Resolved concerns after 28 years of Bt cottonin China

Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner(Bt)cotton was widely grown in China from 1997.Since then,it has resulted in many misunderstandings and concerns about Bt cotton.However,extensive research and practical experience over the past 28 years in China have led to the resolution of many of these concerns.This short review explores how the concerns has been resolved,and provides valuable insights for the future utilization of genetically modified products.

A“Going Concern”and the Need to Fully Integrate Economics in the Business School Curriculum

In response to the recommendation by the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business(AACSB,2002),which urged business schools to embark on interdisciplinary programs to facilitate boundary-spanning teaching and learning,many colleges have conducted one form of curriculum integration or the other.Many of these team-taught course integrations,however,concentrate on core business courses without reaching out to related courses in other disciplines.Moreover,due to some factors,the informational contents of management disclosures in annual reports and audit unqualified opinions may not align with the future viability of an enterprise.Using a“going concern concept”,this paper demonstrates how the addition of economics in business school curriculum integration could produce well-rounded business graduates.Economics concepts could unambiguously support the tests that cast doubts on firms’ability to continue operations.

Detection of Multi-dimensional Driving Forces of Public Environmental Concern in China:Based on Spatial Heterogeneity Perspectives

Public environmental concern(PEC)is an important bottom-up force in building an environmentally sustainable society.Guided by attitude theory,this paper innovatively constructed a PEC evaluation index system,while introducing entropy weighted-TOPSIS(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution)to realize the assessment of PEC.Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to portray the spatio-temporal evolution patterns of PEC in 362 Chinese cities at prefecture-level and above from 2011 to 2018.Furthermore,the Geodetector model was performed to identify the multi-dimensional determinants of PEC from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity.The results indicated that:1)PEC in China exhibited a fluctuating upward trend,consistent with the spatial distribution law of‘Heihe-Tengchong Line’and‘Bole-Taipei Line’;2)the driving effect of each factor varied dynamically,but in general,economic development level,population size,industrial wastewater,and education level were the dominant driving factors explaining the spatial variation of PEC;3)risk detection revealed that four factors,government environmental regulations,PM_(2.5),vegetation coverage,and natural resource endowment,had nonlinear effects on PEC;4)the interactions between factors all demonstrated an enhancement in explaining the spatial differentiation of PEC.PEC was driven by the comprehensive interaction of four-dimensional factors of economy,society,pollutant emissions,and ecology.Among them,population agglomeration accompanied by a high level of regional economy and information technology can explain the increase in PEC to the greatest extent.

洛克教育思想的未解之谜——以Some Thoughts Concerning Education为线索

近年来国内兴起了新一轮的洛克研究热潮,主要集中于洛克政治哲学方面的研究。洛克流亡荷兰期间,出版了其生前唯一一本以"教育"一词命名的著作——Some Thoughts Concerning Education,到目前为止,此书仍未有一个统一认可的汉语译名。这实际透露出洛克的教育论说此前在教育学界并未得到真正符合其本义的透彻理解。经梳理与分析后认为:Some Thoughts Concerning Education其实尤为洛克本人所重视!它与《人类理解论》《政府论》等一同构成了洛克学说的整体核心部分。从洛克政治哲学的整体设计高度上看待他的家庭幼儿教育理论与实践,是以往研究未能充分关注到的。

MODELING METHOD FOR CROSSCUTTING CONCERNS IN CONCURRENT SOFTWARE SYSTEM

A method for modeling crosscutting concerns in the concurrent software system is presented based on the aspect-oriented（A-O） technique and the statechart of unified modeling language （UML）. Modeled with UML statechart diagrams, the primary system functions and corresponding traversal features are enveloped into various orthogonal regions of a composite state. The mutual relationships between orthogonal regions are implied by the orders of broadcast events. Using a modular transition system as a basic computational model, the formalization description of A-O statechart models is proposed. The precise semantics of model elements and modeling procedures is given. The example study indicates that the separation strategy of crosscutting concerns is implemented in the design phase of the concurrent software system with this method. Meanwhile, the software modeling method has advantages of loose coupling, adaptability and traceability.

Should music evoke emotion?-Review on Deep Concern in New Horizon College English

Deep Concern in New Horizon College English (Reading and Writing Book1) describes a generation gap in an American family. In the text, the parents worry about their daughter's listening to rock music for it may bring negative impact on her. Nowadays there is definitely music with unwholesome or depraved thoughts that may mislead listeners. Should people therefore refuse to listen to music or refuse the influence of music on emotion? The essay will focus on the issue to have a review on the relationship between emotion and music.

Cyclomatic Complexity-Based Encapsulation, Data Hiding, and Separation of Concerns

Three design principles are prominent in software development-encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns. These principles are used as subjective quality criteria for both procedural and object-oriented applications. The purpose of research is to quantify encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns is quantified using cyclomatic-based metrics. As a result of this research, the derived design metrics, coefficient of encapsulation, coefficient of data hiding, and coefficient of separation of concerns, are defined and applied to production software indicating whether the software has low or high encapsulation, data hiding, and separation of concerns.

