Application of Flipped Classroom Combined with PBL Teaching Method in the Teaching of Respiratory Intensive Care Unit Nursing

Objective:The aim is to investigate the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning(PBL)teaching method in the teaching of respiratory intensive care unit nursing.Methods:100 fresh nursing students who were interned in the respiratory intensive care unit of our hospital from June 2020 to May 2022 were selected and randomly divided into 50 students in the control group and 50 students in the experimental group.The students in the control group were taught by PBL teaching method,and the students in the experimental group were taught by flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method.After the completion of the teaching,the teachers combined the performance of the two groups of students,and scored them comprehensively in terms of their professional theoretical knowledge,clinical operation skills,independent learning ability,and teamwork ability,and carried out a survey of the experimental group’s students in terms of their satisfaction with the understanding of theoretical knowledge,clinical operation,independent learning ability,teamwork ability,and other dimensions.Results:There was no statistical significance in the specialized theoretical knowledge scores of the two groups of students(P>0.05).The scores of clinical operation,independent learning ability,and teamwork ability of the two groups of students were statistically significant(P<0.05),and all the scores of the students in the experimental group were higher than that of the control group.More than 90%of the students believed that the flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method could assist in the comprehension of theoretical knowledge,improve the clinical operation skills,enhance the ability of independent learning and teamwork;there were 92%of the students supported the use of flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching in respiratory intensive care unit nursing teaching.Conclusion:In the teaching of respiratory intensive care unit nursing,the use of flipped classroom combined with PBL teaching method can improve the learning effect of students,and has certain value in teaching.

Effect of the Early Introduction of Mild Mobilization Performed by Nurses on the Recovery of Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Rationale: Recent studies have reported the effectiveness of the early introduction of rehabilitation for preventing muscle weakness in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The early introduction of full-scale rehabilitation by a physical therapist is difficult in some cases because of disease severity and/or patient conditions. However, mild mobilization by a nurse (MMN), as a part of standard care performed, may have a positive effect on patient recovery. We examined the effect of the early introduction of MMN on the recovery of patients in the ICU. Methods: We retrospectively examined patients admitted to Niigata University Hospital’s ICU during between April 2014 and March 2015 who were receiving mechanical ventilation for 7 days or more. Patients were divided into two groups according to the date of initiation of MMN: group L comprised patients for whom MMN was started after 72 hours and group E comprised patients for whom MMN was started within 72 hours after ICU admission. The data were analyzed using the Fisher test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon test. Statistical significance was defined as P Results: Sixty-three patients were included: 42 patients in group L and 21 in group E. There was no significant difference between the two groups in patients’ background, including the type of illness, steroid use, presence of sepsis or diabetes, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score on ICU admission;however, the SOFA score at ICU discharge was significantly decreased in group E compared to that in group L (6.21 versus 4.30;P = 0.034). Conclusion: Our results indicate that MMN may reduce disease severity if started within 72 hours after ICU admission.

Prevention of stress-related ulcer bleeding at the intensive care unit: Risks and benefits of stress ulcer prophylaxis

Stress-related mucosal disease is a typical complication of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit(ICU). It poses a risk of clinically relevant upper gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding. Therefore, stress ulcer prophylaxis(SUP)is recommended in high-risk patients, especially those mechanically ventilated > 48 h and those with a manifest coagulopathy. Proton pump inhibitors(PPI) and, less effectively, histamine 2 receptor antagonists(H2RA) prevent GI bleeding in critically ill patients in the ICU. However, the routine use of pharmacological SUP does not reduce overall mortality in ICU patients. Moreover, recent studies revealed that SUP in the ICU might be associated with potential harm such as an increased risk of infectious complications, especially nosocomial pneumonia and Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Additionally, special populations such as patients with liver cirrhosis may even have an increased mortality rate if treated with PPI. Likewise, PPI can be toxic for both the liver and the bone marrow, and some PPI show clinically relevant interactions with important other drugs like clopidogrel. Therefore, the agent of choice, the specific balance of risks and benefits for individual patients as well as the possible dose of PPI has to be chosen carefully. Alternatives to PPI prophylaxis include H2 RA and/or sucralfate. Instead of routine SUP, further trials should investigate risk-adjusted algorithms, balancing benefits and threats of SUP medication in the ICU.

