Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic back-ground.The aim of this study was to search for candidat...Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic back-ground.The aim of this study was to search for candidate genes associated with host susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)using an RNAseq approach in CC lines and hepatic gene expression.Methods:We studied 31 male mice from 25 CC lines at 8 weeks old;the mice were infected with Af.Liver tissues were extracted from these mice 5 days post-infection,and next-generation RNA-sequencing(RNAseq)was performed.The GENE-E analysis platform was used to generate a clustered heat map matrix.Results:Significant variation in body weight changes between CC lines was ob-served.Hepatic gene expression revealed 12 top prioritized candidate genes differ-entially expressed in resistant versus susceptible mice based on body weight changes.Interestingly,three candidate genes are located within genomic intervals of the previ-ously mapped quantitative trait loci(QTL),including Gm16270 and Stox1 on chromo-some 10 and Gm11033 on chromosome 8.Conclusions:Our findings emphasize the CC mouse model's power in fine mapping the genetic components underlying susceptibility towards Af.As a next step,eQTL analysis will be performed for our RNA-Seq data.Suggested candidate genes from our study will be further assessed with a human cohort with aspergillosis.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONA high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus(HCV)(range from 3.3%-80%)has beenreported in hemodialysis(HD)patients,andworrisome as it often becomes chronic and induceschronic liver disease,therefor...INTRODUCTIONA high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus(HCV)(range from 3.3%-80%)has beenreported in hemodialysis(HD)patients,andworrisome as it often becomes chronic and induceschronic liver disease,therefore thenephrologists face a major challenge of how toprevent it.The main route of HCV transmission展开更多
This documentary research aimed to describe the results of an epidemiological survey that sought to determine the prevalence of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Car...This documentary research aimed to describe the results of an epidemiological survey that sought to determine the prevalence of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the city of Rio de Janeiro. For methodology, the existing data in the original research database were used as the primary source. The method used was the case study in a quantitative approach. The data have been statistically arranged by odds ratio, which measured the possibility of IRHC development at the 102 newborns, by exposition at the risk factors. Results: IRHC prevalence with pneumonias, sepsis, navel’s infection and ocular infections predominance rises. Prematures are 4.10 more susceptible. Twelve hours after amniotic rupture there are 1.77 more chances of infections. Babies with more than 10 days of hospitalization are 4.70 more susceptible than those with 10 days. The registers examined were incipient at the IRHC’s characterization, beginning and duration, which make the IRHC’s diagnostic/notification difficult.展开更多
BACKGROUND There are difficulties in diagnosing nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospital settings. Furthermore, mortality of cases of nosocomial infe...BACKGROUND There are difficulties in diagnosing nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospital settings. Furthermore, mortality of cases of nosocomial infection(NI) with SARS-CoV-2 is higher than that of the general infected population. In the early stage of the pandemic in Taiwan, as patients were not tested for SARS-CoV-2 at admission, NIs often go undetected. Strictly applying the systematic polymerase chain reaction(PCR) screening, as a standard infection control measure was subsequently implemented to reduce NI incidence. However, evidence on risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 NIs among healthcare workers(HCWs) and caregivers is limited.AIM To assess NI incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among hospital staff, hospitalized patients, and caregivers, and the transmission routes of clusters of infection.METHODS This descriptive retrospective analysis at our hospital from May 15 to August 15, 2021 included data on 132 SARS-CoV-2 NIs cases among hospital staff, inpatients, and caregivers who previously tested negative but subsequently identified with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR) test results, or a hospital staff who tested positive following routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences between hospital staff and private caregivers, and between clusters and sporadic infections.RESULTS Overall, 9149 patients and 2005 hospital staff members underwent routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, resulting in 12 confirmed cluster and 23 sporadic infections. Among the index cases of the clusters, three(25%) cases were among hospital staff and nine(75%) cases were among other contacts. Among sporadic infections, 21(91%) cases were among hospital staff and two(9%) cases were among other contacts(P < 0.001). There was an average of 8.08 infections per cluster. The secondary cases of cluster infection were inpatients(45%), hospital staff(30%), and caregivers(25%). Private caregivers constituted 27% and 4% of the clusters and sporadic infections, respectively(P = 0.024);92.3% of them were infected in the clusters. The mortality rate was 0.0%.CONCLUSION The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was relatively high among private caregivers, indicating a need for infection control education in this group, such as social distancing, frequent handwashing, and wearing PPE.展开更多
