solving of linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an AW compensator establishment algorithm for the closed-loop pilot-vehicle system with the rate-limiting actuator is obtained. The effectiveness of the AW compensation method to avoid category II PIOs is validated by time-domain simulations,and compared with rate-limited feedback（RLF） command rate compensation method. The results show that the AW compensation method can effectively suppress category II PIOs and maintain the nominal performance when the closed-loop pilot-vehicle system is normal. Unlike the command rate compensator which works upon system uninterruptedly, the AW compensation method affects the closed-loop pilot-vehicle system only when the rate-limiting of actuator is activated, so it is a novel PIO avoidance method.

网络球型摄像机瞬时视场的单点校正水位连续测量方法

基于网络球型摄像机进行洪水监测成为当今水利建设的热点之一,摄像机需进行旋转、焦距的放大与缩小等操作,才能在多视场进行流速、水位、流量一体化监测。由于摄像机传动装置制造的缺陷,在多视场切换时会出现预置点不能准确复位的问题而产生隙动差,这给从单张影像上解析水位、流速造成较大偏差,因此本文提出一种针对水位测量的隙动差校正方法。首先对预置点的水位尺进行精确标定,得到预置点水位方程参数,并在影像上选取两个特征明显的校正点;然后在连续监测中,将瞬时视场内校正点影像坐标按线性方法校正到预置点视场校正点;最后用预置点水位方程参数计算瞬时视场水位。经现场试验测试,不同瞬时视场校正点的影像坐标最大有8像素隙动差,产生水位误差达5 cm,而经本文方法计算的水位误差约为5 mm,说明本文方法对消减隙动差的影响是显著的。

考虑起飞工况的航空发动机性能退化预测研究

针对现阶段航空发动机性能退化建模研究没有考虑起飞工况的影响问题,提出了基于修正的非线性维纳过程发动机性能退化建模方法。该方法结合了同类型号发动机的历史性能退化数据与个体发动机的实时退化和工况数据。首先,考虑发动机每次起飞的工况不同,把工况修正引入非线性维纳过程建立发动机的性能退化模型。然后利用极大似然估计方法求得退化模型离线估计值,基于贝叶斯理论对退化参数进行在线更新,最后基于局部线性嵌入算法,对工况参数进行融合构建工况因子,修正退化参数,实现了基于起飞工况的单台发动机性能退化预测。结果表明,采用融合工况因子修正模型,与未修正和压比修正模型相比,平均绝对百分比误差分别降低1.50%和1.01%。证明融合工况因子修正模型能降低发动机起飞工况差异和仅用单工况参数修正所造成的预测误差,可以用来辅助指导下发决策。

基于多尺度梯度域引导滤波的煤矿井下图像增强方法

煤矿井下图像存在较严重的光照不均匀和噪声干扰,现有基于Retinex的方法直接应用于煤矿井下图像增强易出现光晕伪影、边缘模糊、过增强和噪声放大等问题。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于多尺度梯度域引导滤波的煤矿井下图像增强方法。首先,将多尺度思想引入梯度域引导滤波中,实现对非均匀光照的准确估计,有效解决了增强图像时光晕伪影及边缘模糊的问题。然后,利用Retinex模型分离出光照分量和反射分量:对于光照分量,通过自适应伽马校正函数逐像素地修正光照信息,实现对图像暗区域增强的同时,抑制亮区域过增强,并使用限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化方法调整图像对比度;对于反射分量,将梯度域引导滤波与多尺度细节提升相结合,在准确去除噪声后提升纹理细节,避免了增强图像时噪声放大的问题。最后,将处理后的光照分量及反射分量融合,计算图像增益系数,并使用线性色彩恢复方法实现对原始RGB图像的逐像素增强,提升方法处理效率。实验结果表明,从主客观角度与现有方法相比,经所提方法处理后的图像在色彩保持、对比度、噪声抑制、细节保留等方面均取得了较好的增强效果,同时处理效率较高。

