Vision Sensing-Based Online Correction System for Robotic Weld Grinding

The service cycle and dynamic performance of structural parts are afected by the weld grinding accuracy and surface consistency. Because of reasons such as assembly errors and thermal deformation, the actual track of the robot does not coincide with the theoretical track when the weld is ground ofine, resulting in poor workpiece surface quality. Considering these problems, in this study, a vision sensing-based online correction system for robotic weld grinding was developed. The system mainly included three subsystems: weld feature extraction, grinding, and robot real-time control. The grinding equipment was frst set as a substation for the robot using the WorkVisual software. The input/output (I/O) ports for communication between the robot and the grinding equipment were confgured via the I/O mapping function to enable the robot to control the grinding equipment (start, stop, and speed control). Subsequently, the Ethernet KRL software package was used to write the data interaction structure to realize realtime communication between the robot and the laser vision system. To correct the measurement error caused by the bending deformation of the workpiece, we established a surface profle model of the base material in the weld area using a polynomial ftting algorithm to compensate for the measurement data. The corrected extracted weld width and height errors were reduced by 2.01% and 9.3%, respectively. Online weld seam extraction and correction experiments verifed the efectiveness of the system’s correction function, and the system could control the grinding trajectory error within 0.2 mm. The reliability of the system was verifed through actual weld grinding experiments. The roughness, Ra, could reach 0.504 µm and the average residual height was within 0.21 mm. In this study, we developed a vision sensing-based online correction system for robotic weld grinding with a good correction efect and high robustness.

Comparison of the treatment duration and nursing requirements of the EarWell infant ear correction system for different types of auricle deformities

Objective:To observe whether the Ear Well infant ear correction system makes any difference in terms of the treatment effect,duration,complication rate,and nursing care requirements in different types of infant auricle deformities.Methods:A total of 93 infant patients with auricular deformity(age:<3 months of age)who were diagnosed and treated in Guangzhou Children and Women’s Medical Center from April 2018 to September 2020 were selected and treated with the Ear Well infant ear correction system.We observed and recorded the effects of the Ear Well infant ear correction system,the treatment duration,the number of rebound cases,and complications that are likely to occur during treatment,and noted the related factors causing complications and the relative requirements for nursing care.Results:The Earwell infant ear correction system could effectively correct infant auricle deformities.Among the 93 cases,90 cases had positive therapeutical outcome and the effective rate was 96.77%.The treatment duration for lop ear and protruding ear was longer than for other auricle deformities;the deformity recoil and the treatment compilation rates were much higher for these 2 deformity types,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The treatment suggestion for the wearing duration of the Ear Well infant ear correction system for lop ear and protruding ear is a prolonged duration compared with that for other infant auricle deformities.Fur ther,the requirements for nursing care intensity and infant patient’s guardian’s nursing knowledge and skill are obviously increased for these 2 types of auricle deformities.

Curative effect observation on deformed auricle treated with EarWell Infant Ear Correction System with modular parents'nursing education

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and patient satisfaction of the EarWell Infant Ear Correction System combined with modular parents'nursing education's curative effect on deformed auricle.Methods:A total of 42 patients(29 boys and 13 girls;73 ears;age≤3 months)with auricle deformities who had received EarWell Infant Ear Correction System's treatment and modular parents'nursing education in Guangzhou Children and Women's Medical Center between April and October 2018.The modular parents'education program is standardized by EarWell system.Physician and patients'parents compared the severity of auricle deformity separately before and after the treatment by using the auricle deformities visual analogue scales(VAS)rating system.Patient satisfaction was evaluated by using global aesthetic improvement scale(GAIS).The data collected of auricle deformities VAS and GAIS satisfaction score were applied to measure the treatment's effectiveness.Results:All the 42 patients(73 external ears)completed the treatment with EarWell Infant Ear Correction System and modular parents'nursing education.The mean age at initiation of treatment was 37.87±19.44 days and the therapeutic time span was 47.21±17.36 days.At the end of treatment,the physician's and patients'guardians rating of the severity of auricle deformity were significantly improved separately compared to the initial rating(8.33±1.27 vs.6.51±0.84;P<0.005)(5.77±1.59 vs.8.19±2.38 P<0.05).During the treatment and parents'home nursing care period,the side effect and complications were minor like skin eczema and irrigation;there were no severe complications such as necrosis of the skin and cartilage.The patient tolerance for the treatment was acceptable with the adequate parents'nursing care.Most patients'guardians were satisfied with the treatment outcomes of EarWell Infant Ear Correction System with more engagement of nursing care,the GAIS's rating were increased from pretreatment stage's 26.19%to treatment completed stage's 90.48%,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:In this study,we proved that EarWell Infant Ear Correction System with its unique parents'modular nursing care education,as a noninvasive treatment,reasonably improved auricle morphological malformation,and patients'guardians satisfaction with few complications,which is worthy of a wildly clinical promotion.

