Remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network design based on genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm

As the huge computation and easily trapped local optimum in remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain network (RCSCN) design considered, a genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. The total cost of closed-loop supply chain was selected as fitness function, and a unique and tidy coding mode was adopted in the proposed algorithm. Then, some mutation and crossover operators were introduced to achieve discrete optimization of RCSCN structure. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can gain global optimal solution with good convergent performance and rapidity. The computing speed is only 22.16 s, which is shorter than those of the other optimization algorithms.

Closed-loop supply chain network equilibrium strategy model with environmental protection objectives

With the increasing popularity of ecological civilization and sustainable development,enterprises should consider environmental protection measures in their operations in addition to pursue their economic interests.This paper establsihes a closed-loop supply chain network model composed of multiple suppliers,manufacturers,retailers,recyclers,and demand markets—regarding their dual goals of the profit maximization and the minimization of carbon emissions.The conditions necessary for establishing overall equilibrium and an equilibrium model of the entire closed-loop supply chain network are determined by applying variational inequality and dual theory.A modified projection contraction algorithm is used to design a model-solving program.Finally,using numerical examples,the paper conducts a comparative static analysis on important parameters such as the weight coefficients of environmental protection objectives and consumers'awareness of low-carbon environmental protection and attains some beneficial enlightenment on management.The results indicate that when the environmental protection objectives of a certain type of enterprise increases,both the economic benefits and environmental protection performance will improve;when the environmental protection objectives of all enterprises increases simultaneously,environmental protection performance improves significantly,but the changes in economic benefits of different enterprises are inconsistent and profit coordination is more complex.Although consumers’awareness of low-carbon preference could improve environmental performance,it reduces the overall profits of network members and the entire closed-loop supply chain network as a whole.The above conclusions can be used as a reference for the government in designing low-carbon environmental protection policy and in closed-loop supply chain research.

Adding Sub-chain Method for Structural Synthesis of Planar Closed Kinematic Chains

For at least the past five decades,structural synthesis has been used as a main means of finding better mechanisms with some predefined function.In structural synthesis,isomorphism identification is still a problem unsolved well,and to solve this problem is very significant to the design of new mechanisms.According to the given degree of freedom（DOF） and link connection property of planar closed chain mechanisms,vertex assortment is obtained.For solving the isomorphism problem,a method of the adding sub-chains is proposed with the detailed steps and algorithms in the synthesizing process.Employing this method,the identification code and formation code of every topological structure are achieved,therefore many isomorphic structures could be eliminated in time during structural synthesis by comparing those codes among different topological graphs,resulting in the improvement of synthesizing efficiency and accuracy,and the approach for eliminating rigid sub-chains in and after the synthesizing process is also presented.Some examples are given,including how to add sub-chains,how to detect simple rigid sub-chains and how to obtain identification codes and formulation codes et al.Using the adding sub-chain method,the relative information of some common topological graphs is given in the form of table.The comparison result is coincident with many literatures,so the correctness of the adding sub-chain method is convinced.This method will greatly improve the synthesizing efficiency and accuracy,and has a good potential for application.

Pricing and decision of carbon emission reduction for closed-loop supply chain considering carbon trading mechanism

To determine the optimal pricing and carbon emission reduction decision, a closed-loop supply chain with a manufacturer and a retailer is investigated. In this system, the manufacturer manufactures new products and remanufactures used products while the retailer is responsible for selling new products and remanufactured products. The profit functions of the manufacturer and the retailer are developed, and the corresponding solution formulae for decision variables are given by the Stackelberg game model. Finally, a numerical example is given, and the optimal wholesale price, retail price, carbon emission reduction and others are obtained. Through the sensitivity of the unit carbon allowance price, some significant managerial insights are derived.

