EAST Cryogenic Supervisory and Control System Based on Delta-V DCS

The control system for the Experimental Advanced Superconductive Tokamak （EAST） cryogenic system is designed and constructed based on Delta-V DCS （Distribution Control System）, which consists of engineering workstations, operator workstations, application workstations, redundant controller units, input/output （I/O） cards and a redundant control network. Our task is to design a supervisory and control system to provide the operator interface for control and monitoring, sending alarms, archiving of selected signals, and other routines to analyze realtime and historic data. The hardware configuration, software structure and control algorithms are illustrated in detail in this paper. Hvpothetic oroblems and further research are also mentioned.

Supervisory Control of Fuzzy Discrete Event Systems Based on Agent

FDES(fuzzy discrete event systems) can effectively represent a kind of complicated systems involving deterministic uncertainties and vagueness as well as human subjective observation and judgement from the view of discrete events, here the information system is divided into some independent intelligent entitative Agents. The concept of information processing state based on Agents was proposed. The processing state of Agent can be judged by some assistant observation parameters about the Agent and its environment around, and the transition among these states can be represented by FDES based on rules. In order to ensure the harmony of the Agents for information processing, its upstream and downstream buffers are considered in the modeling of the Agent system, and the supervisory controller based on FDES is constructed. The processing state of Agent can be adjusted by the supervisory controller to improve the stability of the system and the efficiency of resource utilization during the process according to the control policies. The result of its application was provided to illustrate the validity of the supervisory adjustment.

Liveness Problem of Petri Nets Supervisory Control Theory for Discrete Event Systems

A quite great progress of the supervisory control theory for discrete event systems (DES)has been made in the past nearly twenty years, and now, automata, formal language and Petri nets become the main research tools. This paper focus on the Petri nets based supervisory control theory of DES. Firstly, we review the research results in this field, and claim that there generally exists a problem in Petri nets based supervisory control theory of DES, that is, the deadlock caused by the controller introduced to enforce the given specification occurs in the closed-loop systems, especially the deadlock occurs in the closed-loop system in which the original plant is live. Finally, a possible research direction is presented for the solution of this problem.

Wide-Area Delay-Dependent Adaptive Supervisory Control of Multi-machine Power System Based on Improve Free Weighting Matrix Approach

The paper demonstrates the possibility to enhance the damping of inter-area oscillations using Wide Area Measurement (WAM) based adaptive supervisory controller (ASC) which considers the wide-area signal transmission delays. The paper uses an LMI-based iterative nonlinear optimization algorithm to establish a method of designing state-feedback controllers for power systems with a time-varying delay. This method is based on the delay-dependent stabilization conditions obtained by the improved free weighting matrix (IFWM) approach. In the stabilization conditions, the upper bound of feedback signal’s transmission delays is taken into consideration. Combining theoriesof state feedback control and state observer, the ASC is designed and time-delay output feedback robust controller is realized for power system. The ASC uses the input information from Phase Measurement Units (PMUs) in the system and dispatches supplementary control signals to the available local controllers. The design of the ASC is explained in detail and its performance validated by time domain simulations on a New England test power system (NETPS).

Deepening Reform of the Supervisory System to Intensify the Fight Against Corruption

FIGHTING against corruption according to the law is a hallmark of China’s anti-corruption campaign since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),convened in 2012;and creating a sound,law-based supervisory system is a key focus and task of China’s efforts to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and comprehensively advance law-based governance.In 2018,both the government and the CPC stepped up the formulation of laws and Party regulations for the fight against corruption.