A Data Driven Security Correction Method for Power Systems with UPFC

The access of unified power flow controllers(UPFC)has changed the structure and operation mode of power grids all across the world,and it has brought severe challenges to the traditional real-time calculation of security correction based on traditionalmodels.Considering the limitation of computational efficiency regarding complex,physical models,a data-driven power system security correction method with UPFC is,in this paper,proposed.Based on the complex mapping relationship between the operation state data and the security correction strategy,a two-stage deep neural network(DNN)learning framework is proposed,which divides the offline training task of security correction into two stages:in the first stage,the stacked auto-encoder(SAE)classification model is established,and the node correction state(0/1)output based on the fault information;in the second stage,the DNN learningmodel is established,and the correction amount of each action node is obtained based on the action nodes output in the previous stage.In this paper,the UPFC demonstration project of NanjingWest Ring Network is taken as a case study to validate the proposed method.The results show that the proposed method can fully meet the real-time security correction time requirements of power grids,and avoid the inherent defects of the traditional model method without an iterative solution and can also provide reasonable security correction strategies for N-1 and N-2 faults.

The application of the strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis in the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformity

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis for the nonsurgical correction of complex auricular deformities. Methods: Clinical data were collected from 2020 to 2021 for 6 patients who underwent correction using a stripshaped cymba conchae orthosis. The indications, corrective effects, and complications associated with use of the orthosis were analyzed. Results: There were four indications for treatment: cryptotia with helix adhesion;cryptotia with grade I microtia;cryptotia with excessive helix thickness;and auricular deformity beyond the treatment time window(≥6 months). Excellent corrective effects were observed in all 6 patients. Complications occurred in one patient, who recovered after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion: The use of a strip-shaped cymba conchae orthosis alone or combined with a U-shaped helix orthosis presents a feasible approach for correcting complex auricular deformities or deformities beyond the treatment time window in pediatric patients.

Correction:Nanomaterial-Based Repurposing of Macrophage Metabolism and Its Applications

Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported an error in the last author’s name,it was mistakenly written as“Jun Den”.The correct author’s name“Jun Deng”has been updated in this Correction.

Blockchain-Based Certificate Authentication System with Enabling Correction

Blockchain has proven to be an emerging technology in the digital world, changing the way everyone thinks about data security and bringing efficiency to several industries. It has already been applied to a wide range of applications, from financial services and supply chain management to voting systems and identity verification. An organization must verify its candidates before selecting them. Choosing an unqualified candidate can ruin an organization’s reputation. In this paper, a blockchain-based academic certificate authentication system will be used to ensure authenticity and make the assertion of the decentralized system secure. However, the system will generate, authenticate and make corrections on academic certificates. Ultimately, some blockchain-based authentication systems already exist, they can’t correct any errors that occur during generation. A blockchain-based certificate authentication system was built using blockchain technology. Where admin could generate, authenticate and correct the certificate if necessary. The admin can also check how many times a certificate has been modified. Other users can only check the authenticity of the certificates. We’re using two blockchains to enable corrections. Blockchain technology can successfully implement a certificate authentication system. This system will eliminate doubts about the authenticity of certificates, provide fast responses, and ensure reliable and secure storage. The proposed system will help in many ways, such as providing a user-friendly university admission, and smooth job hiring process, etc. In conclusion, our proposed system can permanently eradicate certificate forgeries and create and promote trust in society.

