A comparative study for petroleum removal capacities of the bacterial consortia entrapped in sodium alginate,sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol),and bushnell haas agar

The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the degradation efficiencies of free and entrapped bacterial consortia(Staphylococcus capitis CP053957.1 and Achromobacter marplatensis MT078618.1)to different polymers such as Sodium Alginate(SA),Sodium Alginate/Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)(SA/PVA),and Bushnell Haas Agar(BHA).In addition to SA and SA/PVA,which are cost-effective,non-toxic and have different functional groups,BHA,which is frequently encountered in laboratory-scale studies but has not been used as an entrapment material until now.Based on these,the polymers with different surface morphologies and chemical compositions were analyzed by SEM and FT-IR.While the petroleum removal efficiency was higher with the entrapped bacterial consortia than with the free one,BHA-entrapped bacterial consortium enhanced the petroleum removal more than SA and SA/PVA.Accordingly,the degradation rate of bacterial consortia entrapped with BHA was 2.039 day^(-1),SA/PVA was 1.560,SA was 0.993,the half-life period of BHA-entrapped bacterial consortia is quite low(t_(1/2)=0.339)compared with SA(t_(1/2)=0.444)and SA/PVA(t_(1/2)=0.697).The effects of the four main factors such as:amount of BHA(0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3 g),disc size(4,5,6,7,8 mm),inoculum concentration(1,2.5,5,7.5,10 mL),and incubation period on petroleum removal were also investigated.The maximum petroleum removal(94.5%)was obtained at≥2.5 mL of bacterial consortium entrapped in 2 g BHA with a 7 mm disc size at 168 h and the results were also confirmed by statistical analysis.Although a decrease was observed during the reuse of bacterial consortium entrapped in BHA,the petroleum removal was still above 50%at 10th cycle.Based on GC-MS analysis,the removal capacity of BHA-entrapped consortium was over 90%for short-chain n-alkanes and 80%for medium-chain n-alkanes.Overall,the obtained data are expected to provide a potential guideline in cleaning up the large-scale oil pollution in the future.Since there has been no similar study investigating petroleum removal with the bacterial consortia entrapped with BHA,this novel entrapment material can potentially be used in the treatment of petroleum pollution in advanced remediation studies.

Unicorn Consortia系统中出现的缺题名问题的分析

简要介绍了天津高校图书馆Unicorn Consortia系统的概况,分析了在图书编目中利用Z39.50下载书目数据时产生的缺题名问题,并提出了有效的解决办法。

Production and application of a novel bioflocculant by multiple-microorganism consortia using brewery wastewater as carbon source

The flocculating activity of a novel bioflocculant MMF1 produced by multiple-microorganism consortia MM1 was investigated. MM1 was composed of strain BAFRT4 identified as Staphylococcus sp. and strain CYGS1 identified as Pseudomonas sp. The flocculating activity of MMF1 isolated from the screening medium was 82.9%, which is remarkably higher than that of the bioflocculant produced by either of the strains under the same condition. Brewery wastewater was also used as the carbon source for MM1, and the cost-effective production medium for MM1 mainly comprised 1.0 L brewery water （chemical oxygen demand （COD） 5000 mg/L）, 0.5 g/L urea, 0.5 g/L yeast extract, and 0.2 g/L （NH4）2SO4. The optimal conditions for the production of MMF1 was inoculum size 2%, initial pH 6.0, cultivating temperature 30℃, and shaking speed 160 r/min, under which the flocculating activity of the MMF1 reached 96.8%. Fifteen grams of purified bioflocculant could be recovered from 1.0 L of fermentation broth. MMF1 was identified as a macromolecular substance containing both protein and polysaccharide. It showed good flocculating performance in treating indigotin printing and dyeing wastewater, and the maximal removal efficiencies of COD and chroma were 79.2% and 86.5%, respectively.