关于concern一词基于语料库的用法研究

本文基于英语国家语料库(BNC)对concern一词的用法进行了研究,分别分析了其作为名词、动词以及其形容词concerned的各种用法,旨在强调基于语料库的词语搭配研究对解决英语疑难词汇用法的重要性。

Identifying pain-related concerns in routine follow-up clinics following oral and oropharyngeal cancer

AIM:To describe clinical characteristics of head and neck cancer(HNC)patients with pain and those wishing to discuss pain concerns during consultation.METHODS:Cross-sectional,questionnaire study using University of Washington Quality of Life,version 4(UWQOL)and the Patients Concerns Inventory(PCI)in disease-free,post-treatment HNC cohort.Significant pain on UW-QOL and indicating"Pain in head and neck"and"Pain elsewhere"on PCI.RESULTS:One hundred and seventy-seven patientscompleted UW-QOL and PCI.The prevalence of selfreported pain issues was 38%(67/177)comprising25%(44/177)with significant problems despite medications and 13%(23/177)with lesser or no problems but wishing to discuss pain.Patients aged under 65years and patients having treatment involving radiotherapy were more likely to have pain issues.Just over half,55%(24/44)of patients with significant pain did not express a need to discuss this.Those with significant pain or others wanting to discuss pain in clinic had greater problems in physical and social-emotional functioning,reported suboptimal QOL,and also had more additional PCI items to discuss in clinic compared to those without significant pain and not wishing to discuss pain.CONCLUSION:Significant HNC-related pain is prevalent in the disease-free,posttreatment cohort.Onward referral to a specialist pain team may be beneficial.The UW-QOL and PCI package is a valuable tool that may routinely screen for significant pain in outpatient clinics.

Upper respiratory tract infections in children: A normal stage or high parental concern?

Background: Families function less efficiently when one of the children suffers from illness. Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are common among children. Though the child may have no critical or serious health problem, the parents may frequently get worried and visit the general practitioner or pediatrician. Do children with URTI who visit the doctor frequently pass through a normal stage in childhood or are their parents more concerned than usual? Methods: A questionnaire was filled out for 76 children between 1 and 4 years of age. Two groups were created: a URTI group and a control group. Results: The URTI group suffered from these infections for 19.4 days a month, compared with 5.9 days in the control group. In addition, they also suffered from fever for a longer duration and used more antibiotics. The parents of these children were found to be more concerned, caused by a fear of a serious disease. They often keep their child at home and make their child consume more medicines. Conclusions: Parents of children with recurrent infections are found to be more concerned and a hypothesis of high parental concern and child's illness is discussed. Minimizing parental concern can therefore be a possible preventive treatment.

Nanotechnology in Cosmetics: Basics, Current Trends and Safety Concerns—A Review

As nanotechnology finds new applications, the formulation and use of nano-particulate structures in the production of cosmetics and cosmeceuticals keeps increasing. Nano-sized materials such as cubosomes, nanodots, liposomes, dendrimers, nano-emulsions are now becoming regular ingredients in the cosmetic space. These nanoparticle-based cosmetics or nano-cosmeceuticals have extended the boundaries of the applications of cosmetics in managing conditions of wrinkling, dehydrated and inelastic skin associated with aging and dispersed hyperpigmentation. With so many claims by giant cosmetic manufacturers on the several possibilities achievable by such products containing these, there remain valid questions needing answers. Such includes: what are the actual facts as opposed to unfounded expectations on use of nano-materials in cosmetics? What are the peculiar properties of Nano-sized structures? Any potential or actual health risks associated with nanoparticle-incorporated cosmetic products? What roles are the regulating authorities and academic researchers playing in the light of all these developments? This review attempts to answer these questions, taking a look at the updates on nano-sized materials used in cosmetics, while presenting actual advances made in nano-cosmetics amidst the seemingly not too obvious hidden risks.

Assessment of Health Workers’ Concern about COVID-19 Pandemic: Implication for Surveillance Activities among Primary Health Care Workers in Oyo State, South-Western Nigeria

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has continued to threaten the existence of the human race. The novelty and unstable epidemiologic pattern of the virus had generated so much concern among the global health experts. These concerns were found to be escalated among the frontline health care workers to the extent of impeding the timeliness of the response activities. To slow down the spread of the already established community transmission through the surveillance activities, the concern of the health workers at the community level needs to be addressed. Therefore, this study assessed the concern about COVID-19 pandemic among primary health workers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Methods: This was an online cross-sectional survey conducted among primary health care workers in Oyo State between March and April 2020. Using a two-stage sampling technique, we recruited 284 respondents. A semi-structured questionnaire linked to the Google form was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25;bivariate analysis was done using Chi-square and binary logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of health workers’ concern at 5% level of significance. Results: The mean age of respondents was 45.0 ± 9.0 years. The proportion of the respondents who had good knowledge of COVID-19 was 52.5%. In the domains of concern, 66.9%, 53.2%, 51.4%, and 46.5% of the respondents expressed government-related, self-satisfaction related, work-related and social-status related concerns respectively. Male respondents were less likely to express concern about COVID-19 compared with their female counterparts (aOR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.20 - 0.76). Nurses/midwives (aOR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.05 - 0.85) had lesser likelihood of expressing concern about COVID-19 while middle staff (aOR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.18 - 5.39) and income earner of ≥N200,000 (aOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.34 - 3.92) had higher likelihood of expressing concern about COVID-19. Conclusion: The study highlights an average knowledge of COVID-19 among the respondents. Government-related and self-satisfaction related concerns were expressed by the majority of the Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. Now that the second wave of COVID-19 is moving with much more fatality across much of Africa, including Nigeria, it is therefore imperative to address these concerns through a holistic policy that addresses the welfare, safety and capacity building of the health care workers (HCWs).

