基于GCPW的220GHz砷化镓芯片基波混频电路

为了提高太赫兹收发系统的集成度,设计并制备了220GHz基于共面波导输出接口的片上砷化镓基波混频电路。首先,对研制的砷化镓肖特基二极管的I-V和C-V进行测试表征,并提取了相应的肖特基二极管电路参数。其次,分别设计了串联肖特基二极管、低通滤波器、3dB耦合器等结构,并对其进行了联合仿真,实现了220GHz混频基波电路。最后,通过优化整合工艺,采用二极管倒装的形式封装在电路上形成片上混频器。对研制的混频电路进行了测试验证:在固定中频5GHz的条件下,测试结果表明在200GHz~220GHz频率范围内芯片的变频损耗均小于15dB,在204GHz处获得了最低损耗10.6dB。基于GCPW的砷化镓芯片电路结构简单,无需波导腔体装配,可以与其他射频器件集成在一起,减小芯片体积,增加集成度。

Low-Microwave Loss Coplanar Waveguides Fabricated on High-Resistivity Silicon Substrate

Three kinds of coplanar waveguides （CPWs） are designed and fabricated on different silicon substrates---common low-resistivity silicon substrate （LRS）, LRS with a 3μm-thick silicon oxide interlayer, and high-resistivity silicon （HRS） substrate. The results show that the microwave loss of a CPW on LRS is too high to be used, but it can be greatly reduced by adding a thick interlayer of silicon oxide between the CPW transmission lines and the LRS.A CPW directly on HRS shows a loss lower than 2dB/cm in the range of 0-26GHz and the process is simple,so HRS is a more suitable CPW substrate.

Ultra-wideband bilateral tapered slot-line antenna fed by coplanar waveguide

In order to broaden the bandwidth of a tapered slot- line antenna （TSA）, a bilateral tapered slot-line antenna （BTSA） with a new feeding structure of coplanar waveguide （CPW） is developed. Based on the fact that the bandwidth limitation of TSA mainly depends on its feeding structure, an improved CPW-based feed structure etched on the backboard of the BTSA is adopted to perform traveling-wave transition. Both the simulation results and measurement data verify that the proposed feeding structure results in ＂high-pass＂ frequency response for antenna impedance matching. The voltage standing wave ratio （VSWR） is less than 2：1 when the frequency is higher than 3 GHz. The antenna gain exceeds 7 dBi with good radiation patterns when the bandwidth is from 4 to 16 GHz. This ultra wideband （UWB） antenna with a compact size is specially available for the electronic systems of counter-measure and microwave imaging.

Characterization and Modeling of Finite-Ground Coplanar Waveguides in 0.13μm CMOS

We discuss the characterization and modeling of coplanar waveguides （CPW） realized in TSMC 0. 13μm CMOS process. EM-field simulations with momentum are performed to estimate the important parameters of the transmission lines, such as characteristic impedance and propagation loss. Coplanar waveguide libraries are designed with Z values of 30,50,70, and 100Ω. Finally, the propagation constant and the characteristic impedance are measured in a frequency range from 0. 1 to 40GHz with a vector-network analyzer,using the short-open-loadthru （SOLT） de-embedding technique. The distributed parameters of the CPWs are extracted from the measured S-parameters.

An analytical model for coplanar waveguide on silicon-on-insulator substrate with conformal mapping technique

In this paper, the authors present an analytical model for coplanar waveguide on silicon-on-insulator substrate. The four-element topological network and the conformal mapping technique are used to analyse the capacitance and the conductance of the sandwich substrate. The validity of the model is verified by the full-wave method and the experimental data. It is found that the inductance, the resistance, the capacitance and the conductance from the analytical model show they are in good agreement with the corresponding values extracted from experimental Sparameter until 10 GHz.

Mach-Zehnder Type Annealed Proton Exchange Waveguide and Coplanar Waveguide Modulation Electrode LiNbO_3 Intensity Modulator

The characteristics of a conventional LiNbO3 intensity modulator made up of a Mach-Zehnder(MZ) type annealed proton exchange(APE) waveguide and coplanar waveguide(CPW) modulation electrode are presented. The APE waveguide characteristics and their relations with process parameters are analyzed. At the same time, the electrical characteristics of modulation electrode, such as modulation voltage, microwave effective index associated with modulation bandwidth, characteristics impedance, are also investigated in detail.

Multi-Reconfigurable Band-Notched Coplanar Waveguide-Fed Slot Antenna

This paper proposes an antenna design concept to achieve a multi-reconfigurable band-notch antenna by using a set of microswitches. The proposed idea was proved by the design of the coplanar waveguide(CPW)-fed slot antenna. The sample design gives a wideband antenna the impedance bandwidth of which covers the frequency ranged from 1.9 GHz to 6.55 GHz.The antenna could be configured to work either in single-band mode or in one of the defined dual-band modes.