Objective: Infection control protocols dictate the disinfection of dentures. There are no products available which are designed for the specific use of disinfecting dentures. The objective of this study was to investi...Objective: Infection control protocols dictate the disinfection of dentures. There are no products available which are designed for the specific use of disinfecting dentures. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of chemical disinfectants on elastic modulus, flexural strength and color stability of denture base resins. Methods: 256 specimens from four acrylic denture base resins were manufactured. Two cold-curing denture base resins: PalaXpress (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), Futura Gen (Schuetz Dental, Roßbach, Germany) and two heat-curing denture base resins: Paladon 65 (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), FuturAcryl 2000 (Schuetz Dental, Roßbach, Germany) were used. Three chemical disinfecting agents were tested: Impresept, D050 Instru-Gen, Stammopur DR. Specimens were stored in distilled water and in chemical disinfecting agents. They were divided randomly into groups. E-Modulus and flexural strength were measured using the three-point bending test. Color changes (ΔE) were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: The disinfection agents showed no significant influence on the E-modulus compared to distilled water (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Futura Gen) 2688.80 ± 230.78 vs. 2766.60 ± 91.22 MPa to (PalaXpress) 3004.20 ± 26.40 vs. 2851.00 ± 95.23 MPa). Flexural strength after storage in distilled water and disinfection did not differ significantly (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Paladon65) 27.28 ± 1.30 vs. 28.42 ± 0.84 N/mm2, (p > 0.05) to (PalaXpress) 30.88 ± 0.25 vs. 29.68 ± 0.79 N/mm2, p < 0.001). Disinfection caused a significant color change with Impresept of Paladon 65 (p ≤ 0.001), FuturaAcryl 2000 with Stammopur DR and D 050 Instru-Gen (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The investigated disinfection agents did not influence elastic modulus and flexural strength of denture base resins negatively. ΔE-values were in a range of 1 to 2. Thus, the detected color changes may be marginal. Clinical relevance: Single use disinfections are feasible for acrylic dentures regarding to elastic modulus and flexural strength.展开更多
Introduction: Several microorganisms cause vaginal infections. Some of them include: Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardneralla vaginalis, Bacteriodes spp., Mobilincus and Candida albicans. In pregnancy, these infections are ...Introduction: Several microorganisms cause vaginal infections. Some of them include: Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardneralla vaginalis, Bacteriodes spp., Mobilincus and Candida albicans. In pregnancy, these infections are associated with considerable discomfort and adverse pregnancy outcome including preterm delivery, low birth weight, spontaneous abortions among others. Aims: Bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal trichomoniasis and candidiasis in pregnant women are associated with considerable discomfort and adverse pregnancy outcome (preterm delivery and low birth weight). We attempted to determine the prevalence of these conditions in Regional Hospital Bamenda. Methods: A total of 200 vaginal swabs were collected from pregnant women after the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire. The samples were analyzed using wet mount (Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida spp.), and the Gram stain (Gardnerella vaginalis and Candida spp.). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate association between vaginal symptoms and their risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of vaginal infections was 49.5%, with trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and candidiasis being 2% (4), 27% (54) and 32% (64), respectively. No formal education (AOR = 0.908;95% CI: -20.72 - 35.62;p = 0.001) and practice of douching (16.93: -0.201 - 29.692;p = 0.005) were found to be independent risk factors for trichomoniasis. Malodourous greenish vagina discharges (18.52;2.96 - 60.307;p = 0.005) were associated with trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. White (6.566;17.785 - 21.836;p = 0.004) and yellowish (3.404;20.127 - 23.457;p = 0.004) vaginal discharges were independent risk factors for mycotic vagina infections. Multivariate analysis revealed that the only risk factor significantly associated to VVC in this study was the use of both water cistern and pit toilet (AOR = 3.684;95% CI: 0.388 - 2.649;p = 0.010). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of vaginal infections. Early treatment will reduce the disease burden and avoid complications associated with it.展开更多
基金European Sequencing and Genotyping Institutes(ESGI),Grant/Award Number:075491/Z/04,085906/Z/08/Z and 090532/Z/09/ZTel-Aviv University(TAU)。