多分量LFM干扰及动态环境下DBOC信号的捕获

针对双二进制偏移载波(double binary offset carrier,DBOC)信号在多分量线性调频(linear frequency modulation,LFM)干扰和动态环境下捕获算法缺乏的问题,提出布莱克曼窗预处理结合分数阶傅里叶变换(fractionalFouriertransform,FRFT)的干扰抑制算法以及离散多项式相位变换(discretepolynomial-phase transform,DPT)、部分匹配滤波器(partial matching filter,PMF)结合快速傅里叶变换(fast Fourier transform,FFT)加频谱校正的捕获算法。该算法首先对接收信号做布莱克曼窗预处理,抑制干扰谱线输出旁瓣,提高干扰汇聚的精确性;然后利用分级算法快速搜索信号的最优阶数,在保证精度量级的条件下减少了运算量;最后,在对应的最优阶数下做FRFT,结合干扰判断和轮询算法,逐个完成多分量LFM干扰的抑制。对干扰抑制后的信号首先利用定阶算法确定其动态阶数;然后通过DPT对动态信号做降阶处理,去除动态项;最后利用PMF-FFT加频谱校正完成DBOC信号的捕获。仿真结果表明,所提算法能够准确并完全地对三个LFM干扰分量进行逐个抑制,且抑制后的干扰分量不会对其他干扰分量的抑制造成影响。在检测概率达到1时,经过布莱克曼窗预处理后算法的信噪比比经过汉明窗预处理和经过凯塞窗预处理后算法的信噪比分别提升了4 dB和6.4 dB,比未经过预处理算法的信噪比提升了7.2 dB。此外,使用频谱校正可以突出捕获峰值,提高捕获精度。与未经频谱校正算法相比,经过频谱校正后算法的信噪比提升了1.6 dB,且能减少一定的捕获时间。

国六缸内直喷轻型汽油车污染物劣化特性

为了更加准确地了解轻型汽油车的排放劣化特征,选取了6辆缸内直喷轻型汽油车,进行160 000 km里程累积,分析气态污染物CO、THC、NO_(x)的排放随行驶里程的劣化规律。结果表明,CO、THC、NO_(x)三种污染物的平均劣化系数分别为2.1、1.9和1.3,CO、THC、NO_(x)三种污染物的平均劣化修正值分别为121.8、9.4、3.3。自然吸气车辆污染物和里程的线性关系较涡轮增压车辆更加明显,R^(2)都高于0.5;涡轮增压车辆除了THC的线性拟合较好,CO、NO_(x)与里程的线性关系都较差,出现了明显的波动。有利于准确估算轻型汽油车的尾气排放量,进一步加严机动车污染排放限值,促进空气质量改善。

动磁式直线电机定位误差检测与校正

提出一种针对动磁式直线电机定位方案的误差检测及校正的方法。首先,通过相位检测算法检测传感器阵列的相位偏差是否符合要求;然后,通过幅值相位纠正算法实现对磁场数据归一化,并对小幅度相位偏差引起的位置误差进行校正;最后,对数据采集和处理过程中的延时误差进行补偿。对动子运动方向的磁栅尺寸误差补偿后,定位精度达到了±92μm。

临界电流模式图腾柱无桥功率因数校正换相谐振抑制

工作于临界电流模式下的图腾柱无桥功率因数校正(PFC)电路因其无整流桥损耗、电感体积小、易于实现软开关而得到广泛关注。然而,在输入电压过零点处,工频管之间的换相时刻,电感会与工频管的结电容产生谐振,相应地,电感电流和直流母线电压因此会存在高频振荡。电感电流振荡会加剧输入电流畸变程度,而母线电压上的高频尖峰由于振荡频率高,后级DC-DC变换器难以抑制而传递至负载,导致敏感负载无法正常工作。该文分析线性开关在主动栅极电路中抑制振荡的工作原理,基于线性开关的特性提出三电平驱动方式来抑制图腾柱无桥PFC换相谐振,降低输入电流总谐波畸变率(THD)的同时实现对直流母线的高频尖峰的抑制,在2kW满载工况下,将输入电流THD降低1%,母线电压尖峰高频分量峰值由2.83V减小至0.01 V以下。实验结果表明,该文所提出的三电平驱动方式可以有效抑制临界电流模式图腾柱无桥PFC的换相谐振。

线性学术评价中权重扭曲危害、成因及对策研究——最小均值指标权重修正法

[目的/意义]在线性学术评价中,普遍存在初始权重与实际权重不一致问题。[方法/过程]文章以学术期刊评价为例,在对其产生机制进行理论分析的基础上,研究了其危害,并对现有的几种解决方法的不足进行了剖析,提出一种新的最小均值指标权重修正法,并进行了实证检验。[结果/结论]研究结果表明:最小均值指标权重修正法可以彻底解决自然权重问题;要重视自然权重问题对学术评价科学带来的影响;最小均值指标权重修正法也适用于所有的线性评价。

准同步运行双馈直线电机定子磁场定向方法研究

【目的】本文聚焦于准同步运行双馈直线电机(DFLM)动子电流矢量控制的定子磁场定向问题。针对高速磁浮应用工况下由于动子磁动势远大于定子磁动势而导致的定子磁场信息难以获取问题,以及悬浮控制中动子电流存在谐波注入问题,本文创新性地提出了一种基于动子固结α-β坐标系的定子磁场定向方法及其相应的参数校正方法。【方法】该方法通过误差分析和参数校正,获得足够精度的动子侧参数,从而直接在动子绕组中精确求解占比较小的定子反电动势用于磁场定向。【结果】基于DFLM试验平台对所提方法进行验证,结果表明,在足够精度的动子侧参数下,该磁通观测算法能使定子电流T轴分量收敛并稳定于0 A,实现磁场定向。【结论】本文所提方法能获得足够准确的动子参数,并达到良好的磁场定向效果。且不受动子电流谐波注入的影响,能保持良好的动态性能,维持稳定的磁场定向。