Effect of Domestic Wastewater as Co-Substrate on Biological Stain Wastewater Treatment Using Fungal/Bacterial Consortia in Pilot Plant and Greenhouse Reuse

In this study, a pilot wastewater treatment plant was used to evaluate the co-treatment of biological-staining residues and domestic wastewater under non-sterile conditions. A novel microbial consortia formed by Trametes versicolor, Trametes sp, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas azotoformans, Pseudomonas sp, Enterobacter xianfangensis and Bacillus subtillis was inoculated in an extended aeration type bio-reactor. The treatment units were operated during three consecutive cycles during a period of 147 h. After the last operating cycle, the concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Color Units, Total suspended solids, and the pH value were 1695 mg/L, 105 mg/L, 106 CU, 5), 1367 (CU), 566 mg/L (TSS) and 7.0 (pH) respectively. The reduction of pollutants load was related with the ratio of the two types of wastewater (3.5:0.5) combined to increase biodegradability, the concentration of fungi and bacteria used in the consortia (30 × 103 - 55 × 106 CUF/mL Total Fungi and 70 × 107 - 83 × 108 CFU/mL of Total Bacteria) and ligninolytic enzymes production, Laccase (13 - 96 U/L), MnP (9.8 - 39 U/L) and LiP (0.3 - 5.3 U/L). The post-treated effluent was used as irrigation water. Lolium perenne plants were watered during 60 days with post-treated effluent. The results of root weight showed that there are significant differences between the initial water and the effluent obtained after the operational cycles (p = 0.00470). The highest root weights (1 - 1.12 g) were found in plants irrigated with water obtained from the last treatment cycle.

Research on impetus of purchasing consortia based on related total cost

By comparing the related total cost before and after the formation of purchasing consortia, the impetus of formation is analyzed. Moreover, pointed to different transportation and storage policies, the formation impetus is studied in detail and some conclusions are arrived at. Finally the research orientation of the formation impetus of purchasing consortia is exploratory presented under more complicated conditions, and purchasing consortia in more cross-zones and multi-segment will occur in China.

Construction of algal-bacterial consortia using green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and As(Ⅲ)-oxidizing bacteria:As tolerance and metabolomic profiling

Bioremediation became a promising technology to resolve arsenic(As)contamination in aquatic environment.Since monoculture such as microalgae or bacteria was sensitive to environmental disturbance and vulnerable to contamination,green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris and arsenite(As(Ⅲ))-oxidizing bacteria Pseudomonas sp.SMS11 were co-cultured to construct algal-bacterial consortia in the current study.The effects of algae-bacteria(A:B)ratio and exposure As(Ⅲ)concentration on algal growth,As speciation and metabolomic profile were investigated.Algal growth arrested when treated with 100 mg/L As(Ⅲ)without the co-cultured bacteria.By contrast,co-cultured with strain SMS11 significantly enhanced As tolerance in C.vulgaris especially with A:B ratio of 1:10.All the As(Ⅲ)in culture media of the consortia were oxidized into As(Ⅴ)on day 7.Methylation of As was observed on day 14.Over 1% and 0.5% of total As were converted into dimethylarsinic acid(DMA)after 21days cultivation when the initial concentrations of As(Ⅲ)were 1 and 10 mg/L,respectively.Metabolomic analysis was further performed to reveal the response of consortia metabolites to external As(Ⅲ).The enriched metabolomic pathways were associated with carbohydrate,amino acid and energy metabolisms.Tricarboxylic acid cycle and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were upregulated under As stress due to their biological functions on alleviating oxidative stress and protecting cells.Both carbohydrate and amino acid metabolisms provided precursors and potential substrates for energy production and cell protection under abiotic stress.Alterations of the pathways relevant to carbohydrate or amino acid metabolism were triggered by energy requirement.

Unicorn Consortia联合图书馆系统的应用研究

论述Unicorn Consortia联合图书馆系统在天津市17所高校图书馆的具体应用和该系统的内涵形式与功能特性。阐述成员馆向联合图书馆系统平台切换的参数制定、数据合并上载、数据典藏、培训认证、系统切换等实施过程,分析该系统的管理体系和管理机制,并提出相应的管理方法。

Design and construction of synthetic microbial consortia in China

The rapid development of synthetic biology enables the design,construction and optimization of synthetic microbial consortia to achieve specific functions.In China,the“973”project-“Design and Construction of Microbial Consortia”was funded by the National Basic Research Program of China in January 2014.It was proposed to address the fundamental challenges in engineering natural microbial consortia and reconstructing microbial consortia to meet industrial demands.In this review,we will introduce this“973”project,including the significance of microbial consortia,the fundamental scientific issues,the recent research progresses,and some case studies about synthetic microbial consortia in the past two and a half years.