Decision-Making Process in Japanese Board Room. Audit ＆ Supervisory Board as a Source of Information to Outside Board Members： A Systematic Review

I the context of the Corporate Governance Code enactment in Japan, we examine how newly introduced outside directors in Japanese boards obtain information to take part in the decision-making process. We conducted a systematic review of the literature and found 18 peer-reviewed publications in a time span between 2000 and 2016 that described the asymmetry of information between the insider group of board directors （including the CEO） and the outside board members. Our fmdings show that for the course of more than a decade, despite all changes and reforms, the role of board directors, whether insiders or outsiders, is still supplementary. They are treated more as advisors than active part in the decision-making process. We reveal different insider sources of information as forming social ties with the CEO and/or inside board directors and collaboration with Audit ＆ Supervisory Board （Kansayaku）, which can help reduce this asymmetry and improve the decision-making process. We assume that it will be easier for the outsiders to establish contacts and form social ties with the Audit ＆ Supervisory Board members because of their unspoken lower status and thus to obtain more information about the company internal affairs and discussions that take place during the informal meetings, where only insiders （including the CEO） are present.

Substation Supervisory System Basedon Feeder Control Units

This paper introduces a kind of Feeder Control Units (FCUs) which treat feeders or main transformers as its objects. Being carefully designed, the FCU can separately meet the requirements such as signals’ acquisition, local control, on-time switchgear interlocking, etc. Equipped with a sort of high-speed serial communicahon interface, the FCUs can be distributively arranged near or into the switchgear, therefore a kind of distributed substation supervisory system can be formed.

Real Time Control System for Metro Railways Using PLC & SCADA

This paper proposes to adopt SCADA and PLC technology for the improvement of the performance of real time signaling&train control systems in metro railways.The main concern of this paper is to minimize the failure in automated metro railways system operator and integrate the information coming from Operational Control Centre(OCC),traction SCADA system,traction power control,and power supply system.This work presents a simulated prototype of an automated metro train system operator that uses PLC and SCADA for the real time monitoring and control of the metro railway systems.Here,SCADA is used for the visualization of an automated process operation and then the whole opera-tion is regulated with the help of PLC.The PLC used in this process is OMRON(NX1P2-9024DT1)and OMRON’s Sysmac studio programming software is used for developing the ladder logic of PLC.The metro railways system has deployed infrastructure based on SCADA from the power supply system,and each station’s traction power control is connected to the OCC remotely which commands all of the stations and has the highest command priority.An alarm is triggered in the event of an emergency or system congestion.This proposed system overcomes the drawbacks of the current centralized automatic train control(CATC)system.This system provides prominent benefits like augmenting services which may enhance a network’s full load capacity and networkflexibility,which help in easy modification in the existing program at any time.

基于C++的三维闪电回击数据再处理系统设计

针对三维闪电数据处理算法改进之后需重新定位回击数据,以及省级三维闪电探测系统的回击数据通常更加完整,应用时要将多个省份闪电回击数据合并后重新处理出准确的云内闪电高度值等问题,本研究使用C/S架构和C++builder编程开发了三维闪电回击数据再处理系统。系统设计了回击数据查询处理界面,提供了监视控制功能。通过设定回击数据文件和配置文件,再运行软件系统对符合条件的回击数据进行排序,在完成排序的数据中提取同一闪电相关信息,经计算处理得到重新定位的三维闪电探测结果并存储。将系统部署于国家级平台查询处理全国组网的三维闪电历史回击数据,测试结果表明,再处理系统操作便捷、功能齐全,满足三维闪电回击数据再处理系统的任务要求。

基于多层级时空图神经网络的风电机组在线异常检测

在风电场运营中,准确及时的故障检测是降低风电机组运行维护成本的关键。然而,现有检测方法未充分挖掘功能单元间的潜在时空关联,限制了检测准确性的提升。文中提出了一种基于多层级时空图神经网络的风电机组在线异常检测方法,以提高故障检测的准确性。该方法依据风电机组物理结构,将其功能单元划分为多个子图,从而构筑了一个多层级的时空图神经网络,通过图注意力机制和多头注意力机制全方位地分析风电机组各传感器节点与功能单元之间的关联强度。同时,针对数据采集与监控(SCADA)系统数据的时间关联,设计了动态图神经网络和时间注意力机制,使正常行为预测模型捕捉了SCADA系统数据的时间关联特性,实现了空间和时间特性的有效融合。最后,基于中国上海某风电场的实际数据验证了所提方法的显著有效性。

