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Implementation of a greenhouse gas reduction roadmap for steel producing companies
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作者 Gediga JOHANNES Dipl-Ing Russ MANFRED Dipl-Ing Pflieger JULIA 《Baosteel Technical Research》 CAS 2010年第S1期128-,共1页
This paper shall show an economic feasible approach to implement greenhouse gas(GHG) reduction measures into steel companies. The goal to improve energy consumption is directly linked to the reduction of GHG emissions... This paper shall show an economic feasible approach to implement greenhouse gas(GHG) reduction measures into steel companies. The goal to improve energy consumption is directly linked to the reduction of GHG emissions and therefore directly in correlation with the economic viability. A baseline scenario of the considered reference system and of the respective reference year has to be defined, mapped and analysed. In a second step an analysis of the same operation using available and prospected best available technology (BAT) processes is carried out to generate a basis for a benchmark system. The identified reduction potentials are reported and the GHG emission reductions are put into relation to the investment cost of the new process technologies/process adaption to be implemented.This economic feasibility calculation is necessary to realise a cost efficient GHG reduction roadmap implementation into the company's business operations. The GHG reduction roadmap is developed using the abatement curve concept to get an indication of ' low hanging fruits' and for establishing a sequence for implementing carbon emission reductions measures. The scope of that approach can be extended by including further important environmental parameters like NOx, SO_2,CO,dust,heavy metal emissions in air as well as production residues.That gives in the end a broader picture and more starting points to improve the overall environmental performance of steel producing companies beyond the GHG emissions and energy consumption. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse gas(GHG) reduction ROADMAP energy efficiency analysis(EEA) BENCHMARK capital cost abatement curve clean development mechanism(CDM)
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Mitigation of greenhouse gases released from mining activities:A review 被引量:7
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作者 Li-yuan Liu Hong-guang Ji +4 位作者 Xiang-feng Lü Tao Wang Sheng Zhi Feng Pei Dao-lu Quan 《International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2021年第4期513-521,共9页
Climate changes that occur as a result of global warming caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases(GHGs)released into the atmosphere are an alarming issue.Controlling greenhouse gas emissions is critically impo... Climate changes that occur as a result of global warming caused by increasing amounts of greenhouse gases(GHGs)released into the atmosphere are an alarming issue.Controlling greenhouse gas emissions is critically important for the current and future status of mining activities.The mining industry is one of the significant contributors of greenhouse gases.In essence,anthropogenic greenhouse gases are emitted directly during the actual mining and indirectly released by the energy-intensive activities associated with mining equipment,ore transport,and the processing industry.Therefore,we reviewed both direct and indirect GHG emissions to analyze how mining contributes to climate change.In addition,we showed how climate change impacts mineral production.This assessment was performed using a GHG inventory model for the gases released from mines undergoing different product life cycles.We also elucidate the key issues and various research outcomes to demonstrate how the mining industry and policymakers can mitigate GHG emission from the mining sector.The review concludes with an overview of GHG release reduction and mitigation strategies. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse gas emission greenhouse gas reduction mining climate change life cycle assessment mitigation strategy
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A comprehensive investigation of loading variance influence on fuel consumption and gas emissions in mine haulage operation 被引量:5
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作者 Soofastaei A. Aminossadati S.M. +1 位作者 Kizil M.S. Knights P. 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2016年第6期995-1001,共7页
