Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive arthritis, characterized by inflammatory infiltration and bone destruction. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD) is traditional Chinese medi...Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive arthritis, characterized by inflammatory infiltration and bone destruction. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD) is traditional Chinese medicine, which has been applied in the treatment of RA in clinical. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of HGWD on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) mouse model.Methods: DBA/1J female mice were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) model. HGWD was administered intragastrically once a day for four weeks starting on the 22nd day after the first immunization. The body weight, hind paw thickness and clinical score were measured every five days. Gait analysis, histopathological staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), ultrasound imaging and micro-computed tomography imaging were performed to determine the effects of HGWD treatment on inflammation and bone structure in this model. Moreover, Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect inflammatory factors m RNA and protein levels after HGWD intervention in RAW264.7 cells.Results: HGWD attenuated symptoms of arthritis, suppressed inflammatory synovium area and the serum levels of inflammatory factors, inhibited joint space enlargement in the knee and ankle joints,reduced numbers of osteoclasts, protected bone destruction, as well as improved motor function.HGWD decreased the expression of m RNA for inflammatory factors and the protein expression levels of p-NF-ΚB and IL-17.Conclusion: These results suggested that HGWD suppresses inflammation, attenuates bone erosion and maintains motor function in collagen-induced arthritis mice.展开更多
Summary:Huai Qi Huang(HQH)exerts great effects in clinic,such as anti-inflammation,immune-regulation,anti-cancer,and so on.However,the mechanism by which HQH protects juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is obscure.Thus,...Summary:Huai Qi Huang(HQH)exerts great effects in clinic,such as anti-inflammation,immune-regulation,anti-cancer,and so on.However,the mechanism by which HQH protects juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is obscure.Thus,we explored deeply the protective mechanisms in juvenile collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model.Pyroptosis is Gasdermin D(GSDMD)-dependent programmed cell death,involved in many diseases,such as sepsis.We investigated whether GSDMD-induced pyroptosis take part in mechanisms of juvenile CIA arthritis.Juvenile Wistar rats(3-4 weeks)were injected intradermally with fully emulsified bovine typeⅡcollagen and complete Freund's adjuvant to establish CIA rat models.Later,the CIA rats received oral administration of HQH(4.16 g/kg)once a day from the day 21 of modeling,with the treatment lasting for 28 days.Varieties of indicators were measured for evaluation of anti-inflammation effect of HQH,including hind paw swelling,arthritis scores,micro CT,and histopathological changes and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum,including tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-18(IL-18).The expression of GSDMD and caspasein the joint synovial tissues was detected.The results demonstrated that the expression of the pyroptotic protein GSDMD and its upstream caspase-1 was significantly increased in the synovial tissues of CIA rats.The treatment of HQH ameliorated the symptoms in CIA rats,reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and hind paw swelling,down-regulated the expression of GDSMD and caspase-1.GSDMDinduced pyroptosis participated in the pathogenesis of CIA rats.The study supported that HQH can effectively improve joints inflammation of juvenile collagen-induced arthritis rats by inhibiting pyroptosis pathway in the joint synovial tissues.展开更多
Summary: The expression and activity of NF-kB in the synovium of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats was detected in order to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of triptolide on rheumatoid arthritis (R...Summary: The expression and activity of NF-kB in the synovium of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats was detected in order to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of triptolide on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The experimental Wistar rat model of CIA was set up by intradermal injection of emulsion of bovine collagen 11 and the successful rate of setting-up models was evaluated by arthritis index (AI). Rats were grouped randomly into three groups: normal, model and treatment group. The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in synovial fluid was detected by ELISA, and the expression and activity of NF kB in synovium by immunohistochemistry method and by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) respectively. As compared with normal group, the expression of TNF a and IL-6 in synovia (P〈0. 05), and the expression and activity of NF-kB (P〈0.05) in synovium were increased in model group. There was statistical difference in above-mentioned indexes between model group and treatment group. Triptolide may play a protective role in IRA via downregulating the expression and activity of NF-kB in synovium.展开更多
Over one half the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are being treated with methotrexate (MTX). Although well proven, the efficacy of MTX varies in individual patients. This study examined the metabolic bioma...Over one half the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are being treated with methotrexate (MTX). Although well proven, the efficacy of MTX varies in individual patients. This study examined the metabolic biomarkers that can be used to predict the therapeutic effect of MTX by using metabolomic analysis. Rats were immunized with collagen to rapidly cause collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and then treated with 0.1 mg/kg MTX for 4 weeks. The clinical signs and the histopathological features of CIA were observed to evaluate the therapeutic effects. Urine samples of CIA rats were collected, and analyzed by using 600 M 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) for spectral binning after the therapy. The urine spectra were divided into spectral bins, and 20 endogenous metabolites were assigned by Chenomx Suite. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the spectral pattern of endogenous metabolites related to MTX therapy. The results showed that the clustering of the spectra of the urine samples from the responsive rats (n=20) was different from that from the non-responsive rats (n=11). Multivariate analysis showed difference in metabolic profiles between the responsive and non-responsive rats by using partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) (R2=0.812, Q2=0.604). In targeted profiling, 13 endogenous metabolites (uric acid, taurine, histidine, methionine, glycine, etc.) were selected as putative biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response to MTX. It was suggested that 1H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis can be used to predict the therapeutic effect of MTX, and several metabolites were found to be related to the therapeutic effects of MTX.展开更多