文摘Background:Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)is one of the most ubiquitous fungi and its infection potency is suggested to be strongly controlled by the host genetic back-ground.The aim of this study was to search for candidate genes associated with host susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus(Af)using an RNAseq approach in CC lines and hepatic gene expression.Methods:We studied 31 male mice from 25 CC lines at 8 weeks old;the mice were infected with Af.Liver tissues were extracted from these mice 5 days post-infection,and next-generation RNA-sequencing(RNAseq)was performed.The GENE-E analysis platform was used to generate a clustered heat map matrix.Results:Significant variation in body weight changes between CC lines was ob-served.Hepatic gene expression revealed 12 top prioritized candidate genes differ-entially expressed in resistant versus susceptible mice based on body weight changes.Interestingly,three candidate genes are located within genomic intervals of the previ-ously mapped quantitative trait loci(QTL),including Gm16270 and Stox1 on chromo-some 10 and Gm11033 on chromosome 8.Conclusions:Our findings emphasize the CC mouse model's power in fine mapping the genetic components underlying susceptibility towards Af.As a next step,eQTL analysis will be performed for our RNA-Seq data.Suggested candidate genes from our study will be further assessed with a human cohort with aspergillosis.
基金Scientific Research Foundation,State Health Commission,No.96-2-128
文摘INTRODUCTIONA high prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus(HCV)(range from 3.3%-80%)has beenreported in hemodialysis(HD)patients,andworrisome as it often becomes chronic and induceschronic liver disease,therefore thenephrologists face a major challenge of how toprevent it.The main route of HCV transmission
文摘This documentary research aimed to describe the results of an epidemiological survey that sought to determine the prevalence of Infections Related to Health Care (IRHC) in newborns admitted to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at the city of Rio de Janeiro. For methodology, the existing data in the original research database were used as the primary source. The method used was the case study in a quantitative approach. The data have been statistically arranged by odds ratio, which measured the possibility of IRHC development at the 102 newborns, by exposition at the risk factors. Results: IRHC prevalence with pneumonias, sepsis, navel’s infection and ocular infections predominance rises. Prematures are 4.10 more susceptible. Twelve hours after amniotic rupture there are 1.77 more chances of infections. Babies with more than 10 days of hospitalization are 4.70 more susceptible than those with 10 days. The registers examined were incipient at the IRHC’s characterization, beginning and duration, which make the IRHC’s diagnostic/notification difficult.
文摘BACKGROUND There are difficulties in diagnosing nosocomial transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) infection in hospital settings. Furthermore, mortality of cases of nosocomial infection(NI) with SARS-CoV-2 is higher than that of the general infected population. In the early stage of the pandemic in Taiwan, as patients were not tested for SARS-CoV-2 at admission, NIs often go undetected. Strictly applying the systematic polymerase chain reaction(PCR) screening, as a standard infection control measure was subsequently implemented to reduce NI incidence. However, evidence on risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 NIs among healthcare workers(HCWs) and caregivers is limited.AIM To assess NI incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among hospital staff, hospitalized patients, and caregivers, and the transmission routes of clusters of infection.METHODS This descriptive retrospective analysis at our hospital from May 15 to August 15, 2021 included data on 132 SARS-CoV-2 NIs cases among hospital staff, inpatients, and caregivers who previously tested negative but subsequently identified with a positive SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase-PCR(RT-PCR) test results, or a hospital staff who tested positive following routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR test. Chi-square tests were performed to compare the differences between hospital staff and private caregivers, and between clusters and sporadic infections.RESULTS Overall, 9149 patients and 2005 hospital staff members underwent routine SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, resulting in 12 confirmed cluster and 23 sporadic infections. Among the index cases of the clusters, three(25%) cases were among hospital staff and nine(75%) cases were among other contacts. Among sporadic infections, 21(91%) cases were among hospital staff and two(9%) cases were among other contacts(P < 0.001). There was an average of 8.08 infections per cluster. The secondary cases of cluster infection were inpatients(45%), hospital staff(30%), and caregivers(25%). Private caregivers constituted 27% and 4% of the clusters and sporadic infections, respectively(P = 0.024);92.3% of them were infected in the clusters. The mortality rate was 0.0%.CONCLUSION The incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was relatively high among private caregivers, indicating a need for infection control education in this group, such as social distancing, frequent handwashing, and wearing PPE.
