Mechanisms for Cross-Scaling, Flexibility and Social Learning in Building Resilience to Sea Level Rise: Case Study of Hampton Roads, Virginia

This case study examines how the Hampton Roads Sea Level Rise Preparedness and Resilience Intergovernmental Planning Pilot Project, a whole-of-government and whole-of-community approach to planning for and adapting to sea level rise, addressed coastal resilience in a southeastern Virginia watershed that spans multiple jurisdictions. Meeting the challenge of sea level rise requires that actors across multiple sectors—citizens, community organizations, industry and government—understand the risks and work together to make critical decisions regarding adaptation strategies and actions. The case study area includes Little Creek Amphibious Base, which is bordered by the cities of Norfolk and Virginia Beach. Adaptation responses to sea level rise by the military base and the local governments will impact each other and the residents of the area, but no cooperative agreements are in place for a joint or collaborative response. This case study examines public and private infrastructure at risk, the infrastructure interdependencies, and mechanisms for providing collaborative solutions. Engagement of area residents and other stakeholders is also integral to the process of adaptation, which includes educating about sea level rise risk and provides a mechanism for social learning that enables stakeholders to participate in critical adaptation decisions. The case study demonstrates a method to improve resiliency in the case study area and inform a regional, multi-sectoral response to sea level rise adaptation strategies.

On the Cross-border E-commerce Development Strategy in the Context of the Belt and Road Initiative

As the "Internet +" action plan proceeds, e-commerce further integrates traditional sectors and increasingly promotes development. In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, Chinese cross-border e-commerce, through channel expansion and market share increase, is taking the lead in trade and investment development, and facilitating labor division & coordination, resource & product sharing, as well as opening new markets. To promote the long-term economic development of countries along the Belt and Road, a series of development strategies have been designed, which concern constructing an "online silk road" for cross-border e-commerce, building new trade passages and bridges, innovating traditional trade models, and gathering a trade development momentum.

后疫情时代“一带一路”的国际旅游合作路径——以中国-东盟旅游合作为例

中国与东盟的文化交流和旅游合作已走向纵深,探究当前后疫情时代的中国-东盟国际旅游合作机制,开拓性推进中国与“一带一路”跨境旅游的发展战略和合作路径战略意义重大。中国与东盟的国际旅游合作可从旅游市场、旅游企业、旅游产品等基础层面构建跨境旅游合作体系,并从合作观念、协作机制、协作网络、协作平台和利益共享等维度改革和完善跨境旅游合作路径,注重全方位、多层次的跨境旅游体系合作,构建针对性、多维度的跨境旅游品牌合作,并完善亲和力、多样化的跨境旅游信任机制。

Investigating the Effectiveness of Road-related Mitigation Measures under Semi-controlled Conditions:A Case Study on Asian Amphibians

Road traffic is the main factor causing the decline in amphibian populations worldwide. The proper design of an amphibian tunnel is one of the most efficient measures to mitigate the negative impacts of road traffic on amphibians. However, no study has investigated the effectiveness of amphibian tunnels under semi-controlled conditions in Asian amphibians. Here, we selected two representative amphibian species, the Chinese brown frog, Rana chensinensis, and the Asiatic toad, Bufo gargarizans, which suffer the most severe road mortality along the roads in Northeast China. We placed experimental arrays of culverts of various sizes(diameters of 1.5, 1, and 0.5 m for circular culverts; side lengths of 1.5, 1, and 0.5 m for box culverts), and substrate type(soil, concrete, and metal) to examine the preferences of both species during the migratory season between May and September in 2016 and 2017. The results revealed that the Chinese brown frog preferred mid-and large-sized culverts as well as soil culverts. We concluded that culverts with a side length ≥ 1 m, lined with soil, and accompanied by a ≥ 0.4 m high guide drift fence and ≤ 45° gradient on the roadside ditch wall would best facilitate road crossings for both species and likely for other amphibian species in Northeast China.

