Sensitivity of Chinese Industrial Wastewater Discharge Reduction to Direct Input Coefficients in an Input-output Context

Industrial wastewater discharge in China is increasing with the country′s economic development and it is worthy of concern. The discharge is primarily relevant to the direct discharge coefficient of each sector of the economy, its direct input coefficient and the final demand in input-output models. In this study, we calculated the sensitivity of the reduction in the Chinese industrial wastewater discharge using the direct input coefficients based on the theory of error-transmission in an input-output framework. Using input-output models, we calculated the direct and total industrial wastewater discharge coefficients. Analysis of 2007 input-output data of 30 sectors of the Chinese economy and of 30 provincial regions of China indicates that by lowering their direct input coefficients, the manufacturers of textiles, paper and paper products, chemical products, smelting and metal pressing, telecommunication equipment, computers and other electronic equipment will significantly reduce their amounts of industrial wastewater discharge. By lowering intra-provincial direct input coefficients to industrial sectors themselves of Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang, there will be a significant reduction in industrial wastewater discharge for the country as a whole. Investment in production technology and improvement in organizational efficiency in these sectors and in these provinces can help lessen the direct input coefficients, thereby effectively achieving a reduction in industrial wastewater discharge in China via industrial restructuring.

Emergency Energy Management of Microgrid in Industrial Park Basedon Robust Optimization

Reducing the impact of power outages and maintaining the power supply duration must be considered in implementing emergency energy dispatching in micro-networks.This paper studies a new emergency energy treatment method based on the robust optimal method and the industrial park micro-network with the optical energy storage system.After controlling the load input,a control strategy of adjusting and removing is proposed.Rolling optimal theory is applied to emergency energy scheduling based on a robust optimal mathematical model.A weighting factor is introduced into the optimal model to balance the importance of reducing and retaining the power supply.Uncertainty is designed to adjust the effect of uncertainty on the problem.The example shows that this method can flexibly set the weight coefficient and uncertainty value according to the actual situation so that the input of the control load can be optimized.

Effectiveness of Land Use Structure Evolution to Industrial Structure Transformation

Scarcity of land resources and transformation of industrial structure is a pair of contradictory elements.We derive the characteristics of land use structure and industrial structure transformation in Xining City using Transformation Coefficient(TC):first,in the period 1999-2000,the land use structure coefficient(θ1) declined by 79.55%,but the overall evolution trend is gentle;second,the transformation coefficient of industrial structure(θ2) tended to decline ceaselessly on the whole,a decrease of 36.09%(overall,the transformation coefficient of industrial structure is slightly greater than the land use structure coefficient);third,the inter-annual variation of the two experienced ups and downs(in the period 1999-2007,the inter-annual variation was great and in the period 2008-2010,the inter-annual variation tended to be gentle).On the basis of autocorrelation and co-integration model,we draw the following conclusions through analysis:first,the land use structure in Xining City plays a role in promoting industrial structure transformation;second,there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the two.Finally,relevant policy recommendations are put forward for the industrial development in Xining City.

Effects of Environmental Resources on Industrial Agglomeration

Firstly,agriculture,industry and tourism in the Yangtze River Delta,Pearl River Delta and Bohai Economic Rim were chosen to represent the primary,secondary and tertiary industries respectively,and industrial agglomeration in the three economic zones was analyzed using location quotient coefficient method.Afterwards,the critical factors influencing industrial agglomeration were discussed using gray correlation analysis.The results showed that industrial agglomeration of agriculture,industry and tourism formed gradually in the three economic zones,and the critical factors influencing industrial agglomeration were human capital,science and technology progress,and natural resources.Meanwhile,environmental pollution affected and restricted the development of industrial agglomeration.

