Understanding the nature of cell surface markers on exfoliated colonic cells is a crucial step in establishing criteria for a normally functioning mucosa. We have found that colonic cells isolated from stool samples (...Understanding the nature of cell surface markers on exfoliated colonic cells is a crucial step in establishing criteria for a normally functioning mucosa. We have found that colonic cells isolated from stool samples (SCSR-010 Fecal Cell Isolation Kit, NonInvasive Technologies, Elkridge, MD), preserved at room temperature for up to one week, with viability of >85% and low levels of apoptosis (8% - 10%) exhibit two distinct cell size subpopulations, in the 2.5 μM - 5.0 μM and 5.0 μM - 8.0 μM range. In addition to IgA, about 60% of the cells expressed a novel heterodimeric IgA/IgG immunoglobulin that conferred a broad-spectrum cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells. In a cohort of 58 subjects the exclusive absence of this immunoglobulin in two African-Americans was suggestive of a germline deletion. Serial cultures in stem cell medium retained the expression of this heterodimer. Since a majority of the cystic cells expressed the stem cell markers Lgr5 and Musashi-1 we termed these cells as gastrointestinal progenitor stem cells (GIP-C**). CXCR-4, the cytokine co-receptor for HIV was markedly expressed. These cells also expressed CD20, IgA, IgG, CD45, and COX-2. We assume that they originated from mature columnar epithelium by dedifferentiation. Our observations indicate that we have a robust noninvasive method to study mucosal pathophysiology and a direct method to create a database for applications in regenerative medicine.展开更多
Objective:To characterize,identify and investigate the anticancer properties of two new soil fungal isolates,Emericella nidulansand Fusarium solani isolated from Wady El-Natron in Egypt against colon cancer Caco-2(ATC...Objective:To characterize,identify and investigate the anticancer properties of two new soil fungal isolates,Emericella nidulansand Fusarium solani isolated from Wady El-Natron in Egypt against colon cancer Caco-2(ATCCj cell line.Methods:Soil sample was cultured and two strains were chosen for morphological and phenotypical characterization.Partial sequences of the 18s rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer region ITS of the two isolates were amplified by PCR.Phylogenetic tree construction and analysis of the resulted multiple sequences from the two fugal isolates were also carried out.In vitro anticancer activity of the two strains was done against colon Caco-2 cancer cell line.Reverse transcription — PCR was carried out to detect level of expression of p53 in Caco-2 cell line.Results:HF.I displayed morphological and genotypic characteristics most similar to that of Fusarium solani while HF.2 was most similar to Emericella nidulans with high similarity of 99%and 97%respectively.The multiple sequence alignment of the two fungal isolates showed that,the maximum identical conserved domains in the 18s rRNA genes were identified with the nucleotide regions of Slst to 399th base pairs,88th to 525th base pairs respectively.While those in the ITS genes were identified with the nucleotide regions of 88th to 463rd and Slst to 274th.The two isolates showed IC<sup><</sup>sub>50</sub> value with（6.24±5.21） and（9.84±0.36） μ g/mL) concentrations respectively at 28h.Reverse transcription- PCR indicated that these cells showed high level of expression for p53 mRNA.Conclusions:The morphology and molecular analysis identified HF.1 and HF.2 to be Fusarium solani and Emericella nidulans;new isolates of anticancer producing fungi from Wady El-Natroon city in Egypt.Treatment with the two isolates caused P53 expression in Caco-2 cell line.These two isolates can be used as an anticancer agents.展开更多
AIM To determine the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor(CRF2) in epithelial permeability and enterocyte cell differentiation. METHODS For this purpose,we used rat Sprague Dawley and various colon carcinom...AIM To determine the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor(CRF2) in epithelial permeability and enterocyte cell differentiation. METHODS For this purpose,we used rat Sprague Dawley and various colon carcinoma cell lines(SW620,HCT8 R,HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines). Expression of CRF2 protein was analyzed by fluorescent immunolabeling in normal rat colon and then by western blot in dissociated colonic epithelial cells and in the lysates of colon carcinoma cell lines or during the early differentiation of HT-29 cells(ten first days). To assess the impact of CRF2 signaling on colonic cell differentiation,HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were exposed to Urocortin 3 recombinant proteins(Ucn3,100 nmol/L). In some experiments,cells were pre-exposed to the astressin 2b(A2b) a CRF2 