Existing explanations for several major phenomena in physics may need to be reconsidered in light of the description of a natural force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction). Three examples a...Existing explanations for several major phenomena in physics may need to be reconsidered in light of the description of a natural force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction). Three examples are selected for discussion in this paper: i) The proposed wave-particle duality of electrons;ii) cold fusion;and iii) superconductivity. The current interpretations of these enigmatic concepts are incomplete and not fully validated by scientific methods. The observations underlying these processes are seemingly consistent with KELEA acting as a repelling force between opposite electrical charges. Relatively simple experiments can be designed to either confirm or exclude KELEA in these and in various other currently perplexing physical phenomena.展开更多
The main purpose of this work is to shed light on the possibility of producing huge amount of energy based on the construction matter-antimatter plasma in a molecular crystal. It is assumed that two beams of isotherma...The main purpose of this work is to shed light on the possibility of producing huge amount of energy based on the construction matter-antimatter plasma in a molecular crystal. It is assumed that two beams of isothermal hydrogen and antihydrogen are injected into a palladium crystal leading to a plasma state composed of particles and antiparticles. The collapse of this state releases a huge amount of energy which can be used as fuel for space shuttles. Thus, the novel system of isothermal pressure interaction enhances the energy power carried out by the quantum ion acoustic soliton (QIAS). In addition to the energy power released from the particle-antiparticle annihilation. The probability of merging the energy from these two cases is available at certain condition. The released energy may be a significant step in solving the energy scape of Tokomak to produce fusion energy. The study starting from the one-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model (in which the term of electron-positron and proton-antiproton for hydrogen-antihydrogen is included), a Korteweg de Vries equation (kdv) is derived, the QIAS energy experiences and the annihilation energy power are calculated. It is found that the total energy of QIAS and the energy resulting from hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation are important step towards the establishment of a cold fusion power station.展开更多
In order to understand questions about the study on cold fusion in these years, we have studied physical basis of cold fusion. Results show that even though the cold fusion is feasible theoretically in the view of phy...In order to understand questions about the study on cold fusion in these years, we have studied physical basis of cold fusion. Results show that even though the cold fusion is feasible theoretically in the view of physics, but its reaction ratio is too small to be detected, so that it has no prospect for practical usage at present. However, in order to tackle urgent problem of being poor in energy resources, we have no choice but to pay more attention to controlled thermal nuclear fusion in a considerably long period of time展开更多
The famous 1989 “cold fusion” experiment of Fleischmann and Pons is revisited and the results are discussed. It is shown that these results, which were attributed to nuclear fusion near or at room temperature but we...The famous 1989 “cold fusion” experiment of Fleischmann and Pons is revisited and the results are discussed. It is shown that these results, which were attributed to nuclear fusion near or at room temperature but were never validated in any other environment, can be explained by presence of radon gas in the laboratory where the experiments were performed.展开更多
Using a compact heap of Fullerene nano particle moduli of a nano matrix device we propose that by maximizing the Casimir forces between these particles as a desirable effect, we can achieve a gradual rather than a sud...Using a compact heap of Fullerene nano particle moduli of a nano matrix device we propose that by maximizing the Casimir forces between these particles as a desirable effect, we can achieve a gradual rather than a sudden implosion pressure. This we expect will result in a mini holographic universe from which energy can be extracted in a way constituting a nano energy reactor functioning effectively on a hybrid principle somewhere between a Casimir effect and a cold fusion process.展开更多
Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier i...Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier in free space can thus be reduced. Nuclear fusion requires also the formation of a compound nucleus in one of its excited states, but two deuterons yield an α particle that has 2 excited states. They are respectively accessible at high or low energies. Since the reduction of the Coulomb barrier depends on the local curvature of the interface, cold fusion becomes autocatalytic, but heat production is controllable. Even microbes, plants and animals can produce transmutations. They are also due to image forces. This solves a basic problem in nuclear physics and there are possible applications: facilitated synthesis of superheavy elements and development of a new type of energy sources. They are moderate, but safe.展开更多
