Abdominal Grey Color Variation along an Elevation Gradient in a Lizard

Color variation among populations is thought to be either due to genetic variation or phenotype plasticity.In this study,we found that an agamid lizard,Phrynocephalus theobaldi,inhabiting elevations greater than any other reptile,displayed a significantly darker spotted marking on the central ventral abdomen in higher populations than in lower populations.The grey spotted area only occurred in elevations>4200 m,and also increased with increased elevation.The ratio of the size of the dark colored area to the degree of skin luminance/reflectance was used to test whether the lizard has a larger and darker spotted area at higher elevations.This ratio was significantly positively associated with elevation rather than substrate color.The lizard did not display sexual difference in this phenotype.Temperature had a significant influence on the brightness of central abdomen,but temperature-related plasticity of this trait was much smaller than the magnitude of the difference between higher(>4200 m)and lower populations(<4200 m).Common garden experiments showed that genetic inheritance,rather than phenotype plasticity,played a dominant role in this variation.Our research addressed the darkness of a body region that is rarely analyzed because it is shielded from direct insolation.The idea that ventral color could be related to thermoregulation is shown to be worthy of further research.

Strong Convergence of a General Iterative Algorithm for Mixed Equilibrium, Variational Inequality and Common Fixed Points Problems

The aim of this paper, is to introduce and study a general iterative algorithm concerning the new mappings which the sequences generated by our proposed scheme converge strongly to a common element of the set of solutions of a mixed equilibrium problem, the set of common fixed points of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings and the set of solutions of the variational inequality for a relaxed cocoercive mapping in a real Hilbert space. In addition, we obtain some applications by using this result. The results obtained in this paper generalize and refine some known results in the current literature.

Some Approximation in Cone Metric Space and Variational Iterative Method

In this paper, we give some new results of common fixed point theorems and coincidence point case for some iterative method. By using of variation iteration method and an effective modification of He’s variation iteration method discusses some integral and differential equations, we give out some new conclusion and more new examples.

The Application of Somaclonal Variation in Early Maturity,High Yield and High Quality Improvement in Wheat

Yield characters, maturity and grain protein content of somaclones derived both from immature embryo of cultivar 77(2)-Spring and single-cell culture of cultivar NE7742 in vitro were studied and the wide variation was found. Somaclones with maturity 8 days earlier than or the same as CK NE 7742 (high yield, early maturity and high quality), combining with high quality (grain protein content 15.5% - 18%) and high yield (the same as 7724 or higher) have been found and selected and now multiplied for 8 generations. The results of cultivar comparison trial in 1995 showed that several somaclones (the yields were significantly higher than CK DN120) could be used directly in wheat production. The studies confirmed that somaclonal variation is one of the effective ways for early maturity, high-yielding and high-quality improvement in wheat.

引燃柴油量对双燃料发动机循环变动的影响

为了降低重型高压共轨柴油机燃用LNG-柴油的燃烧循环变动,优化引燃柴油量控制,通过双燃料发动机试验台架,研究了在最大转矩转速1600r/min,功率输出为73kW工况下,随引燃柴油喷油量的增加,峰值压力、峰值压力升高率、平均指示压力循环变动的变化趋势。研究结果表明,随引燃柴油量的增加,双燃料发动机的峰值压力、峰值压力升高率和平均指示压力的循环变动趋势相同,它们的均值均增大,标准差减小,循环分布集中,循环变动系数降低。在不导致爆震燃烧的前提下,适当增大引燃柴油量,能够改善双燃料发动机的燃烧稳定性。

vbICA方法用于GNSS坐标序列共模误差提取研究

全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)坐标序列精度主要受共模误差(common mode error,CME)影响。为提高GNSS坐标序列精度,采用变分贝叶斯独立分量分析方法(variational Bayesian independent component analysis,vbICA)提取实验区20个GNSS测站坐标序列的CME,并对比分析vbICA与主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和独立分量分析(independent component analysis,ICA)的滤波性能。结果表明,vbICA滤波效果优于PCA和ICA;经vbICA滤波后,E、N、U方向坐标残差序列均方根(RMS)平均降低36.57%、31.63%、10.97%,距离相关系数平均降低60.53%、56.84%、25.80%;扣除CME后,GNSS速度场估计更加可靠和精确,可有效提高GNSS坐标序列精度,为地球动力学研究提供可靠的数据支撑。

