Research Progress of Detection Methods for Microplastics

Microplastics are plastic particles or fibers with a diameter of less than 5 mm,and they widely exist in the environment and pose potential risks to the ecosystem and human health.Microplastics detection can provide basic data for formulating effective environmental protection strategies.In this paper,the physical,chemical and biological detection methods of microplastics are reviewed,and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed.The problems and challenges encountered in microplastics detection are analyzed,and the future research is discussed.

Problems and principles in translation of cross-cultural research instruments

The process of translation is an important part of cross-cultural studies. Cross-cultural researchers are often confronted by the need to translate instruments from one language to another. In the translation, linguistic equivalence, functional equivalence, cultural equivalence and metric equivalence are factors that need to be considered greatly. This paper examines the translation of cross-cultural research instrument from these points of view, illustrates with examples and puts forward suggestions for incorporating each factor into research studies.

Research Progress in Occupational Health Risk Assessment Methods in China

Traditional occupational disease control and prevention has remained prevalent in China over recent decades. There are appropriately 30,000 new case reports of occupational diseases annually. Although China has already established a series of occupational disease prevention programs, occupational health risk assessment （OHRA） strategies continue to be a limitation.

Effective point kinetic parameters calculation in Tehran research reactor using deterministic and probabilistic methods

The exact calculation of point kinetic parameters is very important in nuclear reactor safety assessment, and most sophisticated safety codes such as RELAP5, PARCS,DYN3D, and PARET are using these parameters in their dynamic models. These parameters include effective delayed neutron fractions as well as mean generation time.These parameters are adjoint-weighted, and adjoint flux is employed as a weighting function in their evaluation.Adjoint flux calculation is an easy task for most of deterministic codes, but its evaluation is cumbersome for Monte Carlo codes. However, in recent years, some sophisticated techniques have been proposed for Monte Carlo-based point kinetic parameters calculation without any need of adjoint flux. The most straightforward scheme is known as the ‘‘prompt method'' and has been used widely in literature. The main objective of this article is dedicated to point kinetic parameters calculation in Tehran research reactor(TRR) using deterministic as well as probabilistic techniques. WIMS-D5B and CITATION codes have been used in deterministic calculation of forward and adjoint fluxes in the TRR core. On the other hand, the MCNP Monte Carlo code has been employed in the ‘‘prompt method''scheme for effective delayed neutron fraction evaluation.Deterministic results have been cross-checked with probabilistic ones and validated with SAR and experimental data. In comparison with experimental results, the relativedifferences of deterministic as well as probabilistic methods are 7.6 and 3.2%, respectively. These quantities are10.7 and 6.4%, respectively, in comparison with SAR report.

Plant Root Research Methods and Trends

The root system is an important organ that plants absorb nutrients from the soil, and can synthesize the vital substances necessary for the plant. However, the study on root system is burdened with great challenges due to its underground roots. In order to further explore the research methods and techniques of plant roots, the research mainly reviewed the research methods of root system, and summarized the methods of conventional root research, such as digging method, core drilling method, container method and isotope method. The progress of CT scan method, ground penetrating radar, special environmental culture method, nucle- ar magnetic resonance method and CCD three-dimensional imaging method were reviewed. Prospects for plant root research were made according to the trends of root research methods usincl hiqh-end technolo.qy at home and abroad.

Interview-One of the Key Methods in Social Research

Interviewing is one of the most common and most powerful research methods in sociology. To provide an overview of interviewing in social research, the preliminaries and some tactics applied in interviewing are illustrated firstly. Secondly, various forms of interviewing employed in social research are analyzed specifically. Finally, the issues of interviewing are critically examined.

On Analysis of English Language Education in China from the Research Questions and Research Methods

The present paper first reviewed the major concepts and practices involves in research. A small study was conducted to survey on the prevailing research questions and methods in ELT studies in China, showing a major paradigm shift from qualitative studies to quantitative research and mixed methods, with little critical research identified.

A Review of Research Directions and Research Methods of Farmland Weeds

Farmland weeds are an important part of farmland ecosystems.Research on farmland weeds is one of the major research fields in agricultural ecology.It is of great significance for achieving high yield,high quality and high efficiency in agriculture.In recent years,research on farmland weeds has focused on investigation of weed communities,research on weed seed banks,and research on weed control.These three research directions complement each other.Among them,the investigation work of weed communities and the research of weed seed banks are helpful for us to grasp the occurrence of farmland weeds more accurately and provide references for the control of farmland weeds.This article summarizes the research directions of farmland weeds in recent years(weed community investigation,weed seed bank,weed control)and the research methods used,provide reference value for the follow-up research work of farmland weeds,and provide theoretical support for promoting the development of rural ecological industry and building beautiful villages.

Telephone Interview-One of the Key Research Methods in Education

Telephone interviewing is a crucial but not well-documented qualitative research method in sociology.Such aspects as how to conduct a telephone interview and by whom such a method is best used,are illustrated specifically.More importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of telephone interviews are critically exploited.As a relatively cheap,flexible and reliable means of gathering data,telephone interview deserves more attention.Moreover,due to such obstacles as sampling,establishing rapport and recognizing the limitations of data generated,it is best to use telephone interviewing for educational research in conjunction with other data collection methods.

Research and Practice of the Blended Teaching Model of BOPPPS Teaching Method Under the Background of Digital Education: Taking Operations Research Course as an Example

The rapid development of digital education provides new opportunities and challenges for teaching model innovation.This study aims to explore the application of the BOPPPS(Bridge-in,Objective,Pre-assessment,Participatory learning,Post-assessment,Summary)teaching method in the development of a blended teaching model for the Operations Research course under the background of digital education.In response to the characteristics of the course and the needs of the student group,the teaching design is reconstructed with a student-centered approach,increasing practical teaching links,improving the assessment and evaluation system,and effectively implementing it in conjunction with digital educational technology.This teaching model has shown significant effectiveness in the context of digital education,providing valuable experience and insights for the innovation of the Operations Research course.

