Impact of coupling coordination development of port and city environments on urban economic competitiveness:Evidence from the coastal port cities in eastern China

Promoting the coupling coordination development of port and its hinterland city environments is an important way to improve urban economic competitiveness.Based on relevant data of 13 coastal port cities in eastern China from 2000 to 2018,this study explores the coupling coordination development of port and city environments and its impact on urban economic competitiveness by constructing the coupling coordination degree model and the panel threshold model.The research results show that:(1)In terms of the coupling coordination development of port and city environments,most coastal ports and their hinterland cities are in a state of moderate or serious disorder.Overall,the degree of coupling coordination of port and city environments needs to be further improved;(2)The coupling coordination degree of port and city environments has a significant impact on urban economic competitiveness,and this effect gradually increases with the development of the ports and the urban economy.Among the variables that impact the urban economic competitiveness,fixed assets investment and foreign trade are significant factors that can enhance urban economic competitiveness.(3)At present,there is a“U-shaped”relationship between the coupling coordination degree of port-city environments and the urban economic competitiveness.This relationship lies on the right side of the inflection point of the“U-shaped”curve.Therefore,following the concept of assigning priority to ecological development,expanding fixed assets investment and actively developing foreign trade can further enhance the urban economic competitiveness.

Patient Safety in the Use of Mechanical Restraints: Regulatory Compliance among Hospitals in the City of Buenos Aires and Proposal for Its Improvement

Introduction: Mechanical or physical restraint is an exceptional therapeutic resource to immobilize a subject and thus guarantee the safety of the patient and/or third parties in the face of high-risk behaviors, but it entails multiple crossings (bioethical, philosophical, medical, psychological, legal). Framed in the so-called “safety culture” developed by the WHO, based on the Protocol for its implementation of the CABA and attentive to its frequent use in CABA by different hospital services (medical clinic, geriatrics, intensive care and medical guards) we consider it necessary its study in terms of compliance with the risks it entails and its management. Objectives: Identify regulatory compliance with the GCABA Mechanical restraint (MR) Protocol from a patient safety perspective, as well as describe the clinical and medicolegal aspects, and propose the usefulness of a tool for its management and control. Methodology: Observational, descriptive, transversal and prospective work through the analysis of Clinical Records with indication of MR using a rubric-type form. 177 cases were analyzed between September-November 2023 from three hospitals of the Government of the City of Buenos Aires, statistical parameters were applied and graphs were made. Results: Only 12.99% complied with the Protocol. In the mental health specialized hospital compliance was almost 5 times greater than in the general one, and in the emergency services compliance was 12 times greater than in Inpatient services. We found that the start or end time of MR was not recorded and only 43% described the causes/justifications for the indication (mostly in Emergency and Specialized hospitals), with the MR average time being shorter in Emergency. Conclusions: Only 1.3 out of 10 patients reliably completed the Protocol and it was mostly in the mental health specialized hospital and the emergency services. The results show non-compliance behavior in the application and management of the risk that the use of mechanical restraints entails, being causes for criminal litigation. We consider that the checklists are useful to complete the Protocol and thus provide security to patients and professionals.

Planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area(city of over 5 million people):Contributions of China’s geologists and urban geology

China established Xiong’an New Area in Hebei Province in 2017,which is planned to accommodate about 5 million people,aiming to relieve Beijing City of the functions non-essential to its role as China’s capital and to expedite the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.From 2017 to 2021,the China Geological Survey(CGS)took the lead in multi-factor urban geological surveys involving space,resources,environments,and disasters according to the general requirements of“global vision,international standards,distinctive Chinese features,and future-oriented goals”in Xiong’an New Area,identifying the engineering geologic conditions and geologic environmental challenges of this area.The achievements also include a 3D engineering geological structure model for the whole area,along with“one city proper and five clusters”,insights into the ecology and the background endowment of natural resources like land,geothermal resources,groundwater,and wetland of the area before engineering construction,a comprehensive monitoring network of resources and environments in the area,and the“Transparent Xiong’an”geological information platform that is open,shared,dynamically updated,and three-dimensionally visualized.China’s geologists and urban geology have played a significant role in the urban planning and construction of Xiong’an New Area,providing whole-process geological solutions for urban planning,construction,operation and management.The future urban construction of Xiong’an New Area will necessitate the theoretical and technical support of earth system science(ESS)from various aspects,and the purpose is to enhance the resilience of the new type of city and to provide support for the green,low-carbon,and sustainable development of this area.

