SCI、ESI、H-index在基础研究评价体系中的功能比较及启示

SCI首要的功能是引文功能,可帮助科技人员获取需要的最新文献、跟踪国际学术前沿、及时了解国际学术动态、构思重大科学问题等提供信息;其次是在引文索引实践中衍生出对科技研究成果评估的功能,主要侧重于SCI论文数量和期刊影响因子。ESI则是在SCI和SSCI基础上,针对22个专业领域,分别对国家、研究机构、期刊、论文以及科学家10年的数据进行统计分析和排序,主要指标包括:论文收录数、论文被引频次、论文篇均被引频次等;ESI的闪光点是对于论文质量的评价。H-index则是指一个人有N篇论文分别被引用了至少N次;它不仅可以用于评估研究人员过去的学术水平,也可以用于预测未来的学术成就。在科研评估实践中,仅以SCI论文数量为考核指标易致短期行为,而ESI和H-index则是一种长效机制。

Systematic bibliometric analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of premium IOLs in the past 2 decades

AIM:To analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of premium intraocular lens(PIOLs)in the past 2 decades.METHODS:The literature search was performed on the Web of Science and included PIOLs studies published between January 2000 and December 2022.The retrieved literature was collated and analyzed by R-tool’s Bibliometrix package,CitNetExplorer,CiteSpace and other software.RESULTS:A total of 1801 articles about PIOLs were obtained,most of which were published in Spain and the United States.The organization that published the most articles was the University of Valencia in Spain.Alió JL,and Montés-Micó R,from Spain were the most influential authors in this field.The Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery and Journal of Refractive Surgery were the core journals for this field;the top 10 cited articles mainly focus on postoperative satisfaction with multifocal intraocular lens(IOLs)and postoperative results of toric IOLs.Through the keyword analysis,we found that trifocal IOLs,astigmatism and extended depth of focus(EDoF)IOLs are the most discussed topics at present,and the importance of astigmatism and the clinical application of the new generation of PIOLs are the emerging research trends.CONCLUSION:Bibliometric analysis can effectively help to identify multilevel concerns in PIOLs research and the prevailing research trends in the realm of PIOLs encompass the adoption of EDoF IOLs,trifocal IOLs,and their respective Toric models.

The Compound F^2-index and the Compound H-index as Extension of the f^2 and h-indexes from a Dynamic Perspective

Purpose: Elaboration of an indicator to include the dynamic aspect of citations in bibliometric indexes.Design/methodology/approach: A new bibliometric methodology—the f^2-index—is applied at the career level and at the level of the recent 5 years to analyze the dynamic aspect of bibliometrics. The method is applied, as an illustration, to the field of corporate governance.Findings: The compound F^2-index as an extension of the f^2-index recognizes past achievements but also values new research work with potential. The method is extended to the h-index and the h^2-index. An activity index is defined as the ratio between the recent h'-index to the career h-index.Research limitations: The compound F^2 and H-indexes are PAC, probably approximately correct, and depend on the selection and database.Practical implications: The F^2-and H compound indexes allow identifying the rising stars of a field from a dynamic perspective. The activity ratio highlights the contribution of younger researchers.Originality/value: The new methodology demonstrates the underestimated dynamic capacity of bibliometric research.

Research trends, hot spots and prospects for necroptosis in the field of neuroscience

There are two types of cell death-apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptosis is cell death regulated by cell signaling pathways, while necrosis has until recently been considered a passive mechanism of cell death caused by environmental pressures. However, recent studies show that necrosis can also be regulated by specific cell signaling pathways. This mode of death, termed necroptosis, has been found to be related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. We used bibliometrics to analyze the global output of literature on necroptosis in the field of neuroscience published in the period 2007–2019 to identify research hotspots and prospects. We included 145 necroptosisrelated publications and 2239 references published in the Web of Science during 2007–2019. Visualization analysis revealed that the number of publications related to necroptosis has increased year by year, reaching a peak in 2019. China is the country with the largest number of publications. Key word and literature analyses demonstrated that mitochondrial function change, stroke, ischemia/reperfusion and neuroinflammation are likely the research hotspots and future directions of necroptosis research in the nervous system. The relationship between immune response-related factors, damage-associated molecular patterns, pathogen-associated molecular patterns and necroptosis may become a potential research hotspot in the future. Taken together, our findings suggest that although the inherent limitations of bibliometrics may affect the accuracy of the literature-based prediction of research hotspots, the results obtained from the included publications can provide a reference for the study of necroptosis in the field of neuroscience.

