Early Intervention Facilitates Neuropsychological Development in Children with Autism and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Objective:This study aims to investigate the impact of early intervention on neuropsychological development in children with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),providing effective intervention strategies for clinical practice.Methods:A total of 130 children with autism and ADHD who visited the hospital between June 2023 and June 2024 were selected as study subjects and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group,with 65 children in each group.The intervention group received a one-year early comprehensive intervention,including behavioral therapy,cognitive training,and family guidance,while the control group only received routine medical care.The neuropsychological development assessment scale was used to evaluate both groups before and after the intervention to compare changes in their neuropsychological development levels.Results:Children in the intervention group showed significant improvements in cognitive function,social skills,language ability,and attention concentration,with an average improvement score of 23.5 points.Children in the control group did not show significant improvements in these areas,with an average improvement score of only 5.8 points.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Early comprehensive intervention has a significant promoting effect on the neuropsychological development of children with autism and ADHD.Targeted behavioral therapy,cognitive training,and family guidance can effectively enhance children’s cognitive,social,language,and attention abilities,laying a solid foundation for their future overall development.Therefore,it is recommended to actively promote and apply early intervention strategies in clinical practice.

Multiple Choice Reading Comprehension Tests and English as a Foreign Language （EFL） Learners Answering Strategies

As far as we are concemed, one of the elements of assessing EFL/ESL （English as a Foreign Language/English as a Second Language） learners＇ language proficiency in institutions and universities in our country ＂lran＂ are multiple-choice reading comprehension tests. We also know that, it comprises one major section of the standard and TOEFL （Test of English as a Foreign Language） tests. Taking into account its importance and the problems which EFL learners have answered them, I get motivated to uncover some of the test-taking strategies which they employ to answer multiple-choice reading comprehension questions when dealing with familiar versus unfamiliar topics. To get a better conclusion, I choose 20 advanced male and female candidates whose English proficiency is at an acceptable level and at least at the same age level, and they major in English language from different colleges and universities. They are given two reading comprehension passages （familiar and unfamiliar）, each one with five final questions and allotted time to answer the questions. Two main instruments in this study are a retrospective think-aloud protocol and a semi-structured interview. The results of the reading comprehension tests and interview part revealed that advanced learners＇ high scores in the familiar topic were not because of their strategy use but because of their high linguistic and background knowledge on the topic. I also concluded that the number, kind, and sequence of strategies employed, were greatly dependent on the degree of testees＇ familiarity on the topic. In other words, test-takers used more strategies to compensate for their lack of linguistic knowledge.

An Empirical Study of Listening Comprehension Strategies in Autonomous Learning Environment

This is a report on an empirical study of listening comprehension strategies in autonomous learning environment which was conducted among the second-year non-English majors in Shandong University （Weihai） on the basis of O＇Malley and Chamot＇s theory of learning strategies, dating from September, 2010 to January, 2011. The study aims to verify the teachability of listening comprehension strategies, the enhancement of students＇ awareness of applying these strategies in their listening comprehension pratice and positive effects of listening comprehension strategies cast on students＇ listening comprehension proficiency. Questionnares on listening comprehension strategies were conducted at the beginning and at the end of the research respectively, in addition to the listening comprehension strategies training from the beginning to the end of the research. Besides, there was a interview arranged in the middle of the research. Meanwhile, there were two listening comprehension proficiency tests arranged at the beginning and at the end of the research. According to the results, it can be indicated that the students＇ strategy awareness can be promoted, while their listening proficiency also can be improved by the listening comprehension strategy training.

Concerted Practice of the Four–Pronged Comprehensive Strategy Together with the “Five Development Concepts”

The practice of adhering to and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics requires the concerted practice of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy together with the five major development concepts.First,the implementation of the five major development concepts can be deemed as the precursor to the country's goal of building a moderately prosperous society.To this end,we shall innovatively tackle the developmental problems,coordinate social and economical development,leverage sound economic growth and resource exploitation,and practice open development strategies for the goal of creating prosperity for the entire population of China.Also,with the five major development concepts as a prerequisite for deepening reform,new measures shall be taken to creatively solve specific reform issues.Coordination shall be considered to keep all measures in one system and entity.We shall take green development concept to remove all the obstacles on our path to reform,and take opening-up concept to keep transparent and impartial reform atmosphere and sharing concept to ensure the beneficial policies and projects for the well being of all people.Moreover,implementing the five major development concepts as the foundation for law-based governance of China,innovation shall be made to develop a complete,standardized legal system,and coordination shall be developed for the legal guarantee of concerted and upgraded national hard and soft power.We shall take the green development concept for an equal legal environment,the opening-up concept to build law-based awareness for the whole society,and the sharing concept to benefit all people with fairness and righteousness in every judicial case.The five major development concepts shall be the cornerstone for strengthening Party self-discipline,by which we shall innovatively enhance Party leadership,coordinately build the Party and the Party's leading role,build a sound,orderly and vigorous political structure within the Party with green development concept.

ZTE Solidifies 3G Strategy with the Launch of a Comprehensive Array of 3G Devices

ZTE Corporation, a leading global provider of telecommunications equipment and network solutions, unveiled its 3G strategy to make life "easier, freer and trendier" for consumers by combining Telecom and IT with 3G

A Shifting Strategy for Electric Commercial Vehicles Considering Mass and Gradient Estimation

The extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm and acceleration sensor measurements were used to identify vehiclemass and road gradient in the work. Four different states of fixed mass, variable mass, fixed slope and variableslope were set to simulate real-time working conditions, respectively. A comprehensive electric commercial vehicleshifting strategy was formulated according to the identification results. The co-simulation results showed that,compared with the recursive least square (RLS) algorithm, the proposed algorithm could identify the real-timevehicle mass and road gradient quickly and accurately. The comprehensive shifting strategy formulated had thefollowing advantages, e.g., avoiding frequent shifting of vehicles up the hill, making full use ofmotor braking downthe hill, and improving the overall performance of vehicles.