Changes of Wetland Landscape Pattern in New Coastal District of Tianjin City

With the wetland landscape in New Coastal District of Tianjin City as the chief study objective and based on the remote sensing and non-remote sensing data of ETM/TM with 1999-2007 as the time scale and the new administrative region of New Coastal District as the space (scale) scope, this paper conducted the study on the landscape pattern change. The results showed that the natural wetland and agricultural land tended to decrease, while the saltern, maricultural areas and construction land increased apparently. The overall landscape shape tended to develop in simplification and regulation and with the development of population and social economy, human’s intervention to the landscape was getting improved.

Preliminary Analysis of Sea Use Planning Strategies in Coastal Cities:A Case Study of Binhai New Area in Tianjin City

Through investigating current sea use in coastal cities of China,and exploring foreign and domestic researches on sea use,this paper took Binhai New Area of Tianjin City for example to analyze major problems of its sea use in ecological security,planar form,land use layout,specialized planning,management and regulatory mechanism,then proposed strategies from 4 perspectives,namely ecological conservation and restoration,optimization of planning planar form,optimization of planning land use layout,and planning management,in order to provide references and instructions for the sea use planning of Chinese coastal cities.

Study on City Environment,Safety and Health from the Viewpoint of Ecological Risks

Urban ecological risk analysis is a relatively new study field.Rapid industrial modernization and urbanization have significantly improved the living standards of the city.However,as environmental,safety and health issues are causing widespread concern,these problems have potential serious threat on ecosystems and human health.So how to solve many problems arising from city has become a key to sustainable development of human civilization.The present article analyzed the major problems that the city confronts and pointed out the main measures from the aspects of urban environment,safety and health.

Order Exponential Evaluation Model for Road Traffic Safety in City Clusters

This study presents an order exponential model for estimating road traffic safety in city clusters.The proposed model introduces the traffic flow intrinsic properties and uses the characteristics and regular patterns of traffic development to identify road traffic safety levels in city clusters.Additionally,an evaluation index system of city cluster road traffic safety was constructed based on the spatial and temporal distribution.Then Order Exponential Evaluation Model(OEEM),a comprehensive model using order exponent function for road traffic safety evaluation,was put forward,which considers the main characteristics and the generation process of traffic accidents.The model effectively controlled the unsafe behavior of the traffic system.It could define the levels of city cluster road traffic safety and dynamically detect road safety risk.The proposed model was verified with statistical data from three Chinese city clusters by comparing the common model for road traffic safety with an ideal model.The results indicate that the order exponent approach undertaken in this study can be extended and applied to other research topics and fields.

Safe Vegetable Consumption in Hue City:A Case Study of Food Safety Situation in Vietnam

Food safety has become a growing concern for citizens in the modern society when consuming unsafe food that directly impacts public health,life quality and well-being of each country.People of Vietnam in general and specially in Hue city have been facing challenge of vegetable unsafety.A survey concerning the consumption of safe vegetables was conducted in Hue city,Vietnam.Data were collected by using a well-structured questionnaire from representative of 30 consumers,30 producers and 10 collectors.The results showed that lettuce,sweet potato and Chinese mustard were identified as the most important vegetables to consumers in Hue city.Most of the consumers purchased vegetable every day.The cost of vegetable in every transaction was about 30,000 VND.This expenditure has not created a great motivation for developing safe vegetable production.Most of the consumers in Hue city showed high interest,demand,trust and satisfaction for safe vegetable.However,50%of the consumers reported that the price of the safe vegetable was quite expensive and price was not matched with their quality.Moreover,there were some disadvantages in each stage of vegetable supply chain.For example,land,seed,capital,cultivation techniques,preliminary processing,preservation,brand name,trademark and place to consume have not met the requirement of high technology production for the supply chain of safe vegetables.The chain linking between the production and consumption of vegetables is not sustainable.Producers and consumers do not have closely links.Vegetable can not be traced to origin and there is no safe certificate.The consumers believe the quality of vegetables depending on the prestige suppliers,such as,the vegetable shops with foreign consultants.Safe vegetables of farmers are very difficult to be certified for safe vegetables.Solutions and suggestions to Hue city are proposed that it is necessary to establish the vegetable production area in Hue city.Vegetable growers should be supported with capital,knowledge,technology,vegetable preliminary processing and preservation.They should be supported to build a trademark and certificate of vegetable safety and establish the chains of effective safe vegetable consumption.

