Beyond authorship: Analyzing contributions in PLOS ONE and the challenges of appropriate attribution

Purpose:This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of authorship attributions in scientific publications,focusing on the fairness and precision of individual contributions within academic works.Design/methodology/approach:The study analyzes 81,823 publications from the journal PLOS ONE,covering the period from January 2018 to June 2023.It examines the authorship attributions within these publications to try and determine the prevalence of inappropriate authorship.It also investigates the demographic and professional profiles of affected authors,exploring trends and potential factors contributing to inaccuracies in authorship.Findings:Surprisingly,9.14%of articles feature at least one author with inappropriate authorship,affecting over 14,000 individuals(2.56%of the sample).Inappropriate authorship is more concentrated in Asia,Africa,and specific European countries like Italy.Established researchers with significant publication records and those affiliated with companies or nonprofits show higher instances of potential monetary authorship.Research limitations:Our findings are based on contributions as declared by the authors,which implies a degree of trust in their transparency.However,this reliance on self-reporting may introduce biases or inaccuracies into the dataset.Further research could employ additional verification methods to enhance the reliability of the findings.Practical implications:These findings have significant implications for journal publishers,Beyond authorship:Analyzing contributions in PLOS ONE and Maddi,A.,&the challenges of appropriate attribution highlighting the necessity for robust control mechanisms to ensure the integrity of authorship attributions.Moreover,researchers must exercise discernment in determining when to acknowledge a contributor and when to include them in the author list.Addressing these issues is crucial for maintaining the credibility and fairness of academic publications.Originality/value:This study contributes to an understanding of critical issues within academic authorship,shedding light on the prevalence and impact of inappropriate authorship attributions.By calling for a nuanced approach to ensure accurate credit is given where it is due,the study underscores the importance of upholding ethical standards in scholarly publishing.

National Social Investment Programmes in Nigeria:A Descriptive Analysis of the Socio-Economic Contributions of N-Power Programme in Benue State

This study analysed the socio-economic contributions of N-Power programme amongst the beneficiaries of the scheme in Benue State.Prior to the introduction of N-Power programme,successive administrations in Nigeria have made concerted efforts towards improving the standard of living of the citizenry through the execution of various welfare or social intervention programmes,but not much successes were recorded.Learning from the mistakes of the past regimes,and by way of deliberate state policy,the Buhari’s government initiated a multi-pronged social investment policy,one of which is the N-power programme that came onboard in 2016,which also doubles as the subject of this study.To achieve the goal of this study,a combination of desktop research and survey design was employed.Questionnaires were administered to 390 respondents through a combination of stratified and random sampling techniques.The results of the survey were matched with that of the secondary data obtained through online websites and other related sources.The result indicated that N-Power made positive contributions to the socio-economic life of the beneficiaries in Benue State:specifically,the scheme contributed in poverty eradication,employment generation,skills acquisitions and capacity building.However,some aspect of our findings revealed that the programme has a number of challenges such as:inadequate cash support,delay in monthly cash transfer to beneficiaries,distance participants had to move to their work stations,absence of posting in N-Teach scheme,and lack of adequate working tools amongst others.To salvage this problem the paper recommended the following solutions:expansion of the scheme to cover N-Teach and other aspects,increment in the monthly cash transfer to cushion the high rate of inflation,support for the participants/beneficiaries in transportation and logistics,enrolment of more youth into the various schemes,proper monitoring and evaluation of the implementation of the schemes amongst others.

An Analysis of Innovative Contributions to the Important Discourse on the Development of New Quality Productivity

The discourse on developing high-quality productivity marks a significant theoretical innovation,which is conducive to the modernization and sinicization of Marxism.It refines our understanding of“new quality productivity,”defining it as an advanced form driven by innovation,embodying“high technology,efficiency,and quality,”with the aim of comprehensively enhancing productivity.It elucidates the necessity of cultivating such forces,asserting that they are crucial for achieving high-quality development,securing a leading position in global technology,and fulfilling the aspirations for a better life.Moreover,it outlines a new implementation route,emphasizing strategies such as fostering technological autonomy,nurturing emerging industries,integrating education and talent in technology,adopting a“build through challenges”approach,adjusting solutions locally,and providing categorized guidance,all of which are based on the ongoing comprehensive reforms.