The Effect of a Proposed Training Program Based on the Reflective Model on the Teachers＇ Reading Practices in Mafraq

This study aimed at investigating the effect of a proposed EFL （English as a Foreign Language） training program on the teachers＇ reading practices in Mafraq. This program was developed by the researcher according to the ninth-grade EFL teachers＇ needs. The participants of the study were 20 ninth-grade females EFL teachers who represented the experimental and control groups （10 teachers in each group）. They were randomly chosen from 10 schools in the Northwestern Badia Directorate of Education. To achieve the purposes of the study, the researcher designed a needs analysis questionnaire, a training program, a pre and post observation checklist, and a pre and post received knowledge test for teachers. Proper statistical analysis was used to analyze the results of the research questions. The results of the study showed that teachers were in need to be trained on 20 reading comprehension practices to be able to teach reading comprehension effectively. Besides, there were statistically significant differences at the level of （a = 0.05） between the means scores of the ninth-grade teachers＇ performance of the control and experimental groups on the post observation checklist and on the post received knowledge test in favor of the experimental group due to the training program.

Graphic Organizers and Reading Comprehension Ability： Evidence From Iranian EFL University Students

The present study investigated the impact from GOs （Graphic Organizers） upon reading comprehension ability. To this end, an OPT （Oxford Placement Test） was administered to a research population （N = 354） in order to homogenize it. On the basis of the test results, the population was sorted into three groups of reading-low, reading-mid, and reading-high students. Sixty participants with the lowest level of reading comprehension proficiency were randomly selected and assigned to an EG （Experimental Group） （N = 30） and a CG （Control Group） （N = 30）. Afterwards, a TOEFL （Test of English as a Foreign Language） reading comprehension pretest was administered to both groups in order to determine their current level of reading proficiency. Then, the EG received 10 successive 90-minute sessions on GOs as post-reading strategies for expository text comprehension, while the CG received the same amount of treatment on other post-reading strategies. In the end, another TOEFL reading comprehension posttest was administered to the research groups to measure their reading comprehension performance level after the treatment. The results revealed that GOs were statistically more significant and effective for the low-skilled readers than other post-reading strategies.

Understanding L2 Learners＇ Difficulties in Listening Comprehension

This paper is prompted by a ＂strange phenomenon＂ in L2 teaching and learning as related to listening： it is regarded as ＂easy＂ by teachers, but ＂difficult＂ by students. The paper tries to analyze the difficulties encountered by the L2 learners in the process of acquiring listening skills and competence in an attempt to find out how these problems are related to classroom teaching, and their implications for pedagogical classroom practice.

THE COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES OF SET PHRASES AND THEIR VARIANTS

English set phrases are one of the nightmares confronting Chinese learners. The main check is its ambiguity, in other words, they are apt to varying interpretation. In the paper three questions are discussed: the distinctive features of set phrases, the understanding of ambiguous set phrases and their variants. Under the guidance of Cooper's (1999) heuristic model of L2 idiom comprehension, this paper studies the comprehension strategies of Set Phrases and their variants as well as explores the implications to Set Phrase teaching.

Comprehensive therapeutics targeting the corticospinal tract following spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury(SCI),which is much in the public eye,is still a refractory disease compromising the well-being of both patients and society.In spite of there being many methods dealing with the lesion,there is still a deficiency in comprehensive strategies covering all facets of this damage.Further,we should also mention the structure called the corticospinal tract(CST)which plays a crucial role in the motor responses of organisms,and it will be the focal point of our attention.In this review,we discuss a variety of strategies targeting different dimensions following SCI and some treatments that are especially efficacious to the CST are emphasized.Over recent decades,researchers have developed many effective tactics involving five approaches:(1)tackle more extensive regions;(2)provide a regenerative microenvironment;(3)provide a glial microenvironment;(4)transplantation;and(5)other auxiliary methods,for instance,rehabilitation training and electrical stimulation.We review the basic knowledge on this disease and correlative treatments.In addition,some well-formulated perspectives and hypotheses have been delineated.We emphasize that such a multifaceted problem needs combinatorial approaches,and we analyze some discrepancies in past studies.Finally,for the future,we present numerous brand-new latent tactics which have great promise for curbing SCI.

USING LEARNING STRATEGIES TO DEVELOP LISTENING COMPREHENSION—A CASE STUDY

By adopting the research method of case study, this article studies the learning strategies of an adult learner of English in listening comprehension. It is found that the learner can use some learning strategies but only at very elementary level. After an eight-week training course in learning strategies, the learner made noticeable progress in listening, which proves that learning strategies can be trained and contribute positively to language proficiency.

LEARNING STRATEGIES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT IN READING COMPREHENSION——A REPORT ON NON-ENGLISH MAJORS IN CHINA

This paper reports on a study of the relationship between learning strategies and reading comprehension. To establish the variables, a learning strategies’ questionnaire was administered to about 200 students in the second-year of a non-English majors degree course in a university in Changchun. Their learning achievement was established by their scores on a reading comprehension test. The relationship between learning strategies and achievement was then examined through the SPSS 8.0 statistical analysis system. It was found that cognitive strategies were the strongest predictor to reading achievement and four other variables (metacognitive strategies, social-affective strategies, reading habits and examination strategies) also demonstrated a significant relationship with reading achievement to differing degrees. Among these variables, social-affective strategies were the only negative predictor. In addition, a significant difference existed between the high-score group and the low-score group in the use of cognitive strategies, metacognitive strategies and examination strategies.