The data collected from haul truck payload management systems at various surface mines show that the payload variance is significant and must be considered in analysing the mine productivity, diesel energy consumption... The data collected from haul truck payload management systems at various surface mines show that the payload variance is significant and must be considered in analysing the mine productivity, diesel energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and associated costs. The aim of this study is to determine the energy and cost saving opportunities for truck haulage operations associated with the payload variance in surface mines. The results indicate that there is a non-linear relationship between the payload variance and the fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and associated costs. A correlation model, which is independent of haul road conditions, has been developed between the payload variance and the cost saving using the data from an Australian surface coal mine. The results of analysis for this particular mine show that a significant saving of fuel and greenhouse gas emissions costs is possible if the standard deviation of payload is reduced from the maximum to minimum value. 展开更多
关键词 Energy consumption Haul truck Surface mine greenhouse gas emissions cost
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Analysis of Potential for HFC-23 Emission Reduction in China's Fluorine Chemical Industry
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作者 LIN Hui CUI Yong-Li YANG Li-Rong 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE 2013年第4期260-266,共7页
China is one of the major producers of chlorodifluoromethane(HCFC-22)in the world.A large amount of fluoroform(HFC-23)is emitted during the production of HCFC-22.Emission factors of HFC-23 were calculated in accordanc... China is one of the major producers of chlorodifluoromethane(HCFC-22)in the world.A large amount of fluoroform(HFC-23)is emitted during the production of HCFC-22.Emission factors of HFC-23 were calculated in accordance with the monitoring reports of eleven HFC-23 clean development mechanism(CDM)projects in China and the HFC-23emissions in 2000–2010 as well as that in 2011–2020 were estimated and projected,respectively.It is expected that,by the end of 2020,emissions of HFC-23 in China will be as much as 230 Mt CO2-eq.If HCFC-22 producers voluntarily reduced HFC-23 emissions,it would contribute 3.2%–3.6%to the national CO2emission reduction target for 2020. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse gas HFC-23 potential for emission reduction
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Comparative evaluation of energy and resource consumption for vacuum carbothermal reduction and Pidgeon process used in magnesium production 被引量:3
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作者 Yang Tian Lipeng Wang +4 位作者 Bin Yang Yongnian Dai Baoqiang Xu Fei Wang Neng Xiong 《Journal of Magnesium and Alloys》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第3期756-767,共12页
With the fast development of the application of magnesium based alloys,the demand for primary magnesium is increasing dramatically all over the world.The Pidgeon process is the most widely used process for producing m... With the fast development of the application of magnesium based alloys,the demand for primary magnesium is increasing dramatically all over the world.The Pidgeon process is the most widely used process for producing magnesium in China,but suffers from problems such as high energy,resource consumption and environmental pollution.While the process of vacuum carbothermal reduction to produce magnesium(VCTRM)has attracted more and more attention as its advantages,but it has not been well-practiced in industrial applications and there also is no comprehensive and quantitative analysis of this process.This study quantified the flows of resource and energy for the Pidgeon process and the VCTRM process,then compared and analyzed these two processes with each other from three aspects.The VCTRM process results in 63.14%and 69.16%lower of non-renewable mineral resources and energy consumptions when compared to the Pidgeon process,respectively.Moreover,the low energy consumption(2.675 tce vs.8.681 tce)and material to magnesium ratio(2.953:1 vs.6.429:1)of the VCTRM process,which lead to lower greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions(8.777 t vs.26.337 t)and solid waste generation(0.522 t vs.5.465 t)with a decrease of 66.67%and 90.45%,respectively.Results indicate that the VCTRM process is a more environmentally friendly process for magnesium production with high efficiency but low cost and low pollution,and it shows a good potential to be industrialized in the future after solving the bottleneck problem of the reverse reaction. 展开更多
关键词 Magnesium production Vacuum carbothermal reduction process Pidgeon process Energy and resource consumption greenhouse gas emissions.