Moisture Sources and Their Contributions to Summer Precipitation in the East of Southwest China

Complex topography,special geographical location and sea-land-air interactions lead to high interannual variability of summer precipitation in the east of Southwest China(ESWC).However,the contributions,influencing factors and mechanisms of remote and local evaporation remain to be further investigated.Using clustering analysis and Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory version 5 model,we analyze the contributions of remote moisture transport and local evaporation to summer precipitation in the ESWC and their causes.There are mainly five remote moisture channels in the ESWC,namely the Arabian Sea channel,Bay of Bengal channel,western Pacific channel,Northwest channel 1 and Northwest channel 2.Among the five channels,the western Pacific channel has the largest number of trajectories,while the Bay of Bengal channel has the largest contribution rate of specific humidity(33.33%)and moisture flux(33.14%).The amount of regional average precipitation is close to that of the precipitation caused by remote moisture transport,and both are considerably greater than the rainfall amount caused by local evaporation.However,on interannual time scales,precipitation recirculation rates are negatively correlated to regional average precipitation and precipitation caused by remote moisture transport but are consistent with that caused by local evaporation.An apparent"+-+"wave train can be found on the height anomaly field in East Asia,and the sea surface temperature anomalies are positive in the equatorial Middle-East Pacific,the South China Sea,the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea.These phenomena cause southwest-northeast moisture transport with strong updrafts,thereby resulting in more precipitation in the ESWC.

Simulated Spatial Distribution and Seasonal Variation of Atmospheric Methane over China:Contributions from Key Sources

We used the global atmospheric chemical transport model,GEOS-Chem,to simulate the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of surface-layer methane （CH4） in 2004,and quantify the impacts of individual domestic sources and foreign transport on CH4 concentrations over China.Simulated surface-layer CH4 concentrations over China exhibit maximum concentrations in summer and minimum concentrations in spring.The annual mean CH4 concentrations range from 1800 ppb over western China to 2300 ppb over the more populated eastern China.Foreign emissions were found to have large impacts on CH4 concentrations over China,contributing to about 85％ of the CH4 concentrations over western China and about 80％ of those over eastern China.The tagged simulation results showed that coal mining,livestock,and waste are the dominant domestic contributors to CH4 concentrations over China,accounting for 36％,18％,and 16％,respectively,of the annual and national mean increase in CH4 concentration from all domestic emissions.Emissions from rice cultivation were found to make the largest contributions to CH4 concentrations over China in the summer,which is the key factor that leads to the maximum seasonal mean CH4 concentrations in summer.

Climate Warming Mitigation from Nationally Determined Contributions

Individual countries are requested to submit nationally determined contributions(NDCs)to alleviate global warming in the Paris Agreement.However,the global climate effects and regional contributions are not explicitly considered in the countries’decision-making process.In this study,we evaluate the global temperature slowdown of the NDC scenario(ΔT=0.6°C)and attribute the global temperature slowdown to certain regions of the world with a compact earth system model.Considering reductions in CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,BC,and SO_(2),the R5OECD(the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1990)and R5ASIA(Asian countries)are the top two contributors to global warming mitigation,accounting for 39.3%and 36.8%,respectively.R5LAM(Latin America and the Caribbean)and R5MAF(the Middle East and Africa)followed behind,with contributions of 11.5%and 8.9%,respectively.The remaining 3.5%is attributed to R5REF(the Reforming Economies).Carbon Dioxide emission reduction is the decisive factor of regional contributions,but not the only one.Other greenhouse gases are also important,especially for R5MAF.The contribution of short-lived aerosols is small but significant,notably SO_(2)reduction in R5ASIA.We argue that additional species beyond CO_(2)need to be considered,including short-lived pollutants,when planning a route to mitigate climate change.It needs to be emphasized that there is still a gap to achieve the Paris Agreement 2-degree target with current NDC efforts,let alone the ambitious 1.5-degree target.All countries need to pursue stricter reduction policies for a more sustainable world.

Contributions of Fuqing ZHANG to Predictability,Data Assimilation,and Dynamics of High Impact Weather:A Tribute

This article reviews Fuqing ZHANG’s contributions to mesoscale atmospheric science,from research to mentoring to academic service,over his 20-year career.His fundamental scientific contributions on predictability,data assimilation,and dynamics of high impact weather,especially gravity waves and tropical cyclones,are highlighted.His extremely generous efforts to efficiently transmit to the community new scientific knowledge and ideas through mentoring,interacting,workshop organizing,and reviewing are summarized.Special appreciation is given to his tremendous contributions to the development of mesoscale meteorology in China and the education of Chinese graduate students and young scientists.

