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Understanding Behavioral Manifestations of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in People with Intellectual Disabilities—A Qualitative Study
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作者 Lena Grüter Matthias Grünke 《Open Journal of Psychiatry》 2024年第2期67-90,共24页
Background: There is limited knowledge about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper describes the manifestation of compulsive behaviors associated with OCD at th... Background: There is limited knowledge about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper describes the manifestation of compulsive behaviors associated with OCD at the behavioral level in people with ID in institutionalized settings. The aim was to gain nuanced insight into appropriate understanding and classification in this specific context, and derive implications for research and practice. Methods: Individual cases of people with ID (n = 7) were studied to assess compulsive symptoms through two days of on-site observation of the person with ID within the institution, guided group discussions (n = 28), and semi-structured interviews with key informants and caregivers of the person with ID (n = 20). Caregiver ratings of the compulsive behavior checklist were compiled. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: All forms of OCD were present. Characteristics of compulsive behaviors in people with ID at the behavioral level included less complex and more obvious compulsive acts, immediate responses, signs of tension, motor restlessness, facial expression changes, repetition, need for predictability, time-consuming behaviors, and aggressive reactions when these acts were interrupted. Some of the compulsive behaviors corresponded to the ICD-11 OCD code 6B20, and others to compulsions as a psychological symptom (MB23.4). Conclusions: OCD may manifest atypically at the behavioral level in people with ID, posing significant challenges for accurate classification due to symptom ambiguity. Follow-up differential diagnostic studies are needed to more accurately identify and differentiate OCD symptoms in people with ID. Further, disorder-specific guidelines for recognizing OCD in people with ID are needed for institutionalized settings without psychiatric-psychotherapeutic expertise. 展开更多
关键词 People with Intellectual Disabilities Obsessive-compulsive Disorder compulsive Behavior DIAGNOSTICS Differential Diagnosis
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Transcranial direct current stimulation as early augmentation in adolescent obsessive compulsive disorder:A pilot proof-of-concept randomized control trial
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作者 Aditya Agrawal Vivek Agarwal +1 位作者 Sujita Kumar Kar Amit Arya 《World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics》 2024年第2期161-170,共10页
BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and adolescents.It is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in adults.AIM... BACKGROUND Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is proven to be safe in treating various neurological conditions in children and adolescents.It is also an effective method in the treatment of OCD in adults.AIM To assess the safety and efficacy of tDCS as an add-on therapy in drug-naive adolescents with OCD.METHODS We studied drug-naïve adolescents with OCD,using a Children’s Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale(CY-BOCS)scale to assess their condition.Both active and sham groups were given fluoxetine,and we applied cathode and anode over the supplementary motor area and deltoid for 20 min in 10 sessions.Reassessment occurred at 2,6,and 12 wk using CY-BOCS.RESULTS Eighteen adolescents completed the study(10-active,8-sham group).CY-BOCS scores from baseline to 12 wk reduced significantly in both groups but change at baseline to 2 wk was significant in the active group only.The mean change at 2 wk was more in the active group(11.8±7.77 vs 5.25±2.22,P=0.056).Adverse effects between the groups were comparable.CONCLUSION tDCS is safe and well tolerated for the treatment of OCD in adolescents.However,there is a need for further studies with a larger sample population to confirm the effectiveness of tDCS as early augmentation in OCD in this population. 展开更多
关键词 Adolescents Early augmentation Obsessive compulsive disorder SAFETY Transcranial direct current stimulation
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Characterization of event-related potentials in obsessive compulsive disorder patients: Comparison with depression and generalized anxiety disorder patients 被引量:5
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作者 Yingzhi Lu Wenbin Zong +4 位作者 Hanzhen Dong Faxin Wang Jinyu PU Xingshi Chen Yunxiang Tang 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第12期938-941,共4页
