Snapshot Survey of the Presence of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Products, Articles, and the Environment in Ecuador

The Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs)is a legally binding instrument for 186 Parties(status:April 2023).Accordingly,among other responsibilities,countries are obliged to report the production,import,or export of the POPs listed in Annexes A,B,or C;provide information to registers;maintain inventories;and monitor the presence of POPs in the environment.In the broader context of international chemicals and waste management,producer responsibilities,harmonized reporting,and compliance with national and international regulations,Ecuador has addressed the newly listed group of perfluorinated alkyl substances(PFAS)in its national implementation plan and sent selected products from its national market for PFAS analysis.The products analyzed came from the initially listed fields of specific exemptions and acceptable purposes,including:fire-fighting foams;photographic aids;greasers/degreasers;various kinds of paper/packaging;textiles;and leather,coatings,cleaners,metal plating,and pesticides.Our results showed that the three PFAS presently listed in the Stockholm Convention could be quantified in only a few samples;additional PFAS,not yet listed in the Convention also had low detection frequencies.Although the number of samples was limited,the samples covered a large spectrum of sample matrices,making it possible to conclude that—once these products become waste and are regulated under the Basel Convention—they would not constitute a disposal problem.Nevertheless,verification of the presence of PFAS in products on the market is expected to pose an analytical challenge for both,developed and developing countries.

A Study of the Use and Translation of Archaic Functional Vocabulary in the Berne Convention

The archaic functional vocabulary is highly with the legal features of formality and conservativeness and still holding a place in legal English.The Berne Convention is a good example to study the use and translation of the archaic functional vocabulary.By studying what archaic functional words or phrases are used in the Berne Convention,their meanings and the different use frequencies of them between the Berne Convention and the Copy Right Law of PRC,it has been found that arhcaic adverbs are used of low frequency,while some adjectives or adjectival groups as well as some prepositions or prepositional phrases are used of high frequencies.The use frequencies of the archaic functional vocabulary is higher in the Berne Convention than those in the Copy Right law of PRC.Some suggestions can be put forward to help improve translating Chinese legal documents into English or writing English legal documents.

Research on the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity among the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation(SCO)is the most extensive and populous comprehensive regional cooperation organization in the world,covering about half of the world's population,with not only a huge consumer market,but also rich natural resources and strong productivity.As one of the important platforms for the implementation of the Green Belt and Road Initiative,it is an important opportunity for the SCO to actively participate in global governance and contribute to building a community of global life.To investigate the status of biodiversity conservation in the SCO countries,we used literature analysis approach.We surveyed the performance and international cooperation status of the SCO countries in the implementation of the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),listed facing problems and threats to biodiversity conservation,including not optimistic biodiversity conservation project implementation status,contradiction between ecological protection and economic development,impacts of human activities,lack of funds and talents,etc.,and analyzed the biodiversity protection needs of the SCO countries from the perspectives of project and policy implementation status and international cooperation.According to the cooperation between China and the other SCO countries on biodiversity conservation and the post-2020 global biodiversity framework goals,we gave some recommendations:(1)promoting access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing;(2)integrating multiple funds and innovating the implementation of funding mechanism;(3)developing talent training and exchange programs and deepening multilateral cooperation;(4)strengthening cross-border cooperation and improving cooperation network;and(5)establishing a coordination mechanism for biodiversity conservation within the framework of the SCO.

Quantifying and Simplifying the 1997 UNWC’s Guidelines to Mitigate Hegemony in Transboundary Watercourse Negotiations

The 1997 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Non-navigational Uses of International Watercourses (UNWC) contains a negotiation framework for transboundary water rights. However, it is a subjective document open to a wide range of possibilities and interpretations. Water Rights Allocations (WRAs) as described by Dinar and Nigatu (2013) and Dinar and Tsur (2017) provide a limited number of quantifiable allocation possibilities based on the UNWC. It is suggested that this methodology streamlines the negotiation process and reduces the effects of hydro hegemony. These methodologies are explored and applied through a case study on the Orontes River Basin.

