Endovascular treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms in the internal carotid artery using a Willis covered stent

Background Despite the current availability of flow diverter devices(FDD), problems remains regarding optimal endovascular treatment(EVT) for blood blister-like aneurysms(BBAs) of the internal carotid artery(ICA). Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of EVT of BBAs in the ICA with a Willis covered stent. Methods 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Results 20 consecutive patients(5 men and 15 women) with ruptured BBAs underwent EVT using a Willis covered stent in two institutions from March 2013 to March 2018. Clinical observations, angiographic characteristics, and procedural and follow-up outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Conclusion Our initial results demonstrate that reconstructive EVT using a Willis covered stent provides a viable approach to treat ICA BBAs. However, an expanded clinical evaluation and larger cohort are needed to confirm the results.

Willis covered stent in the treatment of a recurrent blood blister-like aneurysm after pipeline implementation:A case report

Blood blister-like aneurysms(BBAs)are fragile and difficult to treat.However,the optimal treatment has yet to be determined.Pipeline embolization devices and Willis covered stent implementation are still controversial strategies for treating BBA.Herein,we report a case of recurrent BBA successfully treated with a Willis covered stent.A long-term follow-up angiography after the procedure indicated complete occlusion of the aneurysm.This case demonstrates the safety and efficacy of applying the Wills cover stent in the treatment of recurrent BBA after Pipeline implantation.

Endoleak management and postoperative surveillance following endovascular repair of internal carotid artery vascular diseases using Willis covered stent

Background:To report the clinical results and experiences of endoleak management and postoperative surveillance following endovascular repair of internal carotid artery vascular diseases(ICAVDs)using Willis covered stents.METHODS:Seventy-three patients with ICAVD who received Willis covered stent implantation between November 2013 and September 2018 were retrospectively reviewed.The clinical data of endoleak management and postoperative surveillance were analyzed.RESULTS:Seventy-three cases with ICAVD,including 57 aneurysms,11 carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas(CCF),and 5 surgical injuries,were all successfully installed with covered stents.Total isolation of ICAVDs was achieved in 59 patients(80.8%),and endoleaks were observed in 14 patients(19.2%).Of the 14 patients with endoleaks,12 had type I endoleaks and 2 had type II;13 had aneurysms and one had CCF.10 patients with type I endoleaks received balloon dilatation,and 7 of them underwent a second stent-graft implantation after then.One patient with type II endoleak received embolization of the branch artery,and another one received follow-up observation.Endoleaks resolved in 6 patients and were minimal in 5 patients after balloon dilatation or the second stent implantation.During the follow-up period,minor endoleaks spontaneously resolved in 4 patients and minimal endoleaks were still demonstrated in 4 patients without enlargement of residual lumen and rupture.CONCLUSIONS:Endoleaks are the major complication after endovascular repair of ICAVDs and represent one of the limitations of this procedure.Improving the understanding and management of endoleaks can be beneficial in the clinical setting,including the popularization and application of this technique.

Endovascular stent-grafts for acute and chronic type B aortic dissection: comparison of clinical outcomes

Objective To evaluate the early and mid-term results of endovascular repair for acute and chronic type B aortic dissection, and to compare the clinical outcomes between the 2 groups. Methods From May 2002 to December 2006, 50 patients with type B aortic dissection were treated by endovascular stent-graft. There were 23 patients in the acute aortic dissection (AAD) group and 27 patients in the chronic aortic dissection (CAD) group. All patients were followed up from 1 to 54 months (average, 17±16 months).The immediate and follow-up clinical outcomes were documented and compared between the 2 groups. Results Placement of endovascular stent-grafts across the primary entry tears was technically successful in all 50 patients. Compared to the CAD group, the AAD group had a higher percentage of pleural effusion (17.4% vs. 0%, P=0.04) and visceral /leg ischemia (26.1% vs 3.7%, P=0.04). Procedure related complications, including endoleak and post-implantation syndrome, occurred more frequently in the AAD group than in the CAD group (21.7% vs 3.7% and 30.4% vs 11.1%, respectively; P=0.08 and P=0.04). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no difference in the survival rate at 4 years between the 2 groups (86.4% vs 92.3%, P=0.42 by log-rank test). However, the event-free survival rate was higher in patients with chronic dissection than in patients with acute aortic dissection(96.2% vs 73.9%; P=0.02 by log-rank test). Conclu- sions Endovascular repair with stent-graft was safe and effective for the treatment of both acute and chronic type B aortic dissection. However, both immediate and long term major complications occurred more frequently in patients with acute dissection than in those with chronic dissection.