The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared i...The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (养气血祛风湿方, YQXQFS) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model mice under different genetic backgrounds. Methods: Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) were...Objective: To study the effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (养气血祛风湿方, YQXQFS) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model mice under different genetic backgrounds. Methods: Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) were established on HLA-DR4 transgenic (TG) mice and non-transgenic (NTG) mice, which partly were raised with YQXQFS, and the onset day of CIA, the level of type Ⅱ collagen (C Ⅱ )-reactive antibodies and the pathological scores of CIA were assessed. Results: Under HLA-DR4 TG background (compared with NTG mice), the earlier onset day of CIA ( 11.22±3.35 days vs 16.56 ±4.75 days, P〈0.05) and higher level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies (0. 2274±0. 1390μg/ml vs 0.1101±0. 0560μg/ml, P〈0.05) were observed, but the pathological scores of CIA remained unchange. YQXQFS could not influence the onset day of CIA and the level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies, but had a certain effect on the total pathological scores (6.56±3.43 scores vs 11.11±5.64 scores) and bone erosion (0.22±0.44 scores vs 1.67±1.50 scores) of CIA on NTG mice (P〈0.05), NTG YQXQFS group compared with NTG experimental group. Conclusion: YQXQFS had a certain effect on RA model, but had no significant effect on HLA-DR4 related CIA.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by persistent synovial inflammation and joint degradation,posing challenges in the development of effective treatments.Nuciferine,an alkaloid found in lo...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by persistent synovial inflammation and joint degradation,posing challenges in the development of effective treatments.Nuciferine,an alkaloid found in lotus leaf,has shown promising anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects,yet its efficacy in RA treatment remains unexplored.This study investigated the antiproliferative effects of nuciferine on the MH7A cell line,a human RA-derived fibroblast-like synoviocyte,revealing its ability to inhibit cell proliferation,promote apoptosis,induce apoptosis,and cause G1/S phase arrest.Additionally,nuciferine significantly reduced the migration and invasion capabilities of MH7A cells.The therapeutic potential of nuciferine was further evaluated in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model,where it markedly alleviated joint swelling,synovial hyperplasia,cartilage injury,and inflammatory infiltration.Nuciferine also improved collagen-induced bone erosion,decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum immunoglobulins(IgG,IgG1,IgG2a),and restored the balance between T helper(Th)17 and regulatory T cells in the spleen of CIA rats.These results indicate that nuciferine may offer therapeutic advantages for RA by decreasing the proliferation and invasiveness of FLS cells and correcting the Th17/Treg cell imbalance in CIA rats.展开更多
Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-arthritic effects of Centello asiatica methanolfraction (CAME) on collagen-induced arthritis (ClA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Met...Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-arthritic effects of Centello asiatica methanolfraction (CAME) on collagen-induced arthritis (ClA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Arthritis was induced in female wistar rats by immunization with porcine type II collagen. The CIA rats were treated orally with CaME (50, 150, and 250 mg/kg/day) for 15 d (beginning on day 21 of the experimental period). The clinical, histological, biochemical, and immunological parameters were assessed. Results CaME treatment (150 and 250 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the severity of CIA and reduced the synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, and bone erosion as evident from both histological and radiographic data. The escalated plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 alongwith nitric oxide in CIA rats decreased significantly on CaME treatment. The serum levels of type-Ⅱ collagen antibody were significantly lower in rats of CaME (150 and 250 mg/kg) treated group than those in the arthritic group. Furthermore, by inhibiting the above mediators, CaME also contributed towards the reversal of the disturbed antioxidant levels and peroxidative damage. Conclusion Our results clearly indicate that oral administration of CaME suppresses joint inflammation, cytokine expression as well as antioxidant imbalance, thereby contributing to an amelioration of arthritis severity in CIA rats.展开更多
Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by multiple joint lesions and systemic complications.Danggui Niantong decoction(DGNTT)has been clinically used for RA treatment;however,it...Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by multiple joint lesions and systemic complications.Danggui Niantong decoction(DGNTT)has been clinically used for RA treatment;however,its beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary complications has not been reported.Methods:Female tumor necrosis factor-transgenic(TNF-Tg)mice were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DGNTT on arthritis and cardiopulmonary complications.Methotrexate(MTX)served as a positive control.Histopathological assessment of the joint sections was performed using hematoxylin and eosin(HE),Alcian Blue/Orange G,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Bone mass was assessed by micro-computed tomography,inflammatory infiltrates in the heart and lungs were evaluated by HE staining,cardiopulmonary fibrotic injury was identified by Masson’s trichrome staining,and hypertrophy of mouse cardiomyocytes was measured by wheat germ agglutinin(WGA)staining.Results:DGNTT mitigated the inflammation of the ankle joint synovium,decreased the number of osteoclasts,and increased the area of cartilage and bone mass in TNF-Tg mice.In addition,DGNTT decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung and heart tissues,accompanied by a reduction in cardiopulmonary fibrosis and myocardial cell hypertrophy in TNF-Tg mice.As a positive control drug,MTX attenuated the pathological changes in joints,but had no beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in TNF-Tg mice.Conclusions:DGNTT improved joint lesions and alleviated cardiopulmonary complications in TNF-Tg mice.展开更多
Objective: To investigate whether the dried root of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht(Phellodendri cortex; PC) extract improves arthritic symptoms through anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in collagen-i...Objective: To investigate whether the dried root of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht(Phellodendri cortex; PC) extract improves arthritic symptoms through anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Methods: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) was induced in male DBA/1 mice by immunization with type Ⅱ collagen(ColⅡ). CIA mice were divided into 5 groups(n=10 per a group) with normal, CIA control, PC extract(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)-treated, and meloxicam(50 mg/kg)-treated as the reference drug. The PC extract or meloxicam were administered orally in CIA mice once a day for 14 days after arthritis induction. Arthritic score, levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and interleukin(IL)-17 in the sera of CIA mice were measured. Histopathological changes in the ankle joints of CIA mice were also analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin(H and E), safranin-O and immunohistochemistry using anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-17 antibodies. Results: The arthritic score was increased in CIA mice in a time-dependent manner, as were the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17. However, the oral administration of PC extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg in CIA mice significantly decreased the arthritic scores, and the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17 compared with those in the CIA group(P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). Furthermore, histopathological improvement of the joint architecture in CIA mice was observed after administration of PC extract. PC extract also significantly inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-17 in the joints of CIA mice by suppressing the expression of their m RNA and proteins. Conclusion: PC extract may improve the pathological progression of RA through the inhibition of joint destruction by synovial inflammation and immune-stimulation, therefore, it would be a potential anti-arthritic agent in RA.展开更多