Qingdao A Coastal Opening City

In eastern China, Qingdao is an important coastal opening city and a hub of the economy. Since 1992 the city government has planned a programme to develop Qingdao into a modern international city focussed on an industrial park, three districts and three strips projects. Under a concerted effort the city’s economic construction and opening up has shown vibrant prospects for development.

构建“安全韧性城市”:概念、理论与实施路径

韧性城市的理念在国内外受到广泛的关注,并处于不断发展深化的过程中。在梳理安全学科中韧性和韧性城市的代表性理论观点、指标体系和实践案例的基础上,提出构建安全韧性城市的概念与理论分析模型,并在参考已有典型案例基础上提出具体的实施路径,以便为构建安全韧性城市提供理论基础与实践指导。

京津冀城市群综合承灾能力时空异质性研究

基于2010—2020年京津冀城市群13个城市的调查数据,应用Kernel密度估计方法、空间自相关模型及Dagum基尼系数,分析不同时期京津冀城市群综合承灾能力时空动态演进分布格局及地区差异。结果表明:(1)在时间维度,2010—2020年京津冀城市群综合承灾能力总体呈现逐渐上升趋势,但京津冀城市群各市之间的承灾能力水平差距逐渐增大,区域整体呈现非均衡特征;(2)在空间维度,2010—2020年京津冀城市群综合承灾能力在空间分布上关联度较低,不存在显著的集聚或分散特征,但有局部地区产生聚集特点,属于“高-高”“低-低”空间聚集型城市较多,在此期间京津冀城市群综合承灾能力呈现空间集聚与空间分异并存;(3)京津冀城市群综合承灾能力的总体差异呈现上升趋势,北京-河北地区间差异最大,地区间差异是总体差异的主要来源。掌握京津冀城市群综合承灾能力的时空分布变化规律,并制订相应的防灾策略是京津冀城市群有效应对外部冲击以及实现京津冀地区协同与高质量发展国家战略的重要支撑。

锦州市规划区地质环境安全评价研究

地质环境问题是影响城市国土空间安全开发利用的重要因素,在城市规划开发阶段开展地质环境综合评价可有效控制地质灾害风险。锦州市规划区尚处于开发前期,本文基于该规划区的地质条件和开发需求,构建了地质环境安全评价指标和评价方法体系,基于主导因素综合法开展了地质环境安全综合评价。根据评价结果,锦州市规划区地质环境安全程度可划分为3级,空间分布上以相对安全区为主,其次为次不安全区和安全区。按照空间位置和区域构造稳定性、地质灾害易发性等不同成因划分为23个亚区,并指出了每个亚区安全程度主要影响因素。该评价结果反映了锦州市规划区的地质环境安全程度,确定了影响地质环境安全问题的关键因素,有助于规避该区国土空间规划开发可能面临的地质灾害风险。

我国沿海地区城市洪(潮)涝成因及应对策略——以深圳市为例

沿海地区受地理位置、全球气候变化和城市化快速发展等影响,城市洪(潮)涝灾害频发,已成为影响我国沿海地区城市公共安全的突出问题,严重制约经济社会可持续健康发展。根据城市水文循环过程,综合考虑致灾因子、孕灾环境和承灾体等,将沿海地区城市洪(潮)涝成因概括为“先天不足—后天变化”两个方面,并以深圳市为例进行了深入分析。在此基础上,从提高防洪(潮)和排涝能力,协调防洪、除涝、排水标准,科学规划城市发展,充分考虑地下空间竖向设计,全面加强流域统一管理5个方面提出沿海地区城市洪(潮)涝应对策略,为沿海地区城市防洪(潮)、除涝工程体系建设和城市洪(潮)涝风险管理提供支撑。

依嵌而融:东部沿海城市各民族交往交流交融的多维互嵌要素研究

东部沿海城市已成为各民族交往交流交融和全方位相互嵌入的重要场域。人口要素、空间互嵌、经济互嵌和文化互嵌构成了民族交往交流交融的社会基础、场域环境、物质条件和精神依归。以天津市为例,在人口基础要素方面,民族成份齐全多元,少数民族流动人口规模增长较快等,使得各民族社会交往的人口资源增量较为丰富。在空间互嵌环境方面,民族空间交往的场域环境存具区际分布结构、民族聚居结构和社区互嵌结构的差异性。在经济互嵌条件方面,民族就业领域存在集中化现象,各民族围绕职业领域和就业分布进行民族生产交往。在文化互嵌依归方面,通过各民族文化互嵌共生,强化中华文化认同与国家认同教育,增进了民族精神交往。要坚持“并重”思维,理性看待民族就业分布集中化现象,在把握客观规律的基础上建设民族互嵌式社区,顺势而为地推动东部沿海城市各民族广泛交往、全面交流和深度交融。