Wu Zhengyi and his contributions to plant taxonomy and phytogeography

Wu Zhengyi,a master in science and a giant in botany,was born in Jiujiang,Jiangxi province,China 100 years ago and passed away on June 20,2013 in Kunming,China.He was an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Professor and Director Emeritus of Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences。

K→πvv:New Contributions from Unit-Charged Scalars in Topcolor-Assisted Technicolor Models

We calculate the new contributions to the rare K-decays K^(+)→π^(+)vv and K_(L)→π^(0)vv from the unit-charged scalars appearing in the topcolor-assisted technicolor models.By using the square-root ansatz for the mixing matrices D_(L)and D_(R),we find that:(a)the new contributions from top-pionsπ^(~±)and b-pions^(~H±)dominate over that from ordinary technipionsπ1 andπs;(b)for aR^(ts*)aR^(td)=-1/4,the enhancements to the ratios B(K^(+)→π^(+)vv)and B(K_(L)→π^(0)vv)from new scalars can be as large as a factor 7 and 11,respectively;(c)the theoretical predictions are still consistent with the data after including the new contributions.

WEN-TSUN WU’S ACADEMIC CAREER AND CONTRIBUTIONS

Wu Wen-tsun was born in Shanghai, China on May 12, 1919. He received his B.S. degree in mathematics from Shanghai Jiao Tong University in 1940.

Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research, new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel. It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company * s technological development and progress. Its readers include experts in steel metallurgy and related fields,technicians,management staff, professors and students in universities and colleges. It mainly publishes academic and applicable papers on iron and steel metallurgy and related technical fields such as chemicals, metal forming, materials, mechanical and electrical technology, refractory, energy, automation instruments, comprehensive utilization and environmental protection.

Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is mn and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research, new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel. It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company＇s technological development and progress. Its readers include experts in steel metallurgy and related fields, technicians, management staff, professors and students in universities and colleges. It mainly publishes academic and applicable papers on iron and steel metallurgy and related technical fields such as chemicals, metal forming, materials, mechanical and electrical technology, refractory, energy,

Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research, new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel. It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company＇s technological development and progress. Its readers include experts in steel metallurgy and related fields, technicians, management staff, professors and students in universities and colleges. It mainly publishes academic and applicable papers on iron and steel metallurgy and related technical fields such as chemicals, metal forming, materials, mechanical and electrical technology, refractory, energy, automation instruments ,comprehensive utilization and environmental protection. All the contributions from its readers are welcome, but authors should pay attention to the following requirements ：

Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation ,academic research ,new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel. It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company＇ s technological development and progress. Its readers include experts in steel metallurgy and related fields, technicians, management staff, professors and students in universities and colleges. It mainly publishes academic and applicable papers on iron and steel metallurgy and related technical fields such as chemicals, metal forming, materials, mechanical and electrical technology, refractory, energy, automation instruments ,

Contributions to Baosteel Technical Research wanted

Baosteel Technical Research, a quarterly journal, which is issued domestically and abroad, is run and sponsored by Baosteel Group Corporation. Baosteel Technical Research mainly reports the achievements in technological innovation, academic research, new product development and industrial equipment improvement by Baosteel. It will continue to follow up on hot topics and serve the company＇ s technological development and progress. Its readers include experts in steel metallurgy and related fields, technicians, management staff, professors and students in universities and colleges. It mainly publishes academic and applicable papers on iron and steel metallurgy and related technical fields such as chemicals, metal forming, materials, mechanical and electrical technology, refractory, energy, automation instruments,comprehensive utilization and environmental protection. All the contributions from its readers are welcome, but authors should pay attention to the following requirements ~

Soliciting Contributions for "Symposium on Defense Science and Technology Management 2008"

"Symposium on Defense Science and Technology Management 2008",sponsored by China Ordnance Society and Beijing Institute of Technology,and undertaken by Management and Economy College,Beijing Institute of Technology,will be held in Beijing Institute of Technology in the last ten-day period

Soliciting Contributions to a Special Issue of "Current Research on Atmospheric Aerosols and Trace Gases over the Polar Regions" in Advances in Polar Science

Dear Colleagues, We would like to invite you to submit manuscripts to a special issue entitled ＂Current Research on Atmospheric Aerosols and Trace Gases over the Polar Regions＂ of the Journal Advances in Polar Science （APS）. APS is an international, peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China （PRIC） and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration （CAA）. It is a quarterly journal published in March, June, September and December by Science Press of China and circulated internationally （ISSN 1674-9928, CN 31-2050/P）. Articles published in APS are free of charge with generous funding from PRIC. For more details, please visit the APS＇s websites. Thank you in advance for your consideration to submit manuscripts to this special issue, and we encourage you to share this announcement broadly with interested colleagues.