Thematic Trends in Complementary and Alternative Medicine Applied in Cancer-Related Symptoms

Purpose： The main goal of this study is to discover the scientific evolution of Cancer-Related Symptoms in Complementary and Alternative Medicine research area, analyzing the articles indexed in the Web of Science database from 1980 to 2013.Design/Methodology/Approach： A co-word science mapping analysis is performed under a longitudinal framework（1980 to 2013）. The documental corpus is divided into two subperiods,1980–2008 and 2009–2013. Thus, the performance and impact rates, and conceptual evolution of the research field are shown.Findings： According to the results, the co-word analysis allows us to identify 12 main thematic areas in this emerging research field： anxiety, survivors and palliative care,meditation, treatment, symptoms and cancer types, postmenopause, cancer pain, low back pain, herbal medicine, children, depression and insomnia, inflammation mediators, and lymphedema. The different research lines are identified according to the main thematic areas,centered fundamentally on anxiety and suffering prevention. The scientific community can use this information to identify where the interest is focused and make decisions in different ways.Research limitation： Several limitations can be addressed： 1） some of the Complementary and Alternative Medicine therapies may not have been included; 2） only the documents indexed in Web of Science are analyzed; and 3） the thematic areas detected could change if another dataset was considered.Practical implications： The results obtained in the present study could be considered as an evidence-based framework in which future studies could be built.Originality/value： Currently, there are no studies that show the thematic evolution of this research area.

Equalities between h-type Indices and Definitions of Rational h-type Indicators

Purpose: To show for which publication-citation arrays h-type indices are equal and to reconsider rational h-type indices. Results for these research questions fill some gaps in existing basic knowledge about h-type indices.Design/methodology/approach: The results and introduction of new indicators are based on well-known definitions.Findings: The research purpose has been reached: answers to the first questions are obtained and new indicators are defined. Research limitations: h-type indices do not meet the Bouyssou-Marchant independence requirement.Practical implications: On the one hand, more insight has been obtained for well-known indices such as the h-and the g-index and on the other hand, simple extensions of existing indicators have been added to the bibliometric toolbox. Relative rational h-type indices are more useful for individuals than the existing absolute ones.Originality/value: Answers to basic questions such as "when are the values of two h-type indices equal" are provided. A new rational h-index is introduced.

Comparative Study of Trace Metrics between Bibliometrics and Patentometrics

Purpose： To comprehensively evaluate the overall performance of a group or an individual in both bibliometrics and patentometrics. Design/methodology/approach： Trace metrics were applied to the top 30 universities in the2014 Academic Ranking of World Universities（ARWU） — computer sciences, the top 30 ESI highly cited papers in the computer sciences field in 2014, as well as the top 30 assignees and the top 30 most cited patents in the National Bureau of Economic Research（NBER） computer hardware and software category.Findings： We found that, by applying trace metrics, the research or marketing impact efficiency, at both group and individual levels, was clearly observed. Furthermore, trace metrics were more sensitive to the different publication-citation distributions than the average citation and h-index were.Research limitations： Trace metrics considered publications with zero citations as negative contributions. One should clarify how he/she evaluates a zero-citation paper or patent before applying trace metrics.Practical implications： Decision makers could regularly examinine the performance of their university/company by applying trace metrics and adjust their policies accordingly.Originality/value： Trace metrics could be applied both in bibliometrics and patentometrics and provide a comprehensive view. Moreover, the high sensitivity and unique impact efficiency view provided by trace metrics can facilitate decision makers in examining and adjusting their policies.