Triptolide(TP),a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF),is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,it has a narrow therapeutic window due to its serious toxicities.To increase the therap...Triptolide(TP),a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF),is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,it has a narrow therapeutic window due to its serious toxicities.To increase the therapeutic index,a new triptolide-loaded transdermal delivery system,named triptolide-loaded liposome hydrogel patch(TP-LHP),has been developed.In this paper,we used a micro-needle array to deliver TP-LHP to promote transdermal absorption and evaluated this treatment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TP-LHP in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).The pharmacokinetic results showed that transdermal delivery of microneedle TP-LHP yielded plasma drug levels which fit a onecompartment open model.The relationship equation between plasma concentration and time was C=303.59(e 0.064 t e 0.287t).The results of pharmacodynamic study demonstrated that TP-LHP treatment mitigated the degree of joint swelling and suppressed the expressions of fetal liver kinase-1,fetal liver tyrosine kinase-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in synovium.Other indicators were also reduced by TP-LHP,including hyperfunction of immune,interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels in serum.The therapeutic mechanism of TP-LHP might be regulation of the balance between Th1 and Th2,as well as inhibition of the expression and biological effects of vascular endothelial growth factor.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of norcantharidin(NCTD) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10): normal group, CIA model gr...Objective: To observe the effect of norcantharidin(NCTD) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10): normal group, CIA model group(model group), NCTD low-dose group [1.35 mg/(kg·d)], NCTD middle-dose group [2.7 mg/(kg·d)], NCTD high-dose group [5.4 mg/(kg·d)] and methotrexate(MTX) group [1.8 mg/(kg/w)]. Anesthetized rats were sacrificed by luxation of cervical vertebra after 4 weeks of administration. The arthritis scores were evaluated twice a week. The pathological changes in the ankle joints of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(H&E) staining. The serum levels of interleukin(IL) 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), IL-17 and transform growth factor(TGF) β were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The mRNA expression of retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor γ t(ROR γ t) and forkhead box P3(Foxp3) in peripheral blood lymphocytes were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: MTX and high-dose NCTD not only decreased the arthritis scores but also alleviated the pathological changes in CIA rats' ankle joints compared with the model group(P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). All doses of NCTD significantly inhibited the serum levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in CIA rats(P〈0.05). Only middle-and high-dose of NCTD prominently decreased serum IL-1β and TGF-β levels of CIA rats(P〈0.05). However, NCTD has no effect on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) level in CIA rats. The Foxp3 mRNA expression in all NCTD groups were increased significantly than in the model group(P〈0.05). The mRNA expression of RORγt in NCTD high-dose group was decreased apparently in comparison with the model group(P〈0.05). Conclusion: NCTD showed therapeutic effect on CIA rats by inhibition of cytokines and regulation of Th17/Treg cells.展开更多
Antibodies against type II collagen(CII)are essential for development of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),but how and where the B-cell response to CII is initiated is not fully known.We show here that naive DBA/1 mice ...Antibodies against type II collagen(CII)are essential for development of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),but how and where the B-cell response to CII is initiated is not fully known.We show here that naive DBA/1 mice display naturally reactive IgM and IgG anti-CII producing B cells prior to immunization.The CII-reactive B cells were observed in the spleen and recognized as marginal zone(MZ)B cells.After CII immunization,CII-specific B cells expanded rapidly in the spleen,in contrast to the lymph nodes,with the initial response derived from MZ B cells and later by follicular(FO)B cells.This was evident despite that the MZ B cells were subject to stringent tolerance mechanisms by having a greater Fc gamma receptor IIb expression than the FO B cells.Further,the MZ B cells migrated to the FO areas upon immunization,possibly providing antigen and activating FO T cells and subsequently FO B cells.Thus,around CIA onset increased numbers of IgG anti-CII producing FO B cells was seen in the spleen,which was dominated by IgG2a-and IgG2b-positive cells.These data demonstrate that CII-reactive MZ B cells are present before and expand after CII immunization,suggesting an initiating role of MZ B cells in the development of CIA.展开更多
Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is an animal model, which closely resembles human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in pathogenesis and pathology. Evidence suggests that the inhibition of T lymphocytes or their functions...Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is an animal model, which closely resembles human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in pathogenesis and pathology. Evidence suggests that the inhibition of T lymphocytes or their functions can alleviate the progression of arthritis. So the administration of arthritogenic T cell receptor (TCR) variable region peptide or DNA vaccines encoding pathogenic TCR Vβ variable region may provide useful information for designing specific immunotherapies against autoimmune diseases. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have the function of raising antigenic immunogenicity and HSP70 has a protective effect against arthritis. We previously demonstrated the presence of pathogenic predominant T cell receptor Vβ5.2 and Vβ8.2 clonotypes in the joints of CIA rats. In this study, we constructed the recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors pTARGET-TCR Vβ5.2/8.2-HSP70, and evaluated their protective effects on CIA rats. Protective effects were observed in CIA rats by injecting these recombinant DNA vaccines, which could alleviate arthritis index, decrease the levels of IFN-~ and anti-CII antibody in serum, and increase the levels of IL-4. Pathological changes were not as serious as those observed in control CIA rats. The rat injected with two combined vaccines showed better protective effects than CIA rats administered with individual vaccine. These results showed that recombinant DNA vaccines pTARGET-TCR Vβ5.2-HSP70 and pTARGET-TCR Vβ8.2-HSP70 could significantly alleviate the arthritic symptoms of CIA rats, and better protective effects could be achieved if these two vaccines were used in combination. Cellular & Molecular Immunology.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of oral administration of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on adjusting angiogeneic/inflammatory mediators and ameliorating the pathology of bones in rats with collagen...Objective: To study the effect of oral administration of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on adjusting angiogeneic/inflammatory mediators and ameliorating the pathology of bones in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods: Wistar rat model of CIA was set up using bovine collagen type H. Fifty rats were divided into five groups randomly: normal, CIA model, DDB treatment, methotrexate (MTX) treatment, and combined DDB+MTX treatment. Ankle joints of rats were imaged with digital X-ray machine to show the destruction of joints. Fore and hind paw and knee joints were removed above the ankle joint then processed for haematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide levels were detected by Griess reagent. Results: Compared with the CIA model group, a remarkable reduction in various angiogenic (VEGF and IL-8) and inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-4 and COX-2) after treatment with DDB either alone or combined with MTX (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). Histopathological and X-ray findings were confirmatory to the observed DDB anti-arthritic effect. The DDB-treated group showed amelioration in signs of arthritis which appeared essentially similar to normal. Conclusion: Our data shed light on the therapeutic efficacy of DDB in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with a choice drug (MTX) and it may be offered as a second-line drug in the treatment of RA.展开更多