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Charging Ahead with E-Buses: Benefits, Costs, and Transition Roadmap
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作者 Aaron Yang Katherine Wan Angela Fanqi Jin 《Open Journal of Applied Sciences》 2024年第9期2717-2748,共32页
This paper reaches a recommendation for the 10-year e-bus transition roadmap for New York City. The lifecycle model of emission reduction demonstrates the ecological and financial impacts of a complete transition from... This paper reaches a recommendation for the 10-year e-bus transition roadmap for New York City. The lifecycle model of emission reduction demonstrates the ecological and financial impacts of a complete transition from the current diesel bus fleet to an all-electric bus fleet in New York City by 2033. This study focuses on the NOx pollution, which is the highest among all major cities by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and greenhouse gases (GHG) with annual emissions of over five million tons. Our model predicts that switching to an all-electric bus fleet will cut GHG emissions by over 390,000 tons and NOx emissions by over 1300 tons annually, in addition to other pollutants such as VOCs and PM 2.5. yielding an annual economic benefit of over 75.94 million USD. This aligns with the city mayor office’s initiative of achieving total carbon neutrality. We further model an optimized transition roadmap that balances ecological and long-term benefits against the costs of the transition, emphasizing feasibility and alignment with the natural replacement cycle of existing buses, ensuring a steady budgeting pattern to minimize interruptions and resistance. Finally, we advocate for collaboration between government agencies, public transportation authorities, and private sectors, including electric buses and charging facility manufacturers, which is essential for fostering innovation and reducing the costs associated with the transition to e-buses. 展开更多
关键词 City Electric Bus greenhouse gas emission reduction Economic Analysis Optimization Model Total cost of Ownership
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Ecological Footprint of Hydropower Development in China and the Associated Reductions of Greenhouse Gas Emission 被引量:1
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作者 鲁春霞 马聪 +1 位作者 章予舒 徐增让 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2013年第4期369-373,共5页
Hydropower, next to coal, is the second most important source of electric power supply in China. It amounted to 20.4% of the nation's total installed capacity of electricity generation in 2011. To provide a comprehen... Hydropower, next to coal, is the second most important source of electric power supply in China. It amounted to 20.4% of the nation's total installed capacity of electricity generation in 2011. To provide a comprehensive picture of the development of hydropower in China and its potential environmental impacts, this study calculates the ecological footprint and greenhouse gas emission reduction of hydropower development in China over the past 60 years. The ecological footprints include the energy ecological footprint and arable land occupation footprint. The energy ecological footprint is calculated in terms of the area of the land which would be used for reforestation in order to assimilate CQ emissions from fossil energy consumption for hydropower development. The arable land occupation footprint is calculated in terms of the area of the land to be inundated by hydropower development. The calculated energy ecological footprint was 502 422 ha in 2010 or about 0.3% of total arable land in China and the calculated inundated land was about 1.42×10 6 ha or about 1.2% of total arable land in China. The regional power grid baseline method was used to calculate the greenhouse gas emission reduction. Results indicated that CQ emission reduction from hydropower development was increasing rapidly since 1949 and reached 5.02×108 tons of COe emission in 2010, with an accumulative total of 6.221×109 tons of CQ emission during the period 1949-2010. 展开更多
关键词 hydropower development ecological footprint greenhouse gas emission reduction China
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Inventory analysis of carbon footprint on greenhouse gas emission of large-scale biogas plants
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作者 Zhou Yuguang Zhang Zongxi +4 位作者 Zhang Yixiang Zhou Jie Chen Li Yin Xuefeng Dong Renjie 《International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS 2016年第4期99-105,共7页