文摘Objective: Infection control protocols dictate the disinfection of dentures. There are no products available which are designed for the specific use of disinfecting dentures. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of chemical disinfectants on elastic modulus, flexural strength and color stability of denture base resins. Methods: 256 specimens from four acrylic denture base resins were manufactured. Two cold-curing denture base resins: PalaXpress (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), Futura Gen (Schuetz Dental, Roßbach, Germany) and two heat-curing denture base resins: Paladon 65 (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany), FuturAcryl 2000 (Schuetz Dental, Roßbach, Germany) were used. Three chemical disinfecting agents were tested: Impresept, D050 Instru-Gen, Stammopur DR. Specimens were stored in distilled water and in chemical disinfecting agents. They were divided randomly into groups. E-Modulus and flexural strength were measured using the three-point bending test. Color changes (ΔE) were determined spectrophotometrically. Results: The disinfection agents showed no significant influence on the E-modulus compared to distilled water (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Futura Gen) 2688.80 ± 230.78 vs. 2766.60 ± 91.22 MPa to (PalaXpress) 3004.20 ± 26.40 vs. 2851.00 ± 95.23 MPa). Flexural strength after storage in distilled water and disinfection did not differ significantly (Acrylic vs. distilled water from (Paladon65) 27.28 ± 1.30 vs. 28.42 ± 0.84 N/mm2, (p > 0.05) to (PalaXpress) 30.88 ± 0.25 vs. 29.68 ± 0.79 N/mm2, p < 0.001). Disinfection caused a significant color change with Impresept of Paladon 65 (p ≤ 0.001), FuturaAcryl 2000 with Stammopur DR and D 050 Instru-Gen (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: The investigated disinfection agents did not influence elastic modulus and flexural strength of denture base resins negatively. ΔE-values were in a range of 1 to 2. Thus, the detected color changes may be marginal. Clinical relevance: Single use disinfections are feasible for acrylic dentures regarding to elastic modulus and flexural strength.
文摘Introduction: Several microorganisms cause vaginal infections. Some of them include: Trichomonas vaginalis, Gardneralla vaginalis, Bacteriodes spp., Mobilincus and Candida albicans. In pregnancy, these infections are associated with considerable discomfort and adverse pregnancy outcome including preterm delivery, low birth weight, spontaneous abortions among others. Aims: Bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal trichomoniasis and candidiasis in pregnant women are associated with considerable discomfort and adverse pregnancy outcome (preterm delivery and low birth weight). We attempted to determine the prevalence of these conditions in Regional Hospital Bamenda. Methods: A total of 200 vaginal swabs were collected from pregnant women after the administration of a semi-structured questionnaire. The samples were analyzed using wet mount (Trichomonas vaginalis and Candida spp.), and the Gram stain (Gardnerella vaginalis and Candida spp.). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate association between vaginal symptoms and their risk factors. Results: The overall prevalence of vaginal infections was 49.5%, with trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis, and candidiasis being 2% (4), 27% (54) and 32% (64), respectively. No formal education (AOR = 0.908;95% CI: -20.72 - 35.62;p = 0.001) and practice of douching (16.93: -0.201 - 29.692;p = 0.005) were found to be independent risk factors for trichomoniasis. Malodourous greenish vagina discharges (18.52;2.96 - 60.307;p = 0.005) were associated with trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis. White (6.566;17.785 - 21.836;p = 0.004) and yellowish (3.404;20.127 - 23.457;p = 0.004) vaginal discharges were independent risk factors for mycotic vagina infections. Multivariate analysis revealed that the only risk factor significantly associated to VVC in this study was the use of both water cistern and pit toilet (AOR = 3.684;95% CI: 0.388 - 2.649;p = 0.010). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of vaginal infections. Early treatment will reduce the disease burden and avoid complications associated with it.