Professional Ethical Concerns and Recommendations on Psychological Interventions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China

When COVID-19 pandemic hit China,Chinese clinical psychologists,counselors and other practitioners reacted quickly to provide psychological interventions for different target groups.Different professional ethical concerns and potential transgressions arose during different stages of pandemic.This paper aimed to summarize different ethical concerns and transgressions during different stages of pandemic in China,as well as how the professional ethical workgroup in the registration system of clinical psychologists and professional organizations of Chinese Psychological Society(CPS)to publish a series of documents as recommendations on ethical practice.It is hoped by providing a picture of“problems vs.solutions”in terms of professional ethical issues on psychological interventions for COVID-19 pandemic in China,the paper may provide certain inspirations as well as emotional support to clinical practitioners from other countries and regions who have beenfighting the pandemic.

2022 Monkeypox outbreak:Why is it a public health emergency of international concern?What can we do to control it?

The World Health Organization(WHO) called the recent monkeypox(MPX)outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on July 23,2022.The United States of America(US) alarmed the recent MPX outbreak as the US public health emergency on August 4,2022.Since early May 2022,more than 35000 MPX cases and 12 deaths had been reported to WHO from 92 countries and territories by August 17,2022,and MPX cases continue rising rapidly with improved surveillance,access to diagnosis,and continuous virus spreading globally.Approximately 99% MPX cases are men,of which 95% cases are men who have sex with man.No evidence of MPX being sexually transmitted infections(STIs) is found;however,a high percentage(25%) of concurrent STIs and frequent anogenital symptoms suggest transmission through local inoculation during close intimate contact or sexual activity.Many approaches including a comprehensive international vaccination strategy and adequate supplies are mandatory to prevent MPX pandemic.Education,vaccination,MPX scrutiny and careful monitoring,and crossborder collaborations with international sectors are practical strategy to contain MPX outbreaks.People are educated to reduce the risk of exposure and to reduce the number of sexual partners especially new ones,to avoid contacting travelers from epidemic regions or animals that may carry MPX virus,and avoid traveling to endemic areas.

Role of Trust, Privacy Concerns and Data Governance in Managers’ Decision on Adoption of Big Data Systems

This paper investigates the role of trust, privacy concerns, and data governance on managers’ intention to use big data systems. In literature, trusting beliefs, such as functionality, helpfulness, and reliability were found to be antecedent of trust in technological artifacts. Notice, access, choice, and security principles were found to be crucial in eliminating privacy concerns. On the other hand, this paper focuses on data storage and data collection which have been significant criterion for managers in evaluating companies’ data governance policies. A model depicting the relationships amongst all these factors and their relation to users’ intention to adopt big data systems and a scale was proposed in the paper.

语域理论观照下的Deep Concern标题的恰当性

《新视野大学英语》读写教程使用多年,受到诸多大学英语教师的好评,该教材内容不断更新,与时俱进,且每个单元主题鲜明。笔者在教学实践中发现该教材在课文内容、课后练习、教学活动等方面设计到位,但对于教材中个别单元内容及标题的更改有不同的观点。文章基于语域理论三元素:语场、语旨、语式,结合教学的实际情况,分析新视野大学英语第一册第二单元Deep Concern标题的恰当性,旨在通过分析标题,培养学生的语篇意识,提高学生在不同语域下使用语言的能力。

母语负迁移对翻译实践的影响——以“concern”一词的汉译为例

对于中国学习者而言,英语学习受到汉语的负迁移影响。英汉翻译实践过程中,母语负迁移的干扰也无法避免。基于翻译教学实践,以"concern"一词的汉译为例,从词汇习得层面探索母语负迁移对英汉翻译实践的影响,有利于提高翻译教学质量。

Climate Change:Concerns,Beliefs and Emotions in Residents,Experts,Decision Makers,Tourists,and Tourist Industry

The aim was to investigate effects of different groups of individuals (residents, tourists, experts, decision makers and members of tourist industry) and demographic variables (gender, age, education) on climate change-related concerns, beliefs and emotions. In line with the predictions: 1) Experts were shown to be least concerned for and afraid of climate change impact;2) Youngest participants were found to be most, and oldest least, concerned for their future;3) Women were shown to be more concerned for and afraid of the consequences of climate change;and 4) Men and the least educated participants believed their jobs to be more threatened by the environmental laws and protection, and the latter ones believed moreover that the claims about climate change are exaggerated. Implications of these findings for value orientations and their relationships to environmental concerns, beliefs and emotions are discussed.