Monitoring subsidence rates along road network by persistent scatterer SAR interferometry with high-resolution TerraSAR-X imagery

Ground subsidence is one of the key factors damaging transportation facilities, e.g., road networks consisting of highways and railways. In this paper, we propose to apply the persistent scatterer synthetic aperture radar interferometry （PS-InSAR） approach that uses high- resolution TerraSAR-X （TSX） imagery to extract the regional scale subsidence rates （i.e., average annual sub- sidence in mm/year） along road networks. The primary procedures involve interferometric pair selection, interfer- ogram generation, persistent scatterer （PS） detection, PS networking, phase parameterization, and subsidence rate estimation. The Xiqing District in southwest Tianjin （China） is selected as the study area. This district contains one railway line and several highway lines. A total of 15 TSX images covering this area between April 2009 and June 2010 are utilized to obtain the subsidence rates by using the PS-InSAR （PSI） approach. The subsidence rates derived from PSI range from -68.7 to -1.3 mm/year. These findings show a significantly uneven subsidence pattern along the road network. Comparison between the PSI-derived subsidence rates and the leveling data obtained along the highways shows that the mean and standard deviation （SD） of the discrepancies between the two types of subsidence rates are 0.1 and 4-3.2 mm/year, respectively. The results indicate that the high-resolution TSX PSI is capable of providing comprehensive and detailed subsidence information regarding road networks with millimeter-level accuracy. Further inspections under geo- logical conditions and land-use categories in the study area indicate that the observed subsidence is highly related to aquifer compression due to groundwater pumping. Therefore, measures should be taken to mitigate groundwater extraction for the study area.

High-speed broadband data acquisition system based on FPGA

A field-programmable gate array(FPGA)based high-speed broadband data acquisition system is designed.The system has a dual channel simultaneous acquisition function.The maximum sampling rate is 500 MSa/s and bandwidth is200 MHz,which solves the large bandwidth,high-speed signal acquisition and processing problems.At present,the data acquisition system is successfully used in broadband receiver test systems.

Culture Self- Consciousness in Transmission of Chinese Philosophy from the Perspective of English Globalization -- Taking the Belt and Road Initiative for Example

The Belt and Road Initiative contains the aspiration of Chinese nation to pursue ideological freedom and desire of strengthening international exchanges and cooperation. This paper takes the Belt and Road Initiative for example,emphasizing the interpretation of the inheritance and development of Chinese culture so as to study the importance of Culture Self-Consciousness in Chinese Philosophy,in the context of English globalization. That is to say,this paper stresses the spirits and the stand of nation 's demonstration on pursuing peace,cooperation and sustainable development in the civilization continuity from traditional China to the contemporary China,with practical philosophic view.

悬吊-盘扣组合模板支撑体系在上跨既有109国道钢混叠合梁桥面板施工中的应用

国道109新线高速项目在齐家庄沟特大桥钢混叠合梁桥面板施工中,针对耐候钢外部无涂层、焊接钢托座会对箱梁外观产生影响、影响后续验收,上跨既有109国道车流量大、无法长期占路施工、跨路施工难度大,两片钢箱梁间距较大且混凝土为内拱形等特点,采用悬吊–盘扣组合模板支撑体系施工,施工经验可为今后同类工程施工提供参考。

民族传统体育跨文化传播研究--基于“一带一路”倡议视野

运用文献分析法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,分析我国民族传统体育在“一带一路”倡议下的跨文化传播价值及其在对外传播过程中的困境。研究得出,在“一带一路”倡议下进行民族传统体育的跨文化传播,首先提升我们自身民族传统体育文化的自信心;在跨文化传播过程中建立差异化的文化传播理念和模式;应注重自身创新能力的提升,最大限度地提升传播效果。

“一带一路”背景下复合型新工科人才培养模式选择--以青岛科技大学为例

“一带一路”倡议引领中国企业“走出去”。在此背景下,培养复合型新工科人才已经成为社会的共识。本文以青岛科技大学为例,分析了中国高校目前面临跨境教育国际化程度亟待提高,校企合作不够密切,培养模式单一和资源整合力度不足等问题。针对这些问题,建议中国高校提升国际化办学水平;深化政、校、企合作;转变留学生培养模式;搭建跨境教育合作联盟,打造跨境教育人才培养示范项目。以期打造适应“一带一路”建设需要的新工科人才培养模式。

Variance Reduction Technique for Estimating Value-at-Risk based on the Cross - Entropy

Value-at-Risk （VaR） estimation via Monte Carlo （MC） simulation is studied here. The variance reduction technique is proposed in order to speed up MC algorithm. The algorithm for estimating the probability of high portfolio losses （more general risk measure） based on the Cross - Entropy importance sampling is developed. This algorithm can easily be applied in any light- or heavy-tailed case without an extra adaptation. Besides, it does not loose in the performance in comparison to other known methods. A numerical study in both cases is performed and the variance reduction rate is compared with other known methods. The problem of VaR estimation using procedures for estimating the probability of high portfolio losses is also discussed.