Background Arthritogenic T lymphocytes with common T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ clonotypes, infiltrating in the articulars of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, play a central role in the pathogenesis of RA. TCR Vβ...Background Arthritogenic T lymphocytes with common T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ clonotypes, infiltrating in the articulars of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, play a central role in the pathogenesis of RA. TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2 are the main pathogenic T cell clonotypes in the course of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) progression in Lewis rats. To investigate a TCR-based immunotherapy for RA, we constructed recombinant DNA vaccines encoding TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2, and evaluated the inhibitive effects of the two vaccines on CIA rats.Methods Genes encoding TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2 were amplified by RT-PCR from spleen lymphocytes of Lewis rats and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pTargeT. The expression of vaccines was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The inhibitive effects of the vaccines on articulars of CIA rats were assessed with arthritis index evaluation and histology. Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 production by spleen lymphocytes were tested with enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) technique, the changes in peripheral CD4^+ and CD8^+ lymphocyte populations were tested by flow cytometry, and the level of anti-CII antibody in serum was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Recombinant DNA vaccines pTargeT-TCR Vβ5.2 and pTargeT-pTCR Vβ8.2 were successfully constructed. Both vaccines inhibited CIA, which alleviated the arthritis index score (P 〈0.05), decreased the level of IFN-γ (P 〈0.05), and reduced the ratio of CD4^+/CD8^+ lymphocytes (P 〈0.05) and the anti-CII antibody in serum (P 〈0.05). In addition, the histological change in DNA-vaccinated rats was less serious than CIA rats. Compared to pTCR Vβ 8.2 and pTCR Vβ 5.2 groups, the group that was injected with a combination of the two vaccines showed stronger inhibitive effects on CIA than either individual vaccine.Conclusion The recombinant plasmids pTargeT-TCR Vβ5.2 and pTargeT-TCR Vβ8.2 have obvious inhibatory effects on CIA rats and better effects could be achieved when the vaccines were used in combination.展开更多
Objectives: To determine the effective dosage and formulation of agkistrodon in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: CIA was induced by injection of collagen in complete/incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Ag...Objectives: To determine the effective dosage and formulation of agkistrodon in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: CIA was induced by injection of collagen in complete/incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Agkistrodon decoction, agkistrodon powder, and agkistrodon wine were administered daily starting from the onset of arthritis. Paw swelling degree was measured by using a volume-measuring instrument every 7 days after primary immunization. Arthritis index was measured and calculated using the "five scoring method" every 7 days. The levels of serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, all ankles were removed, and X-ray radiography was performed with In-vivo Imaging System FX. Samples were counterstained with hematoxylin and eosin for analysis. Results: Among the various dosage formulations of agkistrodon, high-dose powder, which was equivalent to an amount of 6 g/day in adults, showed better effects on the inhibition of joint swelling and reduction of arthritis index score. The relatively low levels of serum IL-1 and anti-type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies, as well as the X-ray radiography and pathology results, further proved the superiority of the high-dose powder over the other formulations. The effect of decoction on inhibiting joint swelling was inversely proportional to the dosage. Other effects, such as reduction of arthritis index score and the levels of serum IL-1 and anti-type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies, were directly proportional to the dosage. While the use of large dose agkistrodon wine led to negative effects. Conclusions: These data highlight the potential function of high-dose agkistrodon powder, which was equivalent to an amount of 6 g/day in adults. The powder can quickly relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and prevent aggravation of disease, especially during the early period.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of Wenhua Juanbi Recipe(温化蠲痹方, WJR) on expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and tumor necrosis factor receptor supe...Objective: To study the effect of Wenhua Juanbi Recipe(温化蠲痹方, WJR) on expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14(TNFRSF14, also known as LIGHT) in rats with collagen-induced arthritis(CIA). Methods: CIA rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of bovine collagen type-Ⅱ at the tail base. Sixty CIA rats were randomly assigned(10 animals/group) to: model, methotrexate(MTX)-treated(0.78 mg/kg body weight), and WJR-treated(22.9 g/kg) groups. Healthy normal rats(n=10) were used as the normal control. Treatments or saline were administered once daily by oral gavage. Rats were sacrificed at day 28 post-treatment and knee synovium and peripheral blood serum were collected. Toe swelling degree and expression of RANKL, OPG, and LIGHT were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the normal group, toe swelling degree was significantly increased in the model group(P〈0.01). After treatment, toe swelling degree decreased significantly in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P〈0.01). Compared with the normal group, expression of RANKL and LIGHT were significantly increased and OPG significantly decreased in peripheral blood and synovium of the model group(P〈0.01). Conversely, RANKL and LIGHT expression were significantly reduced and OPG increased in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P〈0.01). No statistically significant difference existed between WJR and MTX groups. Conclusion: WJR likely acts by reducing RANKL expression and increasing OPG expression, thus inhibiting RANKL/RANK interaction and reducing LIGHT expression, thereby inhibiting osteoclast formation/activation to block bone erosion.展开更多
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation(No.81822050,81920108032,81904227)Shanghai“Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan”Medical Innovation Research Project(No.21Y11921400)+4 种基金the Program for Innovative Research Team of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2015RA4002)“Innovation Team”Development Projects(No.IRT1270)Innovative Team Project of Scientific Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(No.2022CX001)Shanghai TCM Medical Center of Chronic Disease(No.2022ZZ01009)Jing'an District Health Research Project of Shanghai(No.2022MS03).
