To some two\|period economies with countable infinite state spaces, the existence of expectation equilibrium of real asset economies with transaction costs is given. This work extends the researches of Zame in 1993.
The purpose of this paper is to expand Trivedi’s study on the influence of channel structure ,which based on product difference, to cost difference; and analyze the evolution course of channel structure under differe...The purpose of this paper is to expand Trivedi’s study on the influence of channel structure ,which based on product difference, to cost difference; and analyze the evolution course of channel structure under different conditions. We find that like product difference, cost difference have important influence on the choice of channel structure. This paper has improved the present result and provided proof for the choice of channel structure under different environments.展开更多
We prove that the model with physical and human capital adjustment costs has optimal solution when the production function is increasing return and the structure of vetor fields of the model changes substantially when...We prove that the model with physical and human capital adjustment costs has optimal solution when the production function is increasing return and the structure of vetor fields of the model changes substantially when the prodution function from decreasing return turns to increasing return. And it is shown that the economy is improved when the coefficients of adjustment costs become small. Key words optimal solution - nonzero equilibrium - adjustment costs CLC number O 29 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (79970104)Biography: RAO Lan-lan (1978-), female, Master candidate, research direction: mathematical economy.展开更多
Cognitive behaviors are determined by underlying neural networks. Many brain functions, such as learning and memory, have been successfully described by attractor dynamics. For decision making in the brain, a quantita...Cognitive behaviors are determined by underlying neural networks. Many brain functions, such as learning and memory, have been successfully described by attractor dynamics. For decision making in the brain, a quantitative description of global attractor landscapes has not yet been completely given. Here, we developed a theoretical framework to quantify the landscape associated with the steady state probability distributions and associated steady state curl flux, measuring the degree of non-equilibrium through the degree of detailed balance breaking for decision making. We quantified the decision-making processes with optimal paths from the undecided attractor states to the decided attractor states, which are identified as basins of attractions, on the landscape. Both landscape and flux determine the kinetic paths and speed. The kinetics and global stability of decision making are explored by quantifying the landscape topography through the barrier heights and the mean first passage time. Our theoretical predictions are in agreement with experimental observations： more errors occur under time pressure. We quantitatively explored two mechanisms of the speed-accuracy tradeoff with speed emphasis and further uncovered the tradeoffs among speed, accuracy, and energy cost. Our results imply that there is an optimal balance among speed, accuracy, and the energy cost in decision making. We uncovered the possible mechanisms of changes of mind and how mind changes improve performance in decision processes. Our landscape approach can help facilitate an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of cognitive processes and identify the key factors in the corresponding neural networks.展开更多
文摘To some two\|period economies with countable infinite state spaces, the existence of expectation equilibrium of real asset economies with transaction costs is given. This work extends the researches of Zame in 1993.
基金Supported by the National Preeminence Youth Foundation of China(No.79275002)
文摘The purpose of this paper is to expand Trivedi’s study on the influence of channel structure ,which based on product difference, to cost difference; and analyze the evolution course of channel structure under different conditions. We find that like product difference, cost difference have important influence on the choice of channel structure. This paper has improved the present result and provided proof for the choice of channel structure under different environments.
文摘We prove that the model with physical and human capital adjustment costs has optimal solution when the production function is increasing return and the structure of vetor fields of the model changes substantially when the prodution function from decreasing return turns to increasing return. And it is shown that the economy is improved when the coefficients of adjustment costs become small. Key words optimal solution - nonzero equilibrium - adjustment costs CLC number O 29 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (79970104)Biography: RAO Lan-lan (1978-), female, Master candidate, research direction: mathematical economy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21190040,91430217,and 11305176)
文摘Cognitive behaviors are determined by underlying neural networks. Many brain functions, such as learning and memory, have been successfully described by attractor dynamics. For decision making in the brain, a quantitative description of global attractor landscapes has not yet been completely given. Here, we developed a theoretical framework to quantify the landscape associated with the steady state probability distributions and associated steady state curl flux, measuring the degree of non-equilibrium through the degree of detailed balance breaking for decision making. We quantified the decision-making processes with optimal paths from the undecided attractor states to the decided attractor states, which are identified as basins of attractions, on the landscape. Both landscape and flux determine the kinetic paths and speed. The kinetics and global stability of decision making are explored by quantifying the landscape topography through the barrier heights and the mean first passage time. Our theoretical predictions are in agreement with experimental observations： more errors occur under time pressure. We quantitatively explored two mechanisms of the speed-accuracy tradeoff with speed emphasis and further uncovered the tradeoffs among speed, accuracy, and energy cost. Our results imply that there is an optimal balance among speed, accuracy, and the energy cost in decision making. We uncovered the possible mechanisms of changes of mind and how mind changes improve performance in decision processes. Our landscape approach can help facilitate an understanding of the underlying physical mechanisms of cognitive processes and identify the key factors in the corresponding neural networks.