Improving the Performance of Urban Waste Management Systems in the Context of a Closed-Loop Supply Chain

The saving of non-renewable energies, as well as the reduction of emissions into the environment, are two crucial objectives of industrial production. The recovery of post-consumer products associated with the use of end-of-life products is part of a context of optimization of these objectives. This recovery maximizes the use of resources from end-of-life products in a circular logic while recording the environmental footprint. This study considers a recycling strategy adapted to the need and urgency to reduce greenhouse gas emissions caused by global warming. The proposed model aims to optimize the profits of the circular manufacturing strategies while minimizing operational costs (collection, sorting, recycling), transport, GHG emissions and recycling. In this paper, a compromise between the gains of CM and the costs associated with it was studied. The robustness of the designed model was tested using a case study based on real-world scenarios. A sensitivity analysis was carried out to study the impact of the emission cost on the overall objective, considering the two options currently offered to industries. The obtained results support companies to take the ecological aspect into account and integrate sustainable development into their strategic axes for their logistics supply chains.

Dynamic Pricing Model for the Operation of Closed-Loop Supply Chain System

A class of closed-loop supply chain system consisting of one manufacturer and one supplier is designed, in which re-distribution, remanufacturing and reuse are considered synthetically. The manufacturer is in charge of recollecting and re-disposal the used products. Demands of ultimate products and collecting quantity of used products are described as the function of prices and reference prices. A non-linear dynamic pricing model for this closed-loop supply chain is established. A numerical example is designed, and the results of this example verified the model’s validity to price for the operation of closed-loop supply chain system.

网络舆情事件链演化分析

为防范舆情风险,分析网络舆情的细粒度演化,提出一种去冗余的衍生事件内容关联演化分析框架。通过文本挖掘技术从海量文本流中提取主要的衍生事件,将舆情内容压缩到人工可判读的数量级;利用词移距计算相邻两个时间片上的衍生事件相似度,构建反映演化关系的衍生事件链图。以“上海特斯拉自燃”事件为例进行事件链演化分析,得到微博网络舆情事件发展不同阶段涉事主体在各个衍生事件中的话题转移关系,最后鲁棒性分析的结果验证了该分析方法具有降低微博短文本冗余信息的能力,提高了事件演化关联识别分析的准确性。该研究方法为舆情事件的事后复盘、同类舆情事件的预判和介入、衍生事件的科学研判提供了决策支持。

Decision model for closed loop supply chain with uncertain demand and price-dependent returns

A single product closed-loop supply chain that satisfies an uncertain market demand with original and remanufactured products is considered.The yield of the recovery process is random and depends on the acquisition price offered for the end-of-life products.In such a stochastic setting,a firm needs to make production and procurement decisions so that the total expected profit is maximized.Both centralized and decentralized models are established depending on the party collecting the returns.The optimal acquisition price and production quantities of original and remanufactured products are determined for the firm.The contracts to coordinate the decentralized systems are chosen and the optimal contract parameters are determined.A computational experiment is given to show the effects of recovery parameters on the system performance.Results show that the recovery parameters have a high impact on the profitability of the manufacturer in the centralized model and on that of the collection agency in the decentralized model.

Coordination for a Closed-loop Supply Chain with Recycling Platform Considering Dynamic Setting

This paper presents a dynamic closed-loop supply chain(CLSC)model,incorporating a manufacturer,a retailer,and an internet recycling platform(IRP),utilizing differential game theory while considering the forgetting effect of consumers.The model encompasses factors such as the quality level of used products and Big Data marketing(BDM),comparing optimal equilibriums under decentralized and cooperative decision scenarios.To effectively coordinate the dynamic CLSC at each time point,we propose a revenue-sharing and cost-sharing(RSCS)combined contract.In addition to ensuring reasonable sharing of revenues and costs,this contract allows the manufacturer to flexibly adjust wholesale prices for final products and transfer prices for used products in order to distribute profits appropriately and achieve Pareto optimality within the CLSC system.Furthermore,our results indicate that there exists a threshold for Big Data marketing efficiency;high-efficiency BDM not only facilitates increased recycling on Internet platforms but also reduces unit recycling costs for enterprises.Interestingly,when implementing the combined contract,Big Data marketing efficiency does not impact the transfer price paid by manufacturers to Internet recycling platforms.