Superconducting tunable filter with constant bandwidth using coplanar waveguide resonators

In this paper we propose a two-pole varactor-tuned superconducting filter using coplanar waveguide （CPW） spiralin-spiral-out （SISO） resonators. Novel internal and external coupling structures are introduced to meet the requirements for a tunable filter with a constant absolute bandwidth. The fabricated device has a frequency tuning range of 14.4% at frequencies ranging from 274.1 MHz to 317.7 MHz, a 3-dB bandwidth of 5.14±0.06 MHz, and an insertion loss of 0.08 dB-0.70 dB. The simulated and measured results are in excellent agreement with each other.

Tunable coplanar waveguide resonator with nanowires

A tunable superconducting half-wavelength coplanar waveguide resonator （CPWR） with Nb parallel nanowires - 300 nm in width embedded in the center conductor was designed, fabricated, and measured. The frequency shift and the amplitude attenuation of the resonance peak under irradiation of 404-nm pulse laser were observed with different light powers at 4.2 K. The RF power supplied to such a CPWR can serve as current bias, which will affect the light response of the resonator.

Fabrication of Al air-bridge on coplanar waveguide

Superconducting coplanar waveguide（CPW） can be widely used as two-dimensional（2 D） resonator, transmission line or feedline, providing an important component for superconducting quantum circuit which is a promising candidate for quantum information processing. Due to the discontinuities and asymmetries in the ground planes, CPW usually exhibits the spurious resonance, which is a common source of decoherence in circuit quantum electrodynamics experiments. To mitigate the spurious resonance, we fabricated superconducting aluminum air-bridges on Nb CPW. The fabricated airbridges are approximately 3 m high and up to 120 m long. Compared with other methods, the fabrication procedures of our air-bridges are simpler, and the air-bridge can withstand strong ultrasound.

A novel and simple coplanar waveguide-fed planar monopole antenna for ultra-wideband applications

In this paper, a novel and simple CPW-fed planar monopole antenna is presented for UWB application. The antenna is fabricated on inexpensive FR4 substrate and fed by 50Ω CPW on the same layer, Measured data show that the antenna provides an impedance bandwidth of about 8GHz for the return loss less than 10dB. It is also observed that the radiation pattems are nearly omni-directional over the entire frequency range. Details of the proposed antenna are presented, and simulated results are presented and discussed.

A Linear Array Antenna of Microstrip Patch Antennas Fed by the Open-End of Coplanar Waveguides

In this study, we constructed a 4-element linear array antenna using four 20 GHz band microstrip patch antennas with a structure such that the signal is fed to the patch antennas from open-end coplanar waveguides without contact. We investigated factors related to the design of linear array patch antennas. To adjust the maximum radiation direction and reduce return loss, we optimized the spacing between the elements and their shape. With an element spacing of 11.50 mm, patch width of 3.90 mm, and patch length of 4.15 mm, we obtained a resonance frequency of 20.05 GHz and a return loss of -29.59 dB at the resonance frequency. However, in the case of a 4-element linear array antenna structure, undesired resonances occurred in frequency bands other than the design resonance frequency band of 20 GHz. To suppress these undesired resonances and obtaining stable operation at the design frequency, we propose a new structure in which the feed line is loaded with a short stub, and show through computer simulations that the occurrence of undesired resonances can be sufficiently suppressed. Furthermore, we demonstrate the problem of radiation gain reduction caused by introducing a short stub, propose a design method for a new structure in which the feed line has slits between the stubs, and show improvement of the antenna gain by 0.5 dBi.

Conformal Wavelet Finite-difference Time-domain Algorithm for Analysis of Milimeter Wave Attenuation on Coplanar Waveguide

Addressed is the calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on coplanar waveguide(CPW). A novel conformal wavelet finite-difference time-domain(CWFDTD) algorithm is proposed with emphasis on its application in calculation of millimeter wave attenuation on CPW, which is the combination of conformal algorithm dealing with the deformed cell with Wavelet-FDTD using multi-resolution analysis(MRA). Derived is the difference formulation for multi-resolution time domain(MRTD) based on Daubechies wavelets, and also given is the stability conditions for wavelet-FDTD algorithm. To validate its accuracy and efficiency, this novel method is applied to calculate the millimeter wave attenuation on lithium niobate CPW. Numerical results demonstrate that this new CWFDTD algorithm has the same accuracy with the conformal finite-difference time-domain(CFDTD) and conformal finite-difference time-domain based on alternating-direction implicit method(ADI-CFDTD), but saves computational time and computer memory.