Within the framework of the dynamical cluster decay model(DCM), the 1n evaporation cross-sections(σ_(1n)) of cold fusion reactions(Pb and Bi targets) are calculated for ZCN = 104–113 superheavy nuclei. The calculati...Within the framework of the dynamical cluster decay model(DCM), the 1n evaporation cross-sections(σ_(1n)) of cold fusion reactions(Pb and Bi targets) are calculated for ZCN = 104–113 superheavy nuclei. The calculations are carried out in the fixed range of excitation energy E_(CN)~*= 15 ± 1 MeV, so that the comparative analysis of reaction dynamics can be worked out. First of all, the fission barriers(B_f) and neutron separation energies(S_(1n)) are estimated to account the decreasing cross-sections of cold fusion reactions. In addition to this, the importance of hot optimum orientations of β_(2i)-deformed nuclei over cold one is explored at fixed angular momentum and neck-length parameters.The hot optimum orientations support all the target-projectile(t,p) combinations, which are explored experimentally in the cold fusion reactions. Some new target-projectile combinations are also predicted for future exploration. Further,the 1n cross-sections are addressed for Z_(CN) = 104–113 superheavy nuclei at comparable excitation energies which show the decent agrement with experimental data upto Z_(CN) = 109 nuclei. Finally, to understand the dynamics of higher-Z superheavy nuclei, the cross-sections are also calculated at maximum available energies around the Coulomb barrier and the effect of non-sticking moment of inertia(INS) is also investigated at these energies.展开更多
The interaction of the charged particles in the new Unitary Quantum theory isconsidered. It is shown that the distance of approachment of deuterons to each other verystrongly depends on the phase of the wave function ...The interaction of the charged particles in the new Unitary Quantum theory isconsidered. It is shown that the distance of approachment of deuterons to each other verystrongly depends on the phase of the wave function and not only upon the energy. This thesis isnot discussed in the conventional quantum theory. It can easily explain the experiments on thecold nuclear fusion.展开更多
The energy generation processes are analyzed in terms of Schrodinger equation,theformalism of which may account for both the cold nuclear fussion phenomena and the anomalousexcessive energy occurrences of a mysterious...The energy generation processes are analyzed in terms of Schrodinger equation,theformalism of which may account for both the cold nuclear fussion phenomena and the anomalousexcessive energy occurrences of a mysterious origin observed in experiments.展开更多
Cracking morphology in the fusion zone of HQ130 high strength steel was researched by 'the y-slit test' and 'three-point bend test', ultrasonic test and microscope. HQ130 and QJ63 high strength steel w...Cracking morphology in the fusion zone of HQ130 high strength steel was researched by 'the y-slit test' and 'three-point bend test', ultrasonic test and microscope. HQ130 and QJ63 high strength steel was welded by Ar+CO2 gas shielded arc welding under the condition without preheating. Experimental results indicated that welding cracks were produced in the partially melted zone of the weld root of HQ130 steel side and propagated parallel to the fusion zone. The cracks were developed alternatively between the weld and the partially melted zone, and are not strictly ruptured at W/F (weld metal/fusion zone) boundary surface. Controlling weld heat input (E) about 16 kJ/cm could make the cracking rate lowest and satisfy the performance requirement of welded joint zone.展开更多
The reactions of ^16O＋^204pb, ^82Se＋^138Ba and ^96Zr＋^124Sn lead to the same compound nucleus ^220Th. In terms of the assumption that the surviving probability is independent of entrance channel, we have extracted ...The reactions of ^16O＋^204pb, ^82Se＋^138Ba and ^96Zr＋^124Sn lead to the same compound nucleus ^220Th. In terms of the assumption that the surviving probability is independent of entrance channel, we have extracted the fusion hindrance factor from the evaporation residue cross sections for the reactions of ^82Se＋^138 Ba and ^96Zr＋^124Sn and compared with the results calculated using a two-parameter Smoluchowski equation. The theoretical predictions are basically in agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the probability of forming a compact ^220Th is less than 10% for the reactions considered. For the systems more massive than ^220Th, fusion should be much more strongly suppressed due to the competition of quasifission with complete fusion. Understanding of this inhibition is essential to forming new superheavy nuclei.展开更多
文摘Existing explanations for several major phenomena in physics may need to be reconsidered in light of the description of a natural force termed KELEA (kinetic energy limiting electrostatic attraction). Three examples are selected for discussion in this paper: i) The proposed wave-particle duality of electrons;ii) cold fusion;and iii) superconductivity. The current interpretations of these enigmatic concepts are incomplete and not fully validated by scientific methods. The observations underlying these processes are seemingly consistent with KELEA acting as a repelling force between opposite electrical charges. Relatively simple experiments can be designed to either confirm or exclude KELEA in these and in various other currently perplexing physical phenomena.
文摘The main purpose of this work is to shed light on the possibility of producing huge amount of energy based on the construction matter-antimatter plasma in a molecular crystal. It is assumed that two beams of isothermal hydrogen and antihydrogen are injected into a palladium crystal leading to a plasma state composed of particles and antiparticles. The collapse of this state releases a huge amount of energy which can be used as fuel for space shuttles. Thus, the novel system of isothermal pressure interaction enhances the energy power carried out by the quantum ion acoustic soliton (QIAS). In addition to the energy power released from the particle-antiparticle annihilation. The probability of merging the energy from these two cases is available at certain condition. The released energy may be a significant step in solving the energy scape of Tokomak to produce fusion energy. The study starting from the one-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model (in which the term of electron-positron and proton-antiproton for hydrogen-antihydrogen is included), a Korteweg de Vries equation (kdv) is derived, the QIAS energy experiences and the annihilation energy power are calculated. It is found that the total energy of QIAS and the energy resulting from hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation are important step towards the establishment of a cold fusion power station.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural science Foundation of China, No. 10148003.