中俄次区域产业链供应链重塑的影响研究

俄乌冲突下俄联邦政府产业链供应链出现明显的东转迹象。提升次区域产业链供应链韧性和安全水平是促进中俄经贸合作高质量发展的重要保障,也是健全外循环体系的重要一环。这就需要准确把握俄联邦政府产业链供应链“战略东转”与重塑的新机遇,加快构建以“东北—远东”为主导的区域价值链,扎实推进中俄次区域经济高质量协同发展。在此基础上,需要解决俄远东地区以下四方面问题:一是交通基础设施滞后和薄弱环节突出,即产业链供应链结构安全问题。二是地区生产总值规模小折射出来的有效需求不足,即产业链供应链可持续发展问题。三是财政与金融风险交叉,即产业链供应链风险防范与化解问题。四是人口规模与结构性矛盾并重,即产业链供应链发展环境问题。

一种双主节点的PBFT共识算法

针对区块链中拜占庭类共识算法主节点权限过高导致中心化集权与共识效率低下的问题,提出了一种双主节点的实用拜占庭容错(dual-master node practical Byzantine fault tolerance,DMNPBFT)共识算法。首先确定了区块链节点之间双主节点的权力,通过双主节点的交互模式减少中心化带来的权力集中影响。在信息交易传播过程中将双主节点与秘密分享技术相结合,确保联盟链中所有节点对交易信息达成一致,解决了节点之间为确认共识而造成的由复杂信息传播引起的共识效率较低的问题。双主节点利用秘密分享中的聚合算法生成主密钥并将主密钥与原密钥进行一致性比较,从而完成共识交易。DMNPBFT算法在计算上具备安全性与健壮性,共识轮数量仅有3轮。实验表明,相较于传统PBFT算法,DMNPBFT算法的共识一致性与容错处理能力均显著增强,共识时延减少了97.7%。该算法提高了联盟链节点处理数据的能力,能够在大数据流量下完成联盟链中数据的安全性共识传输操作。

浅析满足国家食用碘盐新标制盐工艺调整及过程控制

随着我国人民生活水平不断提高,不同区域对碘含量的需求发生较大变化,新碘标精准要求应运而生。为了满足新碘标精准要求,本文着重以井矿盐生产流程控制为主进行分析论述,井矿盐食盐生产企业要通过调整制盐生产工艺以及分装过程控制从而达到国家新碘标标准。

Literature Review on Network Design Problems in Closed Loop and Reverse Supply Chains

The productivity of an organization is very much affected by non-value adding activity like logistics, which moves the resources from suppliers to factory, raw materials/semi-finished items within the factory and finished goods from factory to customers via a designated distribution channel called as forward logistics. In some cases, parts of the products such as automobiles, computers, cameras, mobile phones, washing machines, refrigerators, garments, footwear and empty glass bottles of beverages, etc. will be brought back to the factories as a product recovery strategy through reverse logistics network which is integrated in a sustainable closed loop supply chain network. So, it is highly essential to optimize the movement of the items in the reverse logistics network. This paper gives a comprehensive review of literature of the design of networks for the reverse logistics as well as for the reverse logistics coupled with forward logistics. The contributions of the researchers are classified into nine categories based on the methods used to design the logistics network.

Collection Cost Screening Mechanism in a Closedloop Supply Chain

Recently, the product remanufacturing has been a hot topic in the field of operational management, and more manufacturers are beginning to recover the value in their end of life （EOI.） products hy remanufacturing. This paper focuses on the closed loop supply chain where the retailer takes charge of not only retail, but also col- lection. There are two possible types of the retailer＇s collection cost as an assumption, i.e. high cost or low cost, and the retailer knows his type, whereas the manufacturer only has a prior prohability over the two possible cost types. This paper deploys the contracts with which the manufacturer can screen the type of the retailer to improve her profit under incomplete information. As a result, the pooling contract can perfectly coordinate the decentral- ized system under incomplete information, but the manufacturer obtains the lower profit; nevertheless, with the separating contracts the manufacturer obtains the larger profits though the system profit is lower.