Reconstructive treatment of symptomatic vertebral artery dissecting aneurysms with Willis covered stent: Initial experience

Background:Symptomatic vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm(VADA)is a challenging disease with controversy on treatment strategy due to anatomic configuration and their nature.Moreover,the outcomes of reconstructive treatment have not been well established.Objective:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of reconstructive endovascular treatment(EVT)for symptomatic VADAs with Willis covered stent.Methods:We evaluated retrospectively 13 patients with symptomatic VADAs who treated with Willis covered stent,compared with stent-assisted coiling(SAC)on the characteristics,posttreatment course,angiographic and clinical follow-up outcomes at an average of 14.4 months(range,3-48 months).Results:A total of 33 patients with symptomatic VADAs were reviewed,23 of these patients with ruptured VADAs.The technical successful rate is 100%respectively in Willis covered stent(Group A)and SAC(Group B,n=20).The initial complete occlusion rate was significant higher in group A(100%)than group B(30%)(p<0.01).Major procedure-related complications were not significant different in the two groups.Serial follow-up angiograms revealed 5 recurrent VADAs in group B and no recurrence in group A(p>0.05).No obvious in-stent stenosis and no re-hemorrhage and delayed ischemic symptoms during the follow-up period.The final angiograms of all survived patients demonstrated the complete occlusion rate was higher in group A(100%)than group B(80%),but no significant statistical difference(p>0.05).Clinical outcomes were favorable in 31(93.9%),severe disability occurred in one in group B,and only one death in group A.The final clinical outcomes were also not significant difference in the two groups(p>0.05).Conclusions:Our initial result demonstrated reconstructive EVT with Willis covered stent provides a viable approach for selected symptomatic VADAs involving the intracranial and extracranial segments,which is similar to favorable results with SAC.However,an expanded clinical experiences and larger cohort studies are needed.

Total endovascular repair of aberrant right subclavian artery using caster branched stent-graft

A 57-year-old man has 20-year history of hypertension presented with intermittent chronic pain in the chest area and shoulder blades over the last three months.Computed tomographic angiography(CTA)on admission revealed a chronic type B aortic dissection(TBAD)with an aberrant right subclavian artery(ARSA)crossed behind the trachea and bovine aortic arch(Figure IB).

Endovascular stent-grafts for acute and chronic type B aortic dissection: comparison of clinical outcomes

Within the recent months, endovascular repair of aortic aneurysms has become a rather interesting alternative to patients considering open surgery. In the past, the procedure was typically and more solely reserved to a selected group of elderly patients with several co-morbidities.……

覆膜支架与裸支架在主髂动脉闭塞症中的疗效分析

主髂动脉闭塞症(AIOD)是以盆腔缺血和/或下肢缺血为主要表现的疾病,其发病率、就诊率呈逐年上升趋势,已成为血管外科的常见疾病。随着介入材料不断发展和手术医师介入技术的不断提高,腔内治疗凭借其创伤小、操作方便、效果明确、周期短、病死率低、术后并发症少等优点,逐步成为临床医师治疗AIOD的首选治疗方式。目前关于裸支架和覆膜支架在AIOD患者中的疗效研究较少,本综述旨在探讨覆膜支架与裸支架在AIOD中的疗效,以期为AIOD患者的腔内治疗提供参考。