Inventory analysis of greenhouse gas emission for large-scale biogas plants using carbon footprint method still needs to be improved.Based on the life cycle theory,the application of carbon footprint on four large-sca... Inventory analysis of greenhouse gas emission for large-scale biogas plants using carbon footprint method still needs to be improved.Based on the life cycle theory,the application of carbon footprint on four large-scale biogas plants was analyzed in this paper,which comprehensively considered project progresses of civil engineering construction,operation and comprehensive utilization of residues and slurry.Also the greenhouse gas emissions during the construction and waste removal stages were analyzed and estimated.The carbon footprint of those plants was analyzed in different types and scales.The results showed that the larger scale plant will produce relatively lower carbon footprint.The greenhouse gas emission of energy production,utilization during the period of anaerobic digestion accounted for more than 96%of the entire life cycle emission.The proportion of greenhouse gas emissions on equipment,demolition recycling and transportation phases was smaller,which was less than 1.5%and should be simplified in calculation.The greenhouse gas emission of building materials production can be ignored. 展开更多
关键词 biogas plant carbon footprint life cycle greenhouse gas emission reduction
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Integrated agronomic practice management decreases soil carbon emission and increases environmental ecological benefits of summer maize
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作者 Ningning YU Baizhao REN +2 位作者 Bin ZHAO Peng LIU Jiwang ZHANG 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第4期649-658,共10页
Integrated agronomic practice management(IAPM)is an effective strategy for increasing nitrogen(N)use efficiency(NUE)and yield during crop production.Although various studies have evaluated the mechanism of a single ag... Integrated agronomic practice management(IAPM)is an effective strategy for increasing nitrogen(N)use efficiency(NUE)and yield during crop production.Although various studies have evaluated the mechanism of a single agronomic management practice to increase yield and production efficiency and decrease environmental costs,few have investigated the effects of IAPM systems.A field experiment was conducted using four IAPM systems,a local smallholder farmers’practice system(T1),an improved management system(T2),a high-yield production system(T3),and an optimized management system(OMS),to study the annual yield,greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,carbon(C)footprint(CF),and net environmental ecological benefit(NEEB)of summer maize.The results revealed that OMS was the most advantageous choice of IAPM,which increased yield and NUE and reduced GHG emissions and CF.Under OMS,yield and NUE were 42.6%and 88.1%higher,and N_(2)O,CO_(2),and CH4 emissions were on average 35.4%,5.8%,and 156.5%lower,respectively,than those under T1.Of the four IAPM systems,OMS resulted in the best soil quality,the lowest soil bulk density,the highest soil C/N ratio,and the highest soil total organic C content,which contributed to reduced GHG emissions.Carbon footprint and cost were the lowest under OMS,which decreased fertilizer input and GHG emissions.Optimized management system reduced CF and C cost by 5.9%and 33.9%,respectively,and increased NEEB by 111.4%compared to T1.Although T3 had the highest yield,it also had the highest GHG emissions and CF.In conclusion,OMS delivered a high yield and NUE while mitigating negative environmental impacts and increasing NEEB.Therefore,OMS is a suitable management system to increase the productivity and sustainability of summer maize. 展开更多
关键词 carbon cost carbon footprint greenhouse gas emissions net environmental ecological benefit nitrogen use efficiency optimized management system soil quality
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Comparative lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions and their reduction potential for typical petrochemical enterprises in China 被引量:4
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作者 Shujie Zhao Dongfeng Zhao Qingbin Song 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2022年第6期125-138,共14页