First assessment of Noise-Equivalent Sigma-Zero in GF3-02 TOPSAR mode with sea surface wind speed retrieval

Gaofen-3-02(GF3-02)is the first C-band synthetic aperture radar(SAR)satellite with terrain observation with progressive scans of SAR(TOPSAR)imaging mode in China,which plays an essential role in marine environment monitoring.Given the weak scattering characteristics of the ocean,the system thermal noise superimposed on SAR images has significant interference,especially in cross-polarization channels.Noise-Equivalent Sigma-Zero(NESZ)is a measure of the sensitivity of the radar to areas of low backscatter.The NESZ is defined to be the scattering cross-section coefficient of an area which contributes a mean level in the image equal to the signal-independent additive noise level.For TOPSAR,NESZ exhibits the shape of the SAR scanning gain curve in the azimuth and the shape of the antenna pattern in the range.Therefore,the accurate measurement of NESZ plays a vital role in the application of spaceborne SAR sea surface cross-polarization data.This paper proposes a theoretical calculation method for the NESZ curve in GF3-02 TOPSAR mode based on SAR noise inner calibration data and the imaging algorithm.A method for correcting the error existing in the theoretical curve of NESZ is also proposed according to the relationship between sea surface backscattering and wind speed and the same characteristics of target scattering in the overlapping area of adjacent sub-swaths.According to assessment with wide-swath TOPSAR cross-polarization data,the GF3-02 TOPSAR mode has a very low thermal noise level,which is better than−33 dB at the edge of each beam,and controlled below−38 dB at the center of the beam.The two-dimensional reference curves of the NESZ of each beam are provided to the GF3-02 TOPSAR users.After discussing the relationship between normalized radar cross section(NRCS)and wind speed,we provide a formula for NRCS related to wind speed and radar incidence angle.Compared with the NRCS derived from this formula and the NESZ-subtracted NRCS of SAR images,the bias is−0.0048 dB,the Root Mean Square Error is 1.671 dB and the correlation coefficient is 0.939.

城市干路穿河隧道总体设计要点研究--以嘉兴市庆丰路隧道建设工程为例

对嘉兴市首条主干路穿河隧道--庆丰路隧道的总体设计及其分析、比选过程进行了详细介绍,结合该工程实例,并在《城市道路路线设计规范》(CJJ 193—2012)中关于总体设计要求的基础上,进一步总结城市干路穿河隧道总体设计要点。

制度型开放与跨境电商出口:基于“丝路电商”合作备忘录的研究

深化“丝路电商”合作是中国推进制度型开放的重要抓手,对于拓展对外贸易新空间具有重要意义。本文基于国内跨境电商物流企业2016年9月至2019年12月的运单数据,以“丝路电商”合作备忘录的签订为准自然实验,量化评估制度型开放对中国跨境电商出口的影响。实证结果表明:(1)在样本期内,“丝路电商”合作备忘录的签订使中国跨境电商出口平均增长了约9.5%。(2)与有相似电子商务法律法规的国家签订“丝路电商”合作备忘录,对中国跨境电商出口的促进作用更强。而且相比于贸易便利化条款,安全保护类条款相似度的提升对跨境电商出口的促进作用更强。(3)与电商基础环境水平较高的国家签订“丝路电商”合作备忘录,对中国跨境电商出口的促进作用更强。(4)“丝路电商”合作备忘录的签订引致的出口促进作用在高技术密集度行业、资本密集型行业、熟练劳动力密集型行业和研发密集型行业中更加明显。

公路亚洲象通道生境质量评估与营造对策

为评估公路亚洲象通道生境质量,提升公路两侧亚洲象栖息地的连通性,减少人象冲突事件的发生,基于现场调查与无人机航拍技术,解析云南思小高速和思澜高速13处通道的生境特征,识别亚洲象利用通道的适宜区域和非适宜因素,构建通道生境扰动度指数,定量评价了亚洲象通道的扰动程度。结果显示,思澜高速的通道适宜面积大小、适宜面积比例和平均扰动程度均高于思小高速的通道,但差异并不显著。思澜高速亚洲象通道附近人为干扰程度较高,主要体现在居民点和人工林分布多且零散,部分通道与地方道路交叉等,但亚洲象利用了几乎所有的通道。思小高速亚洲象通道附近人为干扰程度低,通道附近虽然有人工林干扰,但由于周边原始次生林广泛分布,且通道距离河流较近,抵消了不利影响。根据不同通道的干扰因素,提出了保护和恢复原生植被、保护自然河流和水塘、补植亚洲象食源植物等生境营造对策。研究结果为改善两条高速公路亚洲象通道的利用效果提供了科学依据。