接地共面波导与芯片级联结构设计与优化

针对传输线与芯片级联时产生阻抗突变,导致传输效率下降的问题,基于接地共面波导与芯片级联结构,提出了一种适用于X~Ka波段的匹配带线解决方法。通过S参数提取芯片的输入阻抗,并对射频电路中的阻抗不连续点进行分析,设计阻抗匹配电路并建立三维仿真模型。通过有限元仿真分析,讨论了匹配电路和键合引线中心间距对射频传输性能的影响,对比分析了不同结构及不同匹配电路的传输性能差异。仿真结果显示:在X~Ka波段范围内,匹配电路可令接地共面波导与芯片级联结构的S11<-21 dB,S21>-0.19 dB。优化后的接地共面波导与芯片级联结构可在降低传输损耗的同时显著提高射频信号的隔离度,减少信道串扰,为厘米波频段下射频电路的设计提供理论参考。

基于石墨烯片的频率可调太赫兹天线

本文设计了一种基于石墨烯片的频率可调太赫兹天线,采用了折叠缝隙结构并使用共面波导馈电方式,以更好地实现阻抗匹配.通过调控在缝隙之间添加的4个石墨烯片的电导率,改变缝隙天线的等效长度,使天线在两种不同工作模式下的谐振频率分别为230.5 GHz和270.5 GHz.除此之外,在天线下方加载了方形封闭谐振环(Closed-Ring Resonator,CRR)构成的超表面,并使其谐振频率与天线的谐振频率匹配,将z轴负方向的辐射进行反射,使天线在两种工作模式下的增益提高至5.41 dBi和7.63 dBi,与无反射结构时相比分别增长2.48 dBi和3.55 dBi.

共面波导(CPW)馈电单极子天线的设计与研究

给出一种工作于 90 0MHz的共面波导 (CPW )馈电单极子天线的设计。该单极子天线以共面波导的中心导带为辐射单极子 ,以中心导带两边的金属导体作反射板 ,结构简单紧凑。但是由于天线与共面波导之间缺少有效的隔离 ,造成天线性能受共面波导尺寸的影响较严重。本文通过模拟计算和实验测量详细分析了共面波导尺寸的变化对天线性能的影响 ,给出了结合共面波导尺寸设计的工作在 90

140 GHz基于CPWG单平衡基波混频GaAs集成电路

通过在300μm厚度的Ga As衬底条件下,利用共面波导传输线实现了基波混频集成电路设计。利用半导体分析仪测试I-U和C-U曲线,并成功提取了相应的肖特基二极管模型。结合建立的肖特基二极管模型,代入Lange耦合器、中频结构和匹配网络等实现了140 GHz零中频基波混频片上电路,并加入了地-信号-地(GSG)测试封装。最终仿真结果表明:在固定中频1 GHz的条件下,变频损耗最优为-7 dB,3 dB带宽大于40 GHz。

一种L-Ku波段的超宽带端射天线设计与研究

本文设计了一种可工作在L-Ku波段的超宽带端射天线。该天线由辐射缝隙印制板、反射腔体、腔体支撑材料等组成。通过在天线的辐射印制板下方增加腔体和负载匹配方法可抑制后向辐射;增加槽间的缝隙单元可调节相邻天线单元的幅度和相位匹配从而提升端射性能;在天线顶端采用共面波导转换同轴连接器的方式可实现阻抗匹配馈电。对所提出的超宽带端射天线进行了辐射性能的仿真分析,其结果表明,该天线可实现18倍频程带宽,并具有性能优良的端口匹配和端射特性,S11小于-10 dB,E面最大辐射方向与水平面夹角小于30°。测试结果表明,其与仿真数据有较好的一致性。

一种应用于5G毫米波的超宽带MIMO天线

设计了一种紧凑型超宽带(UWB)多输入多输出(MIMO)天线。该天线采用共面波导(CPW)馈电,可工作于C、Ku、K和Ka频段。天线采用平面几何结构设计,天线单元尺寸为14 mm×19 mm,结构紧凑,通过正交旋转形成4端口MIMO天线,加载十字形解耦器以增加隔离度,实现了良好的分集性能。MIMO天线的尺寸为40 mm×40 mm,工作频率为5~39 GHz,相对带宽约为154.5%,天线单元之间的隔离度<-19 dB,包络相关系数<0.05,分集增益>9.99 dB,测试和仿真结果一致。天线辐射性能良好且结构简单紧凑,可以很好地应用于5G毫米波无线通信系统中。

HFO_(2)铁电体薄膜移相器设计

移相器作为阵列天线的关键部件,用来调整阵列天线中各个天线单元之间的相位差,从而实现波束的扫描。基于传输线周期性加载可变电容理论,设计了一款工作于K波段的HFO_(2)铁电薄膜移相器。为了实现低插损和紧凑型,该移相器采用HFO_(2)铁电体薄膜材料,相比传统的BST材料,其有着更大的调谐率、厚度更薄且损耗角正切更低,容易集成,同时结合共面波导叉指电容结构设计,该移相器有非常紧凑的尺寸。通过改变HFO_(2)铁电材料的介电常数从而实现电容的变化,进而实现相位的调控。仿真结果表明,通过加入直流偏置电压改变铁电体薄膜的介电常数,该移相器在22 GHz频点的移相量为80°,最大插损为-2.5 dB,回波损耗优于-10 dB。