Sublimated Colonialism： The Persistence of Actually Existing Settler-Colonialism

In my paper, “Sublimated Colonialism： The Persistence of Actually Existing Settler-Colonialism,” I interrogate the remaining settler-colonialisms that refused to disappear during the epoch of decolonization. I am most concerned with those settler-colonialisms that persist at the centers of world capitalism, and examine bow this social context often produces an ideology that relegates the concrete reality of settler-colonialism to the past, pushing its existence under supposedly “modem” social relations. Since Frantz Fanon＇s analysis of settler-colonialism, and the class contradiction between colonizer and colonized, was developed in an era where settler-colonialism was partially defined by the relationship between motherland and colony, some often imagine that the era of settler-colonialism is over. Clearly settler-colonialism did not vanish along with this distinction; internal colonies are retained in North America, for example, and the state of Israel is perhaps the most recent historical of this type of colonialism since it was settled and established in the 20th century. Moreover, there is often talk of a “world-wide indigenous movement” which claims to represent a global anti-colonialist front. The point of my paper, therefore, is to examine how settler-colonialism functions and persists when the settler-colony has become synonymous with the motherland. In this social context, colonizers often imagine themselves as the native inhabitants, while those who remain colonized are pushed even further out of history than they were during the previous era of settler-colonialism.

The Actualization of Post-colonialism in Movies

The post-colonialism is a theory proposed by the eastern colonial academist Edward W. Said. With the understanding and the definition of post-colonialism, the paper is to analyze phenomena of the movie 2012 and Avatar from several aspects. Firstly, the ＂other＂ is the first angle to be talked about. In the Westerners＇ perspective, they are the center of the world, and they dominate the world. Their rules are the accepted rules, and people of different origin or different cultures are all called ＂other＂. Secondly, it is the degeneration of eastern culture. In the complex of the degeneration of the culture, the demonization of the under-developed nations, the dominant language of English in the communication with the people around, feminization of the characters in the movies, and the updated colonialism of the colonized countries are to be mentioned.

Conrad's growing criticism of British colonialism in Youth volume

In Youth volume,Conrad shows his growing criticism of British colonialism.But because of his special favor to Britain,his disaffection with British colonialism is implicit,which is presented by a western voice in Youth,Kurtz’s non-pure British heritage in Heart of Darkness,and Whalley’s pure English seaman in The End of the Tether.

Iodine deficiency and women’s health: Colonialism’s malign effect on health in Oromia region, in Ethiopia

Objectives: Iodine is an essential nutrient needed for the synthesis of hormone thyroxin. Hormone thyroxin is involved in the metabolism of several nutrients, the regulation of enzymes and differentiation of cells, tissues and organs. Iodine deficiency (ID) impairs the development of the brain and nervous system. It affects cognitive capacity, educability, productivity and child mortality. ID hinders physical strength and causes reproductive failure. The objective of this paper is to explore if the health impacts of ID are more common and severe among women. Design: Using primary data (notes from a visit) and secondary data, this paper examines if the effects of ID are more common and severe among Oromo women inEthiopia. Findings: The health impacts of ID are more common and severe among women. Conclusions: ID is an easily preventable nutritional problem. In Oromia, the persistence of ID is explained by the Ethiopian government’s colonial social policies. Preventing ID should be seen as part of the efforts we make to enhance capacity building, promote health, gender equity and social justice. Implications: Iodine deficiency has a wide range of biological, social, economic and cultural impacts. Preventing ID can be instrumental in bringing about gender equity and building the capacity of people.

Criticism of Colonialism and the Colonial Memory Work in Germany

Colonialism is an ideological system that was not only contrary to traditional African law(family law,popular law,etc.),but was also incompatible with the dignity of man.Colonial tyranny in Africa began with the political implementation of the decisions adopted at the Berlin Conference of 1884/85,its essential principles of international law being the inviolability and the purity of colonial borders.Thus the European colonial powers managed to avoid wars of aggression and prevent uprisings by African people.Since the dominant theories of colonialism were Eurocentric,they could scarcely contribute to adequately investigating the nature of colonialism,let alone adequately describing its dimension in Africa.Instead of examining the shades of the colonial system from different cultural perspectives to inform people objectively,Eurocentric theories prevented any attempt at truth about colonial injustice.Unfortunately,some Europeans still tend to endorse the colonial injustice system in Africa with cheap and cynical Downplaying terms.The fact that colonial policy has a long history,however,in no way indicates that it should necessarily be accepted or legitimized.On the contrary,since its inception colonialism met with violent and intellectual opposition until African countries attained national sovereignty and territorial integrity.This article demonstrates the significance colonialism has in Africans’intellectual discourse and shows how the colonial question is discussed in Germany.