Translation and piloting of the Chinese Mandarin version of an intensive care-specific pressure injury risk assessment tool(the COMHON Index)

Objective:To translate an intensive care-specific pressure injury risk assessment tool(the COMHON Index)from English into Chinese Mandarin.Methods:A four-step approach to instrument translation was utilised:1)English-Mandarin forward-translation by three independent bilinguists;2)Mandarin-English back-translation by two other inde-pendent bilinguists;3)comparison of forward and back-translations,identification of discrepancies,with required amendments returned to step one;and 4)piloting of the translated instrument.The pilot study was undertaken in a Chinese surgical intensive care unit with a convenience sample of 20 nurses.A five-point ordinal scale(1=very difficult;5=very easy)was used to assess ease-of-use and understanding.Translations were retained where medians4 indicated use and understanding was easy to very easy.Results:Five iterations of steps 1 to 3,and two sets of amendments to the original English instrument,were required to achieve translation consensus prior to pilot testing.Subscale scoring,sum scoring,and risk categorisation were documented in most pilot assessments(≥80%),but three sum scores were incorrectly tallied.The overall tool and all subscales were easy to use and understand(medians≥4),and most assessments(16/20,80%)took5 min to complete.Thus,translations were retained,with minor amendments made to instrument instructions for scoring and risk categorisation.Conclusions:An easy-to-use Chinese Mandarin intensive care-specific pressure injury risk assessment tool has been introduced through cross-cultural translation.However,it requires further testing of interrater reliability and agreement.A rigorous translation and reporting exemplar is presented that provides guidance for future translations.

Predictive risk scales for development of pressure ulcers in pediatric patients admitted to general ward and intensive care unit

BACKGROUND More than ten special scales are available to predict the risk of pressure ulcers in children.However,the performances of those scales have not yet been compared in China.AIM To compare the Waterlow,Braden Q,and Glamorgan scales,and identify more suitable pressure ulcer evaluation scale for the pediatric intensive care unit(PICU).METHODS Trained nurses used the Waterlow,Braden Q,and Glamorgan scales to assess pediatric patients at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital(China)within 24 h of admission from May 2017 to December 2020 in two stages.Skin examination was carried out to identify pressure ulcers every 3 d for 3 wk.RESULTS The incidence of pressure ulcers was 3/28(10.7%)in the PICU and 5/314(1.6%)in the general pediatric ward.For children in the general ward,the Waterlow,Braden Q,and Glamorgan scales had comparable area under the operating characteristic curve(AUC)of 0.870,0.924,and 0.923,respectively,and optimal cut-off values of 14,14,and 29 points.For PICU,the Waterlow,Braden Q,and Glamorgan scales had slightly lower AUC of 0.833,0.733,and 0.800,respectively,and optimal cut-off values of 13,16,and 27 points.Braden Q demonstrated a satisfactory specificity,and during the second stage of the study for PICU patients,the AUC of the Braden Q scale was 0.810,with an optimal cut-off value of 18.35 points.CONCLUSION The Waterlow,Braden Q,and Glamorgan scales have comparable performance while the Braden Q scale demonstrates a better specificity and can be successfully used by pediatric nurses to identify patients at high risk of pressure ulcers in PICU.