Improving Method of Anomaly Detection Performance for Industrial IoT Environment

Industrial Control System(ICS),which is based on Industrial IoT(IIoT),has an intelligent mobile environment that supports various mobility,but there is a limit to relying only on the physical security of the ICS environment.Due to various threat factors that can disrupt the workflow of the IIoT,machine learning-based anomaly detection technologies are being presented;it is also essential to study for increasing detection performance to minimize model errors for promoting stable ICS operation.In this paper,we established the requirements for improving the anomaly detection performance in the IIoT-based ICS environment by analyzing the related cases.After that,we presented an improving method of the performance of a machine learning model specialized for IIoT-based ICS,which increases the detection rate by applying correlation coefficients and clustering;it provides a mechanism to predict thresholds on a per-sequence.Likewise,we adopted the HAI dataset environment that actively reflected the characteristics of IIoT-based ICS and demonstrated that performance could be improved through comparative experiments with the traditional method and our proposed method.The presented method can further improve the performance of commonly applied error-based detection techniques and includes a primary method that can be enhanced over existing detection techniques by analyzing correlation coefficients between features to consider feedback between ICS components.Those can contribute to improving the performance of several detection models applied in ICS and other areas.

Research on Coordination between Industrial Structure and Employment Structure in Shandong Province

Industrial structure has been continuously optimized and upgraded with the rapid development of economy in Shandong Province since1980. On the basis of summarizing the changes of industrial structure and employment structure in Shandong Province,the coordination between industrial structure and employment structure in Shandong Province was analyzed by using structure deviation degree and coordination coefficient,and some suggestions to promote the coordinated development of industrial structure and employment structure were put forward according to the practical situations of Shandong Province.

Will China Stop Halfway on the Road to Industrialization?

Based on the data published by authorities in People’s Daily,to meet the domestic primary energy need of 4.4bntons of standard coal in 2020,the energy elasticity coefficient should be unreasonably low.We therefore question thereasonableness of this scenario thus designed and instead propose different scenarios and estimate the possible energydemands needed for the whole country’s industrialization and sustainable development.We point out that to meet thefuture energy consumption target of drawing 15 percent of energy from renewable sources and reducing carbon dioxideemissions by 40 to 45 percent from 2005 levels,we must focus on developing renewable energy like solar,wind and biomassenergy,etc.

环境规制、数据要素配置水平与产业结构调整

文章基于数字经济、绿色经济发展深刻影响产业结构转型升级进程这一背景,首先在理论分析的基础上构建了数据要素配置水平综合评价指标体系;然后采用Dagum基尼系数对数据要素配置水平的空间差异及主要来源进行分解测算;最后,基于2012—2019年省级面板数据探讨了环境规制的结构调整红利及数据要素有效配置的渠道效应。研究结果显示,我国数据要素配置水平总体空间差异明显,且区域间差异为主要来源,区域内差异次之。环境规制对产业结构升级存在先促进后抑制的“倒U”型影响,数据要素配置也有显著促进作用。动态边际效应结果显示,在研究期内环境规制所带来的产业结构“调整红利”正在逐渐弱化,数据要素优化配置可充当环境规制促进产业结构升级的有效路径,且从子维度来看,数据传播共享的渠道效应最为显著。数据要素配置的网络外部性特征对环境规制和产业结构优化的调节作用在不同地区所呈现的阶段性特征不同。

数字经济对国民经济的引领作用研究——基于多区域投入产出表

为探究数字经济对国民经济发展的作用效果,编制中国数字经济多区域投入产出表,将产业关联系数的计算拓展到多地区多部门情形,并通过定义溢出效应来区分各地区数字经济发展对地区内外经济拉动和推动的差异化效果。研究发现:数字经济对国民经济发展的拉动效应强于推动效应。东部地区已经实现服务业拉动转向数字产业拉动的动力转换,中西部地区则展现了由工业拉动直接转向数字产业拉动经济发展的演变模式;各地区数字经济发展主要拉动和推动本地区经济增长,但数字经济对拉动和推动城市群内部经济协调发展效果显著,如长三角和珠三角等区域;经济发展水平较高地区的数字产业属于“消费依赖型”产业;而工业发达地区和欠发达地区数字经济发展更依赖于投资。研究数字经济与实体经济融合发展具有重要的理论价值与现实意义,据此提出推动数字经济发展的政策参考。