Multinationals＇ Environmental Colonialism： A Case Study of Apple Inc. and China＇s Countermeasures

Multinational firms such as Apple Inc. have accomplished environmental colonialism in China through the transfer of ecological costs to the local environment. This paper discusses ambiguities in China＇s environmental legislation and supervision, Apple＇s business model, and ＂green washing. ＂ Further, we have identified countermeasures such as the encouraging Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations （ENGOs）, streamlining litigation procedures, increasing fines, and the development of nonprofit media organizations.

Voice and Heart of Darkness:Centrality and Discourse in Colonialism

My essay on Heart of Darkness explores Conrad’s dramatization of the voice and heart dynamic in the novella as a penetration of the deep-lying rationale of colonial operation and more generally the human condition at the turn of the 20th century.Three different forms of assumed centrality in the novella-capital,Eurocentrism,and the African interior as detrimental void symbolized by the heart of darkness form concentric circles that interconnect and work in concert as the core colonial ideology and produce a sense of incongruity and absurdity.The voice of this colonial ideological apparatus disguised as the universal subject of humanity and rationality finds its best expression in the eloquence of Kurtz,the specimen of culture seduced by its very opposite-the wilderness-right in the heart of darkness.“The horror”,as his final verdict of life as a European with real intent of living on his own terms at the turn of the 20th century,sums up the predicament of a civilization with too much culture and self-absorption for its own good.

An Analysis of the Colonialism in The Old Chief Mshlanga from the Perspective of Narratology

Doris Lessing is one of the most influential writers in English. The colonialism, one of her most concerned topics, is often revealed in many of her early works and so is in The Old Chief Mshlanga. In this story, Lessing first employs a third-person narrator and then a first-person narrator, both of whom adopt the narrative perspective from the protagonist within the story.What the two different person-narrators really differ is in the narrative voice. The narrative voice of the third-person narrator comes from the narrator outside the story, while the other one comes from the protagonist within the story. It is by means of the same perspective and the different narrative voice that Lessing vividly reveals the colonialism in The Old Chief Mshlanga.

Early Urban Planning of Harbin(1898-1917) by Russia: Impact of Colonialism and the Railway Economy on Emerging Cities in Modern Times

Harbin, a typical emerging colonial city in modern times, has drawn worldwide attention due to its quick transformation from a fishing village to a modern globalized metropolis. With Harbin and its urban planning from 1898 to 1917 as the subject of study from the perspective of planning historiography, this paper probes into the driving force behind Harbin's early modern urban development, historical phasing and characteristics of its urban planning, as well as evolution of planning and construction activities during this period. The findings reveal that Harbin's urban planning and construction activities were closely linked to Russia's political and economic interests and also reflected the political game between the powers led by Japan and Russia in the Manchurian region.

European Colonialism and the Berlin Debate about the New World:Cornelius de Pauw,Frederick the Great and the Taste of Conquest