文摘Objective: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a chronic inflammatory and destructive arthritis, characterized by inflammatory infiltration and bone destruction. Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD) is traditional Chinese medicine, which has been applied in the treatment of RA in clinical. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of HGWD on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) mouse model.Methods: DBA/1J female mice were used to establish the collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) model. HGWD was administered intragastrically once a day for four weeks starting on the 22nd day after the first immunization. The body weight, hind paw thickness and clinical score were measured every five days. Gait analysis, histopathological staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), ultrasound imaging and micro-computed tomography imaging were performed to determine the effects of HGWD treatment on inflammation and bone structure in this model. Moreover, Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect inflammatory factors m RNA and protein levels after HGWD intervention in RAW264.7 cells.Results: HGWD attenuated symptoms of arthritis, suppressed inflammatory synovium area and the serum levels of inflammatory factors, inhibited joint space enlargement in the knee and ankle joints,reduced numbers of osteoclasts, protected bone destruction, as well as improved motor function.HGWD decreased the expression of m RNA for inflammatory factors and the protein expression levels of p-NF-ΚB and IL-17.Conclusion: These results suggested that HGWD suppresses inflammation, attenuates bone erosion and maintains motor function in collagen-induced arthritis mice.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81270949).
文摘Summary:Huai Qi Huang(HQH)exerts great effects in clinic,such as anti-inflammation,immune-regulation,anti-cancer,and so on.However,the mechanism by which HQH protects juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA)is obscure.Thus,we explored deeply the protective mechanisms in juvenile collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model.Pyroptosis is Gasdermin D(GSDMD)-dependent programmed cell death,involved in many diseases,such as sepsis.We investigated whether GSDMD-induced pyroptosis take part in mechanisms of juvenile CIA arthritis.Juvenile Wistar rats(3-4 weeks)were injected intradermally with fully emulsified bovine typeⅡcollagen and complete Freund's adjuvant to establish CIA rat models.Later,the CIA rats received oral administration of HQH(4.16 g/kg)once a day from the day 21 of modeling,with the treatment lasting for 28 days.Varieties of indicators were measured for evaluation of anti-inflammation effect of HQH,including hind paw swelling,arthritis scores,micro CT,and histopathological changes and the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum,including tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α)and interleukin-18(IL-18).The expression of GSDMD and caspasein the joint synovial tissues was detected.The results demonstrated that the expression of the pyroptotic protein GSDMD and its upstream caspase-1 was significantly increased in the synovial tissues of CIA rats.The treatment of HQH ameliorated the symptoms in CIA rats,reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and hind paw swelling,down-regulated the expression of GDSMD and caspase-1.GSDMDinduced pyroptosis participated in the pathogenesis of CIA rats.The study supported that HQH can effectively improve joints inflammation of juvenile collagen-induced arthritis rats by inhibiting pyroptosis pathway in the joint synovial tissues.
文摘Summary: The expression and activity of NF-kB in the synovium of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) rats was detected in order to investigate the possible therapeutic effects of triptolide on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The experimental Wistar rat model of CIA was set up by intradermal injection of emulsion of bovine collagen 11 and the successful rate of setting-up models was evaluated by arthritis index (AI). Rats were grouped randomly into three groups: normal, model and treatment group. The expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in synovial fluid was detected by ELISA, and the expression and activity of NF kB in synovium by immunohistochemistry method and by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) respectively. As compared with normal group, the expression of TNF a and IL-6 in synovia (P〈0. 05), and the expression and activity of NF-kB (P〈0.05) in synovium were increased in model group. There was statistical difference in above-mentioned indexes between model group and treatment group. Triptolide may play a protective role in IRA via downregulating the expression and activity of NF-kB in synovium.
文摘Over one half the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are being treated with methotrexate (MTX). Although well proven, the efficacy of MTX varies in individual patients. This study examined the metabolic biomarkers that can be used to predict the therapeutic effect of MTX by using metabolomic analysis. Rats were immunized with collagen to rapidly cause collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and then treated with 0.1 mg/kg MTX for 4 weeks. The clinical signs and the histopathological features of CIA were observed to evaluate the therapeutic effects. Urine samples of CIA rats were collected, and analyzed by using 600 M 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) for spectral binning after the therapy. The urine spectra were divided into spectral bins, and 20 endogenous metabolites were assigned by Chenomx Suite. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify the spectral pattern of endogenous metabolites related to MTX therapy. The results showed that the clustering of the spectra of the urine samples from the responsive rats (n=20) was different from that from the non-responsive rats (n=11). Multivariate analysis showed difference in metabolic profiles between the responsive and non-responsive rats by using partial least squares-discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) (R2=0.812, Q2=0.604). In targeted profiling, 13 endogenous metabolites (uric acid, taurine, histidine, methionine, glycine, etc.) were selected as putative biomarkers for predicting therapeutic response to MTX. It was suggested that 1H-NMR-based metabolomic analysis can be used to predict the therapeutic effect of MTX, and several metabolites were found to be related to the therapeutic effects of MTX.
