Preventive and therapeutic effect of long snake moxibustion on psoriasis with yang deficiency and external cold syndrome based on the theory of "treatment of winter disease in summer"

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with multiple layers of silvery white scales on the surface of erythema papule as the main clinical characteristics,of which yang-deficiency external cold psoriasis is refractory,recurrent and severe in winter and mild in summer,which has a great impact on patients'physical and mental health and quality of life.Traditional Chinese medicine has unique insights in the treatment of psoriasis,both curative effect and safety,have obvious advantages.Based on the concept of"winter disease and summer treatment",long-snake moxibustion gives full play to its functions of warming the kidney,invigorating the marrow,warming the meridians,activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis,so as to restore the deficiency of Yang in patients with psoriasis with external cold syndrome,enhance disease resistance,and prevent psoriasis recurrence or aggravation in winter.Therefore,based on the theory of"winter disease and summer treatment",this paper preliminarily discusses the mechanism of long-snake moxibustion in the prevention and treatment of psoriasis with external cold syndrome of Yang deficiency,and provides new ideas and directions for the prevention and treatment of psoriasis with traditional Chinese medicine.

Randomized Controlled Trial on Treatment of Bronchial Asthma of Qi-deficiency Cold Syndrome Type by Pingchuan Yiqi Granule (平喘益气颗粒)

Objective： To evaluate the effect and safety of Pingchuan Yiqi Granule （平喘益气颗粒, PYG） in treating bronchial asthma of qi-deficiency cold syndrome type （BS-QDC）. Methods： With the randomized, positive agent parallel controlled design adopted, the 80 subjects enrolled were assigned in the ratio of 3：1 to two groups, the 60 patients in the trial group were treated with PYG and the 20 in the control group treated with Ruyi Dingchuan Pill （如意定喘丸,RDP）, with the therapeutic course consisting of 7 days for both groups. The clinical effects, effects on TCM syndrome and the changes of lung function after treatment were observed. Results： The effect of the treatment on asthma in the trial group： clinically controlled rate was 6.67%, markedly effective rate 51.67%, improved rate 33.33% and ineffective rate 8.33%; and the corresponding rates in the control group were 5.00%, 50.00%, 30.00%, and 15.00% respectively. Comparison between the two groups showed insignificant difference （P〉0.05）. The effect on TCM syndrome in the treated group： clinically controlled rate was 11.67%, markedly effective rate 58.33%, effective rate 21.67% and ineffective rate 8.33%; and those in the control group were 10.00%, 50.00%, 30.00% and 10.00% respectively, also showing insignificant difference between the two groups （P〉0.05）. Lung function test showed that the change on forced expiratory volume in 1 second （FEV1） after treatment in the trial group was of statistical significance （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was shown in the change of peak expiratory flow （PEE P〉0.05）; while the changes in the control group were just the opposite, showing insignificance in FEV1 （P〉0.05） but significance in PEF （P〈0.05）. Comparison of the therapeutic effect on lung function between the two groups showed no significant difference （P〉0.05）. No adverse reaction was found in either group in the course of treatment. Conclusion： PYG used to treat BS-QDC is effective and safe, it＇s effect is similar to that of RDP.

Efficacy of Modified Wuzhuyu Decoction Granule (加减吴茱萸汤颗粒剂) for Migraine Patients with Cold and Stasis Obstructing Meridian Syndrome： A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objective： To study the efficacy of modified Wuzhuyu Decoction Granule （加减吴茱萸汤颗粒剂, MWDG） in the treatment of migraine patients with cold and stasis obstructing meridian syndrome. Methods： This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. A total of 78 migraine patients with cold and stasis obstructing meridian syndrome were recruited and randomly assigned by a ratio of 2：1 into a treatment group （51 cases） and a placebo group （27 cases）. Patients in the treatment group were treated with MWDG while placebo granules were applied in the control group. The treatment course lasted for 12 weeks with a follow-up of 4 weeks. The primary outcome measures included frequency and days of migraine attacks and the secondary outcome measures were analgesics consumption and visual analogue scale （VAS） scores. All outcome assessments were conducted respectively at baseline, the 4th, 8th and 12th week, and the end of follow-up. Results： In the treatment group, significant decrease in frequency of migraine attacks were observed since the 4th week and that of analgesics consumption since the 8th week （both P〈0.05）. While, in the placebo group, significant decrease in frequency of migraine attacks were observed since the 8th week and that of analgesics consumption since the 12th week （both P〈0.05）. No significant decrease in days of migraine attacks and VAS scores of migraine pain were observed in both groups. Between the two groups, there were significant differences in VAS scores and intensity of pain appeared in the 8th week （P〈0.05）. However, no significant differences were found in days and frequency of migraine attacks and analgesics consumption （P〉0.05）. Conclusions： MWDG was probably effective in the treatment of migraine especially for alleviating pain intensity. Furthermore, MWDG could reduce the frequency of migraine attacks and analgesics consumption sooner than the placebo.

