Muscle Strength, Lumbar Curve, Fear of Movement and Functional Disability among Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Review

Introduction: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) refers to the rupture of the fibrous annulus of the intervertebral discs. Lumbar curvature may lead to the occurrence of lumbar disc degeneration. Fear of movement may worsen their disc herniation and cause further pain and injury. LDH conditions impact the individuals’ quality of life, to explore the relationship between lumbar curve, muscle strength, fear of movement and functional disability among patients with LDH. Methods: An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Springerlink, Google Scholar and a hand search from reference lists was reviewed. Publications were included in human studies, patients 25 - 85 years of age, original studies and published in English language journals from January 2002 to December 2023. Result: In total, 64 articles were researched through the online search engines, and 9 papers were found through manual searches of reference lists. As a result, a total of 11 articles were included for the purpose of this review. The comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of eight cross-sectional studies, two retrospective studies and one experimental study. A minimum of 25 participants and a maximum of 360 participants were included. Ten studies included both genders, only one studies included healthy adults and patients with LDH but these studies didn’t mention gender. Results showed that the factors influencing LDH can be categorized into non-modifiable factors, such as gender, age, height or others. Modifiable factors included increased BMI, DM, smoking, alcohol, employment status, lifestyle and health problems or psychology. Conclusion: Females with greater VASC may be at risk of LDH. The lumbar extensor muscles indicated a localized disc herniation or nerve root pathology in patients with LDH. The fear of movement may lead to psychological consequences and reduce functional disability among patients with LDH.

Effects of different moxibustion durations on lumbar disk herniation:a clinical study

Objective:To explore the best duration of moxibustion on lumbar disk herniation(LDH).Methods:A total of 88 patients were randomly divided into control group and 15-min,30-min,and 45-min moxibustion groups.The control group was treated with conventional therapy,while the other 3 groups were intervened with different moxibustion durations.Low back pain,dysfunction,lumbar function,and effective rates were evaluated before,in the first week and second week of intervention.Results:In low back pain,compared with the control group,the score of the 15-min group had no significant difference,but it was significantly lower in the 30-min and 45-min groups.In dysfunction and lumbar function,compared with the control group,the scores of the 15-min,30-min,and 45-min groups were significantly higher,and the scores of the 30-min and 45-min groups were significantly higher,but there was no significant difference between the 30-min and 45-min group.In effective rates,there was no significant difference between the control group and 15-min group;the effective rates of the 30-min and 45-min groups were significantly higher than those of the control group.Conclusions:Moxibustion has good therapeutic effect on LDH with specific moxibustion time.

Network Meta-analysis of nerve block combined with Chinese medicine for lumbar disc herniation

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine methods(acupuncture,tui na,acupuncture knife,traditional Chinese medicine,traction)combined with nerve block treatment for lumbar disc herniation using Bayesian mesh Meta-analysis.Methods:Randomized controlled studies of TCM methods combined with nerve block for lumbar disc herniation in CNKI,Wanfang,Vip,China Biomedical Literature Library,Pubmed,Web of science,and The Cochrance Library databases were searched for the period from the establishment of each database to May 2021.2 researchers independently followed the developed nerf criteria to Screening was performed.Bayesian model mesh Meta-analysis was performed using R,RStudio,and addis-1.16.6 software.Results:Twenty-seven papers with a total of 2074 subjects were finally included,involving six interventions,namely nerve block alone,herbal medicine combined with nerve block,acupuncture combined with nerve block,acupuncture combined with nerve block,traction combined with nerve block,and tui na combined with nerve block.The results of the net analysis showed that(1)in terms of efficiency,all interventions were better than simple nerve block except for traction combined nerve block,and acupuncture,acupuncture,tui-na and Chinese medicine combined nerve block were better than traction combined nerve block respectively,and the probability ranked first for acupuncture combined nerve block.(2)On the VAS score,except for traction combined with nerve block,other interventions were superior to simple nerve block,and the combination of herbal medicine,acupuncture,and acupuncture respectively was superior to traction combined with nerve block,and the intervention with the best probability ranking result was herbal medicine combined with nerve block.(3)There was no statistical difference between the two interventions compared in terms of JOA scores,and the probability ranked first for herbal medicine combined nerve block.Conclusion:Chinese medicine combined nerve block was superior to nerve block alone,and Chinese medicine combined nerve block and acupuncture combined nerve block measures were more effective in the treatment of LDH,and traction combined nerve block was less effective.