高温后烧结普通砖砌体抗剪性能试验研究

既有砖砌体结构建筑发生火灾后,砂浆强度、砖与砂浆的粘结性能均有较为明显的下降,进而影响砌体的抗剪性能及抗震性能。为了解高温后烧结普通砖砌体抗剪性能的下降规律,制作了砌筑烧结普通砖砌体试件36个,分别开展常温、200、400℃和500℃后的剪切试验,测试不同温度环境下试件的温度场,绘制常温、200、400℃和500℃后试件剪切荷载-位移曲线。结果表明:相比于常温下烧结普通砖砌体抗剪强度,随着温度环境升高,试件的抗剪强度降低;烧结普通砖砌体试件发生剪切破坏时,变形在2mm以内,为典型的脆性破坏;在同一温度环境下,伴随烧结普通砖砌体水泥砂浆强度增大,试件的抗剪强度和峰值位移随之增大;使用同等强度水泥砂浆,伴随温度环境的升高,试件抗剪强度降低,峰值位移稍稍增加;拟合高温后烧结普通砖砌体残余抗剪强度,提出高温后烧结普通砖砌体抗剪强度计算方法,抗剪强度计算值与试验值吻合较好。

肝总动脉起源变异的MSCTA和超声表现

目的 利用MSCTA和CDFI观察肝总动脉起源变异的发生率及影像表现,为临床腹部疾病的诊治提供参考依据。方法 选取287例患者腹部MSCTA及部分CDFI影像资料,观察肝总动脉起源情况,记录相关数据并分析。结果 符合纳入标准的230例患者中肝总动脉起源变异共计15例,占总体的6.50%。肝总动脉变异分为六种类型:Ⅰ型(肝总动脉起自肠系膜上动脉)9例;Ⅱ型(肝总动脉起自腹主动脉)2例;Ⅲ型(肝总动脉、胃左动脉和脾动脉均起自腹主动脉)1例;Ⅳ型(腹腔干与肠系膜上动脉共干)1例;Ⅴ型(肝总动脉和脾动脉共干起自肠系膜上动脉,)1例;Ⅵ型(肝总动脉缺失)1例。结论 肝总动脉变异影像学表现具有特征性,MSCTA结合超声可多角度反映血管变异情况,对临床诊断有重要指导意义。

世界诗学新形态的建构与中国贡献

共同诗学与世界流通诗学是世界诗学已有的两种形态。但是,共同诗学由于自身所隐含的问题,迟迟没能建立起来,至今仍停留于设想的层面。世界流通诗学主要是西方诗学,不是真正意义上的世界诗学。因此,反思世界诗学学术史、建构世界诗学新形态确有必要。我们认为,世界诗学新形态应该是一种包含“同”且主要是由“异”构成的体系,是世界不同文化体对于文学存在空间与文学理论形态相同且主要是不同的探索的总和。在世界诗学新形态建构的过程中,中国学界拥有自己的一些优势。其以“跨文明”、以“异”为研究重点建立起来的学科理论体系——比较文学变异学,可以为中国学界多元化的比较研究提供学理支撑,进而可以为新形态的世界诗学建构提供学理保障。

VISCOSITY ITERATIVE METHODS FOR COMMON FIXED POINTS OF TWO NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS WITHOUT COMMUTATIVITY ASSUMPTION IN HILBERT SPACES

In this article, we introduce a new viscosity iterative method for two nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert spaces. We also prove, without commutativity assumption, that the iterates converge to a common fixed point of the mappings which solves some variational inequality. The results presented extend the corresponding results of Shimizu and Takahashi IT. Shimizu, W. Takahashi, Strong convergence to common fixed point of families of nonexpansive mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 211 （1997）, 71-83], and Yao and Chen [Y. Yao, R. Chert, Convergence to common fixed points of average mappings without commutativity assumption in Hilbert spaces, Nonlinear Analysis 67（2007）, 1758-1763].

