The Problem Related With Community Radio Concept and Restarting of Community Radio in Sri Lanka

Community radio can be considered as an appropriate media of developing the knowledge and attitudes of listeners by clearly identifying their ideas. Community radio services aid to motivate the community participation in communication successfully, as well as to strength the cultural rights of community. It is a current necessity to use community radio services in the process of obtaining successful results through the currently activated developing projects in Sri Lanka. Many countries in the world use this system to succeed their development projects. In this background, there is a necessity to explore the developmental competencies of community radio in Sri Lanka. Community interests for restarting the community radio in Kothmale, Mahaelluppallama and Giradurukotte were identified by the field research. This research proposes a noval format to restarting and continuous implementation of community radio in Sri Lanka, with the factors revealed in the survey. This project is activated under several steps as a collaborative project of Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation （SLBC）, the Department of Mass Communication, University of Kelaniya and the community. Proposed community radio will be controlled by a co-administrative system of University of Kelaniya and community. Technical support and frequency will be taken from Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corperation. The content of programs for community radio will be selected by University of Kelaniya and the community. Financial support will be given by the University of Kalaniya for a period of one year. After that, community radio should get the responsibility for its sustainability. Funds will be obtained through various departmental projects, public services, state and non-governmental organization. Those organizations don＇t have a media to implement programs which focuses on rural development. This new radio format could be used for that purpose. This model named as Campus Community Radio （CCR）. It is important to discuss the restarting of community radio services in Sri Lanka, based on the facts such as the incapability of supplying the necessities of listeners in a background of hypermedia. In addition, failure of identifying the developmental expectations of listeners for the radio services in a national level and the usage of community radio services by many countries in the world such as Philippines and India for the success of their rural projects.

Mechanism for Building Child-Friendly Communities Based on Multi-Party Co-Construction:A Case Study on Community Practice in Changsha

Based on the interpretation of the Child-Friendly Cities Initiative(CFCI),this paper empirically demonstrates an effective action mechanism for building child-friendly communities in the policy context of multi-party co-construction by taking urban communities in Changsha as a longterm practice base.Through analyzing the characteristics of roles and action mechanisms of participants in three different types of child-friendly communities,namely Fengquan Gujing Community,Xingfuli Community,and Baziqiang Community in Changsha,it finds that social forces,such as the community Party organization,enterprises,universities,social organizations,elementary and secondary schools of the community,and mass organizations,are"participants"in building child-friendly communities and mobilizing residents(including children).In addition,the three necessary conditions for building a child-friendly community are"core guideline,""awareness consensus,"and"action coordination."All parties involved need to act together based on one platform,with one party playing a central role in connecting the top and the bottom and integrating resources.Among the three communities which have benefited from Changsha’s child-friendly city policy environment,Fengquan Gujing Community stands out in terms of the effectiveness of multi-party co-construction by giving full play to the central role of the community Party organization and the university’s role in improving awareness consensus.

Architecture for mobile group communication in campus environment

The demand for group communication using smart devices in campus environment is increasing rapidly. In this paper, we design an architecture for a mobile group communication system （MGCS） on campus by using Wi-Fi networks and smart devices. The architecture is composed of a web-based system and a smart device based mobile system. Through the systems, users on campus create community/mobile group, maintain dynamic group membership, and reliably deliver the message to other users. We use the common features of many smart devices to develop a prototype that works on off-the-shelf hardware. In the experimental section, we demonstrate our system using various real scenarios which can occur in university campuses.

Individual environmental behavior： A key role in building lowcarbon communities in China

People＇s social behavior, especially environ- mental behavior, has a great impact on energy consump- tion and carbon emission. This paper explores both categories of individual factors （e.g., values, habits, education, motivation, etc.） and social factors （e.g., institution, infrastructure, encouragement, etc.）, to clarify the correlation between them and their sub-factors. Low- carbon campus is a representative type of low-carbon community which is less difficult to build than other communities because university students are well-edu- cated and, to some extent, are more environmental aware and more willing to change their behaviors. The energy- saving and environment-friendly policies implemented on campus are collected and overviewed in this paper. Additionally, the leaders and employees from the related administration departments are interviewed, and the data of electricity amount and water usage are analyzed and a well-designed questionnaire is handed out in a survey. The survey investigates the environmental knowledge, energy use habits, attitude toward low-carbon transformation, comments on the current institution and so on. The results show that different groups of students have varied levels of environmental knowledge, energy use habits, and attitude toward low-carbon campus management. To improve energy conservation and cut carbon emission radically, advices on building low-carbon community are also proposed including professional curriculums of environ- mental protection, economic initiatives, effect manage- ment, good communications, and sound infrastructures and facilities.