Use of Component Integration Services in Multidatabase Systems: A Feasible Solution for Integrating Academic Institutions or Commercial Industries

The book chapter is an extended version of the research paper entitled “Use of Component Integration Services in Multidatabase Systems”, which is presented and published by the 13th ISITA, the National Conference of Recent Trends in Mathematical and Computer Sciences, T.M.B. University, Bhagalpur, India, January 3-4, 2015. Information is widely distributed across many remote, distributed, and autonomous databases (local component databases) in heterogeneous formats. The integration of heterogeneous remote databases is a difficult task, and it has already been addressed by several projects to certain extents. In this chapter, we have discussed how to integrate heterogeneous distributed local relational databases because of their simplicity, excellent security, performance, power, flexibility, data independence, support for new hardware technologies, and spread across the globe. We have also discussed how to constitute a global conceptual schema in the multidatabase system using Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise’s Component Integration Services (CIS) and OmniConnect. This is feasible for higher education institutions and commercial industries as well. Considering the higher educational institutions, the CIS will improve IT integration for educational institutions with their subsidiaries or with other institutions within the country and abroad in terms of educational management, teaching, learning, and research, including promoting international students’ academic integration, collaboration, and governance. This will prove an innovative strategy to support the modernization and large expansion of academic institutions. This will be considered IT-institutional alignment within a higher education context. This will also support achieving one of the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations: “Goal 4: ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning”. However, the process of IT integration into higher educational institutions must be thoroughly evaluated, identifying the vital data access points. In this chapter, Section 1 provides an introduction, including the evolution of various database systems, data models, and the emergence of multidatabase systems and their importance. Section 2 discusses component integration services (CIS), OmniConnect and considering heterogeneous relational distributed local databases from the perspective of academics, Section 3 discusses the Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE), Section 4 discusses the role of component integration services and OmniConnect of Sybase ASE under the Multidatabase System, Section 5 shows the database architectural framework, Section 6 provides an implementation overview of the global conceptual schema in the multidatabase system, Section 7 discusses query processing in the CIS, and finally, Section 8 concludes the chapter. The chapter will help our students a lot, as we have discussed well the evolution of databases and data models and the emergence of multidatabases. Since some additional useful information is cited, the source of information for each citation is properly mentioned in the references column.

Economic Assessment of Standby Diesel Generator for Peak Reduction in Commercial and Industrial Buildings:A Case Study in Malaysia

This paper outlines the barriers and potential benefits of using standby diesel generators in mitigating the peak demands for commercial and industrial customers. The feasibility of utilizing the standby diesel generators to reduce the electricity bills for customers is carried out by using the hybrid optimization model for electric renewable(HOMER)software. The size of the standby diesel generator and its operational duration are determined based on the lowest cost of electricity obtained from the evaluations. The economic assessments demonstrate that there is potential to reduce the electricity bills for commercial and industrial customers under the existing fuel price and tariffs. The commercial customers under the tariff C2 have the highest potential to save their electricity bills with the use of standby diesel generators for peak reduction. This study demonstrates the potential of the standby diesel generators in peak reduction.

构建中国航天器物权法律制度的功能考察与立法研究

A legal regime for property rights of spacecraft in China is of great significance for expanding new-types of international collaboration and promoting commercial space development in China.China has so far yet to establish the relevant legal regime that governs the property rights of spacecraft,this has therefore resulted in the lack of rule and fundamental law with respect to domestic commercial space development and international space collaboration.In contrast,under legislation,the legal regime of property right registration for commercial spacecraft was introduced by Congress in the United States of America(the U.S.A.)in 1984.This effectively promoted the commercial space development in the U.S.A.Similarly,the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(effective as from January 1,2021)has specified a legal regime of property right registration for aircraft and ships thereby having effectuated the flourishing development of China’s aviation and maritime industries.Constructing a legal regime for the property rights of spacecraft in China is meant to include but not be limited to the establishment of registration regime of property rights,a distinct regime of ownership,and a registration regime for mortgage and financial leasing in connection with spacecraft.It is recommended that establishment of the registration and exchange centers for property rights of spacecraft be considered in the cities of Beijing and Shanghai.These would operate as centers managing the property right registration and transaction settlement associated with spacecraft along with their effective payloads so as to create the formation of a transaction mechanism for domestic spacecraft and their effective payload applications,thus providing a legal basis for activities such as financing,investment and transfer of ownership,involving spacecraft developed in China.This would drive China’s aerospace industry to be better integrated with the global aerospace market.Formation of a registration regime for property rights of spacecraft in China is advised to take into account a variety of legislation modus such as mandatory registration,optional registration,a mechanism taking effect as a result of registration or against a third party as a result of registration or with a coverage of certain crucial legislative aspects specifically the registration body,registration subject,registration type,validity of registration,types of right,etc.

Study on Daily Accounting Profit Feasibility of Banking Based on Data Center

By the end of 2013, Chinese large-scaled commercial banks have basically completed the construction of IT banking system, in order to provide technical guarantee of deepening business operation and operation management reform. This indicates that our national banking industry information technology has been in a new level. This paper, based on the operation principle of commercial bank safety, liquidity and profitability, makes research on improving commercial banking profit data timeliness, accuracy, integrity and realizing daily accounting profit. According to survey, the four big banks have proposed the prospect of 2013 full scope implementing daily accounting profit. Thus, this paper, based on the profit accounting status of four big banks of data center, analyzes the feasibility of daily accounting profit and puts forward the relevant solutions.

The Song Dynasty's Fiscal and Economic Policy and Its Social Economy

The fact that industrial and commercial taxation in the Song dynasty greatly exceeded agricultural taxation was unprecedented in previous dynasties.This is mainly explained by the Song government’s financial and economic policy which was dominated by industrial and commercial taxation,made good use of the laws and characteristics of market relations and the commodity economy in business operations,actively stimulated consumption and was clearly utilitarian.Under this policy,the rulers,in pursuit of huge profits,used state power and mobilized various resources to implement a monopolies system and a commercial tax system,which,in turn,helped develop the commodity money economy,expanded the scale of market exchange and promoted the high degree of development of the commodity economy of the time.The financial and economic policy of the Song dynasty showed the unique advantages of the imperial state’s intervention in the economy.It was this that distinguished the Song dynasty from other dynasties in terms of the prosperity of the commodity and monetary economy.