基于分段线性均值修正的风电叶片疲劳寿命计算方法

随着风电机组的大型化,疲劳强度设计成为大型风电叶片设计中的最为关键因素之一。目前风电叶片疲劳寿命的计算方法主要采用传统的简化算法,该方法存在诸多的简化与假设,并不能很好地预测风电叶片实际的疲劳损伤,所以需要一种更为合理的疲劳寿命计算方式。本文根据IEC 61400-5中提出的分段线性均值修正的方法,基于Goodman线性均值修正理论,结合多条已知的疲劳S-N曲线,提出了一种适合大型风电叶片疲劳寿命的计算方法。以目前应用较为广泛的玻纤拉挤板作为分析对象,对比分析了线性均值修正与分段线性均值修正两种方法的差异,最后通过对风电叶片实际疲劳试验损伤的分析以及大型风电叶片主梁疲劳强度的分析,得出如下结论:(1)玻纤拉挤板的疲劳性能并不是线性变化,基于单一S-N曲线的线性预测结果与测试结果存在较大误差,玻纤拉挤板更适合采用基于多条S-N曲线的分段线性CLD模型来描述其疲劳性能的变化,且分段线性均值修正疲劳寿命计算方法能更好地预测试验叶片实际疲劳损伤;(2)叶片设计中更应该关注PS侧主梁的疲劳强度,建议采用基于多条疲劳S-N曲线的分段线性均值修正疲劳寿命计算方法对大型风电叶片的疲劳强度进行计算,提高叶片疲劳设计的可靠性。

Arbitrary High-Order Fully-Decoupled Numerical Schemes for Phase-Field Models of Two-Phase Incompressible Flows

Due to the coupling between the hydrodynamic equation and the phase-field equation in two-phase incompressible flows,it is desirable to develop efficient and high-order accurate numerical schemes that can decouple these two equations.One popular and efficient strategy is to add an explicit stabilizing term to the convective velocity in the phase-field equation to decouple them.The resulting schemes are only first-order accurate in time,and it seems extremely difficult to generalize the idea of stabilization to the second-order or higher version.In this paper,we employ the spectral deferred correction method to improve the temporal accuracy,based on the first-order decoupled and energy-stable scheme constructed by the stabilization idea.The novelty lies in how the decoupling and linear implicit properties are maintained to improve the efficiency.Within the framework of the spatially discretized local discontinuous Galerkin method,the resulting numerical schemes are fully decoupled,efficient,and high-order accurate in both time and space.Numerical experiments are performed to validate the high-order accuracy and efficiency of the methods for solving phase-field models of two-phase incompressible flows.

Enhancing microseismic/acoustic emission source localization accuracy with an outlier-robust kernel density estimation approach

Monitoring sensors in complex engineering environments often record abnormal data,leading to significant positioning errors.To reduce the influence of abnormal arrival times,we introduce an innovative,outlier-robust localization method that integrates kernel density estimation(KDE)with damping linear correction to enhance the precision of microseismic/acoustic emission(MS/AE)source positioning.Our approach systematically addresses abnormal arrival times through a three-step process:initial location by 4-arrival combinations,elimination of outliers based on three-dimensional KDE,and refinement using a linear correction with an adaptive damping factor.We validate our method through lead-breaking experiments,demonstrating over a 23%improvement in positioning accuracy with a maximum error of 9.12 mm(relative error of 15.80%)—outperforming 4 existing methods.Simulations under various system errors,outlier scales,and ratios substantiate our method’s superior performance.Field blasting experiments also confirm the practical applicability,with an average positioning error of 11.71 m(relative error of 7.59%),compared to 23.56,66.09,16.95,and 28.52 m for other methods.This research is significant as it enhances the robustness of MS/AE source localization when confronted with data anomalies.It also provides a practical solution for real-world engineering and safety monitoring applications.

基于输入输出线性化的三电平Boost PFC控制策略

针对传统双闭环控制动态调节时间过长的问题,提出了一种基于输入输出线性化的三电平Boost PFC变换器控制策略。首先,分析了三电平Boost PFC变换器的工作模态,建立了状态空间方程;然后,推导出三电平Boost PFC变换器输入输出非线性模型,判断线性化的可行性,进而对系统进行线性化;最后,利用经典控制理论设计控制器,并增加电压平衡控制,保证变换器的中点电位平衡。仿真结果表明:负载恒定时,输入电流可跟随输入电压相位变化并保持正弦波形,电流波形更为平滑;负载跳变时,电压电流调节迅速,输出电压除纹波稍有变化外,电压平均值保持恒定。证明了所提控制策略具备良好的动、静态特性及强鲁棒性。