Bistability and oscillations in co-repressive synthetic microbial consortia

Background： Synthetic microbial consortia are conglomerations of genetically engineered microbes programmed to cooperatively bring about population-level phenotypes. By coordinating their activity, the constituent strains can display emergent behaviors that are difficult to engineer into isogenic populations. To do so, strains are engineered to communicate with one another through intercellular signaling pathways that depend on cell density. Methods： Here, we used computational modeling to examine how the behavior of synthetic microbial consortia results from the interplay between population dynamics governed by cell growth and internal transcriptional dynamics governed by cell-ceil signaling. Specifically, we examined a synthetic microbial consortium in which two strains each produce signals that down-regulate transcription in the other. Within a single strain this regulatory topology is called a ＂co-repressive toggle switch＂ and can lead to bistability. Results： We found that in co-repressive synthetic microbial consortia the existence and stability of different states depend on population-level dynamics. As the two strains passively compete for space within the colony, their relative fractions fluctuate and thus alter the strengths of intercellular signals. These fluctuations drive the consortium to alternative equilibria. Additionally, if the growth rates of the strains depend on their transcriptional states, an additional feedback loop is created that can generate oscillations. Conclusions： Our findings demonstrate that the dynamics of microbial consortia cannot be predicted from their regulatory topologies alone, but are also determined by interactions between the strains. Therefore, when designing synthetic microbial consortia that use intercellular signaling, one must account for growth variations caused by the production of protein.

Construction of synthetic microbial consortia for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid biosynthesis

Currently,the establishment of synthetic microbial consortia with rational strategies has gained extensive attention,becoming one of the important frontiers of synthetic biology.Systems biology can offer insights into the design and construction of synthetic microbial consortia.Taking the high-efficiency production of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid(2-KLG)as an example,we constructed a synthetic microbial consortium“Saccharomyces cerevisiae-Ketogulonigenium vulgare”based on systems biology analysis.In the consortium,K.vulgare was the 2-KLG pro-ducing strain,and S.cerevisiae acted as the helper strain.Comparative transcriptomic analysis was performed on an engineered S.cerevisiae(VTC2)and a wild-type S.cerevisiae BY4741.The results showed that the up-regulated genes in VTC2,compared with BY4741,were mainly involved in glycolysis,TCA cycle,purine metabolism,and biosynthesis of amino acids,B vitamins,and antioxidant proteases,all of which play important roles in pro-moting the growth of K.vulgare.Furthermore,Vitamin C produced by VTC2 could further relieve the oxidative stress in the environment to increase the production of 2-KLG.Therefore,VTC2 would be of great advantage in working with K.vulgare.Thus,the synthetic microbial consortium"VTC2-K.vulgare"was constructed based on transcriptomics analyses,and the accumulation of 2-KLG was increased by 1.49-fold compared with that of mono-cultured K.vulgare,reaching 13.2±0.52 g/L.In addition,the increased production of 2-KLG was accompanied by the up-regulated activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the medium and the up-regulated oxidative stress-related genes(sod,cat and gpd)in K.vulgare.The results indicated that the oxida-tive stress in the synthetic microbial consortium was efficiently reduced.Thus,systems analysis confirmed a favorable symbiotic relationship between microorganisms,providing guidance for further engineering synthetic consortia.

Light-driven synthetic microbial consortia:playing with an oxygen dilemma

Background:Light-driven synthetic microbial consortia are composed of photoautotrophs and heterotrophs.They exhibited better performance in stability,robustness and capacity for handling complex tasks when comparing with axenic cultures.Different from general microbial consortia,the intrinsic property of photosynthetic oxygen evolution in light-driven synthetic microbial consortia is an important factor affecting the functions of the consortia.Results:In light-driven microbial consortia,the oxygen liberated by photoautotrophs will result in an aerobic environment,which exerts dual effects on different species and processes.On one hand,oxygen is favorable to the synthetic microbial consortia when they are used for wastewater treatment and aerobic chemical production,in which biomass accumulation and oxidized product formation will benefit from the high energy yield of aerobic respiration.On the other hand,the oxygen is harmful to the synthetic microbial consortia when they were used for anaerobic processes including biohydrogen production and bioelectricity generation,in which the presence of oxygen will deactivate some biological components and compete for electrons.Conclusions:Developing anaerobic processes in using light-driven synthetic microbial consortia represents a costeffective alternative for production of chemicals from carbon dioxide and light.Thus,exploring a versatile approach addressing the oxygen dilemma is essential to enable light-driven synthetic microbial consortia to get closer to practical applications.