Management of sepsis in a cirrhotic patient admitted to the intensive care unit:A systematic literature review

BACKGROUND Sepsis is a severe medical condition that occurs when the body's immune system overreacts to an infection,leading to life-threatening organ dysfunction.The"Third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock(Sepsis-3)"defines sepsis as an increase in sequential organ failure assessment score of 2 points or more,with a mortality rate above 10%.Sepsis is a leading cause of intensive care unit(ICU)admissions,and patients with underlying conditions such as cirrhosis have a higher risk of poor outcomes.Therefore,it is critical to recognize and manage sepsis promptly by administering fluids,vasopressors,steroids,and antibiotics,and identifying and treating the source of infection.AIM To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature on the management of sepsis in cirrhotic patients admitted to the ICU and compare the management of sepsis between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients in the ICU.METHODS This study is a systematic literature review that followed the PRISMA statement's standardized search method.The search for relevant studies was conducted across multiple databases,including PubMed,Embase,Base,and Cochrane,using predefined search terms.One reviewer conducted the initial search,and the eligibility criteria were applied to the titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles.The selected articles were then evaluated based on the research objectives to ensure relevance to the study's aims.RESULTS The study findings indicate that cirrhotic patients are more susceptible to infections,resulting in higher mortality rates ranging from 18%to 60%.Early identification of the infection source followed by timely administration of antibiotics,vasopressors,and corticosteroids has been shown to improve patient outcomes.Procalcitonin is a useful biomarker for diagnosing infections in cirrhotic patients.Moreover,presepsin and resistin have been found to be reliable markers of bacterial infection in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis,with similar diagnostic performance compared to procalcitonin.CONCLUSION This review highlights the importance of early detection and management of infections in cirrhosis patients to reduce mortality.Therefore,early detection of infection using procalcitonin test and other biomarker as presepsin and resistin,associated with early management with antibiotics,fluids,vasopressors and low dose corticosteroids might reduce the mortality associated with sepsis in cirrhotic patients.

Major liver resections,perioperative issues and posthepatectomy liver failure:A comprehensive update for the anesthesiologist

Significant advances in surgical techniques and relevant medium-and long-term outcomes over the past two decades have led to a substantial expansion in the indications for major liver resections.To support these outstanding results and to reduce perioperative complications,anesthesiologists must address and master key perioperative issues(preoperative assessment,proactive intraoperative anesthesia strategies,and implementation of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery approach).Intensive care unit monitoring immediately following liver surgery remains a subject of active and often unresolved debate.Among postoperative complications,posthepatectomy liver failure(PHLF)occurs in different grades of severity(A-C)and frequency(9%-30%),and it is the main cause of 90-d postoperative mortality.PHLF,recently redefined with pragmatic clinical criteria and perioperative scores,can be predicted,prevented,or anticipated.This review highlights:(1)The systemic consequences of surgical manipulations anesthesiologistsmust respond to or prevent,to positively impact PHLF(a proactive approach);and(2)the maximal intensivetreatment of PHLF,including artificial options,mainly based,so far,on Acute Liver Failure treatment(s),to buytime waiting for the recovery of the native liver or,when appropriate and in very selected cases,toward livertransplant.Such a clinical context requires a strong commitment to surgeons,anesthesiologists,and intensivists towork together,for a fruitful collaboration in a mandatory clinical continuum.

Perceptions of Collaboration and Satisfaction with Collaboration Regarding Care Decision-Making in Intensive Care Units in Japan: A National Survey

Multi-professional collaboration is being promoted worldwide as a response to the need for sophisticated medical care and for catering to patients’ diverse needs. Patients in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are seriously ill, and their families may be at risk depending on the patient’s situation. Considering these characteristics of patients and families, there is a strong need for multi-professional collaboration within ICUs. The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine recognition and other factors related to collaboration and satisfaction involving care decisions in Japanese ICUs. A mail survey about collaboration of activities and systems was sent to physicians, clinical engineers, and nurses working in ICUs in Japan, 387 consented to participate in this study. Results showed that satisfaction scores were generally high among the three aforementioned professions, but collaboration scores on deciding care for patients showed significant differences (p < 0.05). The total collaboration score was the highest among physicians (36.7 ± 6.7 points), followed by nurses (32.8 ± 7.4 points), and CEs (32.8 ± 7.4 points). The factors that commonly affected collaboration scores were the satisfaction score and the ability to collaborate with other professionals and set team medical care as a goal. Moreover, it is worth noting that the degree of difficulty in collaboration negatively affected this factor. On the other hand, other factors differed among the three professions, suggesting that the purpose and need for collaboration differ depending on the profession.