Development of a Method for Assessing Country-Based Flood Risk at the Global Scale

International frameworks such as the Sustainable Development Goals and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 require the quantification of country-based flood risk.However,few approaches at the global scale include the three necessary components(hazard,exposure,and vulnerability)for determining disaster risk and are country-based assessments,owing to major challenges such as limited data availability and vulnerability proxy selection.Therefore,in this study,a method was developed with the following features:Incorporating the hazard,exposure,and vulnerability components;Applicable to the vast majority of countries in the world;Visualizing priority countries and illustrating effective measures and strategies;Clear and easy to understand by leaders and decision makers of international organizations,governments,and other stakeholders;Identifying each country’s challenges and providing guidance on specific issues for more detailed investigation and policy creation;Including more extensive factors compared with past studies.In Asia and the Pacific,the Flood Risk Index computed by the developed method is compared with the fatality ratio,and the results show that improving flood resilience secures people and society regardless of the magnitude and frequency of floods.Analysis at the global scale visualizes regional tendencies and indicates that countries closer to the equator have higher flood risk.Analysis of country-based flood risk based on five indicators demonstrates that the developed method can assist international organizations,governments,and other stakeholders to further examine country-specific conditions and establish and implement policies and strategies toward building a resilient society and achieving international targets.

Hybrid Professionals and Academic Productivity: The Case of the University Polyclinic in Messina (Sicily)

The productivity of medical staff within a polyclinic is not an easy task due to the multiple activities that physicians must perform at the same time: not only healthcare for patients, but also academic activities, such as scientific research and teaching. Hybrid professionals are healthcare professionals who have to play multiple roles, often not precisely identified. This analysis examines the case study of the University Polyclinic of Messina (Italy) where three university departments and 7 Dipartimenti di Attività Integrate (DAI) are distinguished and physicians (both professors and researchers) are called to reconcile multiple tasks. Given the distinction between university departments and DAIs, the aim of this contribution is to identify the organizational elements that prove to be predictors of scientific efficiency and productivity. To what extent does the inclusion in a DAI or within a university department affect individual incentives? A new dataset is built for the present research containing information on University Polyclinic of Messina physicians (full professors, associate professors, researchers). From the Scopus online database (https://www.scopus.com/home.uri) individual information relating to the number of publications, the number of citations, h-index was obtained. The latter is used to assess the quality of individual research;in order to evaluate the teaching activity, the number of hours dedicated to didactical activities is taken into account, together with the number of teaching hours required by one’s role. Information related to remuneration and the circumstance of carrying out intramural activities has also been included. A thorough statistical analysis is carried out and the individual groups (DAI and university departments) are compared through the Kruskal Wallis test. Estimating a Poisson Gamma mixture model highlights those variables that are significant predictors of scientific productivity. Attention paid to organizational methods should allow identifying the ideal setting for hybrid professionals to practice the medical profession, while carrying out managerial duties, without compromising the quality of teaching and research. An efficient solution could thus be proposed to the complex multi-objective optimization problem that healthcare professionals are called to answer.

Gauging a Firm's Innovative Performance Using an Integrated Structural Index for Patents

Purpose： In this contribution we try to find new indicators to measure characteristics of a finn＇s patents and their influence on a company＇s profits. Design/methodology/approach： We realize that patentevaluation and influence on a company＇s profits is a complicated issue requiring different perspectives. For this reason we design two types of structural h-indices, derived from the International Patent Classification （IPC）. In a case study we apply not only basic statistics but also a nested case-control methodology. Findings： The resulting indicator values based on a large dataset （19,080 patents in total） from the pharmaceutical industry show that the new structural indices are significantly correlated with a firm＇s profits. Research limitations： The new structural index and the synthetic structural index have just been applied in one case study in the pharmaceutical industry. Practical implications： Our study suggests useful implications for patentometric studies and leads to suggestions for different sized firms to include a healthy research and development （R＆D） policy management. The structural h-index can be used to gauge the profits resulting from the innovative performance of a firm＇s patent portfolio. Originality/value： Traditionally, the breadth and depth of patents of a firm and their citations are considered separately. This approach, however, does not provide an integrated insight in the major characteristics of a firm＇s patents. The Sh（Y） index, proposed in our investigation, can reflect a firm＇s innovation activities, its technological breadth, and its influence in an integrated way.