antagonist in order to inhibit the action of Ucn3. Intestinal cell differentiation was first analyzed by functional assays: the trans-cellular permeability and the para-cellular permeability were determined by Dextran-FITC intake and measure of the transepithelial electrical resistance respectively. Morphological modifications associated to epithelial dysfunction were analyzed by confocal microscopy after fluorescent labeling of actin(phaloidin-TRITC) and intercellular adhesion proteins such as E-cadherin,p120 ctn,occludin and ZO-1. The establishment of mature adherens junctions(AJ) was monitored by following the distribution of AJ proteins in lipid raft fractions,after separation of cell lysates on sucrose gradients. Finally,the m RNA and the protein expression levels of characteristic markers of intestinal epithelial cell(IEC) differentiation such as the transcriptional factor krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4) or the dipeptidyl peptidase IV(DPPIV) were performed by RT-PCR and western blot respectively. The specific activities of DPPIV and alkaline phosphatase(AP) enzymes were determined by a colorimetric method. RESULTS CRF2 protein is preferentially expressed in undifferentiated epithelial cells from the crypts of colon and in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Furthermore,CRF2 expression is down regulated according to the kinetic of HT-29 cell differentiation. By performing functional assays,we found that Ucn3-induced CRF2 signaling alters both para-and trans-cellular permeability of differentiated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. These effects are partly mediated by Ucn3-induced morphological changes associated with the disruption of mature AJ in HT-29 cells and tight junctions(TJ) in Caco-2 cells. Ucn3-mediated activation of CRF2 decreases m RNA and protein expression levels of KLF4 a transcription factor involved in IEC differentiation. This signaling is correlated to a down-regulation of key IEC markers such as DPPIV and AP,at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CRF2 signaling could modulate IEC differentiation. These mechanisms could be relevant to the stress induced epithelial alterations found in inflammatory bowel diseases.展开更多
文摘Understanding the nature of cell surface markers on exfoliated colonic cells is a crucial step in establishing criteria for a normally functioning mucosa. We have found that colonic cells isolated from stool samples (SCSR-010 Fecal Cell Isolation Kit, NonInvasive Technologies, Elkridge, MD), preserved at room temperature for up to one week, with viability of >85% and low levels of apoptosis (8% - 10%) exhibit two distinct cell size subpopulations, in the 2.5 μM - 5.0 μM and 5.0 μM - 8.0 μM range. In addition to IgA, about 60% of the cells expressed a novel heterodimeric IgA/IgG immunoglobulin that conferred a broad-spectrum cell mediated cytotoxicity against tumor cells. In a cohort of 58 subjects the exclusive absence of this immunoglobulin in two African-Americans was suggestive of a germline deletion. Serial cultures in stem cell medium retained the expression of this heterodimer. Since a majority of the cystic cells expressed the stem cell markers Lgr5 and Musashi-1 we termed these cells as gastrointestinal progenitor stem cells (GIP-C**). CXCR-4, the cytokine co-receptor for HIV was markedly expressed. These cells also expressed CD20, IgA, IgG, CD45, and COX-2. We assume that they originated from mature columnar epithelium by dedifferentiation. Our observations indicate that we have a robust noninvasive method to study mucosal pathophysiology and a direct method to create a database for applications in regenerative medicine.
基金Supported by Strategic Program of Chinese University of Hong KongDistinguished Young Investigator Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30029002
文摘瞄准：在氮的氧化物的版本上调查在伤寒上皮细胞和 Peyer 的补丁的淋巴细胞之间的相互作用的效果(没有) 并且响应志贺氏菌属脂肪的多糖(LPS ) 的 IL-6。方法：人的结肠的上皮细胞(Caco-2 ) 是有 Peyer 的补丁从的淋巴细胞的混合 cocultured 野类型(C57 老鼠) 并且可诱导没有 synthase 大美人老鼠，并且与志贺氏菌属 F2a-12 LPS 质问了。版本没有并且 mIL-6 被 Griess 比色测定和连接酶的免疫吸着剂试金(ELISA ) 分别地测量。结果：当 LPS 挑战不在时，不在 Caco-2 上皮细胞的培养基然而并非在 Peyer 的补丁的淋巴细胞被检测，并且 NO 版本在有从也的淋巴细胞的两 cocultures 是进一步起来调整的野类型或 i NOS 大美人老鼠，与一显著地，高水平与 i NOS 猛烈淋巴细胞在 coculture 观察了。在为 24-h 的志贺氏菌属 F2a-12 LPS 挑战以后，没有生产显著地从野类型的老鼠然而并非从 i NOS 猛烈老鼠与 Peyer 的补丁的淋巴细胞在独自一个的 Caco-2 和 coculture 被增加。LPS 被发现从淋巴细胞刺激 mIL-6 的版本，它被 coculture 与 Caco-2 上皮细胞压制。在从 i NOS 猛烈老鼠的淋巴细胞的导致 LPS 的 mIL-6 生产从野类型的老鼠比那显著地大。结论：Peyer 的补丁的淋巴细胞从伤寒维持没有生产的组成的基础水平上皮的房间 Caco-2。从 Peyer 的补丁的淋巴细胞的导致 LPS 的 mIL-6 版本被 cocultured 上皮细胞压制。当没有变化在在淋巴细胞从的没有生产是可检测的时野类型并且在 LPS 前后的 i NOS 猛烈老鼠质问，不从淋巴细胞看起来起一个禁止的作用在上皮响应 LPS 的没有版本和他们的自己的 mIL-6 版本。