中国粮食种植业碳效应时空演化及碳排放公平性

农业低碳转型背景下,准确把握粮食种植业碳效应时空演化及碳排放公平性特征对实现地区生态正义具有重要意义。基于2000—2021年省域面板数据,采用碳排放因子法测算中国30个省区的粮食种植业碳效应,利用核密度估计方法探析时空演化,运用Dagum基尼系数法刻画并解构全国粮食种植业碳排放公平性。研究表明:(1)从时空特征看,粮食种植业碳效应呈现波动上升的净碳汇特征,具体表现为“东强西弱,北高南低”的空间格局,且伴随明显的“马太效应”。在碳效应结构上,秸秆燃烧与玉米种植分别是粮食种植业最主要的碳源与碳汇。(2)从演化趋势来看,全国粮食种植业碳效应的非均衡性呈扩大趋势;在三大主粮中,水稻碳效应非均衡性有所减弱,小麦与玉米碳效应非均衡性均持续上升。(3)从碳排放公平性来看,区域间碳排放差异已成为影响公平性的最主要因素,基尼系数呈“快速上升-波动震荡-缓慢回落”特征,全国粮食种植业碳排放始终处于较公平区间,整体公平性呈改善态势;在三大主粮中,水稻碳排放公平性最低,玉米碳排放公平性最高。最后,提出了采取差异化固碳减排策略、构建低碳发展跨区协作机制、完善碳排放责任分摊机制、探索粮食碳汇交易试点等建议,以期推动我国粮食种植业实现低碳转型发展。

粮食安全背景下粮食产业高质量发展水平测度及空间演变分析

采用综合赋权法测度2012—2021年中国三大功能区的粮食产业高质量发展水平,并借助Dagum基尼系数和Kernel密度估计进一步探究粮食产业高质量发展的空间演变。研究表明:考察期内,全国和三大功能区粮食产业高质量发展总体呈现稳步上升的态势,但存在显著的地区不平衡,特别是党的十九大之后,三大功能区粮食产业高质量发展水平都有不同幅度的提升,其中主销区的粮食产业高质量发展水平较高,而产销平衡区的粮食产业高质量发展水平相对较低;三大功能区粮食产业高质量发展空间非均衡程度呈波动上升趋势,其总体差距主要源于区域间差距;全国及三大功能区粮食产业高质量发展的演进脉络呈现梯度效应和多极化现象,区域之间存在较大的差异,存在“优中更优”的现象。

建筑业碳配额分配机制优化研究

在碳交易机制背景下,通过对2019—2021年建筑业碳排放情况进行分析,发现现有建筑业碳配额分配制度缺乏公平性。因此,建立了基于灰色预测模型(Gray Forecasting Model,GM(1,1))和熵值-变异系数法的碳配额分配模型,最终得出了2030年建筑业生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)的碳配额分配结果。结果表明:以2030年为基准年,建材生产阶段的碳配额总量将达到381772.82万t,建筑施工阶段将达到72290.66万t,建筑运行阶段将达到244807.03万t。在分配总量控制不变的前提下,各阶段碳排放源中,水泥生产、电力消耗、城镇居住建筑及公共建筑运行需要大幅度降低碳排放量才有可能达到目标。建筑行业可参考此碳配额分配标准控制各阶段的碳排放量,以达到行业减排标准。