Meta-analysis of Clinical Efficacy of Warm Needling Acupuncture in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

[Objectives]To evaluate the efficacy of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH)by Meta-analysis.[Methods]Randomized controlled trial of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation published from January 2000 to December 2021 was searched by Cochrane Library,PubMed,VIP,CNKI and Wanfang.After the quality evaluation of the literature,the Meta-analysis of the literature was carried out by using Review Manager 5.3.[Results]A total of 10 studies were included,involving a total of 980 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation could improve the total clinical effective rate,OR=5.38,95%CI(3.40,8.49),P<0.00001;decrease the VAS score,MD=-3.33,95%CI[-4.53,-2.12],z=5.42(P<0.00001);increase the JOA score,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14];improve the dysfunction,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14],z=4.43(P<0.00001);decrease inflammatory factors,MD=-11.09,95%CI[-13.60,-8.58],z=8.65(P<0.00001).And the recurrence rate was low,OR=0.33,95%CI[0.15,0.70],z=2.86(P=0.004).[Conclusions]Warm needling acupuncture could effectively treat lumbar disc herniation and relieve pain symptoms.However,due to the general poorness of literature quality and the low quality of evidence,high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed.

Clinical Observation of Warm Needling Acupuncture of Mongolian Medicine in the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).[Methods]120 patients with lumbar disc herniation hospitalized in Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were randomly divided into observation group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The observation group was treated with warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,and the control group was treated with common acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,with two weeks as a course of treatment.The pain visual analogue scale(VAS)and Japanese orthopaedic association(JOA)score were observed before and after treatment,and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the changes of clinical symptoms and signs of Mongolian medicine.[Results]The cure rate of the observation group was 71.7%,which was better than that of the control group(53.3%).The difference in the cure rate between the two groups was statistically significant,X 2=4.302,P=0.038.The total markedly effective rate(cured+markedly effective)of the observation group was 90.0%,while that of the control group was 83.3%.There was no significant difference in the total markedly effective rate between the two groups,X 2=1.154,P=0.283.The total effective rate(cured+markedly effective+effective)of the observation group was 100%,while that of the control group was 95.0%.There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups,and the continuous corrected chi-square value was 1.368 and 0.242.After treatment,the degree of low back pain,lower limb pain and dyskinesia were significantly improved in the two groups,the observation group was better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine was effective in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,which is worth popularizing.

Study of the Effect of Zhuang Medicine Aponeurotic System Triple Therapy on Lumbar Disc Herniation and Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein Level

Objective:To analyze the application effect of Zhuang medicine aponeurotic system triple therapy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and its effect on the level of alpha-1 acid glycoprotein(alpha-1 AGP).Methods:200 patients with lumbar disc herniation were selected and randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,100 cases in each group.The control group was given conventional acupuncture,and the treatment group was treated with manipulation+fire needling+cupping.The alpha-1-AGP levels before and after treatment,as well as the lumbar spine function and pain scores before and after treatment,and the adverse reactions occurred during treatment between the two groups were compared.Results:Before treatment,there was no significant difference in alpha-1 AGP levels,lumbar function,and pain scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the lumbar function scores of the two groups were significantly increased,with the treatment group having higher scores than the control group(P<0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group was 2.00%,which was much lower than the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Appropriate application of Zhuang medicine aponeurotic system triple therapy in the clinical treatment of lumbar disc herniation can promote the improvement of alpha-1 AGP index level,reduce the pain degree of patients,and improve their lumbar spine function.At the same time,Zhuang medicine also has significant advantages in terms of safety,while ensuring the efficacy and safety of the treatment.