After Cornelius de Pauw,one of the most eminent representatives of the European Enlightenment,had published the second volume of his Recherches philosophiques sur les Américains,which in many ways was even more provocative than the first,a violent debate arose in Berlin,spreading quickly to a number of European countries and especially overseas.There is good reason to identify the first phase of this dispute as the Berlin Debate about the New World,especially when considering that Brandenburg and Prussia had been active colonists and had attempted to secure their share in the European move towards expansion.Was it a coincidence that,in 1769,of all places,this debate entered the heated phase of international dispute about the New World in the Prussian capital,which—after all—was a tranquil and idyllic spot compared to Paris,Amsterdam,or London?Certainly,as King of Prussia,Frederick II was the type of leader who made it clear that he was planning to write new music for the symphony of great political powers.From the beginning,the Prussian King was aware of the far-ranging political dimensions of his most-famous operatic project Montezuma.As he told Francesco Algarotti as early as October 1753,he was aiming to send a precise and memorable political message.Is it possible to understand the libretto from Frederick’s royal hands,the performance of“his”opera with Carl Heinrich Graun’s music,Giuseppe Galli Bibiena’s stage architecture,Giovanna Astrua’s arias,and hundreds of other people involved as a prelude to the Berlin Debate about the New World,which had led to heated discussion in the worldwide République des Lettres since the late 1760s?

Beyond postcolonialism： New directions for the history of nonwestern architecture

Overturning assumptions that nonwestern architecture has been static over time, new scholar- ship focused on colonial and postcolonial architecture and urbanism and on nonwestern modernism has made a significant contnbution to our understanding of the history of architecture. Much more, however, remains to be done. Comparative studies of colonialism, especially between empires, attention to innovation outside Europe and the English-speaking world and more consideration of memory and migration are among the most exciting possible new directions.

A Hierarchy of Geographies： A Skinnerian Model of Indochina＇s Overseas Chinese Congregations and Their Influence on French Colonialism

In Indochina, overseas Chinese were organized by dialect group into associations called congregations, which shared many of the functions of huiguan in China. The spread of overseas Chinese economic and social networks followed a Skinnerian model in which large urban congrggations wielded more political and economic authority than did smaller, rural congr@ations. By examining the impacts of French colonialism upon overseas Chinese networks within Indochina and upon overseas connections with their Chinese native places, this paper proposes that the Skinnerian model of local-system hierarchy fits quite comfortably when applied to the world of French colonial Indochina and its overseas Chinese. Furthermore, it argues that French colonialism actually reinforced the Skinnerian hierarchy of politics and markets in ways that endured long after the collapse of Imperial China.

Effects of aeration induced turbulence on colonial morphology and microcystin release of the bloom-forming cyanoabcterium Microcystis

Aeration induced turbulence was considered as an important measure to control the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in many lakes.Different aeration intensities were set for the culture of Microcystis aeruginosa based on the formation of Microcystis colony at high iron concentrations.The turbulent dissipation rate was calculated using a computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model to evaluate the intensity of turbulence.The effects of turbulence on the formation of Microcystis colony and the release of microcystin were analyzed.Results show that turbulence produced by aeration promoted the growth of Microcystis compared to that in stagnant water.Low intensity turbulence(4×10^(-8)-1×10^(-7) m2/s3)promoted the formation of Microcystis colonies,but high intensity turbulence(1.28×10^(-6)-1.8×10^(-5) m^(2)/s^(3))did not.The increase in the number of cells per colony was slower than that in total biomass,indicating that the low intensity turbulence induced colony formation via cell division,while the high level turbulence disaggregated colonies formed by both cell division and cell adhesion.Low aeration intensity induced more production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and malondialdehyde(MDA)in the cells of Microcystis than those in high aeration intensity.In addition,the content of microcystin(MC)-LR in the cells was positively correlated with turbulence intensity,showing that turbulence affected not only the growth and aggregation of Microcystis colonies but also their toxin production.These findings provide a better understanding of the cyanobacterial bloom formation mechanisms and help to propose feasible methods to prevent the formation of Microcystis colonies in a natural environment.

Plant allelochemicals inhibit the growth and colony formation of Microcystis

Genus Microcystis is the most common dominant species of bloom-forming cyanobacteria.Growth and colony formation are critical processes for the occurrence of Microcystis blooms.To identify allelochemicals that can inhibit the growth and colony formation of Microcystis,Microcystis aeruginosa was cultivated and treated with various concentrations of gramine,catechol,berberine,and sanguinarine in laboratory.Results indicate that the growth,colony formation,and extracellular polysaccharides(EPS)content of Microcystis were significantly inhibited when treated with gramine,catechol,and berberine in appropriate concentrations at high iron level(6.8 mg/L).Microcystis growth was inhibited and colony formation and EPS content were promoted when treated with sanguinarine at high iron level.These findings suggest that cyanobacterial blooms can be controlled by regulating the input of gramine,catechol,and berberine.Furthermore,this study revealed that plant allelochemicals could affect the growth and morphology of algae in aquatic ecological restoration,which may be potentially important for improving water quality.