BACKGROUND: Study results of event-refated potential in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) remain controversial, potentially as a result of different instruments utilized and their differing technical characterist... BACKGROUND: Study results of event-refated potential in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) remain controversial, potentially as a result of different instruments utilized and their differing technical characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in several common event-related potentials, Le. contingent negative variations, P300, and mismatch negativity (MMN), in OCD patients, depression patients, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients, and healthy controls. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A case-control study was performed in the Department of Electrophysiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center from May 2002 to December 2005. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 38 OCD patients, 20 depression patients, and 18 GAD patients, who were diagnosed according to the criteria of Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (Version 3), formulated by the Chinese Psychiatry Association, were selected from the Outpatient Department of Shanghai Mental Health Center. Patients with two or more the above diseases were excluded. In addition, 28 healthy people, gender and age matched, were selected as controls. METHODS: Contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN were recorded by a Nicolet Spirit Instrument. All electrodes were attached at Cz according to the Intemationa11020 system, with the mastoid leads as reference and Fpz as ground. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Amplitude and latency of contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN. RESULTS: The contingent negative variations, P300, and MMN were different (P 〈 0.01). OCD patients showed an increased MI amplitude compared with controls, depression, and GAD patients (P 〈 0.01). Target P300 amplitudes were significantly lower in OCD, depression, and GAD patients compared with controls (P 〈 0.01). Moreover, N2 latency and latency of MMN were prolonged in OCD and depression groups compared with controls (P 〈 0.05). CONCLUSION: Event-related potentials were different in depression, GAD, and OCD patients and healthy controls. In particular, OCD patients exhibited unique characteristics. 展开更多
关键词 obsessive compulsive disorder DEPRESSION generalized anxiety disorder contingent negative variation event-related potential-P300 mismatch negativity
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Cognitive-behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder co-occurring with psychosis: Systematic review of evidence 被引量:2
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作者 Antonio Tundo Roberta Necci 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2016年第4期449-455,共7页
AIM To review available evidence on the use of cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT) for treating obsessive compulsive disorder co-occurring with psychosis.METHODS In this paper we present a detailed and comprehensive re... AIM To review available evidence on the use of cognitive behavioural therapy(CBT) for treating obsessive compulsive disorder co-occurring with psychosis.METHODS In this paper we present a detailed and comprehensive review of the current literature focusing on CBT treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD) co-occurring with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. We identified relevant literature published between 2001 and May 2016 through MEDLINE/PubM ed search using as search string("obsessive compulsive disorders" or "obsessive compulsive symptoms") and("schizophrenia" or "schizoaffective disorder" or "psychosis") and("cognitive behavioural therapy"). Other citations of interest were further identified from references reported in the accessed articles. The search was limited to studies written in English and carried out in adult patients. A total of 9 studies, 8 case reports and 1 case series, were found.RESULTS The reviewed evidence indicates that CBT is:(1) safe, i.e., does not worsen psychotic symptoms;(2) well accepted, with a discontinuation rate quite similar to that reported for patients with OCD without psychosis comorbidity;(3) effective, with a symptom reduction quite similar to that reported for patients with OCD without psychosis and for SRIs treatment of OCD cooccurring with psychosis; and(4) effective in patients with OCD induced by second-generation antipsychotic as well as in patients with OCD not induced by secondgeneration antipsychotic. Alcohol/substance use disorder comorbidity and OCD onset preceding that of SCH/SA was predictors of poor outcome. These results are derived only by additional studies with adequate sample size.CONCLUSION Our results support the use of CBT for OCD in patients with psychosis. 展开更多
关键词 OBSESSIVE compulsive DISORDER OBSESSIVE compulsive symptoms Schizophrenia SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER Cognitive behavioural therapy Secondgeneration antipsychotic CLOZAPINE
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Differential diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive symptoms from delusions in schizophrenia: A phenomenological approach 被引量:2