Petrochemical enterprises have become a major source of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Yet,due to the unavailability of basic data,there is still a lack of case studies to quantify GHG emissions and provide petro... Petrochemical enterprises have become a major source of global greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Yet,due to the unavailability of basic data,there is still a lack of case studies to quantify GHG emissions and provide petrochemical enterprises with guidelines for implementing energy conservation and emission reduction strategies.Therefore,this study conducted a life cycle assessment(LCA)analysis to estimate the GHG emissions of four typical petrochemical enterprises in China,using first-hand data,to determine possible emission reduction measures.The analytical data revealed that Dushanzi Petrochemical(DSP)has the highest GHG emission intensity(1.17 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by Urumqi Petrochemical(UP)(1.08 tons CO_(2)e/ton),Dalian Petrochemical(DLP)(average 0.58 tons CO_(2)e/ton)and Karamay Petrochemical(KP)(average 0.50 tons CO_(2)e/ton)over the whole life cycle.At the same time,GHG emissions during fossil fuel combustion were the largest contributor to the whole life cycle,accounting for about 77.31%–94.27% of the total emissions.In the fossil-fuel combustion phase,DSP had the highest unit GHG emissions(1.20 tons CO_(2)e),followed by UP(0.89 tons CO_(2)e).In the industrial production phase,DLP had the highest unit GHG emissions(average 0.13 tons CO_(2)e/ton),followed by UP(0.10 tons CO_(2)e/ton).During the torch burning phase,torch burning under accident conditions was the main source of GHG emissions.It is worth noting that the CO_(2) recovery stage has"negative value,"indicating that it will bring some environmental benefits.Further scenario analysis shows that effective policies and advanced technologies can further reduce GHG emissions. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions Petrochemical enterprises Life cycle assessment Scenario analysis reduction opportunities
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Mitigating climate change through diet choice:Costs and CO_(2) emissions of different cookery book-based dietary options in Germany 被引量:1
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作者 Karin KOLBE 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第4期392-400,共9页
The human-food sector is one of the most challenging areas when it comes to greenhouse gas(GHG)reduction.In this study,recipes from similar cookery books were analysed to identify the extent to which CO_(2) reduction ... The human-food sector is one of the most challenging areas when it comes to greenhouse gas(GHG)reduction.In this study,recipes from similar cookery books were analysed to identify the extent to which CO_(2) reduction can be achieved cost-effectively by cooking vegan,ovo-lactovegetarian or meat-containing recipes.A total of 311 recipes from six different German omnivorous,vegetarian and vegan cookery books were analysed in terms of GHG emissions and costs.The results illustrate that,based on calories,the vegan recipes on average lead to a 10% reduction in GHGs compared to vegetarian recipes and a 65% reduction compared to recipes high in meat.The costs for vegan recipes are 45% higher than those for vegetarian recipes.The relatively high prices for vegan dishes result from the cost of meat and dairy replacement products.Overall,GHG emissions from vegan recipes are only slightly lower than those from vegetarian recipes. 展开更多
关键词 Climate change Nutrition greenhouse gas emissions Meat VEGETARIAN VEGAN costS
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Effective goaf gas capture design at Ravensworth Underground Mine 被引量:1
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作者 Miles Brown Scott Hobden 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI 2014年第3期379-383,共5页
This paper highlights a reliable goaf gas capture system developed and used at Ravensworth Under-ground Mine since its trial in 2009. The method utilises horizontal holes drilled from underground sites and connected t... This paper highlights a reliable goaf gas capture system developed and used at Ravensworth Under-ground Mine since its trial in 2009. The method utilises horizontal holes drilled from underground sites and connected to an underground gas pipeline. This system incorporates a gas suction and flaring plant designed specifically for this method. The current method has captured effectively a total longwall, and adjacent goaf gas accounts for over 85%. The design of the holes drilled has been the success of the gas flow reliability. The flow is extraordinarily consistent and predictable. The management of the under-ground pipeline determines the overall reliability of flow. The design has resulted in Ravensworth Man-agement being confident to remove a gas bearing bleeder roadway and still manage the existing tailgate roadway for allowing access as required. The reduction of CO2 equivalent emissions recorded is approx-imately 0.35 ? 106 tons annually. This design has further improvements to be added to allow use at any other site with gas in the overlying strata. 展开更多
关键词 gas capture greenhouse gas emission reduction Directional y dril ed holes COAL