全产业链下北京城市副中心星空文旅供应链构建研究

文旅相互融合推动我国文旅产业不断发展,文旅产业与相关产业相互关联推动文旅产业链形成。星空是集文化与旅游为一体的资源,星空文旅产业天然具备经济、文化、生态和社会效益。文章基于星空经济的发展,分析其集旅游、住宿、餐饮、文创、演艺、研学、休闲、会展等产业一体的特征,阐述星空产业供应链的节点组成和结构层次,将其纳入到价值循环体系中,从引入/创造、生产、宣传推广、消费四个阶段构建星空供应链体系。最终结合北京城市副中心星空产业发展现状与发展优势,剖析发展障碍,提出打造北京城市副中心星空经济为副中心文旅业注入新活力,培育城市副中心星空经济新业态,助力充满生机活力的“未来之城”建设的建议,为城市副中心打造文旅产业发展提供新方向、新动能。

改进型椭圆拟合的特征点质心分步提取法

为改善远距离视觉姿态测量系统中测量距离不同造成的质心提取误差,研究了一种基于改进型椭圆拟合的质心分步提取法。首先,对预处理后的图像采用加权灰度质心法快速获取特征点整像素,实现质心粗定位;然后,针对存在重合交叉的边缘,通过8向链码筛选获取光滑连续单像素边缘,对边缘信息归一化后进行椭圆拟合,运用3σ准则剔除拟合粗差点后,输出椭圆中心坐标;最后,通过反归一化获得质心亚像素坐标,实现质心精确定位。仿真结果表明:该方法能有效抑制图像噪声,质心提取精度优于0.05 pixel;将其应用于姿态测量系统中,测量距离为3~15 m时,以精密转台为角度基准,该方法相较于传统椭圆拟合法,最高可提升47%的测角精度。

基于SKC的新型3T并联机构的运动学、奇异性和工作空间分析

基于方位特征(POC)方程的并联机构拓扑设计理论与方法,设计了一种可用于抓取的新型三平移(3T)并联机构。首先,阐述了整个机构的设计过程并对机构的基本拓扑特征进行了分析计算,证明该机构包含两个耦合度κ为0的子运动链(SKC);接着,根据基于拓扑特征的并联机构运动学建模原理,以SKC为序,分别对机构的位置正、反解及其构型进行了求解与分析;然后,根据基于SKC的奇异性分析方法,计算分析了该机构每个SKC内部发生第一和第二类奇异时对应的奇异位形;最后,分析并选取出该机构内部速度传递因数指标较优的任务工作空间。研究为该机构后续的刚度、动力学分析及工程样机设计奠定了基础。

父母积极教养方式对初中生对立违抗性障碍的影响:校园欺凌、心理亚健康的链式中介作用

目的:探究父母积极教养方式与初中生对立违抗性障碍的关系及校园欺凌、心理亚健康在此关系中可能的中介作用,以降低初中生患对立违抗性障碍(ODD)风险。方法:2019年11月采用整群抽样方式抽取武汉市两所中学881名初一学生进行问卷调查。采用破坏性行为障碍评分量表、父母养育方式评价量表、Olweus欺凌问卷、青少年亚健康多维评定问卷分别评估ODD、父母积极教养方式、校园欺凌和心理亚健康状况。采用链式中介模型分析校园欺凌和心理亚健康在父母积极教养方式和ODD关系中的中介作用。结果:839名初中生中(男生53.99%,女生46.01%),父母积极教养方式与校园欺凌、心理亚健康、ODD均呈负相关关系(P<0.01);校园欺凌、心理亚健康、ODD三者之间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。父母积极教养方式能通过心理亚健康、校园欺凌—心理亚健康2条中介路径(效应值分别为-0.096、-0.006)显著预测ODD。结论:父母积极教养方式可以通过心理亚健康、校园欺凌—心理亚健康间接影响ODD。

Pricing and production strategies in remanufacturing from the perspectives of supply chain: Review and future directions

Remanufacturing is widely recognized as beneficial to the environment and a circular economy. However, remanufacturing is more complex than traditional manufacturing due to the effects of government policy, uncertainty of consumer preferences, competition and cooperation among firms, and so on. These factors motivate academics to optimize remanufacturing outcomes, especially for product pricing and production. This study reviews the published literature on pricing and production strategies in remanufacturing from four perspectives of supply chain, namely, government policy, consumer characteristics, relationships among firms, and supply chain structures. Review results can benefit scholars/practitioners in the future by highlighting the challenges and opportunities in remanufacturing strategies.

精敏供应链的综述及展望

系统回顾了供应链策略从精益、敏捷到精敏的发展历程;从降低供应链运作及管理的复杂度考虑,提出子供应链的概念并分析了精益与敏捷子供应链如何串、并行集成为精敏模式及相应的优势;最后展望了进一步的研究方向。