文摘Objective:To characterize,identify and investigate the anticancer properties of two new soil fungal isolates,Emericella nidulansand Fusarium solani isolated from Wady El-Natron in Egypt against colon cancer Caco-2(ATCCj cell line.Methods:Soil sample was cultured and two strains were chosen for morphological and phenotypical characterization.Partial sequences of the 18s rRNA gene and the internal transcribed spacer region ITS of the two isolates were amplified by PCR.Phylogenetic tree construction and analysis of the resulted multiple sequences from the two fugal isolates were also carried out.In vitro anticancer activity of the two strains was done against colon Caco-2 cancer cell line.Reverse transcription — PCR was carried out to detect level of expression of p53 in Caco-2 cell line.Results:HF.I displayed morphological and genotypic characteristics most similar to that of Fusarium solani while HF.2 was most similar to Emericella nidulans with high similarity of 99%and 97%respectively.The multiple sequence alignment of the two fungal isolates showed that,the maximum identical conserved domains in the 18s rRNA genes were identified with the nucleotide regions of Slst to 399th base pairs,88th to 525th base pairs respectively.While those in the ITS genes were identified with the nucleotide regions of 88th to 463rd and Slst to 274th.The two isolates showed IC<sup><</sup>sub>50</sub> value with（6.24±5.21） and（9.84±0.36） μ g/mL) concentrations respectively at 28h.Reverse transcription- PCR indicated that these cells showed high level of expression for p53 mRNA.Conclusions:The morphology and molecular analysis identified HF.1 and HF.2 to be Fusarium solani and Emericella nidulans;new isolates of anticancer producing fungi from Wady El-Natroon city in Egypt.Treatment with the two isolates caused P53 expression in Caco-2 cell line.These two isolates can be used as an anticancer agents.
基金Supported by grants from Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer,Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer,No.GEFLUC and No.ESPOIR
文摘AIM To determine the role of corticotropin releasing factor receptor(CRF2) in epithelial permeability and enterocyte cell differentiation. METHODS For this purpose,we used rat Sprague Dawley and various colon carcinoma cell lines(SW620,HCT8 R,HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines). Expression of CRF2 protein was analyzed by fluorescent immunolabeling in normal rat colon and then by western blot in dissociated colonic epithelial cells and in the lysates of colon carcinoma cell lines or during the early differentiation of HT-29 cells(ten first days). To assess the impact of CRF2 signaling on colonic cell differentiation,HT-29 and Caco-2 cells were exposed to Urocortin 3 recombinant proteins(Ucn3,100 nmol/L). In some experiments,cells were pre-exposed to the astressin 2b(A2b) a CRF2 antagonist in order to inhibit the action of Ucn3. Intestinal cell differentiation was first analyzed by functional assays: the trans-cellular permeability and the para-cellular permeability were determined by Dextran-FITC intake and measure of the transepithelial electrical resistance respectively. Morphological modifications associated to epithelial dysfunction were analyzed by confocal microscopy after fluorescent labeling of actin(phaloidin-TRITC) and intercellular adhesion proteins such as E-cadherin,p120 ctn,occludin and ZO-1. The establishment of mature adherens junctions(AJ) was monitored by following the distribution of AJ proteins in lipid raft fractions,after separation of cell lysates on sucrose gradients. Finally,the m RNA and the protein expression levels of characteristic markers of intestinal epithelial cell(IEC) differentiation such as the transcriptional factor krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4) or the dipeptidyl peptidase IV(DPPIV) were performed by RT-PCR and western blot respectively. The specific activities of DPPIV and alkaline phosphatase(AP) enzymes were determined by a colorimetric method. RESULTS CRF2 protein is preferentially expressed in undifferentiated epithelial cells from the crypts of colon and in human colon carcinoma cell lines. Furthermore,CRF2 expression is down regulated according to the kinetic of HT-29 cell differentiation. By performing functional assays,we found that Ucn3-induced CRF2 signaling alters both para-and trans-cellular permeability of differentiated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells. These effects are partly mediated by Ucn3-induced morphological changes associated with the disruption of mature AJ in HT-29 cells and tight junctions(TJ) in Caco-2 cells. Ucn3-mediated activation of CRF2 decreases m RNA and protein expression levels of KLF4 a transcription factor involved in IEC differentiation. This signaling is correlated to a down-regulation of key IEC markers such as DPPIV and AP,at both transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that CRF2 signaling could modulate IEC differentiation. These mechanisms could be relevant to the stress induced epithelial alterations found in inflammatory bowel diseases.