New Index for Quantifying an Individual＇s Scientific Research Output

Classifying researchers＇ work according to the quality of their publications rather than the quantity of their publications is an important issue. To this end we introduce a new measure, the ＂percentage range＂ or A-index, which provides a qualitative evaluation of a researchers＇ productivity. The percentage range depends to a great extent on the number of single-author published papers and their citations. It is to be a new index to be considered along with the h-index. The combined factors have the advantage of making clearer the innovation of the individual authors. The resultant percentage range gives a reduced impact on its numerical value for authors who gain citations by adding their names on multi-author papers. It is shown that various dimensions of ethical integrity and originality are clarified by the new index. The important scenarios arising from this analysis are demonstrated with examples, The great differences between the new percentage range and old h-index come from the percentage range＇s emphasis on considering the whole work of an author, including the significance of the author＇s single-author papers as opposed to multiple-author contributions. This emphasis is demonstrated.

The Consistency Measurement in Document Publications and Citation Using t-Index

Recent time handling uncertainty and its measurement is considered as one of the major issues by data science and applied mathematics researchers. It becomes more complex when the dynamicity exists in data sets. One of the suitable examples is Scopus data sets which changes every time. In this case, precise measurement of consistency in document and citation publications is considered as one of the issues. It becomes more complex when the parameter like h-index and document count can be also manipulated over the period of time. To resolve this issue, a time-based index called as “t-index” is illustrated in this paper with an example. This method measures the randomness in document publication and citation using the average h-index and its entropy measurement.

M-SCORE: AN INDICATOR QUANTIFYING INDIVIDUAL'S SCIENTIFICRESEARCHOUTPUT

This study introduces a new bibliometric indicator,m-score,quantifying individual's scientific research output.m-score is based on the initiative of h-index using a single number to measure research performance but overcome its inconsistency in measurement.Comparing with the h-index,the m-score can measure research performance more consistently and accurately with the combination of the productivity and the quality.

A causational analysis of scholars' years of active academic careers vis-à-vis their academic productivity and academic influence

Taking the scholarly activities of 73 doctoral program mentors working at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College(the CAMS &PUMC) as a sample of our investigative survey, we tried using such statistical methods as the analysis of variance(ANOVA), factor analysis and correlation analysis to compare the different characteristics of scholarship assessment of Chinese medical scholars as exhibited in their published papers in domestic and foreign journals. Our research findings show that citations per paper and A-index are more suitable for assessing the highly accomplished senior Chinese medical professionals(e.g. academicians) for their domestic and international scholarship attainment. In contrast, the m-quotient is not deemed appropriate to assess their academic influence both at home and abroad. Upon our further analysis of 6 evaluative indicators, we noticed that these indicators might be applied in two different aspects: One is from the viewpoint of Chinese scholars' academic influence at home, which has been evaluated mainly from the perspective of 'total' amount and 'average' amount of both publications and citations. The other is from their academic impact embodied by the means of documents retrieved from the Web of Science, which is mainly assessed from the two viewpoints of publications and citations. It is suggested that the accumulated time-length of a given scholar's active engagement in professional practice in a specific subject area be taken into consideration while assessing a researcher's performance at home and abroad.

h-index在人文社会科学领域成果评价中的适用性探讨

以上海交通大学的Academic Ranking of World University(ARWU)人文社会科学领域排名前50位的研究机构为研究对象,以Web of Science为统计数据来源,应用统计学原理和方法分析h-index与ARWU排名中的各项评价指标以及与传统的文献计量指标之间的关联性,结果表明:h-index与ARWU的核心指标、与论文发表总数和被引频次都有着很强的关联性,总被引频次和单篇引用频次分别符合Hirsch模型和Glanzel-Shubert模型,并实际计算出两个模型中的参数α和c。总之,为h-index在人文社会科学领域的适用性研究提供进一步的实证。

学科期刊的h-index、IF_5和h_(Tci)-median实证评析

以Web of Science和JCR为数据来源,借助于h-index、五年期影响因子(IF5)和某一期刊的hindex所涵盖的所有论文的被引频次密度中位数hTci-median 3个指标,通过对物理、生命医学基础、财经和社会科学领域在JCR2010年引证报告中IF5排名前50的期刊的统计分析,确认它们在各自学科期刊中的核心地位,提出对个刊进行三段式评估的途径。此外,用大量的数据深入揭示h-index和IF5及新指标hTci-median在期刊评价中的内涵和属性区别,表明hTci-median成为一个新的期刊评价指标的科学性。