胸主动脉腔内隔绝术在破裂性胸降主动脉瘤治疗中的应用

目的 评价破裂性胸降主动脉瘤腔内治疗的效果,并总结治疗经验。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2023年6月张家界市人民医院血管介入外科收治的8例破裂性胸降主动脉瘤患者的临床资料。其中男性4例,女性4例,中位年龄70.5岁(61~78岁)。8例术前均行主动脉CTA检查明确胸降主动脉瘤且存在胸腔或(和)纵隔血肿,均急诊行胸主动脉腔内隔绝术。结果 6例患者胸降主动脉瘤隔绝彻底,其中2例患者采用烟囱支架技术重建左锁骨下动脉。另外2例患者存在少量Ⅰa型内漏,在近端植入CUFF支架后内漏消失。住院期间1例患者发生食管主动脉瘘导致脓毒性休克死亡,3例患者术后出现呼吸衰竭,行胸腔穿刺引流、抗感染、呼吸机辅助呼吸治疗后恢复。2例患者术后出现缺血性脑卒中,1例表现为患侧肢体肌力3级伴语言障碍,1例表现为患侧肢体肌力4级伴语言障碍。随访期间1例术后7个月再次突发胸痛死亡,1例未植入烟囱支架的患者于术后18个月出现Ⅰa型内漏,近端植入CUFF支架后内漏消失。其余5例病例随访期间情况良好。结论 破裂性胸降主动脉瘤行腔内治疗安全、有效。

Short-term results in canines of novel stent-graft design for chimney technique in TEVAR

Introduction:Parallel stent-stent grafting is a major endovascular technique used to preserve the supra-aortic branches during thoracic endovascular aortic repair(TEVAR)of aortic pathologies involving the aortic arch.The short-and mid-term results of this technique are satisfactory;however,endoleak remains a major concern.Thus,here we designed a new chimney stent-graft to decrease the endoleak rate.Aim:To testify the feasibility and safety of the new chimney stent-graft system in a canine model.Material and methods:Six Labrador retrievers were used.Pre-operative data were collected and all operations were performed under general anesthesia.The main and chimney stent-grafts were implanted through the abdominal aorta and left subclavian artery approaches,respectively.Completion digital subtraction angiography(DSA)was performed to confirm the immediate outcomes.All dogs were fed separately for 6 months and sacrificed after aortic angiography.The thoracic aorta and the main and chimney stent-grafts were harvested for histopathologic examination.Results:No complications were found in follow-up DSA.All branch arteries were patent.In?ammatory responses were observed around the stent-grafts in 3 experimental animals,and slight hyperplasia was observed in the surrounding tissues compared with the normal vessels.There was no mural thrombus in the stent,endothelial cells were noted on the inner surface of the stent,and thrombus was formed in the outer skirt and gutter area.The histopathologic examinations revealed similar results to those of gross necropsy observations.Conclusions:This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of the Longuette stent-graft and the first to report a revised stent-graft specific for chimney technique.

Endovascular pseudoaneurysm repair after distal pancreatectomy with celiac axis resection

Erosive hemorrhage due to pseudoaneurysm is one of the most life-threatening complications after pancreatectomy.Here,we report an extremely rare case of rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of the common hepatic artery(CHA)stump that developed after distal pancreatectomy with en block celiac axis resection(DP-CAR),and was successfully treated through covered stent placement.The patient is a 66-year-old woman who underwent DP-CAR after adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic body cancer.She developed an intra-abdominal abscess around the remnant pancreas head 31 d after the surgery,and computed tomography(CT)showed an occluded portal vein due to the spreading inflammation around the abscess.Her general condition improved after CT-guided drainage of the abscess.However,19 d later,she presented with melena,and CT showed a pseudoaneurysm arising from the CHA stump.Because the CHA had been resected during the DP-CAR,this artery could not be used as the access route for endovascular treatment,and instead,we placed a covered stent via the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery originating from the superior mesenteric artery.After stent placement,cessation of bleeding and anterograde hepatic artery flow were confirmed,and the patient recovered well without any further complications.CT angiography at the 6-mo follow-up indicated the patency of the covered stent with sustained hepatic artery flow.To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of endovascular repair of a pseudoaneurysm that developed after DP-CAR.

逆行性A型主动脉夹层腔内隔绝治疗效果观察

目的观察逆行性A型主动脉夹层的腔内隔绝治疗效果,探讨逆行性A型主动脉夹层腔内隔绝治疗的策略。方法选取湖南中医药大学第一附属医院2016年10月至2020年11月近端内膜破口位于降主动脉的逆行性A型主动脉夹层患者19例,行主动脉覆膜支架植入术,并于术后1周、3个月、半年、1年随访观察治疗效果。结果全组随访无一例患者死亡,2例患者支架近端主动脉弓部出现局限性溃疡,2例出现升主动脉夹层,1例支架远端出现夹层,其余14例患者均恢复良好,无相关并发症。结论近端内膜破口位于降主动脉的逆行性A型主动脉夹层患者,经保守治疗后择期行腔内隔绝手术的治疗策略近中期效果理想。