文摘The therapeutic actions of Qing Luo Yin (QLY清络饮) with heat property and Wen Luo Yin (WLY温络饮) with cold property on pain, swelling of the ankle, arthritis index and ultrastructures of synoviocytes were compared in rats of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), with tripterygium glycosidorum (TG) used as control. The results indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce pain, swelling of the ankle and the arthritis index of CIA, and QLY had better effects in reducing the swelling of the ankle and controlling the secondary pathological lesions as compared with WLY. Investigation on the ultrastructures of synoviocytes indicated that both QLY and WLY could reduce the number of Golgi apparatus, rough surface endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies, matrix filaments and vacuoles so as to suppress the excessive secretion of synoviocytes in rats of CIA.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of Yangqixue Qufengshi Recipe (养气血祛风湿方, YQXQFS) on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model mice under different genetic backgrounds. Methods: Collagen Induced Arthritis (CIA) were established on HLA-DR4 transgenic (TG) mice and non-transgenic (NTG) mice, which partly were raised with YQXQFS, and the onset day of CIA, the level of type Ⅱ collagen (C Ⅱ )-reactive antibodies and the pathological scores of CIA were assessed. Results: Under HLA-DR4 TG background (compared with NTG mice), the earlier onset day of CIA ( 11.22±3.35 days vs 16.56 ±4.75 days, P〈0.05) and higher level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies (0. 2274±0. 1390μg/ml vs 0.1101±0. 0560μg/ml, P〈0.05) were observed, but the pathological scores of CIA remained unchange. YQXQFS could not influence the onset day of CIA and the level of C Ⅱ-reactive antibodies, but had a certain effect on the total pathological scores (6.56±3.43 scores vs 11.11±5.64 scores) and bone erosion (0.22±0.44 scores vs 1.67±1.50 scores) of CIA on NTG mice (P〈0.05), NTG YQXQFS group compared with NTG experimental group. Conclusion: YQXQFS had a certain effect on RA model, but had no significant effect on HLA-DR4 related CIA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274329,82304991)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No,2023M732336)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Sailing Program Foundation(No.23YF1442500)。
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a chronic autoimmune disorder marked by persistent synovial inflammation and joint degradation,posing challenges in the development of effective treatments.Nuciferine,an alkaloid found in lotus leaf,has shown promising anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects,yet its efficacy in RA treatment remains unexplored.This study investigated the antiproliferative effects of nuciferine on the MH7A cell line,a human RA-derived fibroblast-like synoviocyte,revealing its ability to inhibit cell proliferation,promote apoptosis,induce apoptosis,and cause G1/S phase arrest.Additionally,nuciferine significantly reduced the migration and invasion capabilities of MH7A cells.The therapeutic potential of nuciferine was further evaluated in a collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)rat model,where it markedly alleviated joint swelling,synovial hyperplasia,cartilage injury,and inflammatory infiltration.Nuciferine also improved collagen-induced bone erosion,decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum immunoglobulins(IgG,IgG1,IgG2a),and restored the balance between T helper(Th)17 and regulatory T cells in the spleen of CIA rats.These results indicate that nuciferine may offer therapeutic advantages for RA by decreasing the proliferation and invasiveness of FLS cells and correcting the Th17/Treg cell imbalance in CIA rats.
基金financial assistance received from University Grants Commission to undertake the present study
文摘Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-arthritic effects of Centello asiatica methanolfraction (CAME) on collagen-induced arthritis (ClA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Arthritis was induced in female wistar rats by immunization with porcine type II collagen. The CIA rats were treated orally with CaME (50, 150, and 250 mg/kg/day) for 15 d (beginning on day 21 of the experimental period). The clinical, histological, biochemical, and immunological parameters were assessed. Results CaME treatment (150 and 250 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the severity of CIA and reduced the synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion, and bone erosion as evident from both histological and radiographic data. The escalated plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-12 alongwith nitric oxide in CIA rats decreased significantly on CaME treatment. The serum levels of type-Ⅱ collagen antibody were significantly lower in rats of CaME (150 and 250 mg/kg) treated group than those in the arthritic group. Furthermore, by inhibiting the above mediators, CaME also contributed towards the reversal of the disturbed antioxidant levels and peroxidative damage. Conclusion Our results clearly indicate that oral administration of CaME suppresses joint inflammation, cytokine expression as well as antioxidant imbalance, thereby contributing to an amelioration of arthritis severity in CIA rats.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation (81822050,81920108032)Young Qihuang Scholar of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Qianqian Liang,Innovation Team Project of the Scientific Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Health Committee (2022CX001)+2 种基金Shanghai Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation Industry Transformation Synergy Innovation Center of Qianqian Liang,Program for Innovative Research Team of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015RA4002),“Innovation Team”Development Projects (IRT1270)Shanghai TCM Medical Center of Chronic Disease (2022ZZ01009)Jing’an District Health Research Project of Shanghai (2022MS03).
文摘Objective:Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a common autoimmune disease characterized by multiple joint lesions and systemic complications.Danggui Niantong decoction(DGNTT)has been clinically used for RA treatment;however,its beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary complications has not been reported.Methods:Female tumor necrosis factor-transgenic(TNF-Tg)mice were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of DGNTT on arthritis and cardiopulmonary complications.Methotrexate(MTX)served as a positive control.Histopathological assessment of the joint sections was performed using hematoxylin and eosin(HE),Alcian Blue/Orange G,and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Bone mass was assessed by micro-computed tomography,inflammatory infiltrates in the heart and lungs were evaluated by HE staining,cardiopulmonary fibrotic injury was identified by Masson’s trichrome staining,and hypertrophy of mouse cardiomyocytes was measured by wheat germ agglutinin(WGA)staining.Results:DGNTT mitigated the inflammation of the ankle joint synovium,decreased the number of osteoclasts,and increased the area of cartilage and bone mass in TNF-Tg mice.In addition,DGNTT decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the lung and heart tissues,accompanied by a reduction in cardiopulmonary fibrosis and myocardial cell hypertrophy in TNF-Tg mice.As a positive control drug,MTX attenuated the pathological changes in joints,but had no beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary inflammation and fibrosis in TNF-Tg mice.Conclusions:DGNTT improved joint lesions and alleviated cardiopulmonary complications in TNF-Tg mice.
基金supported by the research fund from Korean Medicine R&D Center, Dongguk University, Republic of Korea
文摘Objective: To investigate whether the dried root of Phellodendron amurense Ruprecht(Phellodendri cortex; PC) extract improves arthritic symptoms through anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects in collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Methods: Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) was induced in male DBA/1 mice by immunization with type Ⅱ collagen(ColⅡ). CIA mice were divided into 5 groups(n=10 per a group) with normal, CIA control, PC extract(50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg)-treated, and meloxicam(50 mg/kg)-treated as the reference drug. The PC extract or meloxicam were administered orally in CIA mice once a day for 14 days after arthritis induction. Arthritic score, levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, and interleukin(IL)-17 in the sera of CIA mice were measured. Histopathological changes in the ankle joints of CIA mice were also analyzed by staining with hematoxylin and eosin(H and E), safranin-O and immunohistochemistry using anti-TNF-α and anti-IL-17 antibodies. Results: The arthritic score was increased in CIA mice in a time-dependent manner, as were the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a antibody, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17. However, the oral administration of PC extract at 50 and 100 mg/kg in CIA mice significantly decreased the arthritic scores, and the serum levels of anti-ColⅡ IgG2a, PGE2, TNF-α, and IL-17 compared with those in the CIA group(P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). Furthermore, histopathological improvement of the joint architecture in CIA mice was observed after administration of PC extract. PC extract also significantly inhibited the expression of TNF-α and IL-17 in the joints of CIA mice by suppressing the expression of their m RNA and proteins. Conclusion: PC extract may improve the pathological progression of RA through the inhibition of joint destruction by synovial inflammation and immune-stimulation, therefore, it would be a potential anti-arthritic agent in RA.