文摘In order to understand questions about the study on cold fusion in these years, we have studied physical basis of cold fusion. Results show that even though the cold fusion is feasible theoretically in the view of physics, but its reaction ratio is too small to be detected, so that it has no prospect for practical usage at present. However, in order to tackle urgent problem of being poor in energy resources, we have no choice but to pay more attention to controlled thermal nuclear fusion in a considerably long period of time
文摘The famous 1989 “cold fusion” experiment of Fleischmann and Pons is revisited and the results are discussed. It is shown that these results, which were attributed to nuclear fusion near or at room temperature but were never validated in any other environment, can be explained by presence of radon gas in the laboratory where the experiments were performed.
文摘Using a compact heap of Fullerene nano particle moduli of a nano matrix device we propose that by maximizing the Casimir forces between these particles as a desirable effect, we can achieve a gradual rather than a sudden implosion pressure. This we expect will result in a mini holographic universe from which energy can be extracted in a way constituting a nano energy reactor functioning effectively on a hybrid principle somewhere between a Casimir effect and a cold fusion process.
文摘Low energy nuclear reactions are possible in condensed matter because of image forces. They result from induced charges at the surface of metals or very polarizable media. The height and width of the Coulomb barrier in free space can thus be reduced. Nuclear fusion requires also the formation of a compound nucleus in one of its excited states, but two deuterons yield an α particle that has 2 excited states. They are respectively accessible at high or low energies. Since the reduction of the Coulomb barrier depends on the local curvature of the interface, cold fusion becomes autocatalytic, but heat production is controllable. Even microbes, plants and animals can produce transmutations. They are also due to image forces. This solves a basic problem in nuclear physics and there are possible applications: facilitated synthesis of superheavy elements and development of a new type of energy sources. They are moderate, but safe.
基金Supported by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR),in the Form of Research Project Grant No.03(1341)/15/EMR-Ⅱ and to DST,New DelhiINSPIRE-Fellowship Grant No.DST/INSPIRE/03/2015/000199
文摘Within the framework of the dynamical cluster decay model(DCM), the 1n evaporation cross-sections(σ_(1n)) of cold fusion reactions(Pb and Bi targets) are calculated for ZCN = 104–113 superheavy nuclei. The calculations are carried out in the fixed range of excitation energy E_(CN)~*= 15 ± 1 MeV, so that the comparative analysis of reaction dynamics can be worked out. First of all, the fission barriers(B_f) and neutron separation energies(S_(1n)) are estimated to account the decreasing cross-sections of cold fusion reactions. In addition to this, the importance of hot optimum orientations of β_(2i)-deformed nuclei over cold one is explored at fixed angular momentum and neck-length parameters.The hot optimum orientations support all the target-projectile(t,p) combinations, which are explored experimentally in the cold fusion reactions. Some new target-projectile combinations are also predicted for future exploration. Further,the 1n cross-sections are addressed for Z_(CN) = 104–113 superheavy nuclei at comparable excitation energies which show the decent agrement with experimental data upto Z_(CN) = 109 nuclei. Finally, to understand the dynamics of higher-Z superheavy nuclei, the cross-sections are also calculated at maximum available energies around the Coulomb barrier and the effect of non-sticking moment of inertia(INS) is also investigated at these energies.
文摘The interaction of the charged particles in the new Unitary Quantum theory isconsidered. It is shown that the distance of approachment of deuterons to each other verystrongly depends on the phase of the wave function and not only upon the energy. This thesis isnot discussed in the conventional quantum theory. It can easily explain the experiments on thecold nuclear fusion.
文摘The energy generation processes are analyzed in terms of Schrodinger equation,theformalism of which may account for both the cold nuclear fussion phenomena and the anomalousexcessive energy occurrences of a mysterious origin observed in experiments.
文摘Cracking morphology in the fusion zone of HQ130 high strength steel was researched by 'the y-slit test' and 'three-point bend test', ultrasonic test and microscope. HQ130 and QJ63 high strength steel was welded by Ar+CO2 gas shielded arc welding under the condition without preheating. Experimental results indicated that welding cracks were produced in the partially melted zone of the weld root of HQ130 steel side and propagated parallel to the fusion zone. The cracks were developed alternatively between the weld and the partially melted zone, and are not strictly ruptured at W/F (weld metal/fusion zone) boundary surface. Controlling weld heat input (E) about 16 kJ/cm could make the cracking rate lowest and satisfy the performance requirement of welded joint zone.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants Nos 10235020 and 10235030.
文摘The reactions of ^16O＋^204pb, ^82Se＋^138Ba and ^96Zr＋^124Sn lead to the same compound nucleus ^220Th. In terms of the assumption that the surviving probability is independent of entrance channel, we have extracted the fusion hindrance factor from the evaporation residue cross sections for the reactions of ^82Se＋^138 Ba and ^96Zr＋^124Sn and compared with the results calculated using a two-parameter Smoluchowski equation. The theoretical predictions are basically in agreement with the experimental data. It is found that the probability of forming a compact ^220Th is less than 10% for the reactions considered. For the systems more massive than ^220Th, fusion should be much more strongly suppressed due to the competition of quasifission with complete fusion. Understanding of this inhibition is essential to forming new superheavy nuclei.