公共安全领域工程科技未来20年发展战略研究

安全是人类生存和发展的基本问题,建设更高水平的平安中国是实现高质量发展的紧迫要求,也是新发展阶段的重要目标。本文旨在展望2040年公共安全领域工程科技的远景目标,为我国公共安全建设的发展战略和工程科技项目部署提供支撑。以未来新形势与新技术发展背景下的公共安全领域科技发展态势为导向,全面分析了世界公共安全科技发展现状与发展趋势;重点围绕自然灾害防御、事故灾难防范、安全韧性城市、综合应急4个领域,剖析了我国公共安全领域的发展需求。在此基础上,提出了我国公共安全领域工程科技发展的思路、战略目标与总体框架,总结了我国公共安全领域工程科技的发展方向,涵盖重点任务、基础研究方向、重大工程与重大工程科技项目。最后,针对我国公共安全领域的科技发展路径,从政策与研究体系方面提出了发展建议。

变化环境下长江流域滨海城市供水安全与适应性对策

全球气候变化和高强度人类活动影响导致长江流域水循环变化及相关联的城市群水资源供需矛盾问题,尤其在长江下游上海等滨海城市供水安全问题更加凸显,这已成为长江大保护十分关注的重要问题之一。以典型滨海城市上海为例,重点论述变化环境对长江流域的供水安全风险问题;分析当前和未来上海城市供水极端干旱影响、长江淡水与河口咸潮互动供水窗口压力,以及上海城市供水管理综合运用工程措施和预警预报、调度等非工程措施的挑战;提出若干对策与建议,包括供水安全保障的系统思维与战略规划、提升城市供水安全的系统智能化与智慧化管理水平以及完善供水安全保障的管理体系。

上海市域铁路新建项目工程验收办法及安全评估方案研究

[目的]上海市域铁路已有多个项目开工建设,但目前尚无明确的市域铁路新建项目工程验收办法及安全评估管理办法。为了对市域铁路新建项目工程验收、安全评估等管理办法的制定提供合理化建议,亟需开展市域铁路项目工程验收办法及安全评估方案的研究。[方法]从主要技术标准、建设及运营特点两方面,分析了市域铁路同地铁、国家铁路的差异。阐述了地铁、国家铁路建设项目工程验收及安全评估程序,讨论了二者在项目验收组织、验收程序及验收内容等方面的差异。在此基础上,针对上海市域铁路新建项目工程验收及安全评估的具体工作流程,提出了2个备选方案(方案一、方案二),并对2个方案进行了比选,提出适用于上海市域铁路新建项目验收及安全评估工作流程的建议方案。[结果及结论]上海市域铁路新建项目的工程验收及安全评估建议采用方案二,即上海市域铁路项目工程验收的程序及组织方式基本沿用地铁模式,并参照国家铁路项目的标准设置联调联试流程。

基于机器学习的涉海企业类型识别及其空间组织特征的城市比较研究

在推进海洋强国建设的进程中,海洋产业是海洋经济增长的最直接对象,而其空间布局与产业组织特征的研究是最具基础性的工作之一。选取4个代表性城市为研究区,基于海洋企业的工商登记信息,爬取空间坐标构建POI产业信息数据库。使用人工神经网络等机器学习算法识别各企业所属的行业,综合运用GIS空间分析方法,分析海洋产业集群的空间分异性规律。结果表明:1)从空间格局特征看,总体呈“大分散、小集聚”的均衡格局,多类别对比显示企业选址存在行业集聚性,同时具有空间极化特征,陆海关系上体现为海岸带高密度单峰或“海岸带-市中心”双峰分布格局。2)从空间组织模式看,产业集群存在与人口规模、行政等级相对应的多层次等级位序特征;除单核心结构外,多核心结构中一般表现为“主-次双核心”或者“一主多次放射状”,核心区间产生空间联系形成多节点的轴线或网络结构。3)从空间匹配关系看,椭圆面积与城市面积呈正相关,椭圆长轴方向与海岸线延伸方向相近,产业分布与城市行政中心、港口等交通枢纽、海湾地形、海岸线等空间要素存在明确的匹配关系。