基金supported by National Science and Technology Major Project on Significant Creation of New Drugs of China(2009ZX09502-019)
文摘Triptolide(TP),a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.F.(TWHF),is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis(RA).However,it has a narrow therapeutic window due to its serious toxicities.To increase the therapeutic index,a new triptolide-loaded transdermal delivery system,named triptolide-loaded liposome hydrogel patch(TP-LHP),has been developed.In this paper,we used a micro-needle array to deliver TP-LHP to promote transdermal absorption and evaluated this treatment on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of TP-LHP in a rat model of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).The pharmacokinetic results showed that transdermal delivery of microneedle TP-LHP yielded plasma drug levels which fit a onecompartment open model.The relationship equation between plasma concentration and time was C=303.59(e 0.064 t e 0.287t).The results of pharmacodynamic study demonstrated that TP-LHP treatment mitigated the degree of joint swelling and suppressed the expressions of fetal liver kinase-1,fetal liver tyrosine kinase-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in synovium.Other indicators were also reduced by TP-LHP,including hyperfunction of immune,interleukin-1β and interleukin-6 levels in serum.The therapeutic mechanism of TP-LHP might be regulation of the balance between Th1 and Th2,as well as inhibition of the expression and biological effects of vascular endothelial growth factor.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81273837)
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of norcantharidin(NCTD) on collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: Sixty Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=10): normal group, CIA model group(model group), NCTD low-dose group [1.35 mg/(kg·d)], NCTD middle-dose group [2.7 mg/(kg·d)], NCTD high-dose group [5.4 mg/(kg·d)] and methotrexate(MTX) group [1.8 mg/(kg/w)]. Anesthetized rats were sacrificed by luxation of cervical vertebra after 4 weeks of administration. The arthritis scores were evaluated twice a week. The pathological changes in the ankle joints of rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(H&E) staining. The serum levels of interleukin(IL) 1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), IL-17 and transform growth factor(TGF) β were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The mRNA expression of retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor γ t(ROR γ t) and forkhead box P3(Foxp3) in peripheral blood lymphocytes were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: MTX and high-dose NCTD not only decreased the arthritis scores but also alleviated the pathological changes in CIA rats' ankle joints compared with the model group(P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). All doses of NCTD significantly inhibited the serum levels of IL-6, IL-17 and TNF-α in CIA rats(P〈0.05). Only middle-and high-dose of NCTD prominently decreased serum IL-1β and TGF-β levels of CIA rats(P〈0.05). However, NCTD has no effect on vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) level in CIA rats. The Foxp3 mRNA expression in all NCTD groups were increased significantly than in the model group(P〈0.05). The mRNA expression of RORγt in NCTD high-dose group was decreased apparently in comparison with the model group(P〈0.05). Conclusion: NCTD showed therapeutic effect on CIA rats by inhibition of cytokines and regulation of Th17/Treg cells.
基金This research project was supported by the Swedish Research Council and The King Gustav V’s 80 years Foundation
文摘Antibodies against type II collagen(CII)are essential for development of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA),but how and where the B-cell response to CII is initiated is not fully known.We show here that naive DBA/1 mice display naturally reactive IgM and IgG anti-CII producing B cells prior to immunization.The CII-reactive B cells were observed in the spleen and recognized as marginal zone(MZ)B cells.After CII immunization,CII-specific B cells expanded rapidly in the spleen,in contrast to the lymph nodes,with the initial response derived from MZ B cells and later by follicular(FO)B cells.This was evident despite that the MZ B cells were subject to stringent tolerance mechanisms by having a greater Fc gamma receptor IIb expression than the FO B cells.Further,the MZ B cells migrated to the FO areas upon immunization,possibly providing antigen and activating FO T cells and subsequently FO B cells.Thus,around CIA onset increased numbers of IgG anti-CII producing FO B cells was seen in the spleen,which was dominated by IgG2a-and IgG2b-positive cells.These data demonstrate that CII-reactive MZ B cells are present before and expand after CII immunization,suggesting an initiating role of MZ B cells in the development of CIA.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(No.7052011).
文摘Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is an animal model, which closely resembles human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in pathogenesis and pathology. Evidence suggests that the inhibition of T lymphocytes or their functions can alleviate the progression of arthritis. So the administration of arthritogenic T cell receptor (TCR) variable region peptide or DNA vaccines encoding pathogenic TCR Vβ variable region may provide useful information for designing specific immunotherapies against autoimmune diseases. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) have the function of raising antigenic immunogenicity and HSP70 has a protective effect against arthritis. We previously demonstrated the presence of pathogenic predominant T cell receptor Vβ5.2 and Vβ8.2 clonotypes in the joints of CIA rats. In this study, we constructed the recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors pTARGET-TCR Vβ5.2/8.2-HSP70, and evaluated their protective effects on CIA rats. Protective effects were observed in CIA rats by injecting these recombinant DNA vaccines, which could alleviate arthritis index, decrease the levels of IFN-~ and anti-CII antibody in serum, and increase the levels of IL-4. Pathological changes were not as serious as those observed in control CIA rats. The rat injected with two combined vaccines showed better protective effects than CIA rats administered with individual vaccine. These results showed that recombinant DNA vaccines pTARGET-TCR Vβ5.2-HSP70 and pTARGET-TCR Vβ8.2-HSP70 could significantly alleviate the arthritic symptoms of CIA rats, and better protective effects could be achieved if these two vaccines were used in combination. Cellular & Molecular Immunology.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of oral administration of dimethyl dimethoxy biphenyl dicarboxylate (DDB) on adjusting angiogeneic/inflammatory mediators and ameliorating the pathology of bones in rats with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). Methods: Wistar rat model of CIA was set up using bovine collagen type H. Fifty rats were divided into five groups randomly: normal, CIA model, DDB treatment, methotrexate (MTX) treatment, and combined DDB+MTX treatment. Ankle joints of rats were imaged with digital X-ray machine to show the destruction of joints. Fore and hind paw and knee joints were removed above the ankle joint then processed for haematoxylin and eosin staining. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), platelet derived growth factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), IL-4, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Nitric oxide levels were detected by Griess reagent. Results: Compared with the CIA model group, a remarkable reduction in various angiogenic (VEGF and IL-8) and inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-4 and COX-2) after treatment with DDB either alone or combined with MTX (P〈0.05 or P〈0.01). Histopathological and X-ray findings were confirmatory to the observed DDB anti-arthritic effect. The DDB-treated group showed amelioration in signs of arthritis which appeared essentially similar to normal. Conclusion: Our data shed light on the therapeutic efficacy of DDB in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared with a choice drug (MTX) and it may be offered as a second-line drug in the treatment of RA.