Functional Rehabilitation of Disc Herniation Treated with Combined Therapy

Current researches reveal that the number of cases diagnosed with operated lumbar disc herniation is growing rapidly, which should draw an increased attention to the treatment used. The objective of this study is to perform a comparative analysis between the application of a classical physical-kinetic program and the application of a combined kinetic program. This research will be conducted on 20 subjects with ages, between 40 - 50 years old, in INEMRCM Bucharest, for 14 days - 1 hour a day. Each subject underwent an invasive surgery for lumbar disc herniation on the L5-S1 vertebrae. During the research, the 2 patients will be given a physical-kinetic program, adapted to the pathology of the operated lumbar disc herniation. The purpose of this research is to check the efficiency of each kinetic program. Furthermore, through the muscular and articular evaluation made in the initial phase and the final phase, it will be possible to discuss the comparative evolution of the established kinetic program and the functional gain obtained. In conclusion, the research shows that mechanized therapy results in faster functional rehabilitation and physical exercise substantially improves quality of life.

Treatment of large lumbar disc herniation with percutaneous ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint

AIM:To evaluate the effects of percutaneous ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint in the treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.METHODS:Fifty-eight patients with large lumbar disc herniation were treated with percutaneous injection of ozone via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint under digital subtraction angiography.Second injections were performed 5 d after the initial injection.All patients were followed up for 6-18 mo.A modified Macnab method was used for assessing clinical outcomes after oxygen-ozone therapy.RESULTS:Successful puncture was obtained in all patients.The overall efficacy was 91.4;the outcome was the excellent in 37 cases(63.8),good in 16 cases(27.6) and fair/poor in 5 cases(8.6) according to the Macnab criteria.No severe complications were found throughout this study.CONCLUSION:Percutaneous intradiscal ozone injection via the posterior-lateral route and inner margin of the facet joint is effective and safe for treatment of large lumbar disc herniation.

Analgesic effects of balanced acupuncture versus body acupuncture in low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation, as assessed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

Balanced acupuncture, a single-acupoint balance therapy, regulates the balance of the cerebral center, and is characterized by exerting quick effects and a short treatment course. A total of 20 low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with balanced acupuncture or body acupuncture. Central mechanisms of vaded acupunctures were compared using resting-state functional MRI. Patients from both groups received functional MRI before and after acupuncture. Functional connectivity in brain regions that were strongly associated with the bilatera amygdala was analyzed utilizing AFNI software. Visual analogue scale scores were greater in the balanced acupuncture group compared with the body acupuncture group. Function of the endogenous pain regulation network was enhanced in patients in the balanced acupuncture group, but was not changed in the body acupuncture group. This result indicates that the analgesic effects of body acupuncture do not work through the central nervous system. These data suggest that balanced acupuncture exerts analgesic effects on low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation by regulating the function of the endogenous pain regulation network.

Chinese Association for the Study of Pain:Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment for lumbar disc herniation

Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease in the clinical context and does great harm to either the physical or mental health of patients suffering from this disease.Many guidelines and consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar disc herniation have been published domestically and internationally.According to the expert consensus,clinicians could adopt tailored and personalized diagnosis and treatment management strategies for lumbar disc herniation patients.

Technique of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy for the Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy is a minimally invasive surgery with little pain, less blood loss, less hospital stay and the surgery can be done in local anesthesia, which was started during late 20th century. Kambin and Gellmann in 1973 in the United States and Hijikata in Japanin 1977 individually preformed posterolateral percutaneous nucleotomy for the resection of the nucleus pulposus and release of compressed exiting nerve root, which is now spreading through the world and many surgeons are developing their skill but it needs experience and patience for successful outcomes. Along with advanced instruments now the surgery can be performed only giving a small skin incision of 8 - 10 mm and is as effective as the conventional method of surgery and open microdiscectomy surgery for the treatment of symptomatic lumbar disc herniation. In this review, we are explaining the technique of minimally invasive Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy surgery along its advantages and complications which can be encountered while performing this technique.