论备案审查意见的督促纠错功能

2023年《立法法》修改赋予了全国人民代表大会专门委员会、常务委员会工作机构在审查法规、条例“同宪法或者法律相抵触”或“认为存在合宪性、合法性问题”时,可向制定机关提出“审查意见”的职权。地方人大“备案审查条例”也作出了相应的规定。“审查意见”作为强化人大备案审查职能的一项重要举措,一方面,“审查意见”刚性效力远强于修法前的“研究意见”;另一方面,“审查意见”能有效督促制定机关及时纠错。作为备案审查外部督促手段,“审查意见”表现为以“沟通”“协商”方式,形成兼具法律和政治双重督促效果。为进一步强化人大备案审查中的督促纠错功能,还需明确审查机关“督促”与制定机关“纠错”工作联系机制,明晰“审查意见”的督促对象、督促内容、督促方式等具体细则。

非营利组织监事制度有效性研究——基于“制度——文化”理论的分析

监事制度是非营利组织治理结构的重要组成部分,然而现有研究忽视了对其有效性的探讨。由新制度主义理论切入,构建非营利组织监事制度有效性“制度—文化”模型,采用清晰集定性比较分析方法进行多案例分析,研究发现:非营利组织的监事制度、组织文化、主导者态度、监事态度和能力、监事行为、理事会和秘书处的配合度,对于监事制度有效性有着重要影响。监事有所作为是监事制度有效的必要条件。监事行为受到制度规则、组织文化和主导者态度的强烈影响。在已经具有监事制度规则的条件下,监事制度有效性取决于组织文化和制度相关人的态度,即“文化发挥决定性作用”。研究结论揭示了非营利组织监事制度有效性的影响因素及因果机制,对于提升非营利组织监事制度有效性,改变长期以来的内部监督缺失局面,推动非营利组织健康、有序、高质量发展具有重要意义。

董事高管责任保险与企业社会责任:监督激励抑或机会主义

基于沪深A股上市公司2006—2020年的数据,考察董事高管责任保险对企业社会责任承担的影响效果及其作用机制。研究发现,引入董责险能够显著提升企业履行社会责任的意愿和水平;董责险引入的时间越长,企业履行社会责任的意愿和水平越高;投保董责险的责任限额越高,企业履行社会责任的意愿和水平也越高;上述结论在一系列稳健性检验和内生性处理之后依然成立。机制分析发现,董责险通过吸引具有海外经历背景的优秀人才加盟董事会而促进了企业社会责任承担。鉴于董责险已经成为当前资本市场的重要市场化治理工具,建议监管机构积极推广董责险,以此完善公司治理,督促上市公司积极履行社会责任.

发电厂信息系统网络设备的优化配置

发电厂信息系统包括厂级监控信息系统(SIS)和管理信息系统(MIS)。常规设计方案中,SIS和MIS两个系统按软硬件独立设置,各自组网,网络利用率不高。为解决此问题,对发电厂信息系统的交换机、存储设备、服务器、隔离装置等网络硬件配置进行优化,构建了一种发电厂信息系统新型网络架构,消除了常规独立组网设计方案存在的信息瓶颈,而且SIS和MIS由同一硬件平台统一管理,为智能电站建设创造有利条件。

董事会断裂带、内部控制与审计质量——基于制造业上市公司的数据

断裂带的存在极容易使董事会形成不同的子群体,而子群体间的相互作用又会反向牵制和干扰董事会的监督能力,进而影响审计质量。以2013—2021年中国沪深A股制造业上市公司为样本,探究董事会断裂带对审计质量的影响。研究发现:首先,董事会断裂带与审计质量呈倒U形关系,断裂带异常会干扰公司董事会监督职能的正常发挥,从而影响审计质量;其次,董事会断裂带与审计质量的倒U形关系主要源于任务导向断裂带的作用,在企业成熟期更为显著;最后,内部控制能够削弱董事会断裂带对审计质量的影响,而良好的内部控制有助于缓解股东与管理层的代理成本,弥补董事会子群体间冲突带来的负面影响,在合理范围内有效地提升审计质量。