Common effluent treatment plant(CETP):Reliability analysis and performance evaluation

Common effluent treatment plants(CETPs) have been installed and are in operation at numerous industrial clusters throughout India. They serve to reduce effluent treatment cost, provide better collective treatment, and reduce land cost for small-scale industrial facilities that cannot afford individual treatment plants. Optimum working conditions for treatment of effluent to be at par with discharge standards is a major mandate for any CETP. In this study, the reliability and removal efficiencies(REs) of a CETP in the industrial area of Maharashtra State in India were examined. An established methodology was adopted to determine the effectiveness of the CETP in terms of biochemical oxygen demand(BOD), chemical oxygen demand(COD), total suspended solids(TSS), and oil and grease(O&G) concentrations. The CETP's compliance with respect to design standards and its operation were studied in detail. This paper highlights the results of RE and the coefficient of determination(R2) values obtained from the CETP data, estimates the pollutants removed at the highest and lowest rates over a period of time, and highlights the reasons for problem areas along with remedial measures. It was observed that, except O&G, all the parameters(BOD, COD, and TSS)showed fluctuations in removal efficiencies and their reliabilities. This situation can be improved by releasing effluent containing hydraulic and organic loading to the CETP as per standards and optimizing treatment processes, especially primary clari-flocculators and aeration tanks, both of which are important units of any CETP.

The Common Principal Component Analyses of Multi-RCMs

Based on a 10-year simulation of six Regional Climate Models(RCMs) in phase II of the Regional Climate Model Inter-Comparison Project(RMIP) for Asia,the multivariate statistical method of common principal components(CPCs) is used to analyze and compare the spatiotemporal characteristics of temperature and precipitation simulated by multi-RCMs over China,including the mean climate states and their seasonal transition,the spatial distribution of interannual variability,and the interannual variation.CPC is an effective statistical tool for analyzing the results of different models.Compared with traditional statistical methods,CPC analyses provide a more complete statistical picture for observation and simulation results.The results of CPC analyses show that the climatological means and the characteristics of seasonal transition over China can be accurately simulated by RCMs.However,large biases exist in the interannual variation in certain years or for individual models.

箭筈豌豆种质资源苗期抗旱性综合评价

抗旱种质资源的筛选与评价是抗旱品种选育的基础。鉴定箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa)种质资源的抗旱性,确定抗旱评价指标和方法,筛选抗旱种质资源,为抗旱箭筈豌豆品种的选育提供基础材料。本研究采用苗期反复干旱法,对52份箭筈豌豆种质资源的抗旱性进行了综合评价。结果表明:干旱胁迫显著降低了箭筈豌豆的株高、地上部干鲜重、地下部干鲜重、根冠比以及根瘤数。相关分析表明,地上部干鲜重与株高显著正相关,与地下部干鲜重和根冠比显著负相关。主成分分析共提取出5个主成分,其累计贡献率达到86.33%。聚类分析结果表明,供试箭筈豌豆资源可分为高抗旱型、抗旱型、中抗型、敏感型和极度敏感型5个类别。地上部生物量和株高与箭筈豌豆抗旱性的关联度较高,它们可作为箭筈豌豆种质资源苗期抗旱性评价的重要指标。VS35、VS34、VS30和VS21的抗旱能力强,可作为抗旱品种选育的亲本材料。而VS16、VS28、VS27和VS46的抗旱能力较差,但可作为箭筈豌豆抗旱机理、调控机制等方面研究的基础材料。