Two-level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniation: A case report

BACKGROUND The technique of percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy(PELD)as a transforaminal approach has been used to treat highly migrated lower lumbar disc herniations.However,due to the different anatomic characteristics of the upper lumbar spine,conventional transforaminal PELD may fail to remove the highly migrated upper lumbar disc nucleus pulposus.Therefore,the purpose of this study was to describe a novel surgical technique,two-level PELD,for the treatment of highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniations and to report its related clinical outcomes.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old male presented with a complaint of pain at his lower back and right lower limb.The patient received 3 mo of conservative treatments but the symptoms were not alleviated.Physical examination revealed a positive femoral nerve stretch test and a negative straight leg raise test for the right leg,and preoperative visual analog scale(VAS)score for the lower back was 6 points and for the right leg was 8 points.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)demonstrated L2-L3 disc herniation on the right side and the herniated nucleus pulposus migrated to the upper margin of L2 vertebral body.According to physical examination and imaging findings,surgery was the primary consideration.Therefore,the patient underwent surgical treatment with two-level PELD.The pain symptom was relieved and the VAS score for back and thigh pain was one point postoperatively.The patient was asymptomatic and follow-up MRI scan 1 year after operation revealed no residual nucleus pulposus.CONCLUSION Two-level PELD as a transforaminal approach can be a safe and effective procedure for highly migrated upper lumbar disc herniation.

Comparison of microendoscopic discectomy and open discectomy for single-segment lumbar disc herniation

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease.Endoscopic treatment may have more advantages than traditional surgery.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of microendoscopic discectomy(MED)and open discectomy with lamina nucleus enucleation in the treatment of singlesegment lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.METHODS Ninety-six patients who were operated at our hospital were selected for this study.Patients with single-segment lumbar disc herniation were admitted to the hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 and were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 48 cases in each group.The former group underwent lumbar discectomy and the latter underwent laparotomy and nucleus pulpectomy.Surgical effects were compared between the two groups.RESULTS In terms of surgical indicators,the observation group had a longer operation time,shorter postoperative bedtime and hospital stay,less intraoperative blood loss,and smaller incision length than the control group(P<0.05).The excellent recovery rate did not differ significantly between the observation group(93.75%)and the control group(91.67%).Visual analogue scale pain scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group at 1 d,3 d,1 mo,and 6 mo after surgery(P<0.05).The incidence of complications was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(6.25%vs 22.92%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Both MED and open discectomy can effectively improve single-segment lumbar disc herniation,but MED is associated with less trauma,less bleeding,and a lower incidence of complications.

Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Spine Surgery for Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis: Emphasizing on Clinical Outcomes of Transforaminal Technique

Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis are the most common spine diseases which are mainly due to age related Spine degeneration. Diagnosis of both Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis depends on clinical findings as well as radiological investigations. Treatment of choice of these conditions is on the basis of the patient conditions. Surgical treatment is the option only when the conservative treatment does not improve the patient’s clinical condition. Advancement and improvement of the technology have resulted in the traditional open surgical treatment into minimal invasive surgery. Intervention of the different surgical instruments with expert spinal surgeons had made percutaneous endoscopic lumbar Spine surgery as one of the preferred choices of surgery for treating Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis. The concept of percutaneous endoscopic surgery for lumbar region is to provide surgical options without producing iatrogenic morbidity associated with the open surgical procedures. Conventionally, there are different approaches/techniques for Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Spine Surgery, but in this review we are mainly focusing on the Transforaminal Technique. Regarding the Lumbar Disc Herniation treatment with transforaminal approach, a number of articles have been published due to which we mainly focused on those articles which were published after 2009 onwards. While fewer articles related to Lumbar Spine Stenosis treatment with Transforaminal approach were found, we tried to brief out all those articles. On the basis of comparative study of different surgeries done for Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis, Percutaneous Transforaminal endoscopic Lumbar Surgery provides a substantial benefit. Transforaminal approach for treating Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis is safe and effective. The Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery has advantage as it is performed under local anesthesia with shorter length of hospitalization and early return to normal life. The clinical outcome of the patient that underwent Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery for Lumbar Disc Herniation and Lumbar Spine Stenosis is quite good in regard of its fewer complication and more benefits.