监察组织制度应以监察任务为导向——兼谈对我国监察组织立法的构想

监察组织制度应是监察制度体系的核心部分,但现行立法均未对其重点关注,致使监察委员会与其他国家机关的关系如何处理、监察组织内部如何设置机构等缺乏规范依据,对监察委员会职权赋予的多少、办案组织人员配置等缺乏判断标准。参考“行政任务”引入的“监察任务”概念可以作为监察组织制度的立法导向。监察委员会的产生、职权、组织等均以达至监察任务之需要为基础,又以实现监察任务之必要为限度。确保监察组织制度在法治化、规范化的过程中可以统摄于一,有助于监察委员会在实践中依法、依职权开展工作。

中国石油井下作业数字化监督发展问题与对策

阐述了中国石油井下作业数字化监督在监督人员数字化管理、施工队伍数字化监督、施工作业数字化监督、井场环境数字化监督4个方面的发展现状。分析了井下作业数字化监督发展面临数字化监督管理制度不健全、监督数据标准不统一、数字化智能监督技术不完善、缺少统一的数字化智能监督平台、监督数据价值挖掘不深入5个方面的主要问题。提出了制定井下作业数字化监督管理制度、建立井下作业监督数据标准、攻关数字化智能监督关键技术、研发井下作业数字化智能监督平台、提升监督大数据分析应用水平5项数字化监督发展对策。展望了井下作业数字化监督建设发展后在提升监督人员履职效率、降低监督人力资源成本、提升工程质量、保障施工安全与环保4个方面的预期成效。

于右任监察思想及其当代启示

于右任被尊为民国“监察之父”,其监察思想内涵极为丰富。于右任将监察制度视作官民之间的调和法,并以弹劾权为核心,以其他职权为延伸,对监察职权的目的和内容进行阐释,说明不同时期进行监察活动的具体方法。他关注监察官员的选任与管理,也重视监察法制建设。这一系列独到的观点构成其监察思想的主要内容。于右任监察思想的当代启示:提升人民在监察中的参与度,强化对社会公共事务的监察,增加特殊时期监察的灵活性,推进监察官与监察制度良性互动。

地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关的法治逻辑及展开路径

地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关具有严密的法治逻辑,既是人民代表大会制度的内在逻辑要求,也是强化对权力运行制约和监督的必然要求,还是对监督者再监督的题中之义。但由于监察权在我国新“四权”权力配置模式中处于优越地位,地方人大及其常委会监督地方监察机关还面临一些挑战和障碍。这就需要在正确认识和处理地方人大及其常委会监督与地方监察机关监察两者“异中有同”“相得益彰”关系的基础上,由地方人大及其常委会对地方监察机关开展“正确监督、有效监督、依法监督”,以实现地方人大及其常委会对地方监察机关监督的目的。

监察体制改革视域下人民监督员制度的新发展

随着国家监察体制改革深入推进,检察机关的职务犯罪侦查职能发生重大调整,人民监督员制度的适用备受关注。2021年《监察法实施条例》将履行公职的人民监督员纳入监察范围,确立了人民监督员作为监察对象的法律地位。人民监督员行使的监督权属于公权力。对此,宜从监督权力和维护公益两个维度进一步证成健全人民监督员制度的必要性。未来,顺应《监察法》第一次修改的趋向,健全符合人民监督员作为监察对象之法律地位的制度新方案:首先,转变理念认知,规范人民监督员行使公权力的主要形式及其限度;其次,确定人民监督员不当用权的法律责任,调动其秉公用权的主动性;最后,提高人民监督员履职用权的素能,重视人民监督员的选任、培训与考核等工作的质量。