LCT和GCT联合鉴别未知水样中N,N-二烷基氨基乙基磺酸及其类似物

N,N-dialkylaminoethane-2-sulfonic acids are environmental marker compounds of V type nerve agents,hence analysis of them is very important for verification of the chemical weapons convention(CWC).In this article,liquid chromatography-high resolution time of flight mass spectrometry coupled with accurate mass measurement were used to discriminate N,N-disopropyl aminoethane-2-sulfonic acid and a CWC non-related compound 3-(N-Morpholino)propanesulfonic acid in Water.The method was fast,simple and accurate,proving that high resolution mass spectrometry is a good technique for the analysis of unknown toxicant.

谁是真正的美人?--比较斯宾塞十四行诗第15首与莎士比亚十四行诗第130首(英文)

Compared with Spenser's Sonnet 15 in which the speaker praises his beautiful lover by comparing her to various precious things such as Saphyres,Rubies,pearles,yvory,gold and silver,the speaker in Shakespeare's Sonnet 130 denies that his lover is as perfect as such wonderful things as the sun,coral,snow,roses,perfume,music and goddess,and thus portrays a more human and believable beauty.In addition,he describes his lovers in four senses-the visual sense,the sense of smell,the sense of sound,and the sense of motion.As a result,he creates a vivid and genuine beauty.

参加第十二届世界地震工程大会简况

In this paper, it was introduced the abbreviated situation of ⅪⅠ World Earthquake engineering Convention (WECC) from 30 Jan to 4 Feb.2000 in Auckland, New Zealand.

The 2 ℃ Global Temperature Target and the Evolution of the Long-TermGoal of Addressing Climate Change-From the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change to the Paris Agreement

The Paris Agreement proposed to keep the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 ℃ abovepre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 ℃ above pre-industriallevels. It was thus the first international treaty to endow the 2 ℃ global temperature target with legal effect.The qualitative expression of the ultimate objective in Article 2 of the United Nations Framework Conventionon Climate Change （UNFCCC） has now evolved into the numerical temperature rise target in Article 2 of theParis Agreement. Starting with the Second Assessment Report （SAR） of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-mate Change （IPCC）, an important task for subsequent assessments has been to provide scientific informa-tion to help determine the quantified long-term goal for UNFCCC negotiation. However, due to involvementin the value judgment within the scope of non-scientific assessment, the IPCC has never scientifically af-firmed the unacceptable extent of global temperature rise. The setting of the long-term goal for addressingclimate change has been a long process, and the 2 ℃ global temperature target is the political consensuson the basis of scientific assessment. This article analyzes the evolution of the long-term global goal foraddressing climate change and its impact on scientific assessment, negotiation processes, and global low-carbon development, from aspects of the origin of the target, the series of assessments carried out by the 1PCCfocusing on Article 2 of the UNFCCC, and the promotion of the global temperature goal at the political level.

A Unity of Contradictions-An Analysis of Jane Eyre's Character

Charlotte Bronte's masterpiece Jane Eyre creates a bright figure in the world's literature, attracting readers of generations all through the globe with her character of both unconvention and convention, which is a unity of contradictions. In this paper, the author presents the analysis in two parts: Jane Eyre's childhood in Gateshead, and Jane Eyre's schooldays in Lowood, drawing a conclusion finally that the two aspects of Jane Eyre's nature-unconvention and convention are indispensable for portraying the heroine.