先进制造业与现代物流业融合的地区差异研究

基于2003—2020年我国先进制造业与现代物流业面板数据,采用耦合协调模型测度先进制造业与现代物流业的融合发展水平,运用核密度估计法、Dagum基尼系数分析其分布动态及地区差异,测度我国先进制造业与现代物流业融合发展水平,并探析其区域差异。结果表明:第一,中国各省份先进制造业与现代物流业的融合发展水平非均衡,呈东部最高、中部次之,西部及东北较为落后的空间分布特征。第二,东部地区、中部地区先进制造业与现代物流业的融合发展水平均呈现上升趋势,西部地区和东北地区“两业融合”发展水平呈下降态势。第三,东部、中部先进制造业与现代物流业融合发展水平的地区内差异呈波动增长的态势,表现出两极分化,“两业融合”地区间差异贡献度对整体差异贡献最大。

共同富裕背景下广东农村产业融合发展水平测度与空间演变分析

农村产业融合发展是实现共同富裕的前提和关键要素,也是推进共同富裕的主要动力。在此背景下,以广东省为例研究农村产业发展程度及演变特征对于新时期农业现代化的实现、制定可持续发展规划均具有重要指导意义。文章通过梳理广东地区农村产业融合发展模式,构建针对性的农村产业融合评价指标体系,利用熵值法对广东省农村产业融合发展水平进行测算。随后,通过ArcGIS自然断点法对广东省各地市农村产业融合发展水平进行分级,利用Dagum基尼系数对广东地区农村产业融合的区域差异及分布动态演进进行实证研究。结果表明,广东省农村产业融合指数逐年上升,农村产业融合程度在不断加深,成效显著;广东各地市农村产业融合指数均有明显增长,但发展不够均衡;广东省农村产业融合水平在空间上具有聚集效应,农村产业融合评价体系的不同维度对不同地区贡献度存在差异;广东地区农村产业融合差异程度逐渐缩小,区域间差异是影响广东地区农村产业融合发展不均衡的主要原因。根据研究结果提出如下建议:一是强化政策指引;二是因地制宜突出地区优势创新农村产业融合模式;三是加强区域内以及区域间的交流与合作。

基于最优PS点获取方法的矿山工业广场沉降监测

为保障矿山地面和井下工作人员、工业广场周边居民以及运煤系统运行安全,实时监测地表变形情况,提出永久散射体(PS)点的优化获取方法,以提升PS-合成孔径雷达干涉测量(InSAR)技术在沉降监测中的适用性。首先,选择淮北市郊煤矿工业广场煤柱Ⅱ513工作面开采沉陷期间2020年10月31日—2022年8月22日共26景SAR卫星影像,运用PS-InSAR技术确定最优的PS点目标选取方法;然后,基于该方法获取该工作面回采过程中的开采损害保护区地面沉降速率、累计沉降量;最后,基于地面水准点实测数据验证PS-InSAR监测精度并分析研究区地表及建(构)筑物动态沉降情况。结果表明:相干系数和振幅离差指数双阈值法较适应于研究区沉降监测;研究区内可探测到的最大下沉速率为-26.5 mm/a,最大累计下沉值为-53.7 mm;同时,探测到研究区西北部存在岩溶塌陷地质灾害因素;利用水准数据验证精度,均方根误差(RMSE)仅为3.8 mm,决定系数达到0.91。

人工智能与现代产业体系融合发展研究——基于系统耦合的视角

通过构造人工智能与现代产业体系的综合评价指标体系,基于Dagum基尼系数、莫兰指数和核密度估计等方法,可以深入研究人工智能与现代产业体系的耦合发展情况。研究发现:人工智能发展水平滞后于现代产业体系,除广东之外,其他省(区、市)均表现出不同程度的滞后效应;样本期内人工智能与现代产业体系表现出高水平耦合,相互之间影响与依赖程度较高,但是协调程度不足,处于濒临失调阶段;区域之间不协调是协同差距的主要原因,各省(区、市)的耦合协调没有显著的空间聚集性,区域不均衡性和空间差异进一步拉大。要实现良性耦合协同,就需要进一步提升人工智能在现代产业体系中的渗透度,发挥人工智能示范区的排头兵作用,加强区域交流与对接,促进人工智能应用深化。