Changes in Cold and Hot Syndromes and Gastrointestinal Bacterial Community Structure in Mice by Intervention with Food of Different Nature

Objective:To reveal the effect of foods with different natures on cold or hot syndrome and gastrointestinal bacterial community structure in mice.Methods:Forty-five 6-week-old male ICR Kunming mice of clean grade were divided into 5 groups,9 per group,including the control(CK),hot nature herb medicine(HM),Hong Qu glutinous rice wine(RW),tea rice wine(TW),and cold nature herb medicine(CM)groups.Distilled water or corresponding herbs were administered to mice(0.01 mL/g body weight)in the 5 groups by gastric infusion respectively,once daily for 28 d.Appearance,behavior,and serum biochemical indicators,including 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),noradrenaline(NE),cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)and cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),the hot nature index,as well as the gastrointestinal bacterial community structure were analyzed in all groups after treatment.Results:After supplementation for 28 d,CM and TW mice showed different degrees of cold syndrome,and HM and RW mice showed different degrees of hot syndrome.Compared with the HM and RW mice,the TSH,NE,cAMP levels and hot nature indices in the CM and TW mice were significantly decreased and 5-HT and cGMP levels were significantly increased(P<0.05).There was no obvious change in appearance or behavior in CK mice.Results of clustering analysis showed that the gastrointestinal bacterial community structures were highly similar in TW and CM mice as well as in RW and HM mice,and that they were from the same branch,respectively,when the distance was 0.02.The key microbes associated with cold syndrome were Lachnospiraceae uncultured,Lactococcus,etc.,and the key microbes associated with hot syndrome were S24-7 norank,Ruminococcaceae uncultured,etc.Conclusion:The interventions with different nature foods could change cold or hot syndrome in mice,leading to changes in gastrointestinal bacterial community structure.

Differences in Effects of Zuojin Pills(左金丸)and Its Similar Formulas on Wei Cold Model in Rats

Objective:To explore the effects of Zuojin Pills(左金丸)and its similar formulas on the stomach cold syndrome in a Wei cold model in rats.Methods:The rat Wei cold model was established by intragastric administration of glacial NaOH,and the gastric mucosa injury indices,together with the levels of motilin and gastrin in the stomach,were determined.The preventive and curative effects of Zuojin Pills and its similar formulas on gastric mucosa injury were investigated.Results:Zuojin Pills and its similar formulas ...

Prediction of Cold and Heat Patterns Using Anthropometric Measures Based on Machine Learning

Objective： To examine the association of body shape with cold and heat patterns, to determine which anthropometric measure is the best indicator for discriminating between the two patterns, and to investigate whether using a combination of measures can improve the predictive power to diagnose these patterns. Methods： Based on a total of 4,859 subjects （3,000 women and 1,859 men）, statistical analyses using binary logistic regression were performed to assess the significance of the difference and the predictive power of each anthropometric measure, and binary logistic regression and Naive Bayes with the variable selection technique were used to assess the improvement in the predictive power of the patterns using the combined measures. Results： In women, the strongest indicators for determining the cold and heat patterns among anthropometric measures were body mass index （BMI） and rib circumference; in men, the best indicator was BMI. In experiments using a combination of measures, the values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve in women were 0.776 by Naive Bayes and 0.772 by logistic regression, and the values in men were 0.788 by Naive Bayes and 0.779 by logistic regression. Conclusions： Individuals with a higher BMI have a tendency toward a heat pattern in both women and men. The use of a combination of anthropometric measures can slightly improve the diagnostic accuracy. Our findings can provide fundamental information for the diagnosis of cold and heat patterns based on body shape for personalized medicine.

Effective Components of Dried Ginger in Warming Lung to Reduce Watery Phlegm and In vivo Tissue Distribution Based on the“Syndrome-Efficacy-Biological Sample Analysis”Method

Objective: This study aimed to investigate effective components of dried ginger(DG) in warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and in vivo tissue distribution on the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) by means of the "syndrome?efficacy?biological sample analysis" method and then to explore its meridian tropism. Methods: Wistar rats were given nasal drops of 200-μL lipopolysaccharide and smoke 30 min two times a day, then put the appropriate dose of ice water, and freeze for an hour to build model rats. On the 16 th day, the drug group was orally administered of DG(500 mg/mL) until the 30 th day. Blood samples and biological tissues were collected from the orbital venous plexus into heparinized hemostasis tubes at 5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 360 min after the last administration. Using ultraviolet-high-performance liquid chromatography(Waters, USA) method, the effective components were tested, and DAS 3.0 software(Mathematical Pharmacology Professional Committee of China, Shanghai, China) was used to analyze the results. Results: The compounds of DG entering into blood were 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, and 8-gingerol. Tissue distribution analysis indicates that three active ingredients are widely present in the lung, spleen, kidney, liver, heart, large intestine, stomach, small intestine, and other organs of rats with COPD. Conclusions: 6?gingerol, 6?shogaol, and 8?gingerol belong to effective components of DG in curing the syndrome of cold fluid retained in lung of rats with COPD and mainly distributed in organs including the spleen, stomach, lung, kidney, liver, and heart.