基于语料库的英语近义词辨析——以convention和tradition为例

对英语同义词进行辨析是英语学习的一大难点,而语料库是近义词学习和辨析的有效工具。利用语料库对近义词进行多方面的比较,给英语学习者一个真实、直观、简便的方法,使其能在学习上突破近义词混淆的障碍。该文使用语料库方法,对tradition和convention两个词从搭配和语义韵两个方面进行了定性和定量的分析。从此研究结论得出,tradition与文化相关的词语搭配,而convention与政治相关的词语搭配,但是它们都是中性语义韵。基于语料库的研究对英语教学和学习都有帮助。

Design of Mechanical Smoke Exhaust System in Large Space of Convention Center

The volumetric flow rate of smoke generated from the fire in large space often reaches to hundreds of thousands CMH because of extended floor height and as it’s more difficult to isolate the smoke to the limited area, comparing to normal-scale building, design and operation of effective smoke control system for large space is more than important. In this study, with the analysis model for such a large space as exhibition hall or conference room in conventional center, design of mechanical smoke exhaust system was conducted based on currently-available design standard which was then followed by numerical analysis of the design using 3D numerical analysis method. For conference room at 2.0 MW heat release rate, 99,173 CMH flow rate is required, if smoke layer is maintained at 60% of the floor height and for exhibition hall at 8.8 MW with 80% of floor height, flow rate required is 219,802 CMH, which are incorporated into the design. In view of 3D numerical analysis, accuracy of the design according to algebraic expression is sufficient.

Assessing the Potential Impact on Previous Maritime Accidents Had the HNS Convention Been Applied

The HNS Convention(International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea,2010)covers any damage caused by the carriage by sea of hazardous and noxious substances in the territory or territorial sea of a State Party to the Convention.The costs of preventive actions,i.e.measures to avoid or minimize damage,are also covered wherever taken.The HNS Convention includes preventive measures as any reasonable measures taken by any person after an incident has occurred to prevent or minimize damage,i.e.actions such as clean-up or removal of HNS from a wreck if the HNS presents a hazard or pollution risk.It seems that after the CLC(Civil Liability Convention),much environmental legislation has lost the concept of pro-activeness/prevention of an environmental hazard and is more focused on compensation and reactiveness.This approach is not consistent with the purpose of environmental legislation and the examination of the basic principles of the HNS Convention in parallel with distinctive environmental hazards proves this theory of reactive strategy.The methodology is based on the exploratory research principles and the legal doctrine,utilizing legislation and case law as the primary source of data,aiming to examine the effects of the HNS’s entry into force by studying cases that are inside its authority and scope.

Development and Demand Analysis of Convention and Exhibition Industry Standardization

This article points out the necessity and urgency of accelerating convention and exhibition industrial standardization on the basis of an analysis of the industry demands, developing tendencies, and existing problems during development.

Jane Eyre's Character Displayed in Her Experience of Marriage and Love

Charlotte Bronte is a famous English woman novelist in the 19th century.Her masterpiece Jane Eyre creates a bright figure in the world's literature,attracting readers of generations all through the globe with her character of both unconvention and convention,which is a unity of contradictions.In this paper,the author presents the analysis in two parts:Jane Eyre's convention presented in her experience of marriage and love,and Jane Eyre's unconvention presented in her experience of marriage and love,drawing a conclusion finally that the two aspects of Jane Eyre's nature-unconvention and convention are indispensable for portraying the heroine.