Care Measures and Health Outcomes in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit in Brazil

Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries, including Brazil, conditions that favor mortality in the PICU remain significant. Compared to developed countries, there is a shortage of skilled human resources, lower availability of technological resources, greater difficulty of access and a higher incidence of infections, including both those acquired prior to admission and those resulting from treatment and hospitalization (i.e., healthcare-associated infections (HAIs)). HAIs in the PICU include ventilator-associated pneumonia and catheter-related bloodstream infections. Actions for the prevention of HAIs can minimize the occurrence of negative outcomes. Materials and Methods: This is an epidemiological study comparing admissions at the PICU of a high-complexity hospital in South Brazil over two three-year periods: 2012-2014 (before the measures were adopted) and 2015-2017 (after the measures). The care measures were adopted mainly at the beginning of 2015 and consisted of expansion of physical therapy care, adoption of care protocols, acquisition of new materials and equipment (transparent dressings for central catheters, high-tech mechanical ventilators and multiparametric monitors) and multidisciplinary team training. The frequency of the outcomes mortality, length of PICU stay, diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infection, need for and duration of ventilatory support and diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia were compared between the two trienniums using logistic regression with adjustment for age in months and need of vasoactive drugs. Results: A total of 1140 admissions were analyzed (470 in the first triennium and 670 in the second), representing an increase in the admission rate of 42.6% after the adoption of the measures. After adjustments, significant reductions in the frequency of mortality (adjusted OR [adjOR] = 0.54;CI 95%: 0.34 - 0.84), length of PICU stay > 7 days (adjOR = 0.75;CI 95%: 0.57 - 0.97) and duration of ventilatory support > 7 days (adjOR = 0.54;CI 95%: 0.39 - 0.74) were observed. Conclusion: The results indicate the benefits of care measures for children admitted to the PICU in terms of a reduction in adverse events and expansion of access.

Prediction of hospital mortality in intensive care unit patients from clinical and laboratory data: A machine learning approach

BACKGROUND Intensive care unit(ICU)patients demand continuous monitoring of several clinical and laboratory parameters that directly influence their medical progress and the staff’s decision-making.Those data are vital in the assistance of these patients,being already used by several scoring systems.In this context,machine learning approaches have been used for medical predictions based on clinical data,which includes patient outcomes.AIM To develop a binary classifier for the outcome of death in ICU patients based on clinical and laboratory parameters,a set formed by 1087 instances and 50 variables from ICU patients admitted to the emergency department was obtained in the“WiDS(Women in Data Science)Datathon 2020:ICU Mortality Prediction”dataset.METHODS For categorical variables,frequencies and risk ratios were calculated.Numerical variables were computed as means and standard deviations and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed.We then divided the data into a training(80%)and test(20%)set.The training set was used to train a predictive model based on the Random Forest algorithm and the test set was used to evaluate the predictive effectiveness of the model.RESULTS A statistically significant association was identified between need for intubation,as well predominant systemic cardiovascular involvement,and hospital death.A number of the numerical variables analyzed(for instance Glasgow Coma Score punctuations,mean arterial pressure,temperature,pH,and lactate,creatinine,albumin and bilirubin values)were also significantly associated with death outcome.The proposed binary Random Forest classifier obtained on the test set(n=218)had an accuracy of 80.28%,sensitivity of 81.82%,specificity of 79.43%,positive predictive value of 73.26%,negative predictive value of 84.85%,F1 score of 0.74,and area under the curve score of 0.85.The predictive variables of the greatest importance were the maximum and minimum lactate values,adding up to a predictive importance of 15.54%.CONCLUSION We demonstrated the efficacy of a Random Forest machine learning algorithm for handling clinical and laboratory data from patients under intensive monitoring.Therefore,we endorse the emerging notion that machine learning has great potential to provide us support to critically question existing methodologies,allowing improvements that reduce mortality.