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Techno-economic and Environmental Assessments of SAF from Bioamss:An Review
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作者 MAHMOOD T.M.N.Saeed PANG Shusheng CHEN Qiang 《林产化学与工业》 CAS 2024年第5期29-51,共23页
This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternati... This review presents a comprehensive techno-economic and life-cycle assessment of sustainable aviation fuel(SAF)production from biomass.The critical need for transitioning towards environmentally sustainable alternatives for liquid fuel and aviation industry is first discussed.Key insights encompass the evolutionary progression of biofuel production from first-generation to second-generation biofuels,with a focus on utilizing non-food sources like woody biomass for enhanced sustainability.Available data from the literature on techno-economic assessments of various SAF production pathways are analyzed including production costs,conversion efficiency,and scalability.Moreover,results of lifecycle assessments associated with different SAF production pathways are presented,providing essential insights for decision-making processes.The challenges of scaling up woody biomass-based SAF production are discussed based on the assessment results,and recommendations are proposed to steer stakeholders towards a greener and more sustainable trajectory for aviation operations. 展开更多
关键词 sustainable aviation fuel woody biomass production costs minimum fuel selling price lifecycle assessment greenhouse gas emissions climate change
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Adsorption of methane on biochar for emission reduction in oil and gas fields
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作者 Vivien Yoonhee Ko Jinsheng Wang +3 位作者 lan He David Ryan Xiaojie Zhang Christopher Lan 《Biochar》 SCIE CAS 2023年第1期290-301,共12页
To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is investigated.This work presents results of methane adsorption on four... To contribute to the reduction of methane emissions,using low-cost biochar as adsorbents for capturing and storing methane in oil and gas fields is investigated.This work presents results of methane adsorption on four biochars made from forestry wastes in comparison with the results of three commercial activated carbons.Although the adsorption capacity of the biochars is lower by over 50%than that of the activated carbons,thelow-cost and potential environmental benefits provide the incentive to the investigation.Moreover,it is shown that biochar can store more methane than vessels of compressed gas up to the pressure of 75 bar,suggesting the possibility of avoiding high-pressure gas compression and heavy vessels for cost savings in oil and gas fields.The thermodynamic and kinetic behaviors of the adsorption are studied and implications for the targeted application are discussed. 展开更多
关键词 Biochar Adsorbent Methane emissions greenhouse gas reduction Adsorption behavior
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A Brief Overview of Low CO_2 Emission Technologies forIron and Steel Making 被引量:23
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作者 Chunbao (Charles) XU CANG Da-qiang 《Journal of Iron and Steel Research International》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2010年第3期1-7,共7页
The global steel production has been growing for the last 50 years, from 200 Mt in 1950s to 1 240 Mt in 2006. Iron and steel making industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries, with an annual energy consum... The global steel production has been growing for the last 50 years, from 200 Mt in 1950s to 1 240 Mt in 2006. Iron and steel making industry is one of the most energy-intensive industries, with an annual energy consumption of about 24 EJ, 5% of the world's total energy consumption. The steel industry accounts for 3%-4% of totat world greenhouse gas emissions. Enhancing energy efficiency and employing energy saving/recovering technologies such as coke dry quechning (CDQ) and top pressure recovery turbine (TRT) can be short-term approaches to the steel industry to reduce greenhouse gas emission. The long-term approaches to achieving a significant reduction in CO2 emissions from the steel industry would be through developing and applying CO2 breakthrough technologies for iron and steel making, and:through increasing use of renewable energy for iron and steel making. Thus, an overview of new CO2 breakthrough technologies for iron and steel making was made. 展开更多
关键词 greenhouse gas emission CO2 reduction technology IRONMAKING steelrnaking
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中国发电行业生命周期温室气体减排潜力及成本分析 被引量:10
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作者 廖夏伟 谭清良 +2 位作者 张雯 马晓明 计军平 《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第5期885-891,共7页