Path Planning for AUVs Based on Improved APF-AC Algorithm

With the increase in ocean exploration activities and underwater development,the autonomous underwater vehicle(AUV)has been widely used as a type of underwater automation equipment in the detection of underwater environments.However,nowadays AUVs generally have drawbacks such as weak endurance,low intelligence,and poor detection ability.The research and implementation of path-planning methods are the premise of AUVs to achieve actual tasks.To improve the underwater operation ability of the AUV,this paper studies the typical problems of path-planning for the ant colony algorithm and the artificial potential field algorithm.In response to the limitations of a single algorithm,an optimization scheme is proposed to improve the artificial potential field ant colony(APF-AC)algorithm.Compared with traditional ant colony and comparative algorithms,the APF-AC reduced the path length by 1.57%and 0.63%(in the simple environment),8.92%and 3.46%(in the complex environment).The iteration time has been reduced by approximately 28.48%and 18.05%(in the simple environment),18.53%and 9.24%(in the complex environment).Finally,the improved APF-AC algorithm has been validated on the AUV platform,and the experiment is consistent with the simulation.Improved APF-AC algorithm can effectively reduce the underwater operation time and overall power consumption of the AUV,and shows a higher safety.

Planning of a Single Flow Channel in Valve Blocks Based on Additive Manufacturing and the Ant Colony Algorithm

As electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)technology advances towards lightweight and integration,the demand for enhanced internal flow pathways in hydraulic valve blocks intensifies.However,owing to the constraints imposed by traditional manufacturing processes,conventional hydraulic integrated valve blocks fail to satisfy the demands of a more compact channel layout and lower energy dissipation.Notably,the subjectivity in the arrangement of internal passages results in a time-consuming and labor-intensive process.This study employed additive manufacturing technology and the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves for the meticulous design of internal passages within an aviation EHA valve block.The layout environment for the valve block passages was established,and path optimization was achieved using the ant colony algorithm,complemented by smoothing using B-spline curves.Three-dimensional modeling was performed using SolidWorks software,revealing a 10.03%reduction in volume for the optimized passages compared with the original passages.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were performed using Fluent software,demonstrating that the algorithmically optimized passages effectively prevented the occurrence of vortices at right-angled locations,exhibited superior flow characteristics,and concurrently reduced pressure losses by 34.09%-36.36%.The small discrepancy between the experimental and simulation results validated the efficacy of the ant colony algorithm and B-spline curves in optimizing the passage design,offering a viable solution for channel design in additive manufacturing.

Improved artificial bee colony algorithm for pressure source parameter inversion of Sakurajima volcano from InSAR data

A novel artificial bee colony algorithm was introduced for the eruption event of the Sakurajima volcano on August 9,2020,to invert the magma source characteristics below the volcano based on the point source Mogi model.Considering that the Sakurajima volcano is surrounded by sea,all the deformation data are used to obtain the location and magma eruption volume of the volcano.In response to the weak local search capability of the artificial swarm algorithm,the difference between the global optimal individual and the un-roulette screened individual is introduced as the variance component in the onlooker stage.Detailed simulation experiments verify the improvement of the algorithm in terms of convergence speed.In real experiments,the Sakurajima volcano inversion shows closer fitting results and smaller residuals compared to the existing literature.Meanwhile,the convergence speed of the algorithm echoes with the simulation experiments.