Two indicators rule them all:Mean and standard deviation used to calculate other journal indicators based on log-normal distribution of citation counts

Two journal-level indicators,respectively the mean(mi)and the standard deviation(vi)are proposed to be the core indicators of each journal and we show that quite several other indicators can be calculated from those two core indicators,assuming that yearly citation counts of papers in each journal follow more or less a log-normal distribution.Those other journal-level indicators include journal index,journal one-by-one-sample comparison citation success index S_(j)^(i),journal multiple-sample K^(i)-K^(j) comparison success rate S_(j,k^(j)^(i,k^(i))),and minimum representative sizes k_(j)^(i) and k_(i)^(j),the average ranking of all papers in a journal in a set of journals(R^(t)).We find that those indicators are consistent with those calculated directly using the raw citation data({C^(i)=(c_(1)^(i),c_(2)^(j),...c_(N)^(i),■i})of journals.In addition to its theoretical significance,the ability to estimate other indicators from core indicators has practical implications.This feature enables individuals who lack access to raw citation count data to utilize other indicators by simply using core indicators,which are typically easily accessible.

一种基于网络分析的学者学术影响力计算方法

【目的/意义】学术影响力评价方法的客观性和合理性对科技人才、学术团体、国家等科研实力的评估具有重要作用。【方法/过程】传统方法一般根据学者的论文发表量和总被引频次等来度量,这些方法虽然计算简便,但是比较粗糙,使得评议结果暗含不公平、不合理等现象,备受争议。为了解决以上问题,本文通过构建学者论文关系网络,从学者发表论文的数量和质量,以及论文引用者等多角度,设计了一种自动计算学者学术影响力的方法(简称ACSAI)。【结果/结论】该方法综合利用了引文分析和同行评议等方法的优势,并消除了人们主观感受等因素的制约。并且相比h-index方法,本文不仅提高了区分性,还打破了论文发表量的局限性,使得计算结果更合理,且易于实施。【创新/局限】本文方法同等对待论文合作者对论文的学术贡献,在后续研究中将区别合作者对论文的不同贡献度量,以便更符合论文作者的真实贡献情况。

Bibliometrics： tracking research impact by selecting Lhe appropriate metrics

Traditionally, the success of a researcher is assessed by the number of publications he or she publishes in peer-reviewed, indexed, high impact journals. This essential yardstick, often referred to as the impact of a specific researcher, is assessed through the use of various metrics. While researchers may be acquainted with such matrices, many do not know how to use them to enhance their careers. In addition to these metrics, a number of other factors should be taken into consideration to objectively evaluate a scientist＇s profile as a researcher and academician. Moreover, each metric has its own limitations that need to be considered when selecting an appropriate metric for evaluation. This paper provides a broad overview of the wide array of metrics currently in use in academia and research. Popular metrics are discussed and defined, including traditional metrics and article-level metrics, some of which are applied to researchers for a greater understanding of a particular concept, including varicocete that is the thematic area of this Special Issue of Asian Journal of Andrology. We recommend the combined use of quantitative and qualitative evaluation using judiciously selected metrics for a more objective assessment of scholarly output and research impact.

First and Others credit-assignment schema for evaluating the academic contribution of coauthors

Credit-assignment schemas are widely applied by providing fixed or flexible credit distribution formulas to evaluate the contributions of coauthors of a scientific publication. In this paper, we propose an approach named First and Others （F＆O） counting. By introducing a tuning parameter a and a weight β, two new properties are obtained： （1） flexible assignment of credits by modifying the formula （with the change of a） and applying preference to the individual author by adjusting the weights （with the change ofβ）, and （2） calculation of the credits by separating the formula for the first author from others. With formula separation, the credit of the second author shows an inflection point according to the change ofa. The developed theorems and proofs concerning the modification of a and fl reveal new properties and complement the base theory for informetrics. The F＆O schema is also adapted when considering the policy of＇first-corresponding-author-emphasis＇. Through a comparative analysis using a set of empirical data from the fields of chemistry, medicine, psychology, and the Harvard survey data, the performance of the F＆O approach is compared with those of other methods to demonstrate its benefits by the criteria of lack of fit and coefficient of determination.