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作者 Panagiotis Oulis George Konstantakopoulos +1 位作者 Lefteris Lykouras Panayiota G Michalopoulou 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2013年第3期50-56,共7页
Several studies suggest increased prevalence-rates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OCS) and even of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) in patients with schizophrenic disorders. Moreover, it has been recently proposed... Several studies suggest increased prevalence-rates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms(OCS) and even of obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) in patients with schizophrenic disorders. Moreover, it has been recently proposed the existence of a distinct diagnostic subgroup of schizo-obsessive disorder. However, the further investigation of the OCS or OCD-schizophrenia diagnostic comorbidity presupposes the accurate clinical differential diagnosis of obsessions and compulsions from delusions and repetitive delusional behaviours, respectively. In turn, this could be facilitated by a careful comparative examination of the phenomenological features of typical obsessions/compulsions and delusions/repetitive delusional behaviours, respectively. Thiswas precisely the primary aim of the present investigation. Our examination included seven features of obsessions/delusions(source of origin and sense of ownership of the thought, conviction, consistency with one's belief-system, awareness of its inaccuracy, awareness of its symptomatic nature, resistance, and emotional impact) and five features of repetitive behaviours(aim of repetitive behaviours, awareness of their inappropriateness, awareness of their symptomatic nature, and their immediate effect on underlying thought, and their emotional impact). Several of these clinical features, if properly and empathically investigated, can help discriminate obsessions and compulsive rituals from delusions and delusional repetitive behaviours, respectively, in patients with schizophrenic disorders. We comment on the results of our examination as well as on those of another recent similar investigation. Moreover, we also address several still controversial issues, such as the nature of insight, the diagnostic status of poor insight in OCD, the conceptualization and differential diagnosis of compulsions from other categories of repetitive behaviours, as well as the diagnostic weight assigned to compulsions in contemporary psychiatric diagnostic systems. We stress the importance of the feature of mental reflexivity for understanding the nature of insight and the ambiguous diagnostic status of poor insight in OCD which may be either a marker of the chronicity of obsessions, or a marker of their delusionality. Furthermore, we criticize two major shortcomings of contemporary psychiatric diagnostic systems(DSM-IV, DSM-V, ICD-10) in their criteria or guidelines for the diagnosis of OCD or OCS: first, the diagnostic parity between obsessions and compulsions and, second, the inadequate conceptualization of compulsions. We argue that these shortcomings might artificially inflate the clinical prevalence of OC symptoms in the course of schizophrenic disorders. Still, contrary to a recent proposal, we do not exclude on purely a priori grounds the possibility of a concurrence of genuine obsessions along with delusions in patients with schizophrenia. 展开更多
关键词 SCHIZOPHRENIA OBSESSIVE-compulsive symptoms Obsessions compulsions DELUSIONS Clinical features PHENOMENOLOGICAL APPROACH Differential diagnosis
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A new traffic model on compulsive lane-changing caused by off-ramp 被引量:2
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作者 刘小禾 柯鸿堂 +1 位作者 郭明旻 吴正 《Chinese Physics B》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2016年第4期479-485,共7页
In the field of traffic flow studies, compulsive lane-changing refers to lane-changing (LC) behaviors due to traffic rules or bad road conditions, while free LC happens when drivers change lanes to drive on a faster... In the field of traffic flow studies, compulsive lane-changing refers to lane-changing (LC) behaviors due to traffic rules or bad road conditions, while free LC happens when drivers change lanes to drive on a faster or less crowded lane. LC studies based on differential equation models accurately reveal LC influence on traffic environment. This paper presents a second-order partial differential equation (PDE) model that simulates both compulsive LC behavior and free LC behavior, with lane-changing source terms in the continuity equation and a lane-changing viscosity term in the momentum equation. A specific form of this model focusing on a typical compulsive LC behavior, the 'off-ramp problem', is derived. Numerical simulations are given in several cases, which are consistent with real traffic phenomenon. 展开更多
关键词 traffic flow model compulsive lane-changing OFF-RAMP fluid dynamicsl numerical simulation
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Precipitation of α_2 Phase in α+β Solution-Treated and Air-cooled Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-Nd Alloys 被引量:5