Adaptation analysis and fusion correction method of CMIP6 precipitation simulation data on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

In order to obtain more accurate precipitation data and better simulate the precipitation on the Tibetan Plateau,the simulation capability of 14 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)models of historical precipitation(1982-2014)on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was evaluated in this study.Results indicate that all models exhibit an overestimation of precipitation through the analysis of the Taylor index,temporal and spatial statistical parameters.To correct the overestimation,a fusion correction method combining the Backpropagation Neural Network Correction(BP)and Quantum Mapping(QM)correction,named BQ method,was proposed.With this method,the historical precipitation of each model was corrected in space and time,respectively.The correction results were then analyzed in time,space,and analysis of variance(ANOVA)with those corrected by the BP and QM methods,respectively.Finally,the fusion correction method results for each model were compared with the Climatic Research Unit(CRU)data for significance analysis to obtain the trends of precipitation increase and decrease for each model.The results show that the IPSL-CM6A-LR model is relatively good in simulating historical precipitation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(R=0.7,RSME=0.15)among the uncorrected data.In terms of time,the total precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the same interannual trend and the closest precipitation values to the CRU data;In terms of space,the annual average precipitation corrected by the fusion method has the smallest difference with the CRU data,and the total historical annual average precipitation is not significantly different from the CRU data,which is better than BP and QM.Therefore,the correction effect of the fusion method on the historical precipitation of each model is better than that of the QM and BP methods.The precipitation in the central and northeastern parts of the plateau shows a significant increasing trend.The correlation coefficients between monthly precipitation and site-detected precipitation for all models after BQ correction exceed 0.8.

Real-time model correction using Kalman filter for Raman-controlled cell culture processes

Raman spectroscopy has found extensive use in monitoring and controlling cell culture processes.In this context,the prediction accuracy of Raman-based models is of paramount importance.However,models established with data from manually fed-batch cultures often exhibit poor performance in Raman-controlled cultures.Thus,there is a need for effective methods to rectify these models.The objective of this paper is to investigate the efficacy of Kalman filter(KF)algorithm in correcting Raman-based models during cell culture.Initially,partial least squares(PLS)models for different components were constructed using data from manually fed-batch cultures,and the predictive performance of these models was compared.Subsequently,various correction methods including the PLS-KF-KF method proposed in this study were employed to refine the PLS models.Finally,a case study involving the auto-control of glucose concentration demonstrated the application of optimal model correction method.The results indicated that the original PLS models exhibited differential performance between manually fed-batch cultures and Raman-controlled cultures.For glucose,the root mean square error of prediction(RMSEP)of manually fed-batch culture and Raman-controlled culture was 0.23 and 0.40 g·L^(-1).With the implementation of model correction methods,there was a significant improvement in model performance within Raman-controlled cultures.The RMSEP for glucose from updating-PLS,KF-PLS,and PLS-KF-KF was 0.38,0.36 and 0.17 g·L^(-1),respectively.Notably,the proposed PLS-KF-KF model correction method was found to be more effective and stable,playing a vital role in the automated nutrient feeding of cell cultures.

Atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering correction

In high-altitude nuclear detonations,the proportion of pulsed X-ray energy can exceed 70%,making it a specific monitoring signal for such events.These pulsed X-rays can be captured using a satellite-borne X-ray detector following atmospheric transmission.To quantitatively analyze the effects of different satellite detection altitudes,burst heights,and transmission angles on the physical processes of X-ray transport and energy fluence,we developed an atmospheric transmission algorithm for pulsed X-rays from high-altitude nuclear detonations based on scattering correction.The proposed method is an improvement over the traditional analytical method that only computes direct-transmission X-rays.The traditional analytical method exhibits a maximum relative error of 67.79% compared with the Monte Carlo method.Our improved method reduces this error to within 10% under the same conditions,even reaching 1% in certain scenarios.Moreover,its computation time is 48,000 times faster than that of the Monte Carlo method.These results have important theoretical significance and engineering application value for designing satellite-borne nuclear detonation pulsed X-ray detectors,inverting nuclear detonation source terms,and assessing ionospheric effects.

