In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute stability of several classes of direct control systems, and discuss the absolute stability of the first canonical form of control system. The cor...In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute stability of several classes of direct control systems, and discuss the absolute stability of the first canonical form of control system. The corresponding results in references [3,5,6] and [7] are improved.展开更多
Metro shield tunnels under the lateral relaxation of soil(LRS)are susceptible to significant lateral deformations,which jeopardizes the structural safety and waterproofing.However,deformation control standards for suc...Metro shield tunnels under the lateral relaxation of soil(LRS)are susceptible to significant lateral deformations,which jeopardizes the structural safety and waterproofing.However,deformation control standards for such situations have not been clearly defined.Therefore,based on a specific case,a model test is conducted to realize the LRS of a shield tunnel in a sandy stratum to reveal its effect on segment liners.Subsequently,a deformation control criterion is established.The LRS is simulated by linearly reducing the loads applied to the lateral sides of the segment structure.During lateral unloading,the lateral earth pressure coefficient on the segment decreases almost exponentially,and the structural deformation is characterized by horizontal expansion at the arch haunches and vertical shrinkage at the arch vault and arch bottom.Based on the mechanical pattern of the segment structure and the acoustic emission,the deformation response of a segment can be classified into three stages:elastic and quasi-elastic,damage,and rapid deformation development.For a shield tunnel with a diameter of approximately 6 m and under the lateral relaxation of sandy soil,when the ellipticity of the segment is less than 2.71%,reinforcement measures are not required.However,the segment deformation must be controlled when the ellipticity is 2.71%to 3.12%;in this regard,an ellipticity of 3%can be used as a benchmark in similar engineering projects.展开更多
By using the Radar penetrating technology and numerical simulations, the fractured zone could be easily determined. Both wall fractured zone and mining action of coal seam roadway were considered, and the bolt reinfor...By using the Radar penetrating technology and numerical simulations, the fractured zone could be easily determined. Both wall fractured zone and mining action of coal seam roadway were considered, and the bolt reinforcing criteria for wall including low limit condition and up limit condition were put up, which supply a basis for the bolt reinforcement design. For a particular engineering, there existed a bolt reinforcing controllable range which can be determined by the method put up in this paper. For the out of controllable range of bolt reinforcement in engineering, it is necessary to seek for other kind rein forcing technology, because the bolt reinforcing technology is not omnipotent.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute stability of several classes of direct control systems, and discuss the absolute stability of the first canonical form of control system. The corresponding results in references [3,5,6] and [7] are improved.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52178398,51991394,and 51278424).
文摘Metro shield tunnels under the lateral relaxation of soil(LRS)are susceptible to significant lateral deformations,which jeopardizes the structural safety and waterproofing.However,deformation control standards for such situations have not been clearly defined.Therefore,based on a specific case,a model test is conducted to realize the LRS of a shield tunnel in a sandy stratum to reveal its effect on segment liners.Subsequently,a deformation control criterion is established.The LRS is simulated by linearly reducing the loads applied to the lateral sides of the segment structure.During lateral unloading,the lateral earth pressure coefficient on the segment decreases almost exponentially,and the structural deformation is characterized by horizontal expansion at the arch haunches and vertical shrinkage at the arch vault and arch bottom.Based on the mechanical pattern of the segment structure and the acoustic emission,the deformation response of a segment can be classified into three stages:elastic and quasi-elastic,damage,and rapid deformation development.For a shield tunnel with a diameter of approximately 6 m and under the lateral relaxation of sandy soil,when the ellipticity of the segment is less than 2.71%,reinforcement measures are not required.However,the segment deformation must be controlled when the ellipticity is 2.71%to 3.12%;in this regard,an ellipticity of 3%can be used as a benchmark in similar engineering projects.
文摘By using the Radar penetrating technology and numerical simulations, the fractured zone could be easily determined. Both wall fractured zone and mining action of coal seam roadway were considered, and the bolt reinforcing criteria for wall including low limit condition and up limit condition were put up, which supply a basis for the bolt reinforcement design. For a particular engineering, there existed a bolt reinforcing controllable range which can be determined by the method put up in this paper. For the out of controllable range of bolt reinforcement in engineering, it is necessary to seek for other kind rein forcing technology, because the bolt reinforcing technology is not omnipotent.