创新联合体赋能新质生产力的理论机制与实践路径研究

新质生产力是推动经济社会高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点,对构建科技创新与产业创新深度融合新模式新机制提出新要求。如何强化企业科技创新主体地位,发挥创新联合体这一“新质载体”的作用,成为推动产学研深度融合、加快科技成果向现实生产力转化和发展新质生产力的重要议题。基于扎根理论方法,提出创新联合体赋能新质生产力的“战略引领—市场导向—场景驱动”三维理论框架,进一步集合AI产业创新联合体赋能新质生产力的典型实践案例,提炼出加快培育先导能力、推进关键核心技术攻关、加速科技成果向现实生产力转化、构建现代化产业体系、提升国家创新体系整体效能等创新联合体赋能新质生产力的主要路径。揭示创新联合体赋能新质生产力的理论机制和路径,为国家和各地区高效协同统筹布局产业创新联合体,以科技创新推动产业创新,加快培育和发展新质生产力,扎实推进高质量发展,提供重要理论依据和实践启示。

市域产教联合体公共价值创造的逻辑与路径

建立市域产教联合体是我国构建现代职业教育体系的重要探索,它具有协同创新性、地方性、契约性、开放性与融通性等多重特征,立足公共价值创造分析视角能帮助理解市域产教联合体超越“教育”或“产业”领域价值的组织本质。公共价值创造分析框架呈现了市域产教联合体增强职业教育经济社会适应性与人才培养组织支持水平、改善企业人力资源和技术技能结构以及提升企业形象等方面的公众价值基础,并充分阐述了其在优化资源配置、促进社会价值共识、强化社会凝聚力和提升公众福祉等方面的公共价值结构。推动市域产教联合体建设,应准确识别公共价值内涵,定位市域产教联合体的组织目标,在制度完善过程中寻求价值公约数以及强化组织能力,不断优化运行机制,塑造协同文化,构建价值共创格局,从而实现市域产教联合体公共价值创造。

水体中氮、磷在微藻及藻-菌共生系统中的迁移转化

水体中的氮、磷污染被认为是引发诸多水环境问题的主要因素之一,而微藻及藻-菌共生系统在污水深度处理方面具有独特的优势,因此深入研究及探讨氮、磷在其中的迁移转化过程及规律对氮、磷的处理及利用具有重要的意义。系统阐述了微藻及藻-菌共生系统处理污水时,水体中的氮、磷在处理过程中的迁移转化路径、形态及其影响因素,深入分析并总结了微藻对氮、磷的吸收机制,以及藻-菌共生系统在氮、磷循环中的协同作用,以期为不同水质的处理及条件的优化提供思路,为水环境保护和修复提供科学依据和技术支持。

市域产教联合体助推产业人才供给侧改革的路径——以瑞安机械制造业为例

健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制,助力产业转型升级,是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重要手段。当前,市域产业链层面存在上游发展要素短缺、中游人才供需失衡、下游研发能力偏弱等问题,人才供给层面存在域内难造、域内外流、域外难引、升级缺才的困难。通过多主体联合打造产教联合体、校企联接开展生岗预配、企校联通提升技术技能、家校企联动创新培养模式,可助推产业人才供给侧改革。瑞安机械制造业的实践证明,该做法赋能区域产业发展和行业人才革新,为新时代职业教育改革做出了积极贡献。

创新联合体知识转移情境因素研究——数字技术应用视角

创新联合体是面向科技自立自强的新型创新组织形态,数字技术为其提供关键技术支撑。运用系统动力学方法分析创新联合体知识转移过程以及数字技术、创新联合体运行机制和融通创新文化等情境因素对知识转移的影响规律。研究表明,数字技术应用视角下创新联合体的知识转移能够实现转移主体的知识交流融通和知识量增加;创新联合体运行机制可通过增强知识转移意愿和完善转移渠道正向影响知识转移;融通创新文化可提升知识转移意愿进而促进知识转移;数字技术通过降低知识内隐性、提升知识数字化和优化转移渠道正向驱动知识转移,同时,通过增加知识复杂性阻碍知识转移,但总体表现为正向影响。

菌藻生物膜反应器处理养猪废水机制研究

利用菌藻共生生物膜系统处理畜禽养殖废水,反应器是关键的工序和重要的限制因素。设计菌藻生物膜反应器运行处理养猪废水,通过调节进水氨氮质量浓度探究其对污染物去除效率及微藻生物量的影响,扫描电镜观察载体上菌藻生物膜的形成情况,然后利用高通量测序进一步探究微生物群落的变化,从而揭示菌藻生物膜污水处理系统的污染物去除规律和微生物响应机制。结果表明,当进水氨氮质量浓度为200 mg/L时,氨氮的日去除速率最高可达到35.60 mg/(L·d),并在载体上观察到大量微藻和细菌的团簇体,表明菌藻生物膜形成,优势菌属为Prevotella_9、Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1、Acinetobacter和Bifidobacterium;当进水氨氮质量浓度为300 mg/L时,氨氮的日去除速率显著提高,最高可达到45.70 mg/(L·d),但持续的高氨氮负荷会对菌藻生物膜造成一定冲击,优势菌属演替为Comamonas和Christensenellaceae_R-7_group。