Retraction of lumbar disc herniation achieved by noninvasive techniques: A case report

BACKGROUND Lumbar disc herniation(LDH)has emerged as one of the most common causes of low back pain.The routine treatment approach involves chemonucleolysis therapy,discectomy by percutaneous endoscopy,and percutaneous laser disc decompression.Unfortunately,all of these methods carry inherent risk of causing harm to the patient and,as such,there is an unmet but urgent need for an effective and safe noninvasive treatment for LDH.The purpose of this report is to describe a non-invasive method for re-absorption of LDH.CASE SUMMARY A 34-year-old woman was admitted with a complaint of waist pain that she reported as having become acutely aggravated over the past 3 d and accompanied by discomfort in the right lower limb.Her self-reported medical history included persistent postpartum low back pain from 7 years prior.Physical exam showed positivity for neck flexion test(Lindner sign)and supine abdomen test;the straight leg-raising test showed right 60(+)and left 80(-).Findings from standard imaging(magnetic resonance)and collective physical examinations indicated a L5/S1 herniated lumbar disc.Treatment consisted of three-dimensional(balanced regulating)spinal manipulation and acupuncture,upon which the LDH resolved by retraction.CONCLUSION Following L5/S1 herniated lumbar disc diagnosis,three-dimensional(balanced regulating)spinal manipulation combined with acupuncture therapy is an effective treatment.

Acupuncture and/or moxibustion for the treatment of lumbar disc herniation:quality assessment of systematic reviews

Objective:In the current systematic review on acupuncture and/or moxibustion for lumbar disc herniation(LDH),we evaluated the methodology and quality of evidence and reports to provide necessary information for accurate clinical decision-making regarding acupuncture and/or moxibustion for LDH.Methods:From databases such as CBM(Chinese biomedical literature database),VIP(China science and technology journal database),CNKI(China national knowledge infrastructure),WF(Wanfang database),Web of Science,Embase,Medline,and Cochrane Library,systematic reviews on acupuncture and/or moxibustion for LDH were retrieved,and the methodological quality of the literature was evaluated according to the assessment of multiple systematic reviews(AMSTAR)list.Furthermore,the grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE)system was used to grade the quality of evidence and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses(PRISMA)statement to evaluate the quality of the report.Results:A total of 18 systematic reviews were included,and the conclusion is that acupuncture and/or moxibustion have some advantages in terms of efficacy and safety with regard to LDH treatment.According to the AMSTAR score,there were 4 high-quality studies,13 moderate-quality studies,and 1 low-quality study.GRADE showed that quality of evidence such as total effective rate of LDH and VAS was low and that of other forms of evidence was lower.The PRISMA statement showed that 8 articles were in line with 20 or more of the 27 items,and 10 articles were in line with 10-19 of the 27 items.Conclusion:At present,acupuncture and/or moxibustion for LDH has a good curative effect.More importantly,its methodological quality was of moderate level and the report quality was generally good and relatively complete.However,the poor quality of the original research results was reflected in the quality of evidence.More studies are needed to make sure whether acupuncture is more effective than other treatment methods.