Mid-term outcomes of left subclavian artery revascularization with Castor stent graft in treatment of type B aortic dissection in left subclavian artery

Background:Here we analyzed mid-term data of thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair(TEVAR)surgery with Castor single-branched stent graft placement for the management of Stanford type B aortic dissection(STBAD)involving the left subclavian artery(LSA).Methods:Between April 2014 and February 2019,32 patients with STBAD involving a Castor single-branched stent graft were included.We analyzed their outcomes,including technical success rate(TSR),surgical duration(SD),presence of ischemia,perioperative complications,LSA patency,and survival rate(SR),using computed tomography angiography and clinical evaluation during mid-term follow-up.Results:The mean patient age was 54.63±12.37 years(range,36–83 years).The TSR was 96.88%(n=31/32).The mean SD was 87.44±10.89 with a mean contrast volume of 125.31±19.30 mL.No neurological complications or deaths occurred during the study period.The patients had a mean hospital stay of 7.84±3.20 days.At a mean follow-up of 68.78±11.26 months,four non-aortic deaths(12.5%)were observed.The LSA patency rate was 100%(n=28/28).There was only one case of type I endoleak immediately after surgery(3.12%)(type I from LSA).However,none of the patients experienced type II endoleaks,and there were no cases of retrograde type A aortic dissection or stent graft-driven new distal entry.Finally,all patients exhibited good LSA patency.Conclusion:TEVAR using a Castor single-branched stent graft may be a highly feasible and efficient procedure for the management of STBAD involving the LSA.

CT诊断主动脉弓假性动脉瘤1例

本研究报告了一例主动脉弓假性动脉瘤的诊疗经过。1例男性老年患者因发热伴消瘦入院就诊,胸部CT平扫示主动脉弓多发钙化斑块形成,治疗两周后患者发热症状无明显改善,胸部CT平扫复查提示主动脉弓上软组织密度影,进一步主动脉CTA检查考虑为主动脉弓假性动脉瘤。血管造影检查确诊主动脉弓假性动脉瘤,结合患者病史及血培养阳性结果,考虑感染性假性动脉瘤,行动脉瘤覆膜支架腔内隔绝术后成功治愈。

Case Report of a Pseudoaneurysm of Ascending Aorta Treated by Stent

Pseudoaneurysms of the ascending aorta are a rare complication of aortic and cardiac surgery. In this article, we present a clinical case of a 56-year-old patient with a fortuitous diagnosis of a pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta that was treated by an endovascular stent-graft. We discuss in this article the diagnostic and therapeutic aspect of the case and the place of endovascular treatment for the ascending aorta.

腹主动脉覆膜支架腔内修复术后并发症相关的术中危险因素与预警模型研究

目的探讨腹主动脉覆膜支架腔内修复术(EVAR)后并发症相关的术中危险因素与预警模型。方法收集2020年1月至2022年12月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院进行覆膜支架EVAR治疗的90例腹主动脉瘤患者的临床资料,将30例发生术后并发症的患者作为并发症组,根据并发症组患者的年龄、性别按1:2的比例采用倾向性评分匹配法将60例未发生术后并发症的患者作为无并发症组。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析腹主动脉覆膜支架EVAR术后并发症相关的术中危险因素,明确危险因素与腹主动脉瘤覆膜支架EVAR术后发生并发症的关系并建立预警模型,根据预警模型制定术中预防措施。结果单因素分析结果显示,并发症组患者术中栓塞双侧髂内动脉的比例、术中最低体温、术中平均动脉压(MAP)最大差均高于无并发症组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,术中最低体温较高为腹主动脉覆膜支架EVAR术后发生并发症的保护因素(P﹤0.05),术中MAP最大差较大、术中栓塞双侧髂内动脉均为腹主动脉覆膜支架EVAR术后发生并发症的危险因素(P﹤0.05)。根据危险因素建立腹主动脉覆膜支架EVAR术后发生并发症的预警模型,术中MAP最大差的cut-off值≥16.16 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),术中最低体温的cut-off值≤36.30℃;术中MAP最大差的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.778,术中最低体温的AUC为0.713。结论腹主动脉覆膜支架EVAR术中给予保温措施、预防血压过度波动、尽量保留单侧髂内动脉可有效降低患者术后并发症的发生风险。

覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗外周动脉瘤

目的探讨外周动脉瘤应用覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗的疗效和安全性。方法对12例外周动脉瘤(真性动脉瘤5例,假性动脉瘤7例)患者行经股动脉穿刺插管造影,之后于病变部位放置覆膜支架行腔内隔绝术。结果 12例成功进行外周动脉瘤覆膜支架腔内隔绝术,其中11例动脉瘤腔完全封闭隔绝,1例动脉瘤治疗后有内漏,无手术相关并发症,即刻造影示置入覆膜支架远端动脉均血流通畅。随访观察3～36个月,无动脉瘤复发及动脉瘤相关并发症发生,1例3个月后发生覆膜支架腔内闭塞。结论覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗外周动脉瘤是一种创伤小、安全易行、疗效确切的治疗方法。

应用Willis覆膜支架治疗脑池段动脉瘤的临床对照研究和长期随访结果

目的复杂性颈内动脉脑池段动脉瘤(ICA-CSA)治疗难度很高。本研究通过与弹簧圈填塞治疗疗效比较,探讨Willis覆膜支架治疗ICA-CSA的可行性。方法19枚和17枚ICA-CSA分别使用Willis覆膜支架植入(A组)和弹簧圈(B组)填塞治疗。即刻和随访血管造影评价动脉瘤复发,内漏和载瘤动脉狭窄情况。Kaplan-Meier生存分析曲线比较两组治疗动脉瘤的无复发率和载瘤动脉无再狭窄率。结果A组中,13枚ICA-CSA植入支架,即刻造影完全闭塞,有5枚ICA-CSA存在少量内漏;B组中,7枚ICA-CSA弹簧圈填塞即刻达到完全和次完全闭塞,8枚达到大部填塞,2枚部分填塞。在两组中各发生1例急性血栓形成,1例弹簧圈填塞后发生再出血。A组随访造影显示16枚ICA-CSA完全闭塞,2支载瘤动脉有轻度狭窄。Kaplan-Meier曲线分析表明术后18个月两组病例中分别有93.3%和50%动脉瘤治疗后无复发,分别有87.5%和100%载瘤动脉无狭窄。临床症状随访研究表明A组和B组病例中神经症状完全恢复分别为9例和9例,明显改善分别为3例和5例,无改变分别为2例和2例,恶化进展分别为1例和0例。结论应用Willis覆膜支架植入治疗复杂性ICA-CSA是一种可行的血管内治疗方法,但是对于载瘤动脉极其弯曲和重要侧支覆盖风险的情况下,覆膜支架技术不能作为第一选择。

覆膜支架治疗颅内动脉疾病的临床分析

目的探讨覆膜支架在治疗颅内动脉疾病中应用的可行性和适应证。方法使用覆膜支架行病变隔绝术治疗20例患者。根据靶血管的直径和病变的长度,选择覆膜支架的直径和长度。共治疗椎动脉颅内段动脉瘤5例、颅底以上颈内动脉动脉瘤7例,经蝶手术致颈内动脉破损1例,外伤性颈内动脉动脉瘤3例、外伤性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘3例、颈内动脉海绵窦段狭窄伴自发性颈内动脉海绵窦瘘1例。共使用覆膜支架21枚,裸支架与覆膜支架联合使用3例。结果一次性成功放置支架17例,病变即刻消失14例,术后复查消失3例,操作失败3例。短暂性轻偏瘫1例。结论合理使用覆膜支架是治疗部分颅内动脉病变的良好手段,但覆膜支架的应用也有一定的局限性。

胸主动脉覆膜支架联合八爪鱼技术腔内修复复杂胸腹主动脉瘤

目的分析胸主动脉覆膜支架联合八爪鱼技术治疗复杂胸腹主动脉瘤的安全性和可行性。方法采用胸主动脉覆膜支架联合八爪鱼技术完全腔内手术治疗1例47岁复杂胸腹主动脉瘤患者。手术在隔绝胸腹主动脉瘤的同时,成功重建双侧肾动脉和肠系膜上动脉血供。结果术后CTA复查提示双侧肾动脉、肠系膜上动脉血流通畅,动脉瘤无内漏。术后患者未出现截瘫、肠缺血并发症,恢复顺利。结论该技术治疗复杂胸腹主动脉瘤安全可行,尚需更多治疗例数和远期随访结果观察。