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作者 Jun ZHANG and Dong LI Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China resent address: Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China E-mail: zhjun14@mailcity.com 《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2001年第3期315-317,共3页
A series of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-Nd alloys with various content of Al were solution treated in α+β phase field and air-cooled. The precipitation of a2 phase in cooling was investigated by transmission electron microsco... A series of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-Nd alloys with various content of Al were solution treated in α+β phase field and air-cooled. The precipitation of a2 phase in cooling was investigated by transmission electron microscopic analysis The precipitation characteristic of α2 phase was discussed. The precipitation of α2 phase would proceed by the nucleation and growth of α2 phase dependent on the diffusion of Al atoms. And a comparison on the difference of precipitation of α2 phase was carried out under the conditions of air-cooling and quenching in water. The investigation showed that the air-cooling and even quenching could supply enough time for the precipitation and growth of α2 phase when Al content reached a certain value even though far away from the stoichiometric composition of Ti3Al. 展开更多
关键词 Al Precipitation of Phase in Solution-Treated and air-cooled Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si-Nd Alloys Ti Mo Sn ZR ND Si
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Psychic euosmia and obsessive compulsive personality disorder 被引量:1
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作者 Massimo Pasquini Annalisa Maraone +1 位作者 Valentina Roselli Lorenzo Tarsitani 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2018年第3期105-107,共3页
Patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder(OCPD) often refer to a prompt mood improvement upon encountering good scents in general, or fresh laundry borax on their clothes, pillows or home settings. The A... Patients with obsessive compulsive personality disorder(OCPD) often refer to a prompt mood improvement upon encountering good scents in general, or fresh laundry borax on their clothes, pillows or home settings. The Authors propose the new term psychic euosmia in the mean of an overstated psychological predisposition for a real pleasant smell that elicits an immediate sense of pleasure, order and calm. The prompt reactions to a pleasant odor might be explained by the involvement of rhinencephalon and its proximity to mood-related limbic circuits, which bypass the cognitive awareness. Cleanliness may not preclude a subject to enjoy a good smell, even if we are representing smells that resemble freshness, in other words order. A potentially even more important argument is given by the continuum of personality disorders and their variability. Not all personality characteristics led to disturbed behaviors. In evolutionary perspectives having the ability to differentiate between unpleasant and pleasant odors should have made the difference in surviving. On the other hand, psychic euosmia could be considered a normal reaction, but in our clinical experience it is over-represented among OCPD subjects with marked orderliness and disgust. Therefore, detecting psychic euosmia might vicariously confirm the relevance of disgust as a cognitive driver of OCPD. Hereby we support research to characterize psychic euosmia as a feature of orderliness and cleanliness for OCPD. 展开更多
关键词 Psychic euosmia OBSESSIVE compulsive PERSONALITY disorder ORDERLINESS PLEASURE Positive EMOTION Pesonality
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Effect of Chromium on CCT Diagrams of Novel Air-Cooled Bainite Steels Analyzed by Neural Network 被引量:4
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作者 YOU Wei XU Wei-hong +2 位作者 LIU Ya-xiu BAI Bing-zhe FANG Hong-sheng 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2007年第4期39-42,共4页
The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that the c... The quantitative effects of chromium content on continuous cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams of novel air-cooled bainite steels were analyzed using artificial neural network models. The results showed that the chromium may retard the high and medium-temperature martensite transformation. 展开更多
关键词 novel air-cooled bainite steel CCT diagram artificial neural network chromium content quantitative effect
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder:Evidence-based treatments and future directions for research 被引量:4
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作者 Caleb W Lack 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2012年第6期86-90,共5页