乡村产业高质量发展与共同富裕的耦合协调测度与时空特征分析

文章基于2011—2020年我国省级面板数据,采用熵值法测算乡村产业高质量发展与共同富裕综合指数,运用耦合协调度模型和莫兰指数分析二者协调发展水平的时序变化和空间效应。结果显示:我国乡村产业高质量发展与共同富裕耦合协调水平呈上升态势,多数省份处于初级协调阶段,在区域差异上呈现“东高西低”的阶梯式分布。从莫兰指数来看,耦合协调度水平呈现显著的空间正相关性,东、中、西部地区的空间集聚效应随着时间的推移有所减弱。

Implementation of Rapid Code Transformation Process Using Deep Learning Approaches

Our previous work has introduced the newly generated program using the code transformation model GPT-2,verifying the generated programming codes through simhash(SH)and longest common subsequence(LCS)algo-rithms.However,the entire code transformation process has encountered a time-consuming problem.Therefore,the objective of this study is to speed up the code transformation process signi􀀀cantly.This paper has proposed deep learning approaches for modifying SH using a variational simhash(VSH)algorithm and replacing LCS with a piecewise longest common subsequence(PLCS)algorithm to faster the veri􀀀cation process in the test phase.Besides the code transformation model GPT-2,this study has also introduced MicrosoMASS and Facebook BART for a comparative analysis of their performance.Meanwhile,the explainable AI technique using local interpretable model-agnostic explanations(LIME)can also interpret the decision-making ofAImodels.The experimental results show that VSH can reduce the number of quali􀀀ed programs by 22.11%,and PLCS can reduce the execution time of selected pocket programs by 32.39%.As a result,the proposed approaches can signi􀀀cantly speed up the entire code transformation process by 1.38 times on average compared with our previous work.

中国软质小麦品种戊聚糖含量的遗传变异及其与饼干加工品质的关系

戊聚糖是影响小麦营养和加工品质的重要因素.将17份软质小麦品种进行了两年多点试验,分析了水溶性戊聚糖、非水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量的遗传变异和基因型、环境及其互作对其影响;同时研究了3种戊聚糖含量与其它品质性状的关系.结果表明,中国软质小麦品种3种戊聚糖含量均存在显著差异,水溶性戊聚糖、非水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量的变异范围分别为0.54%～1.07%、0.87%～1.43%和1.51%～2.47%.基因型和环境对3种戊聚糖含量的影响均达1%显著水平,且基因型是影响水溶性戊聚糖含量的主要因素;基因型和环境互作对其影响未达显著水平.3种戊聚糖含量与粉质仪吸水率呈5%显著正相关,r值分别为0.51、0.55和0.66;水溶性戊聚糖含量与峰值粘度、低谷粘度、最终粘度和峰值时间之间的相关均达1%显著水平,r值分别为-0.72、-0.72、-0.66和-0.70;水溶性戊聚糖和总戊聚糖含量与饼干直径的相关皆达1%的显著水平,相关系数分别为-0.70和-0.69.因此,在软质小麦育种中应注意选择戊聚糖含量较低的品种.

普通小麦品种多酚氧化酶活性的变异

以邻苯二酚为底物,采用全籽粒浸提分光光度法测定了200个普通小麦品种的多酚氧化酶活性,结果表明:(1)不同多酚氧化酶活性范围的品种频次分布呈偏态性,峰值倾向低多酚氧化酶活性一侧;(2)种皮颜色和胚乳质地与多酚氧化酶活性有关。红皮品种PPO活性高于100AU·min-1·g-1的占31.82%,高于200.0AU·min-1·g-1的占11.63%;白皮品种PPO活性变幅较小,主要集中在28.3AU·min-1·g-1左右,高于100AU·min-1·g-1仅占10.40%,高于200AU·min-1·g-1的占0.06%。总体上看,在平均PPO活性和具有高PPO活性的品种比例上,白皮小麦显著低于红皮小麦品种;(3)白皮粉质和半角质小麦中,PPO活性低的品种较多;(4)我国大面积种植的一些小麦品种PPO活性差异很大,黄淮麦区的很多品种PPO活性在20～50AU·min-1·g-1之间,属PPO活性较低的类型。