Chord length sampling correction analysis for dispersion fuel in Monte Carlo simulation

Dispersion fuels,knowned for their excellent safety performance,are widely used in advanced reactors,such as hightemperature gas-cooled reactors.Compared with deterministic methods,the Monte Carlo method has more advantages in the geometric modeling of stochastic media.The explicit modeling method has high computational accuracy and high computational cost.The chord length sampling(CLS)method can improve computational efficiency by sampling the chord length during neutron transport using the matrix chord length?s probability density function.This study shows that the excluded-volume effect in realistic stochastic media can introduce certain deviations into the CLS.A chord length correction approach is proposed to obtain the chord length correction factor by developing the Particle code based on equivalent transmission probability.Through numerical analysis against reference solutions from explicit modeling in the RMC code,it was demonstrated that CLS with the proposed correction method provides good accuracy for addressing the excludedvolume effect in realistic infinite stochastic media.

Automatic Miscalibration Detection and Correction of LiDAR and Camera Using Motion Cues

This paper aims to develop an automatic miscalibration detection and correction framework to maintain accurate calibration of LiDAR and camera for autonomous vehicle after the sensor drift.First,a monitoring algorithm that can continuously detect the miscalibration in each frame is designed,leveraging the rotational motion each individual sensor observes.Then,as sensor drift occurs,the projection constraints between visual feature points and LiDAR 3-D points are used to compute the scaled camera motion,which is further utilized to align the drifted LiDAR scan with the camera image.Finally,the proposed method is sufficiently compared with two representative approaches in the online experiments with varying levels of random drift,then the method is further extended to the offline calibration experiment and is demonstrated by a comparison with two existing benchmark methods.

Single Photon Detection Technology in Underwater Wireless Optical Communication:Modulation Modes and Error Correction Coding Analysis

This study explores the application of single photon detection(SPD)technology in underwater wireless optical communication(UWOC)and analyzes the influence of different modulation modes and error correction coding types on communication performance.The study investigates the impact of on-off keying(OOK)and 2-pulse-position modulation(2-PPM)on the bit error rate(BER)in single-channel intensity and polarization multiplexing.Furthermore,it compares the error correction performance of low-density parity check(LDPC)and Reed-Solomon(RS)codes across different error correction coding types.The effects of unscattered photon ratio and depolarization ratio on BER are also verified.Finally,a UWOC system based on SPD is constructed,achieving 14.58 Mbps with polarization OOK multiplexing modulation and 4.37 Mbps with polarization 2-PPM multiplexing modulation using LDPC code error correction.

Correction: Surface Patterning of Metal ZincElectrode with an In-Region Zincophilic Interfacefor High-Rate and Long-Cycle-Life Zinc MetalAnode

Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2024)16:112 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01327-2 In the supplementary information the following corrections have been carried out:1.Institute of Energy and Climate Research,Materials Synthesis and Processing,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.Corrected:Institute of Energy and Climate Research:Materials Synthesis and Processing(IEK-1),Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH,52425 Jülich,Germany.

Scientific Advances and Weather Services of the China Meteorological Administration’s National Forecasting Systems during the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics

Since the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics was the first Winter Olympics in history held in continental winter monsoon climate conditions across complex terrain areas,there is a deficiency of relevant research,operational techniques,and experience.This made providing meteorological services for this event particularly challenging.The China Meteorological Administration(CMA)Earth System Modeling and Prediction Centre,achieved breakthroughs in research on short-and medium-term deterministic and ensemble numerical predictions.Several key technologies crucial for precise winter weather services during the Winter Olympics were developed.A comprehensive framework,known as the Operational System for High-Precision Weather Forecasting for the Winter Olympics,was established.Some of these advancements represent the highest level of capabilities currently available in China.The meteorological service provided to the Beijing 2022 Games also exceeded previous Winter Olympic Games in both variety and quality.This included achievements such as the“100-meter level,minute level”downscaled spatiotemporal resolution and forecasts spanning 1 to 15 days.Around 30 new technologies and over 60 kinds of products that align with the requirements of the Winter Olympics Organizing Committee were developed,and many of these techniques have since been integrated into the CMA’s operational national forecasting systems.These accomplishments were facilitated by a dedicated weather forecasting and research initiative,in conjunction with the preexisting real-time operational forecasting systems of the CMA.This program represents one of the five subprograms of the WMO’s high-impact weather forecasting demonstration project(SMART2022),and continues to play an important role in their Regional Association(RA)II Research Development Project(Hangzhou RDP).Therefore,the research accomplishments and meteorological service experiences from this program will be carried forward into forthcoming highimpact weather forecasting activities.This article provides an overview and assessment of this program and the operational national forecasting systems.