中国数字产业链发展水平、时空特征与区域差异

文章基于2009—2021年中国30个省份的面板数据,利用熵值法对中国数字产业链发展水平进行测算,运用莫兰指数、Dagum基尼系数法考察时空演进趋势和区域差异。结果表明:中国数字产业链发展水平呈波动上升趋势,但总体发展水平较低;中国数字产业链发展水平在空间上呈现高度相关性,且大多数省份分布在第一和第三象限;中国数字化产业链发展水平存在绝对差异和相对差异,其中绝对差异逐渐扩大,相对差异整体上呈现逐步缩小趋势,且地区间差异是造成中国数字化产业链发展水平空间非均衡的主要原因。提出打造现代化数字产业链新业态、建立协同联动数字产业链系统、因地制宜实施数字产业链创新战略的建议,以期为提高数字产业链发展水平提供经验借鉴。

高质量发展视角下产业结构高级化测算研究

在传统的产业结构层次系数中引入产业发展质量指数,构建兼备量与质的产业结构高级化测度方法,估算高质量发展视角下的产业结构高级化水平。基于测算结果,利用核密度估计法、Dagum基尼系数、障碍因子诊断模型,分析高质量发展推动下产业结构升级的动态演进规律,探究三大地带产业结构高级化水平的差异情况,识别阻碍产业结构升级的因素。研究发现:第一,全国与三大地带产业结构高级化水平呈上升趋势,东部绝对水平高于其他地带,中部平均增速最快。中部和西部产业结构高级化水平始终低于全国平均水平,省份间存在空间差异特征,大部分省份产业结构高级化水平低于全国平均水平,增速较低的省份主要分布在东部,地带间产业结构高级化水平具有显著差异。第二,全国和东部产业结构高级化水平具有分散趋势,存在一定程度的梯度效应和微弱的极化现象。中部和西部区域内出现水平极高值的可能性较高,特别是中部。第三,全国产业结构高级化水平存在不均衡现象,全国、东部与西部的区域内差异随着时间变化整体呈下降趋势,而中部呈现出先下降后上升的变化趋势,并在2017年超过东部成为差异最大的区域。地带间的产业结构高级化水平差异也整体下降,东部和中部之间的差距相对更大,地带之间差异的变化趋势有所不同。第四,外资依存度、保障水平是阻碍产业发展与产业结构升级的主要因素。

中国工业产业链现代化指数:区域差异及动态演进

文章基于工业产业链流通、盈利、数字化、创新、协同以及绿色化六个维度构建指标体系,采用熵值法测算2011—2022年中国31个省份工业产业链现代化指数,并运用Dagum基尼系数、Moran指数、核密度估计及马尔可夫链的方法分析区域差异及动态演进规律。结果表明:中国工业产业链现代化指数整体呈稳定上升趋势,且东部地区和中部地区相对较高,而区域差异则主要表现在各区域之间,但是长期来看高水平地区将会辐射和带动其他地区的发展,进而促进工业产业链现代化整体水平提升。

中国文化产业全要素生产率的现状、地区差异与收敛性研究

文章基于2013—2021年中国31个省市自治区(因数据不全,本研究不含港澳台地区)文化产业的投入、产出数据,利用变系数生产函数测度了中国文化产业TFP,并运用描述性分析、Dagum基尼系数、变异系数、面板数据模型分析了中国文化产业TFP的现状、地区差异和收敛特征。研究发现:样本观测期内,中国文化产业TFP呈现逐年增长趋势,且表现出“由东部向西部渐次降低”的特征。中国文化产业TFP的地区差异逐年增大,并且区域间差异是中国文化产业TFP地区差异的主要来源。中国文化产业TFP不存在σ收敛特征,但存在绝对β收敛特征和条件β收敛特征。最后,基于研究结论,提出大力提升文化产业科技创新能力、实施区域协调发展战略、实施以强带弱抱团发展战略等建议,以期为缩小中国文化产业TFP地区差异及加快推进中国文化产业高质量发展提供经验参考。