斑马鱼微卫星分子标记检测鲤鱼种间多态性

用6 072对斑马鱼(Danio rerio)微卫星引物对黑龙江鲤(Cyprinus carpio haematopterusTemminck et Schlegel)、荷包红鲤(Cyprinus carpiovar.wuyuanensis)和柏氏鲤(Cyprinus pellegriniTchang)进行种间遗传差异分析,共发现563个斑马鱼微卫星标记在鲤鱼种间表现出多态性。从中随机抽选25个标记,对斑马鱼和3种鲤鱼的遗传多样性进行分析,使用Phylip3.63软件按照Nei氏标准遗传距离计算种间遗传距离,再用MEGA3.0软件绘制NJ系统发生树,并进行1 000次bootstrap检验系统树。结果显示,黑龙江鲤与荷包红鲤首先聚类,然后是柏氏鲤、斑马鱼。这些具有多态性的斑马鱼微卫星标记可用于鲤鱼种间种质鉴定,同时,借用模式生物斑马鱼的丰富遗传标记资源,增加同科的鲤鱼遗传连锁图谱上遗传标记的密度,必将对鲤鱼遗传育种进入分子育种时代起到促进作用。

小麦RIL群体中GMP含量的动态累积和净遗传增量的变化规律

以普通小麦京771和Pm97034及其175个重组自交系RIL(F2∶8)后代群体为材料,研究了籽粒灌浆期(花后12 d、17 d2、2 d、27 d和32 d)GMP含量的动态累积规律和各个时期GMP的净遗传效应。结果表明,多数RIL后代家系GMP含量的变化趋势与两亲的变化趋势相一致,呈现“低-高-低-高-高”的规律,即籽粒灌浆初期GMP的累积量较低,后逐渐升高,但在花后22 d左右又开始下降,出现一个明显的低谷期,然后逐渐上升,成熟期达到最高。不同亚基组合对GMP含量累积的影响不尽相同,(1,17+18,5+10)、(N,17+18,5+10)、(1,14+15,5+10)和(N,14+15,5+10)组合的后代家系虽然在整个籽粒灌浆期GMP含量的累积变化各不相同,但均于花后27 d到32 d迅速上升,籽粒成熟期达到最高。若从GMP最后的累积量看,这4个组合是利于GMP含量累积的组合,而5+10亚基较其他亚基对GMP的累积更为有利。不同发育阶段GMP含量条件遗传分析表明,控制GMP性状的基因在整个籽粒灌浆期都有表达,大多数后代家系该基因表达在花后17 d左右最为活跃,花后22 d左右为低谷期,各阶段基因净表达量的变化与GMP观测值的变化基本一致。

山东省普通小麦醇溶蛋白Gli-1和Gli-2位点等位基因的遗传变异

采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（A-PAGE），分析了山东省种植面积较大的37个小麦品种醇溶蛋白Gfi-1和Gli-2位点等位基因的组成特点。结果表明，山东小麦在醇溶蛋白Gfi-1（Gli-A1、Gli-B1和Gli-D1）和G2i-2（Gli-A2、Gli-B2和Gli-D2）位点存在多样性，共鉴定出58个等位基因，出现频率较高的有6个，分别为Gli-Ala（48．6％）、Gli-Bll（35．1％）、Gli-Dlk（35．1％）、Gli-A2b（35．1％）、Gli-B2g（35．1％）和Gli-D2a（29．7％），其中Gli-Bll出现频率较高，表明1BL／1RS易位系在山东小麦中存在比较普遍。醇溶蛋白6个主要位点的遗传变异系数较高，平均为0．7930，变幅为0．7297—0．8269，其中Gli-D2位点遗传多样性最高，Gli-A1最低。对具有优质醇溶蛋白等位基因Gli-B1b或Gli-A2b的品种进行了高分子量谷蛋白亚基的组成分析，表明烟农15、烟优361、山农98-1和山农93-52同时含有优质谷蛋白5＋10亚基，在小麦育种中可利用这些优质亚基基因。