Sequential organ failure assessment score is superior to other prognostic indices in acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common surgical condition,with severe AP(SAP)potentially lethal.Many prognostic indices,including;acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score(APACHE II),bedside index of severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP),Glasgow score,harmless acute pancreatitis score(HAPS),Ranson’s score,and sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)evaluate AP severity and predict mortality.AIM To evaluate these indices'utility in predicting severity,intensive care unit(ICU)admission,and mortality.METHODS A retrospective analysis of 653 patients with AP from July 2009 to September 2016 was performed.The demographic,clinical profile,and patient outcomes were collected.SAP was defined as per the revised Atlanta classification.Values for APACHE II score,BISAP,HAPS,and SOFA within 24 h of admission were retrospectively obtained based on laboratory results and patient evaluation recorded on a secure hospital-based online electronic platform.Data with<10%missing data was imputed via mean substitution.Other patient information such as demographics,disease etiology,and patient outcomes were also derived from electronic medical records.RESULTS The mean age was 58.7±17.5 years,with 58.7%males.Gallstones(n=404,61.9%),alcohol(n=38,5.8%),and hypertriglyceridemia(n=19,2.9%)were more common aetiologies.81(12.4%)patients developed SAP,20(3.1%)required ICU admission,and 12(1.8%)deaths were attributed to SAP.Ranson’s score and APACHE-II demonstrated the highest sensitivity in predicting SAP(92.6%,80.2%respectively),ICU admission(100%),and mortality(100%).While SOFA and BISAP demonstrated lowest sensitivity in predicting SAP(13.6%,24.7%respectively),ICU admission(40.0%,25.0%respectively)and mortality(50.0%,25.5%respectively).However,SOFA demonstrated the highest specificity in predicting SAP(99.7%),ICU admission(99.2%),and mortality(98.9%).SOFA demonstrated the highest positive predictive value,positive likelihood ratio,diagnostic odds ratio,and overall accuracy in predicting SAP,ICU admission,and mortality.SOFA and Ranson’s score demonstrated the highest area under receiver-operator curves at 48 h in predicting SAP(0.966,0.857 respectively),ICU admission(0.943,0.946 respectively),and mortality(0.968,0.917 respectively).CONCLUSION The SOFA and 48-h Ranson’s scores accurately predict severity,ICU admission,and mortality in AP,with more favorable statistics for the SOFA score.

Unplanned intensive care admission leading to an adverse event:Incidence,preventability and feature analysis

Objective:To compare the characteristics of patients between adverse event(AE)group and non-AE group,and to assess the causes,preventability,and severity of AE.Methods:A retrospective triple-phase medical record study was conducted at a Spanish tertiary hospital.Data was collected over a 6-month period,including all patients with an unplanned intensive care admission.Demographic characteristics,APACHEⅡ,length of ICU stay,mortality were compare between AE and non-AE group causes,preventability and severity were analyzed in AE cases.Results:597 Patients were included in the study.The overall incidence of AEs was 17.3%(n=103),of which 83.5%were considered preventable.Mortality within the AE group was higher than in the non-AE group(23.3%vs.13.6%),making it 1.7 times more frequent in the AE group(95%CI:1.143-2.071).The primary cause of AE was associated with surgical procedures(43.7%).Of the AEs,18.4%were classified as mild,58.3%as moderate,and 23.3%as severe.Conclusions:The incidence of unplanned intensive care admissions due to AE is high and potentially preventable.This is concerning given the high mortality observed in patients admitted to the intensive care unit because of an AE,although direct causality cannot always be established.The findings emphasize the importance of patient safety and underscore the need for improved quality and management of care resources.They also indicate where efforts should be directed to enhance care risk management.