“一带一路”贸易便利化的十年进展、问题分析与推进路径

共建“一带一路”走过了蓬勃十年,它不仅是中国新时代扩大对外开放的总抓手,而且为国际社会提供了重要合作平台。贸易畅通是共建“一带一路”的核心任务之一,贸易便利化对推动“一带一路”贸易畅通至关重要。在共建“一带一路”十周年之际,本文从商签自贸协定、加强海关合作、交通互联互通、发展贸易新业态四个方面,系统总结十年来“一带一路”贸易便利化的历程与进展,剖析当前存在的问题,探讨进一步提升贸易便利化水平的路径。

基于ISM-MICMAC的企业危化品道路运输事故致因研究

准确辨识企业危化品道路运输事故致因,构建企业危化品道路运输事故致因指标体系,理清企业危化品道路运输事故致因分类、层次结构和影响关系,对于企业危化品道路运输事故预防意义重大。基于4M事故致因理论,提取可能引起企业危化品道路运输事故的22个事故致因,构建企业危化品事故致因指标体系,在此基础上运用ISM模型进行多级递阶层次结构划分,并结合MICMAC方法确定事故致因属性特征。研究结果表明,企业危化品道路运输事故的22个事故致因可用ISM模型划分为7级3阶的“多级阶梯结构”,包括浅表层致因5个、中间层致因3个、深层次致因14个,其中控制深层次致因可以从根源上有效避免事故发生;通过MICMAC方法将22个事故致因划分为自治因素、独立因素、关联因素和依赖因素4类,其中涉及独立因素的7个事故致因是引起企业危化品道路运输事故发生的最根本、最关键致因。研究结果可为企业危化品道路运输事故预防管理提供借鉴思路。

江苏企业参与“一带一路”跨境电商高质量发展建设中知识产权风险防范及对策研究

跨境电商正在国际贸易中扮演越来越重要的角色,然而在全球范围内尚未形成统一的跨境电商国际规则。中国应借此发展机遇,发挥在该领域的核心优势,争取成为跨境电商行业标准和规则的制定者,这也是中国参与全球治理的重要领域之一。对中国企业来说,在参与“一带一路”跨境电商建设中涉及侵犯专利权、著作权、商标权等知识产权的产品和行为越来越多。只有尽早掌握知识产权规则,积极了解国内外跨境电商中知识产权保护现状以及知识产权存在的问题和表现形式,正视和重视知识产权的重要性,才能拿起武器保护自己,规避风险,在电商平台上占得一席之地。本研究课题旨在梳理跨境电商领域知识产权存在的典型问题,为江苏企业防控知识产权风险提供对策与建议,也可为相关部门在当前背景下进行知识产权保护研究提供参考和借鉴。

结合视觉Transformer和CNN的道路裂缝检测方法

提出了一种结合视觉Transformer和CNN的道路裂缝检测方法。利用CNN来捕获局部的细节信息,同时利用视觉Transformer来捕获全局特征。通过设计的Fusion特征融合模块将两者提取的特征有机地结合在一起,从而解决了单独使用CNN或视觉Transformer方法存在的局限。最终将结果传递至交互式解码器,生成道路裂缝的检测结果。实验结果表明,无论是在公开的数据集上还是在自建的数据集上,相较于单独使用CNN或视觉Transformer的方法,所提出的方法在道路裂缝检测任务中有更好的效果。

“中文+职业技能”背景下跨境电商技能在“一带一路”国家的推广研究

在“中文+职业技能”背景下,“中文+跨境电商技能”是要培养既懂中文又掌握跨境电商技能的“一带一路”国家青年,根据实施地点可以分为国内留学生培养和境外学生培养。在国内对留学生进行“中文+跨境电商技能”的培养形式主要分为学历教育和企业培训两类,境外学生培养主要采取“鲁班工坊”和“中文+职业技能基地”两种形式。“中文+跨境电商技能”的推广首先应考虑中文和跨境电商技能学习的顺序;其次应针对生源国跨境电商情况设计课程,注重实训、开展实战,促进中外学生的跨境项目合作,与出海中资企业合作培养本土人才。