Research on aiming methods for small sample size shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory correction fuse

The longitudinal dispersion of the projectile in shooting tests of two-dimensional trajectory corrections fused with fixed canards is extremely large that it sometimes exceeds the correction ability of the correction fuse actuator.The impact point easily deviates from the target,and thus the correction result cannot be readily evaluated.However,the cost of shooting tests is considerably high to conduct many tests for data collection.To address this issue,this study proposes an aiming method for shooting tests based on small sample size.The proposed method uses the Bootstrap method to expand the test data;repeatedly iterates and corrects the position of the simulated theoretical impact points through an improved compatibility test method;and dynamically adjusts the weight of the prior distribution of simulation results based on Kullback-Leibler divergence,which to some extent avoids the real data being"submerged"by the simulation data and achieves the fusion Bayesian estimation of the dispersion center.The experimental results show that when the simulation accuracy is sufficiently high,the proposed method yields a smaller mean-square deviation in estimating the dispersion center and higher shooting accuracy than those of the three comparison methods,which is more conducive to reflecting the effect of the control algorithm and facilitating test personnel to iterate their proposed structures and algorithms.;in addition,this study provides a knowledge base for further comprehensive studies in the future.

Author Correction to “Enhanced Property of Thin Cuprous Oxide Film Prepared through Green Synthetic Route”

This correction adds some information to our publication[Chin.J.Chem.Phys.32,365–372(2019)]that we previously missed to include.Our previous work published in[Appl.Catal.B Env-iron.186,10(2016)]was based on the same sample series but with the focus of explaining the interplay between the catalytic behavior and properties of the cuprous thin films.A superior catalytic performance was demonstrated when water was added in the deposition process[1](see Ref.[47]in our publication corrected here).

Design of weak current measurement system and research on temperature impact

A dedicated weak current measurement system was designed to measure the weak currents generated by the neutron ionization chamber.This system incorporates a second-order low-pass filter circuit and the Kalman filtering algorithm to effectively filter out noise and minimize interference in the measurement results.Testing conducted under normal temperature conditions has demonstrated the system's high precision performance.However,it was observed that temperature variations can affect the measurement performance.Data were collected across temperatures ranging from -20 to 70℃,and a temperature correction model was established through linear regression fitting to address this issue.The feasibility of the temperature correction model was confirmed at temperatures of -5 and 40℃,where relative errors remained below 0.1% after applying the temperature correction.The research indicates that the designed measurement system exhibits excellent temperature adaptability and high precision,making it particularly suitable for measuring weak currents.

Delta Compression Correction Method for Covert Communication in IoT

Covert communication can conceal the existence of wireless transmission and thus has the ability to address information security transfer issue in many applications of the booming Internet of Things(IoT).However,the proliferation of sensing devices has generated massive amounts of data,which has increased the burden of covert communication.Considering the spatiotemporal correlation of data collection causing redundancy between data,eliminating duplicate data before transmission is beneficial for shortening transmission time,reducing the average received signal power of warden,and ultimately realizing covert communication.In this paper,we propose to apply delta compression technology in the gateway to reduce the amount of data generated by IoT devices,and then sent it to the cloud server.To this end,a cost model and evaluation method that is closer to the actual storage mode of computer systems is been constructed.Based on which,the delta version sequence obtained by existing delta compression algorithms is no longer compact,manifested by the still high cost.In this situation,we designed the correction scheme based on instructions merging(CSIM)correction to save costs by merging instructions.Firstly,the delta version sequence is divided into five categories and corresponding merge rules were derived.Then,for any COPY/ADD class delta compression algorithm,merge according to strict to relaxed to selection rules while generating instructions.Finally,a more cost-effective delta version sequence can be gained.The experimental results on random data show that the delta version sequences output by the CSIM corrected 1.5-pass and greedy algorithms have better performance in cost reducing.

Correction to:Error Calculation of Large-Amplitude Internal Solitary Waves Within the Pycnocline Introduced by the Strong Stratification Approximation

In the original publication the third author name is published incorrectly as“Hayatdavoodi Masoud”.The correct author name should be read as“Masoud Hayatdavoodi”.The correct author name is available in this correction.