ICU患者暴露性角膜炎风险评估量表的编制及信效度检验

目的编制ICU患者暴露性角膜炎风险评估量表,并检验其信度和效度。方法基于循证系统查阅文献编制量表初始条目池;通过2轮德尔菲专家函询,形成初始版量表;采用方便抽样法选取298例ICU患者,采用暴露性角膜炎风险评估量表进行调查,对量表信效度进行检验,并绘制受试者工作特征曲线确定最佳临界值。结果ICU患者暴露性角膜炎风险评估量表包括3个维度、12个条目;2轮函询专家积极系数分别为100%和80.95%,权威系数为0.892、0.888,肯德尔和谐系数为0.364和0.492;量表整体的Cronbach′sα系数为0.834,折半信度为0.795,评定者间信度0.841,内容效度为0.917;最佳临界值为8.5分,受试者工作特征曲线下面积为0.925。结论ICU患者暴露性角膜炎风险评估量具有良好的信效度,可用于ICU患者暴露性角膜炎的风险评估。

ICU护士对人工气道患者微误吸的评估现状及障碍因素

目的调查ICU护士对人工气道患者微误吸的评估现状,分析阻碍评估工作的影响因素。方法纳入广西14家三甲医院626名ICU护士作为研究对象。采用自制问卷调查ICU护士的一般资料、对人工气道患者微误吸的评估现状、评估人工气道患者微误吸的障碍因素。结果(1)70.3%(440/626)的ICU护士护理过发生微误吸的人工气道患者,66.0%(413/626)的ICU护士主动评估过人工气道患者微误吸的发生情况;分别有52.1%(326/626)、36.7%(230/626)、11.2%(70/626)的ICU护士认为可通过临床经验、痰液检验、医生诊断来识别微误吸;只有35.0%(219/626)的ICU护士接受过人工气道患者微误吸相关培训;有54.2%(339/626)的ICU护士认为人工气道相关知识不能满足临床工作需要。(2)ICU护士的个人层面障碍因素总均分为(2.49±0.86)分,最主要的障碍因素是个人缺乏相关知识;组织层面障碍因素总均分为(3.06±0.78)分,最主要的障碍因素是科室缺乏评估工具和条件;患者层面障碍因素总均分为(2.67±0.75)分,最主要的障碍因素是认为患者病情严重。(3)年龄≤25岁的ICU护士的人工气道患者微误吸评估障碍因素总得分高于年龄>25~35岁、年龄>45岁的ICU护士(P<0.05)。在护理过发生微误吸的人工气道患者、主动评估过人工气道患者微误吸发生情况、接受过人工气道患者微误吸相关培训、认为掌握的人工气道患者微误吸相关知识不能满足临床工作需要、对人工气道患者微误吸的重视程度应与ICU其他并发症一样等方面,持否定态度的ICU护士的人工气道患者微误吸评估障碍因素总得分高于持肯定态度的ICU护士(P<0.05)。结论目前ICU护士对人工气道患者微误吸评估的执行率较低,主要的阻碍因素是个人缺乏相关知识和技能、科室缺乏评估工具和条件等。

风险评估护理干预在连续性肾脏替代治疗重症监护病房危重患者中的应用

目的:探讨风险评估护理干预在连续性肾脏替代治疗(continuous renal replacement therapy,CRRT)重症监护病房(Intensive Care Unit,ICU)危重患者中的应用。方法:选取2021年1月—2023年12月宁夏医科大学总医院ICU收治的行CRRT的105例危重患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为对照组(n=51)和观察组(n=54)。其中对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组采用风险评估护理干预。比较两组护理效果,干预前后改良早期预警评分(modified early warning score,MEWS)、汉化ICU活动量表(ICU mobility scale,IMS)评分及并发症发生率。结果:观察组管路使用时间长于对照组,报警频次少于对照组,非计划性下机率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组MEWS评分较干预前降低,且观察组较对照组更低,两组IMS评分较干预前升高,且观察组较对照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为7.41%,低于对照组的21.57%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:CRRT ICU危重患者采用风险评估护理干预能延长管路使用时间,减少报警频次与非计划性下机,并增强肢体活动功能,降低并发症发生率。

基于重症监护室临床带教实践浅谈“教”与“学”的不足及改进策略

重症监护室临床带教是我国医学生临床实习内容的重要组成部分,也是急危重症医学储备人才培养的必经阶段。笔者梳理了安徽中医药大学第一附属医院重症监护室临床带教实践中“教”与“学”中存在的不足,提出改进策略。以期提高所在医院重症医学专业临床带教教学水平,培养出高素质的急危重医学储备人才。