Identification of Microbes in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation

Apart from the conventional factors, recent evidences have suggested that lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is also associated with microbes, which is completely ignored in the management of patients with disc prolapse and disc degeneration. Therefore, the present study was carried out to identify the different microorganisms in subjects with LDH. Subjects (n = 101) who were confirmed for LDH with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and undergoing lumbar discectomy, were recruited in this study. Standard protocols for disinfection of the skin and surgical instruments were adhered. Skin scrapings, muscle biopsies and portion of the inter-vertebral disc were transferred into individually labeled Robertson’s cooked meat enrichment broth for anaerobic identification. Remaining portions of the excised disc material and muscle biopsy were taken for aerobic identification. Anaerobic isolates were identified using Gram stain and catalase test while the species identification was done by RapID ANA II ID kit. Gram stain, catalase test, DNase test and coagulase tests were used for identification of aerobic bacteria. Study confirmed 6/101 disc cultures (6%) with positive anaerobes and 12 disc cultures with coagulase negative Staphylococci spp. Among the anaerobes, two disc cultures were identified as Propionibacterium acnes and one as Gemella morbillorum. Due to slow growth, other three anaerobic cultures were not confirmed. However, they resembled the colony morphology of Gram positive bacilli. None of the control samples (skin and muscles) had any positive growth. The present study adds to the literature confirming the role of microorganisms in LDH. Present study newly identified Gemella morbillorum in the intervertebral tissue in addition to the previously reported microorganisms associated with LDH.

The Clinical Effect of Percutaneous Transforaminal Endoscopic Discectomy in the Treatment of Low Lumbar Single Segment Disc Herniation

Objective: To observe the clinical effect percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy (PTED) in the treatment of single lumbar disc herniation. Methods: From August 2017 to June 2019, 42 patients with low lumbar single segment lumbar disc herniation were treated with percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy surgery in our hospital. The operation time, incision size, bleeding volume and hospitalization time were recorded respectively. The patients were evaluated before operation, 1 month and 6 months after operation. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and assessment were used to evaluate the lumbocrural pain. The JOA score and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate the lumbar function, and the modified macnab score was used to evaluate the clinical effect in the last follow-up. Results: All the 42 patients successfully completed the operation without any other operation. There were no severe complications such as dural injury and nerve root injury. The operation time was (76.98 ± 8.58) min, the incision size was (8.45 ± 1.2) mm, the bleeding volume was (20.14 ± 2.93) ml, and the hospitalization time was (4.55 ± 1.13) d. One month and six months after the operation, the visual analogue scale (VAS), the evaluation of lumbar function (Oswestry) and the disability index (ODI) were significantly improved compared with those before the operation (P Conclusion: The treatment of low lumbar but segmental lumbar disc herniation with percutaneous intervertebral foramen, with small incision, less bleeding and quick recovery, can improve the pain and dysfunction of patients.

Clinical Outcome of Percutaneous Endoscopic Lumbar Surgery (PELS) in Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation

Lumbar disc herniation is a spinal problem seen in both young and old people causing pain in the back with pain and numbness in lower extremity leading to disability limiting daily activities. When conservative treatments are ineffective, then it is treated by surgeries, more recently with minimal invasive percutaneous endoscopic lumbar surgery (PELS). One of the mostly accepted PELS by spinal surgeons is percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy, which can be performed for any age. The main aim of this review was to evaluate clinical outcome and safety based on the Oswestry Disable Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and MacNab criteria and complications of PELS surgery and its advantages in clinical basis.

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISC HERNIATION TREATED BY TRACTION COMBINED WITH ACUPUNCTURE

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of traction combined with acupuncture on lumbar intervertebral disc herniation (LIDH). Methods:Eighty-three patients diagnosed as LIDH were randomly divided into treatment group (n=42)and control group (n=41). In the treatment group, besides lumbar traction, electroacupuncture at Jiaji (EX-B 2, L 3～5), Shenshu (BL 23), Qihai (CV 6), Mingmen (GV 4), Huantiao (GB 30), Chengshan (BL 57) and Yanglingquan (GB 34) was added. In the control group, only lumbar traction was applied. Results: In treatment group, the cure plus markedly effective rate was 80.95% with a total effective rate of 92.86%, while in control group, it was 39.02% with a total effective rate of 80.48%. The therapeutic effect in the treatment group was obviously better than that in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: Lumbar traction plus EA can effectively alleviate or even eliminate clinical symptoms and signs of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.