An Improved Image Steganography Security and Capacity Using Ant Colony Algorithm Optimization

This advanced paper presents a new approach to improving image steganography using the Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)algorithm.Image steganography,a technique of embedding hidden information in digital photographs,should ideally achieve the dual purposes of maximum data hiding and maintenance of the integrity of the cover media so that it is least suspect.The contemporary methods of steganography are at best a compromise between these two.In this paper,we present our approach,entitled Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)-Least Significant Bit(LSB),which attempts to optimize the capacity in steganographic embedding.The approach makes use of a grayscale cover image to hide the confidential data with an additional bit pair per byte,both for integrity verification and the file checksumof the secret data.This approach encodes confidential information into four pairs of bits and embeds it within uncompressed grayscale images.The ACO algorithm uses adaptive exploration to select some pixels,maximizing the capacity of data embedding whileminimizing the degradation of visual quality.Pheromone evaporation is introduced through iterations to avoid stagnation in solution refinement.The levels of pheromone are modified to reinforce successful pixel choices.Experimental results obtained through the ACO-LSB method reveal that it clearly improves image steganography capabilities by providing an increase of up to 30%in the embedding capacity compared with traditional approaches;the average Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR)is 40.5 dB with a Structural Index Similarity(SSIM)of 0.98.The approach also demonstrates very high resistance to detection,cutting down the rate by 20%.Implemented in MATLAB R2023a,the model was tested against one thousand publicly available grayscale images,thus providing robust evidence of its effectiveness.

A Prognostic Model Based on Colony Stimulating Factors-related Genes in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the breast cancer subtype with the worst prognosis,and lacks effective therapeutic targets.Colony stimulating factors(CSFs)are cytokines that can regulate the production of blood cells and stimulate the growth and development of immune cells,playing an important role in the malignant progression of TNBC.This article aims to construct a novel prognostic model based on the expression of colony stimulating factors-related genes(CRGs),and analyze the sensitivity of TNBC patients to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Methods We downloaded CRGs from public databases and screened for differentially expressed CRGs between normal and TNBC tissues in the TCGA-BRCA database.Through LASSO Cox regression analysis,we constructed a prognostic model and stratified TNBC patients into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the colony stimulating factors-related genes risk score(CRRS).We further analyzed the correlation between CRRS and patient prognosis,clinical features,tumor microenvironment(TME)in both high-risk and low-risk groups,and evaluated the relationship between CRRS and sensitivity to immunotherapy and drug therapy.Results We identified 842 differentially expressed CRGs in breast cancer tissues of TNBC patients and selected 13 CRGs for constructing the prognostic model.Kaplan-Meier survival curves,time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves,and other analyses confirmed that TNBC patients with high CRRS had shorter overall survival,and the predictive ability of CRRS prognostic model was further validated using the GEO dataset.Nomogram combining clinical features confirmed that CRRS was an independent factor for the prognosis of TNBC patients.Moreover,patients in the high-risk group had lower levels of immune infiltration in the TME and were sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil,ipatasertib,and paclitaxel.Conclusion We have developed a CRRS-based prognostic model composed of 13 differentially expressed CRGs,which may serve as a useful tool for predicting the prognosis of TNBC patients and guiding clinical treatment.Moreover,the key genes within this model may represent potential molecular targets for future therapies of TNBC.

Dynamical Artificial Bee Colony for Energy-Efficient Unrelated Parallel Machine Scheduling with Additional Resources and Maintenance

Unrelated parallel machine scheduling problem(UPMSP)is a typical scheduling one and UPMSP with various reallife constraints such as additional resources has been widely studied;however,UPMSP with additional resources,maintenance,and energy-related objectives is seldom investigated.The Artificial Bee Colony(ABC)algorithm has been successfully applied to various production scheduling problems and demonstrates potential search advantages in solving UPMSP with additional resources,among other factors.In this study,an energy-efficient UPMSP with additional resources and maintenance is considered.A dynamical artificial bee colony(DABC)algorithm is presented to minimize makespan and total energy consumption simultaneously.Three heuristics are applied to produce the initial population.Employed bee swarm and onlooker bee swarm are constructed.Computing resources are shifted from the dominated solutions to non-dominated solutions in each swarm when the given condition is met.Dynamical employed bee phase is implemented by computing resource shifting and solution migration.Computing resource shifting and feedback are used to construct dynamical onlooker bee phase.Computational experiments are conducted on 300 instances from the literature and three comparative algorithms and ABC are compared after parameter settings of all algorithms are given.The computational results demonstrate that the new strategies of DABC are effective and that DABC has promising advantages in solving the considered UPMSP.