基金This study was supported by a grant from the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (No.7052011).
文摘Background Arthritogenic T lymphocytes with common T cell receptor (TCR) Vβ clonotypes, infiltrating in the articulars of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, play a central role in the pathogenesis of RA. TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2 are the main pathogenic T cell clonotypes in the course of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) progression in Lewis rats. To investigate a TCR-based immunotherapy for RA, we constructed recombinant DNA vaccines encoding TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2, and evaluated the inhibitive effects of the two vaccines on CIA rats.Methods Genes encoding TCR Vβ5.2 and TCR Vβ8.2 were amplified by RT-PCR from spleen lymphocytes of Lewis rats and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pTargeT. The expression of vaccines was confirmed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The inhibitive effects of the vaccines on articulars of CIA rats were assessed with arthritis index evaluation and histology. Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL)-4 production by spleen lymphocytes were tested with enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) technique, the changes in peripheral CD4^+ and CD8^+ lymphocyte populations were tested by flow cytometry, and the level of anti-CII antibody in serum was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results Recombinant DNA vaccines pTargeT-TCR Vβ5.2 and pTargeT-pTCR Vβ8.2 were successfully constructed. Both vaccines inhibited CIA, which alleviated the arthritis index score (P 〈0.05), decreased the level of IFN-γ (P 〈0.05), and reduced the ratio of CD4^+/CD8^+ lymphocytes (P 〈0.05) and the anti-CII antibody in serum (P 〈0.05). In addition, the histological change in DNA-vaccinated rats was less serious than CIA rats. Compared to pTCR Vβ 8.2 and pTCR Vβ 5.2 groups, the group that was injected with a combination of the two vaccines showed stronger inhibitive effects on CIA than either individual vaccine.Conclusion The recombinant plasmids pTargeT-TCR Vβ5.2 and pTargeT-TCR Vβ8.2 have obvious inhibatory effects on CIA rats and better effects could be achieved when the vaccines were used in combination.
基金Supported by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2013ZA063 and No.2012ZB062)the Key Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Plan of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2009R50042-002)the Third Level of 151 Talents Project of Zhejiang Province,China
文摘Objectives: To determine the effective dosage and formulation of agkistrodon in collagen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats. Methods: CIA was induced by injection of collagen in complete/incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Agkistrodon decoction, agkistrodon powder, and agkistrodon wine were administered daily starting from the onset of arthritis. Paw swelling degree was measured by using a volume-measuring instrument every 7 days after primary immunization. Arthritis index was measured and calculated using the "five scoring method" every 7 days. The levels of serum interleukin-1β(IL-1β) and type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Finally, all ankles were removed, and X-ray radiography was performed with In-vivo Imaging System FX. Samples were counterstained with hematoxylin and eosin for analysis. Results: Among the various dosage formulations of agkistrodon, high-dose powder, which was equivalent to an amount of 6 g/day in adults, showed better effects on the inhibition of joint swelling and reduction of arthritis index score. The relatively low levels of serum IL-1 and anti-type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies, as well as the X-ray radiography and pathology results, further proved the superiority of the high-dose powder over the other formulations. The effect of decoction on inhibiting joint swelling was inversely proportional to the dosage. Other effects, such as reduction of arthritis index score and the levels of serum IL-1 and anti-type Ⅱ collagen Ig G antibodies, were directly proportional to the dosage. While the use of large dose agkistrodon wine led to negative effects. Conclusions: These data highlight the potential function of high-dose agkistrodon powder, which was equivalent to an amount of 6 g/day in adults. The powder can quickly relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and prevent aggravation of disease, especially during the early period.
基金Supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LY12H29008)the Zhejiang Provincial Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan(No.2008CA086,2009CB195,2012ZB121,2015ZA143)+1 种基金the Hangzhou Health Science and Technology Plan(No.2010B027,No.2014A37)the Hangzhou Social Development Plan(No.20120633B12,No.20160533B45)
文摘Objective: To study the effect of Wenhua Juanbi Recipe(温化蠲痹方, WJR) on expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand(RANKL), osteoprotegerin(OPG), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14(TNFRSF14, also known as LIGHT) in rats with collagen-induced arthritis(CIA). Methods: CIA rats were generated by subcutaneous injection of bovine collagen type-Ⅱ at the tail base. Sixty CIA rats were randomly assigned(10 animals/group) to: model, methotrexate(MTX)-treated(0.78 mg/kg body weight), and WJR-treated(22.9 g/kg) groups. Healthy normal rats(n=10) were used as the normal control. Treatments or saline were administered once daily by oral gavage. Rats were sacrificed at day 28 post-treatment and knee synovium and peripheral blood serum were collected. Toe swelling degree and expression of RANKL, OPG, and LIGHT were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: Compared with the normal group, toe swelling degree was significantly increased in the model group(P〈0.01). After treatment, toe swelling degree decreased significantly in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P〈0.01). Compared with the normal group, expression of RANKL and LIGHT were significantly increased and OPG significantly decreased in peripheral blood and synovium of the model group(P〈0.01). Conversely, RANKL and LIGHT expression were significantly reduced and OPG increased in the WJR and MTX groups compared with the model group(P〈0.01). No statistically significant difference existed between WJR and MTX groups. Conclusion: WJR likely acts by reducing RANKL expression and increasing OPG expression, thus inhibiting RANKL/RANK interaction and reducing LIGHT expression, thereby inhibiting osteoclast formation/activation to block bone erosion.