Over the past three decades, obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) has moved from an almost untreatable,life-long psychiatric disorder to a highly manageable one. This is a very welcome change to the 1%-3% of children an... Over the past three decades, obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) has moved from an almost untreatable,life-long psychiatric disorder to a highly manageable one. This is a very welcome change to the 1%-3% of children and adults with this disorder as, thanks to advances in both pharmacological and psychological therapies, prognosis for those afflicted with OCD is quite good in the long term, even though most have comorbid disorders that are also problematic. We still have far to go, however, until OCD can be described as either easily treatable or the effective treatments are widely known about among clinicians. This review focuses on the current state of the art in treatment for OCD and where we still are coming up short in our work as a scientific community. For example, while the impact of medications is quite strong for adults in reducing OCD symptoms, current drugs are only somewhat effective for children. In addition, there are unacceptably high relapse rates across both populations when treated with pharmacological alone. Even in the cognitive-behavioral treatments, which show higher effect sizes and lower relapse rates than drug therapies, drop-out rates are at a quarter of those who begin treatment. This means a sizable portion of the OCD population who do obtain effective treatments(which appears to be only a portion of the overall population) are not effectively treated.Suggestions for future avenues of research are also presented. These are primarily focused on(1) increased dissemination of effective therapies;(2) augmentation of treatments for those with residual symptoms, both for psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy; and(3) the impact of comorbid disorders on treatment outcome. 展开更多
关键词 OBSESSIVE-compulsive DISORDER Evidencebased PSYCHOLOGICAL practice COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
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Attribution retraining group therapy for outpatients with major depression disorder,generalized anxiety disorder,and obsessive-compulsive disorder:a pilot study 被引量:7
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作者 Chun Wang Jie Zhang +2 位作者 Jijun Li Ning Zhang Yalin Zhang 《The Journal of Biomedical Research》 CAS 2011年第5期348-355,共8页
The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disord... The aim of this present study is to examine the efficacy of attribution retraining group therapy (ARGT) and to compare the responses of outpatients with major depression disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). We carried out a prospective uncontrolled intervention study with a 8-weeks of ARGT on sixty three outpatients with MDD, GAD or OCD. Hamilton rating scale for depression, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, Yale-Brown obsessive-compulsive scale, attribution style questionnaire, self-esteem scale, index of well-being, and social disability screening schedule were administered before and after treatment. Significant improvement in symptoms and psychological and social functions from pre- to posttreatment occurred for all participants. The changes favored MDD patients. Our study suggested that ARGT may improve the symptoms and psychological-social functions of MDD, GAD, and OCD patients. MDD patients showed the best response. 展开更多
关键词 attribution retraining group psychotherapy major depression disorder generalized anxiety disorder obsessive-compulsive disorder
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Anterior limb lesions in bilateral internal capsules and memory function in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder 被引量:2
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作者 Yumei Jiang Bomin Sun +3 位作者 Xiaoping Wang Weifeng Zhang Xinfeng Zhao Lassonde MO 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第12期948-953,共6页
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that lesions in the anterior limb of the internal capsule contribute to obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However... BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that lesions in the anterior limb of the internal capsule contribute to obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, few reports have addressed the effects of lesions in the anterior limb of the internal capsule on cognition, learning, and memory functions in patients with refractory OCD. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the degree of damage to memory tasks in refractory OCD patients following lesions to the anterior limb of the internal capsule. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A case-controlled, observational study was performed at the Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, China from May 2007 to March 2008. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 10 refractory OCD patients were admitted to the Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, China from May 2007 to March 2008 and were recruited for this study. The OCD patients were of equal gender, with an average age of (25.1 ± 9.6) years. An additional 10 healthy volunteers were enrolled from a community of Shanghai City as controls; they were of equal gender and aged (25.1 ± 8.6) years. METHODS: A total of 10 refractory OCD patients were subjected to lesions in the anterior limbs of the bilateral internal capsules. Wechsler Memory Scale-Chinese Revision (WMS-CR, as a task of explicit memory) and the Nissen Version (serial reaction time task) software (SRTT, as a task of implicit memory) were applied to determine memory functions and learning performance in pre- and post-operative OCD patients and controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: WMS scores, reaction time in SRTT, and Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale scores were measured in pre- and post-operative OCD patients and controls. RESULTS: Compared to controls, the pre-operative OCD patients exhibited reduced memory task scores (P = 0.005), whereas scores for reciting numbers of backwards digits were greater (P = 0.000). Figure recall and associative memory were less in OCD patients at 1 week following surgery than in the pre-operative OCD patients (P = 0.042, P = 0.002, respectively). Reaction time in implicit SRTT was significantly longer in pre-operative OCD patients compared with controls and post-operative OCD patients (P = 0.01, P = 0.03, respectively). These results suggested ameliorated SRTT following neurosurgery. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale results revealed significantly improved OCD following lesions in the internal capsule (P = 0.04). Some post-operative OCD patients suffered from deficits in short-term memory and implicit memory. CONCLUSION: Lesions in anterior limbs of bilateral internal capsules improve obsessive- compulsive symptoms and implicit memory in OCD patients, but result in aggravated short-term memory deficits. 展开更多
关键词 obsessive-compulsive disorder functional neurosurgery basal ganglia COGNITION implicit memory
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Influence of Withania somnifera on obsessive compulsive disorder in mice
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作者 Bhanu PS Kaurav Manish M Wanjari +2 位作者 Amol Chandekar Nagendra Singh Chauhan Neeraj Upmanyu 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2012年第5期380-384,共5页
Objective:To study the influence of methanolic and aqueous extract of Withania somnifera (W.somnifera) root on the marble-burying behavior of mice a well-accepted model of obsessive compulsive behavior.Methods:Mice we... Objective:To study the influence of methanolic and aqueous extract of Withania somnifera (W.somnifera) root on the marble-burying behavior of mice a well-accepted model of obsessive compulsive behavior.Methods:Mice were divided in different groups(n=6).Fluoxetine(5,10,15 mg/kg), (10,25,50,100 mg/kg) and melhanolic extract W.somnifera(MEWS)(10,25,50,100 mg/kg) were administered i.p.30 min.prior to the assessment of marble burying behavior and locomotor activity.The control group received vehicle of the extract.Results:Administration of aqueous extracts W.somnifera(AEWS) and MEWS(50 mg/kg) successively decreaesed the marble burying behavior activity without affecting motor activity.This effect of AEWS and MEWS was comparable to standard fluoxetine,ritanserin and parachlorophenylalanine.Conclusions:W.somnifera extract is effective in treating obsessive compulsive disorder. 展开更多
关键词 WITHANIA somnifera FLUOXETINE RITANSERIN Parachlorophenylalanine OBSESSIVE compulsive behavior
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Application of Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag Aggregates as Replacement of Natural Aggregates in Cement-based Materials:A Study on Water Absorption Property 被引量:1
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作者 王爱国 liu peng +3 位作者 liu kaiwei li yan zhang gaozhan 孙道胜 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2018年第2期445-451,共7页
The influence of air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates as replacement of natural aggregates on the water absorption of concrete and mortar was studied, and the mechanism was analyzed. The interface between aggregat... The influence of air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates as replacement of natural aggregates on the water absorption of concrete and mortar was studied, and the mechanism was analyzed. The interface between aggregate and matrix in concrete was analyzed by using a micro-hardness tester, a laser confocal microscope and a scanning electron microscope with backscattered electron image mode. The pore structure of mortar matrixes under different curing conditions was investigated by mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results showed that when natural aggregates were replaced with air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates in mortar or concrete, the content of the capillary pore in the mortar matrix was reduced and the interfacial structure between aggregate and matrix was improved, resulting in the lower water absorption of mortar or concrete. Compared to the concrete made with crushed limestone and natural river sand, the initial absorption coefficient, the secondary absorption coefficient and the water absorption capacity through the surface for 7 d of the concrete made from crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag and air-cooled blast furnace slag sand were reduced by 48.9%, 52.8%, and 46.5%, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregate cement-based materials water absorption coefficient interface structure