基于肠内营养耐受性评估表的早期肠内营养支持对重症监护病房患者疾病治疗的价值研究

目的:探讨基于肠内营养耐受性评估表的早期肠内营养(EEN)支持对重症监护病房(ICU)患者疾病治疗的价值。方法:选取EEN支持治疗的ICU患者100例,根据数字表法随机分为对照组(50例)与观察组(50例)。对照组给予常规EEN治疗,观察组基于肠内营养耐受性评估表指导EEN治疗。比较两组喂养不耐受症状发生情况、EEN治疗后第4、7天的热卡达标率、干预前和干预7 d后营养状况指标以及预后指标。结果:观察组喂养不耐受症状总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组第7天热卡达标率高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预7 d后,两组白蛋白、总蛋白较干预前升高,且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05);对照组血红蛋白较干预前降低,且观察组高于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组总住院时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于肠内营养耐受性评估表的EEN支持治疗能够减少ICU患者喂养不耐受症状的发生,改善营养状况,减少患者住院时间,有利于患者预后。

理查兹-坎贝尔睡眠量表的护患一致性评估研究

目的:调查重症监护室病人自我报告的睡眠质量情况及每日评估睡眠的可行性,探究病人与护士分别使用理查兹-坎贝尔睡眠量表(Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire,RCSQ)评估病人夜间睡眠质量的一致性。方法:选取2022年10月—2023年7月在我院重症监护室(ICU)住院的140例重症监护病人,采用RCSQ分别由护士对病人和病人对自身完成夜间睡眠质量评价,采用配对t检验、组内相关系数(ICC)、Bland-Altman图比较护患评价的一致性。结果:最终共收集到101例病人的727份睡眠报告,总睡眠平均分为52.28分,93例(92.1%)病人至少完成了1次报告,80例(79.2%)病人提供2次及以上的报告。101例病人共完成299次护患配对评估,ICC为0.31~0.59,相关性介于一般到中等,在睡眠深度、睡眠觉醒、重回睡眠、总分上,护士得分高于病人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用RCSQ评估睡眠可行性高。睡眠报告表明重症监护室病人睡眠质量低,护士倾向高估病人感知的睡眠质量。

ICU成人患者静脉血管通路装置评估与选择的最佳证据总结

目的系统检索、评价并整合ICU成人患者静脉血管通路装置评估与选择的最佳证据。方法依据PIPOST确立循证问题,按照“6S”金字塔模型系统检索相关数据库中ICU成人患者血管通路装置评估与适宜性选择的相关决策、指南、专家共识、证据总结、推荐实践、系统评价及原始研究等。检索时间为2018年6月1日至2023年6月1日。由2名经过循证护理培训的研究者对纳入文献独立进行文献质量评价与证据提取。结果共纳入14篇文献,其中临床决策3篇,证据总结1篇,指南4篇,专家共识4篇,随机对照试验2篇。共提取9个主题总结出34条最佳证据。结论ICU成人患者血管通路装置评估与选择的最佳证据总结可以为医护人员临床决策提供借鉴,但临床情境复杂多样,应根据患者病情变化及其自身情况适当调整选择策略。

ICU病人机械通气期间规范化气道管理方案的构建

目的:构建重症监护室(ICU)病人机械通气期间规范化气道管理方案。方法:通过回顾性分析机械通气病人气道管理的国内外文献及进行德尔菲专家函询,构建ICU病人机械通气期间规范化气道管理方案。结果:共进行2轮专家函询,问卷回收率分别为100.00%和91.67%,专家权威系数分别为0.803和0.829,第2轮专家函询后方案总体的肯德尔和谐系数为0.328(P<0.001)。最终形成的ICU病人机械通气期间规范化气道管理方案包括5项一级指标、12项二级指标、36项三级指标。结论:构建的ICU病人机械通气期间规范化气道管理方案具有可靠性、科学性、实用性。