Evaluation of Environmental Impact Assessment Factors in Maritime Industry

The environmental impact of shipping sector includes the pollution caused by vessels to air and water environment.The water pollution is primarily caused by ship accidents and by untreated ballast water.To avoid maritime accidents,a complex system of regulations and safety management measures has been initiated to minimize and possibly avoid similar maritime disasters in the future.On the other hand,untreated ballast water,despite the ease of management by shipping companies,is regarded as one of the major maritime threats internationally and arguably a severe threat to biodiversity.The International Convention on the Control and Management of Ballast of Ships and Sediments,entered into force in September 2017,focusing on the prevention of the risk of importation and the proliferation of foreign species after the discharge of untreated ballast water from vessels.An option to reduce this risk is to install water treatment systems on the ballast tanks.Air pollution deriving from vessels is an additional issue that has great significance and impact on public health and the environment in general.Ships emit large amounts of air pollutants,mainly in the form of SO_(x)(Sulfur O_(x)ide),NO_(x)(Nitrogen O_(x)ide)and particulate matter,which are constantly growing and affecting humans.Vessels also produce nearly 3%of the world’s total greenhouse gas emissions,leading to rampant weather conditions.From 1 January 2020,the IMO(International Maritime Organization)imposed a new global sulfur emission ceiling of 0.5%on fuels,a reduction from the current limit of 3.5%,aiming at a gradual extinction of sulfur emissions in the near future.Pursuant to the previous analysis,three systems/indicators that are applied to vessels are going to be assessed,based on UNCTAD(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)Report Data,to evaluate their impact in correlation to the measure of compliance to the relevant regulations so far:(i)the ship must have an equipped and installed ballast treatment system;(ii)the ship must be equipped and fitted with a special filter to eliminate sulfur emissions;(iii)the ship must comply with Tier III regulations to successfully reduce NO_(x)emissions.

Cultural Context and Appreciation to Obama's Verbal Humor

This paper aims to explain the restraint exerted by the deep structure of culture,such as history,religion,social convention and family,in understanding and appreciating foreign verbal humor,especially foreign statesman's verbal humor;whereby the significance of the deep structure of culture is revealed.In this paper,Herbert Paul Grice's Conversational Implicature Theory,i.e.the violation of cooperative principle,is taken as the theoretic base;the deep structure of culture is the analytical background and some of Obama's remarks and speeches given informal occasions are taken as analyzed examples,from which the essential role of the deep structure of culture is emphasized and focused in cross-cultural communication.

Geoscience Frontiers 2017 Annual Convention

The 2017 Geoscience Frontiers Annual Convention was held in Beijing, China during October 19e21, 2017 hosted by China University of Geosciences, Beijing (Fig. 1). This convention assembled earth scientists from seven countries, including Australia (Dr. Christopher Spencer and Dr. Stijn Glorie), Korea (Dr. S. Kwon), India (Dr. Shaji Erath), Japan (Dr. Toshiaki Tsunogae and Dr. Masaki Yoshida), Russia (Dr. Inna Safonova), UK (Dr. Nick Roberts), China, and also representatives from Elsevier (Beijing).

American Epilepsy Society 2019 Annual Meeting

Time:December 6-10,2019Venue:Baltimore Convention Center,Baltimore MD,USA Website:https://meeting.aesnet.org/American Epilepsy Society(AES)2019 Annual Meeting will take place in Baltimore Convention Center,Baltimore MD,USA on December 6-10,2019.From best practices to breakthrough research,the AES 2019 Annual Meeting offers the most extensive education on everything epilepsy and an unparalleled opportunity to network with the brightest minds in the field.

2019计算机视觉国际会议

ICCV 2019 will take place at the COEX Convention Center from October 27 to November 3,2019 in Seoul,Korea.ICCV is the premier international computer vision event comprising the main conference and several co-located workshops and tutorials.With its high quality and low cost,it provides an exceptional value for students,academics and industry researchers.Call for Papers Papers in the main technical program must describe high-quality,original research.Topics of interest include all aspects of computer vision and pattern recognition including,but not limited to 3D Computer Vision?Action Recognition?Big data and Large Scale Methods?Biometrics,face and gesture?Biomedical image analysis?Computational photography,photometry,shape from X-Deep Learning Low-level vision and Image Processing Motion and Tracking?Optimization methods?Recognition:detection,categorization,indexing and matching?Robot Vision?Segmentation,grouping and shape representation?Statistical learning?Video:events,activities and surveillance?Vision for X All submissions will be handled electronically.In addition to the main technical program,the conference will include Tutorials,Workshops,Demonstrations,and Exhibits.Submit proposals to the appropriate chair.