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Physical Properties of Crushed Air-cooled Blast Furnace Slag and Numerical Representation of Its Morphology Characteristics 被引量:1
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作者 王爱国 邓敏 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2012年第5期973-978,共6页
Physical properties and geometrical morphologies of crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag (SCR) and crushed limestone (LCR) were comparatively investigated. The shape, angularity, surface texture and internal pore... Physical properties and geometrical morphologies of crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag (SCR) and crushed limestone (LCR) were comparatively investigated. The shape, angularity, surface texture and internal pore structure of aggregate particles for different size and gradation were numerically represented by sphericity (ψ) and shape index (SI), angularity number (AN), index of aggregate particle shape and texture (IAPST), porosity and pore size, respectively. The results show that SCR is a porous and rough aggregate. Apparent density, void, water absorption and smashing index of SCR are obviously higher than those of LCR with the same gradation, respectively. However, bulk density of SCR is lower than that of LCR with the same gradation. SI, AN, IAPST and porosity of SCR are obviously higher than those of LCR with the same gradation, respectively. The smaller particle size of SCR, the larger of its AN, IAPST and porosity. 展开更多
关键词 crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag crushed limestone physical property morphology characteristic numerical representation
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Comparison of family functioning and social support between families with a member who has obsessive- compulsive disorder and control families in Shanghai 被引量:2
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作者 Jikun WANG Xudong ZHAO 《上海精神医学》 2012年第1期20-29,共10页
关键词 家庭成员 社会控制 上海 功能评估 精神疾病 心理干预 中国境内 同济大学
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Review of source-monitoring processes in obsessive-compulsive disorder
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作者 Layla Lavalle Jerome Brunelin +1 位作者 Remy Bation Marine Mondino 《World Journal of Psychiatry》 SCIE 2020年第2期12-20,共9页
Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a severe mental illness characterized by persistent,intrusive and distressing obsessions and/or compulsions.Such symptoms have been conceptualized as resulting from a failure in so... Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)is a severe mental illness characterized by persistent,intrusive and distressing obsessions and/or compulsions.Such symptoms have been conceptualized as resulting from a failure in sourcemonitoring processes,suggesting that patients with OCD fail to distinguish actions they perform from those they just imagine doing.In this study,we aimed to provide an updated and exhaustive review of the literature examining the relationship between source-monitoring and OCD.A systematic search in the literature through January 2019 allowed us to identify 13 relevant publications investigating source-monitoring abilities in patients with OCD or participants with subclinical compulsive symptoms.Most of the retrieved studies did not report any source-monitoring deficits in clinical and subclinical subjects compared with healthy volunteers.However,most of the studies reported that patients with OCD and subclinical subjects displayed reduced confidence in source-monitoring judgments or global cognitive confidence compared to controls.The present review highlighted some methodological and statistical limitations.Consequently,further studies are needed to explore source monitoring with regard to the subcategories of OCD symptoms(i.e.,symmetryordering,contamination-washing,hoarding,aggressive obsession-checking,sexual-religious thoughts)and to clarify the relationship between sourcemonitoring subtypes(i.e.,reality or internal source-monitoring)and confidence in these populations. 展开更多
关键词 Reality-monitoring Source-monitoring Obsessive-compulsive disorder Subclinical compulsive symptoms
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Comparison of Meta-Cognitive Beliefs with Regard to Depressed, Obsessive-Compulsive and Normal Individuals 被引量:1
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作者 Niknaz Salehi Moghadam Khadijeh Abolmaali Mina Mojtabaie 《Health》 2014年第13期1662-1668,共7页