群体感应在合成微生物群落构建中的研究进展

微生物生物合成正成为化学品绿色制造的核心技术。传统的单菌株发酵过程虽然被广泛应用,但引入复杂的生物合成路径会对细胞造成显著的代谢压力,并可能引起不同生物合成途径间的相互干扰。相比之下,在自然环境中,微生物多以群落的形式存在,并在环境修复、生物降解和物质合成等关键领域发挥着重要作用。受此启发,研究者研究开发出了合成微生物群落,通过模拟自然的共生环境,将具备不同功能的菌株整合在一起,共同完成复杂的生物合成任务。合成生物学的发展进一步促进了多种异源生物合成途径的集成,使得这些群落能够为不同的催化反应提供适宜的细胞内环境,有效减轻了单一菌株的代谢负担。然而,合成微生物群落的长期稳定性仍是工业发酵的一个重要挑战。群落内的竞争性相互作用可能会破坏群落的平衡,进而影响目标产物的合成效率。通过引入基于群体感应(quorum sensing,QS)的调控机制,可以有效地通过种间通信调节群落的代谢活动和结构,增强群落的稳定性,并提高目标产物的合成效率。本文详细介绍利用QS机制调控合成微生物群落的代谢和稳定性的设计原则、构建方法及其应用,同时探讨设计复杂、稳定、可控的共培养体系在高效生产化学品方面的应用前景和面临的挑战,并展望利用计算机模拟工具预测和控制合成微生物群落动态变化的技术动向。深入理解并应用QS机制,有望进一步提升合成微生物群落的性能,推动微生物合成技术的发展。

增强再生骨料固载混菌对混凝土裂缝自修复性能的影响试验研究

微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀可实现混凝土裂缝的自修复,微生物载体可以有效提高混凝土基体内部微生物存活率,从而改善混凝土的自修复效果,然而目前的载体存在力学性能差、与水泥基材料兼容性差以及费用高等问题。提出一种基于增强再生骨料固载混菌的裂缝自修复混凝土,通过再生骨料增强时间对混凝土抗压强度和自修复性能的影响研究,确定再生骨料合理矿化增强时间,并揭示再生骨料矿化增强和混凝土裂缝自修复机理。结果表明:再生骨料合理增强时间为7 d,矿化增强后再生骨料的吸水率和压碎指标降低幅度分别为20.5%和9.5%;混凝土抗压强度提高幅度为8.6%;经56 d的修复养护后,基于增强再生骨料固载微生物的混凝土裂缝平均修复宽度和完全闭合率分别达到了0.44 mm和73%;再生骨料表面沉淀物呈规则方块状、晶体类型为方解石,裂缝部位沉淀物呈规则的方块状和针簇状,晶体类型为方解石和文石。

风险态度视角下深圳市龙华区医联体医生下转患者意愿与经济激励效应

目的:在深圳市龙华区医疗联合体出台定额向下转诊患者经济激励政策背景下,探讨政策认知和风险态度对医生下转意愿的影响机制与经济激励效应。方法:采用随机抽样方法对龙华区医联体2家牵头医院的医生进行问卷调查,运用相对风险规避系数测算医生的风险态度类型,对数据进行描述性分析、采用χ^(2)检验分析不同特征的医联体医生下转意愿的差异与二元logistic回归模型分析医联体医生下转意愿的影响因素。结果:共回收有效问卷254份,有效回收率为90.7%。其中,181人表示愿意下转(71.26%),201人了解下转经济激励政策(79.13%),226人重视下转经济激励政策(88.98%),110人属于风险厌恶型(43.31%);对下转经济激励政策了解与重视程度、风险态度类型是医生下转意愿的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:当前龙华区医联体医生下转意愿处于中高水平,经济激励效应明显;医生对经济激励政策认知情况较好,降低了其下转决策不确定性;风险偏好型医生下转意愿更强。提示应完善医联体内下转经济激励与绩效考核政策设计;加强政策宣传,提高医联体医生对下转政策的认知,利用有限的经济激励获得最大化的下转激励效果。