基于相关规划目标,分析2020年中国发电行业8类减排发电技术的生命周期温室气体减排潜力、减排成本和单位减排成本。结果表明:1)发电行业共能产生2099.0~2070.3 MtCO2e的减排量,其中水电和核电的减排潜力最大,两者占总潜力的62.90%~63.... 基于相关规划目标,分析2020年中国发电行业8类减排发电技术的生命周期温室气体减排潜力、减排成本和单位减排成本。结果表明:1)发电行业共能产生2099.0~2070.3 MtCO2e的减排量,其中水电和核电的减排潜力最大,两者占总潜力的62.90%~63.34%;2)发电行业总减排成本为3307.6亿元,其中水电的发电成本最低,为783.0亿元,生物质发电的成本最高,为1687.5亿元;3)发电行业的平均单位减排成本为157.6~159.8元/tCO2e,其中水电和核电的单位减排成本最低,分别为104.3~104.8元/tCO2e和13.2~13.3元/tCO2e,天然气发电的最高,为958.8~1598.0元/tCO2e。总体而言,水电和核电的单位减排成本较低且减排潜力大,未来应重点发展这两种发电技术。 展开更多
关键词 生命周期评价 温室气体减排潜力 温室气体减排成本曲线 发电行业
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清洁发展机制下的垃圾处理分析 被引量:12
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作者 楼波 蔡睿贤 《华南理工大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第10期100-104,共5页
垃圾处理作为城市环保问题之一而备受人们关注.文中采用成本收益比较方法,对目前3种较流行的垃圾处理方法:垃圾堆肥、填埋沼气发电、垃圾焚烧发电进行了分析.成本-效益分析表明,它们的净收益都为负值,其中堆肥的成本最低.如果引入CDM(... 垃圾处理作为城市环保问题之一而备受人们关注.文中采用成本收益比较方法,对目前3种较流行的垃圾处理方法:垃圾堆肥、填埋沼气发电、垃圾焚烧发电进行了分析.成本-效益分析表明,它们的净收益都为负值,其中堆肥的成本最低.如果引入CDM(清洁发展机制),获得缔约方中发达国家的减排增量成本资金,垃圾填埋沼气发电、垃圾焚烧发电可以获得正的净收益,特别是垃圾填埋沼气发电,每吨CO2减排增量资金为253.0元,净收益为9.18元/t,成为CDM引资的可能性较大,作为垃圾处理方式更有推广价值. 展开更多
关键词 温室气体 清洁发展机制 垃圾处理 CO2减排 成本
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海运温室气体减排市场机制的不确定性 被引量:6
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作者 顾伟红 徐瑞华 《上海海事大学学报》 北大核心 2012年第3期52-57,共6页
为研究海运温室气体减排市场机制的有效性,分析国际海事组织(International Maritime Or-ganization,IMO)当前正在讨论的主要市场机制的核心要素;提出边际减排成本是确定这些核心要素的关键;指出技术进步的复杂性、海运燃料价格的剧烈... 为研究海运温室气体减排市场机制的有效性,分析国际海事组织(International Maritime Or-ganization,IMO)当前正在讨论的主要市场机制的核心要素;提出边际减排成本是确定这些核心要素的关键;指出技术进步的复杂性、海运燃料价格的剧烈波动、外部成本和执行成本等因素使温室气体边际减排成本存在很大的不确定性.研究发现,实施碳排放交易或国际温室气体基金机制,在刺激船舶所有人进行技术革新方面,因燃油价格、市场景气度的不同,刺激力度不同.当前减排市场机制很不成熟,海运业不应急于推出这些市场机制.充分认识减排市场机制在执行过程和执行效果上的不确定性是国际海运界科学、合理地选择减排机制的关键. 展开更多
关键词 海运温室气体 减排 市场机制 边际减排成本
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中国发电行业温室气体减排技术及潜力分析 被引量:9
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作者 丁军威 周黎辉 +3 位作者 杨庆 张焱 殷立 吴静 《电力系统自动化》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2014年第17期14-19,共6页
电力行业是中国温室气体排放总量最大的行业,其减排潜力空间关系到能源发展走向、节能减排的国际承诺等诸多问题。文中列出了国内电力行业温室气体主要发电减排技术清单,系统性地提出了基于主要发电技术的技术特点、技术路线、资源禀赋... 电力行业是中国温室气体排放总量最大的行业,其减排潜力空间关系到能源发展走向、节能减排的国际承诺等诸多问题。文中列出了国内电力行业温室气体主要发电减排技术清单,系统性地提出了基于主要发电技术的技术特点、技术路线、资源禀赋、制约条件和减排成本的减排潜力研究方法。结合未来国内电力行业发展的情景分析,测算了未来一段时期国内发电行业温室气体的减排潜力,给出了适合现阶段经济社会发展实际的减排情景方案。 展开更多
关键词 温室气体 低碳 发电侧 减排成本 减排潜力 发电行业
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Methane oxidation and attenuation of sulphur compounds in landfill top cover systems: Lab-scale tests 被引量:1
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作者 Roberto Raga Alberto Pivato +2 位作者 Maria Cristina Lavagnolo Laura Megido Raffaello Cossu 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2018年第3期317-326,共10页
In this study,a top cover system is investigated as a control for emissions during the aftercare of new landfills and for old landfills where biogas energy production might not be profitable.Different materials were s... In this study,a top cover system is investigated as a control for emissions during the aftercare of new landfills and for old landfills where biogas energy production might not be profitable.Different materials were studied as landfill cover system in lab-scale columns:mechanical–biological pretreated municipal solid waste(MBP);mechanical–biological pretreated biowaste(PB);fine(PBSf)and coarse(PBSc)mechanical–biological pretreated mixtures of biowaste and sewage sludge,and natural soil(NS).The effectiveness of these materials in removing methane and sulphur compounds from a gas stream was tested,even coupled with activated carbon membranes.Concentrations of CO2,CH4,O2,N2,H2S and mercaptans were analysed at different depths along the columns.Methane degradation was assessed using mass balance and the results were expressed in terms of methane oxidation rate(MOR).The highest maximum and mean MOR were observed for MBP(17.2 g CH4/m^2/hr and 10.3 g CH4/m^2/hr,respectively).Similar values were obtained with PB and PBSc.The lowest values of MOR were obtained for NS(6.7 g CH4/m^2/hr)and PBSf(3.6 g CH4/m^2/hr),which may be due to their low organic content and void index,respectively.Activated membranes with high load capacity did not seem to have an influence on the methane oxidation process:MBP coupled with 220 g/m^2and 360 g/m^2membranes gave maximum MOR of 16.5 g CH4/m^2/hr and 17.4 g CH4/m^2/hr,respectively.Activated carbon membranes proved to be very effective on H2S adsorption.Furthermore,carbonyl sulphide,ethyl mercaptan and isopropyl mercaptan seemed to be easily absorbed by the filling materials. 展开更多
关键词 emission reduction greenhouse gas emissionLandfill Methane oxidation H2S Soil cover
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