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the meta-cognitive beliefs of three groups consisting of depressed, obsessive-compulsive and normal individuals. This expost facto study was carried... The main purpose of the present study was to investigate and compare the meta-cognitive beliefs of three groups consisting of depressed, obsessive-compulsive and normal individuals. This expost facto study was carried out on 174 individuals (58 depressed, 58 obsessive-compulsive, and 58 normal). The depressed and obsessive-compulsive patients were selected from psychological clinics in central and southern Tehran using purposive sampling. The normal group was randomly selected from the staff of the related clinics. Participants completed three questionnaires including the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), the Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), and the Meta-CognitionsQuestionnaire-30 (MCQ-30). The MANOVA test was used to analyze the statistical data. There were significant differences between the mean scores with regard to the meta-cognitive beliefs in normal individuals and in patients with depression or obsessive-compulsive disorders. Furthermore, with regard to cognitive confidence and cognitive self-consciousness subscales, there were significant differences between depressed and obsessive-compulsive patients. The mean scores of these two subscales were higher in obsessive-compulsive patient, in comparison with depressed individuals. There was no significant difference between the depressed and obsessive-compulsive groups regarding the three subscales of positive beliefs about worry, uncontrollability and need to control thoughts. 展开更多
关键词 Meta-Cognitive BELIEFS Depression OBSESSIVE-compulsive
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THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EVENT RELATED POTENTIALSIN PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER,DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY 被引量:14
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作者 XIAO Zeping, CHEN Xingshi, ZHANG Mingdao , LOU Feiying, CHEN Jue Department of Psychophysiology, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200030, china. 《现代电生理学杂志》 2003年第1期29-33,共5页
Objective:To investigate the variations of contingent negative varisations(CNV),P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD),depressiopn and anxiety.MEthods:Event-related pote... Objective:To investigate the variations of contingent negative varisations(CNV),P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD),depressiopn and anxiety.MEthods:Event-related potentials CNV,P300 and MMN were recorded in 31 patients with OCD by Nicolet SPirit Instrument,and were compared with that of 20 depression controls(DC) and 17 anxiety controls(AC)and 28 normal controls(NC),Results:A significant difference of CNV among 4 sulbject groups was found in both post-imperative negative variation(PINV) and amplitudes(M1)(P<0.01)(emergence of PINV were 45%),60%,35%,and 4% in OCD,DC,AC and NC groups respectively),Compared with NC group,DC and AC groups showed decreased M1 amplitude(P<0.01).A significant difference of P300 among 4 groups was found in both latencies(Cz/N2) and P3 and nontarget-P2 amplitudes(P<0.05-0.01),The delayed MMN latencies of OCD and DC were similar to that of P300 changes,Conclusions:CNV,P300 and MMN are useful tools for assessing the brain malfunction of OCD,DC and AC,and its clinical application are suggested.The characteristics ERPs of those patients might be useful indexes in distinguishing OCD from DC and AC patients. 展开更多
关键词 抑郁 焦虑 事件相关电位 患者 比较研究 强迫症
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Thermodynamic Simulation of CCP in Air-Cooled Heat Pump Unit with HFCs and CO<sub>2</sub>Trans-Critical 被引量:2
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作者 Feihu Chen Shuguang Liao Guangcai Gong 《Journal of Power and Energy Engineering》 2018年第9期141-164,共24页
The exergy analysis and finite time thermodynamic methods had been employed to analyze the compound condensation process (CCP). It was based on the air-cooling heat pump unit. The cooling capacity of the chiller unit ... The exergy analysis and finite time thermodynamic methods had been employed to analyze the compound condensation process (CCP). It was based on the air-cooling heat pump unit. The cooling capacity of the chiller unit is about 1 kW, and the work refrigerant is R22/R407C/R410A/CO2. The MATLAB/SIMULINK software was employed to build the simulation model. The thermodynamic simulation model is significant for the optimization of parameters of the unit, such as condensation and evaporation temperature and mass flow of the sanitary hot water and size of hot water storage tank. The COP of the CCP of R410A system is about 3% - 5% higher than the CCP of the R22 system, while CCP of the R407C system is a little lower than the CCP of R22 system. And the CCP of CO2 trans-critical system has advantage in the hot supply mode. The simulation method provided a theoretical reference for developing the production of CCP with substitute refrigerant R407C/R410A/CO2. 展开更多
关键词 air-cooled Heat Pump Unit Compound Condensation Process (CCP) EXERGY Analysis Method Sanitary Hot Water MATLAB/SIMULINK Software Fluorine Substitute REFRIGERANT R407C/R410A Natural REFRIGERANT CO2
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