Research and Application of Bedside Rhetorical Teaching Method in Teaching Nursing Interns

Objective:To observe and analyze the application of the bedside rhetorical teaching method in teaching nursing interns.Methods:A total of 64 nursing interns in the gastroenterology department of our hospital from July 2022 to May 2023 were randomly divided into two groups,32 cases in the control group and 32 cases in the intervention group.The control group was given conventional teaching methods,and the intervention group was given the bedside rhetorical teaching method on the basis of the conventional teaching.The differences in the methods of teaching between the two groups were compared after the end of the internship,and there was a statistically significant difference with P<0.05.Results:The scores of the interns in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group in theoretical knowledge,communication skills,and case analysis items(P<0.05).Conclusion:The bedside rhetorical teaching method transforms classroom education into bedside teaching,which enables the interns to apply the theoretical knowledge to clinical practice,and has a higher improvement in the three aspects of disease knowledge,communication skills,and case analysis,cultivates the interns’comprehensive clinical skills,and lays a good foundation for the future entry into the nursing field.

Review on Quantitative Research Methods of Regional Sustainable Development in China

Since the 1990s, with the in-depth study and understanding of sustainable development, quantitative study of regional sustainable development (RSD) was increasingly hot in China. Based on quantitative study of RSD from Core Periodical in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (1992–2008), statistical analysis on the annual distribution, periodicals distribution and changes of the distribution were made. And from perspectives of social–economic, ecological, systematic and emerging methods, the course, problems and trends of the quantitative study methods on RSD were examined and analyzed to get a clear summary. By the review, the context on the quantitative study of RSD was to be clarified. The study also showed that, primarily, fields involving quantitative study are expanding; second, big progresses and constant development have been made on the systematic method gradually sophisticated, the flourishing ecological method and emerging new methods in the context of cross and integration which has made complex integrated systems a more satisfactory solution; third, the method system has been more multi-angled, and the clues of independent innovation have been observed despite the fact that the introduction of imported method is the main trend. Although many problems exist, multi-scale study, dynamic timeseries study and inter-regional comparative study will be further exploited and increasingly carried out with the progress of spatial information technology, which would boost the development and application of new methods in RSD study.

A Hands-on Approach Towards the Application of Research Methods in Academic Paper Writing

Based on an extensive summary of existing literature together with a random sampling of 70 graduate theses at the author’s university and 30 papers submitted to journals,which the author was entrusted to review,the present paper has addressed the novice researchers’common concern of research method application by defining and categorizing research methods and the related terms,combing and discussing the techniques for qualitative,quantitative,and mixed research methods in accordance with different research questions,and finally illustrating and explaining our viewpoints with real-life samples and comments.

Discussion on Professor Ba Jigemude's Research Methods of the History of Mongolian Medicine

The research methods of the history of Mongolian medicine refer to the general and special methods used in the understanding and research of the history of Mongolian medicine,as well as the methods of expression and compilation of the research achievements of the history of Mongolian medicine.There are not only analysis and generalization,abstractness and concreteness,deduction and induction,historical and logical methods,but also traditional philology methods such as textual research,exegesis and collation,as well as new methods such as field investigation method,empirical method,measurement method,comparison method,and oral account method.In the actual research process,a variety of methods are often used comprehensively.This paper mainly discusses the methods used by Professor Ba Jigemude in the study of the history of Mongolian medicine,and uses specific cases to analyze and summarize the formation and development of the history of ancient traditional medicine.

Research Methods in Sociolinguistics:A Practical Guide评介

本文通过对Research Methods in Sociolinguistics:A Practical Guide章节梳理,从多角度展现当代社会语言学数据类型、数据收集以及数据分析过程,旨在为社会语言学领域科研人员、教学人员和学生提供实际可行的研究方法。

Synoptic review on existing and potential sources for bias in dental research methodology with methods on their prevention and remedies

The results of years of dental study serve as the foundation for the practise of medicine and,for that matter,dentistry.Doctors may have their own preferences for techniques and materials,but whether directly or indirectly,their decisions are influenced by systematic reviews and meta-analyses.However,due to poorly conducted or presented research,this very basic foundation may not be reliable.Bias in research is one of several factors that might make study results or research itself unreliable.Bias can be introduced into research at many stages,deliberately or unknowingly.Bias can appear at any point during the research process,even before the study itself begins.There are many biases in research,but some of them are more relevant to dentistry research than others.Because it is said that“eyes see what the mind knows”,it is essential to have a complete understanding of the different types of bias,how and when they get entrenched,and what steps may be taken to prevent or lessen them if they do occur.This comprehensive summary of bias in dentistry research is provided by this synoptic review.The goal is to identify gaps and measures that have been taken-or that should have been taken-by providing both descriptive and evaluative summaries,as well as examples from the literature,when needed.

Epigenetic Methods in Neuroscience Research published

Epigenetic Methods in Neuroscience Research(ISBN:978-1-4939-2753-1,e Book ISBN:978-1-4939-2754-8)was published by Springer in 2016.The editor of this book is Nina N.Karpova,Neuroscience Center,University of Helsinki.This volume presents state-of-the-art methods for reliable detection of epigenetic changes in the nervous system.Epigenetic guides readers through methods for the analyses of chromatin remodeling,transposable elements,

Epigenetic Methods in Neuroscience Research published

Epilepsy Towards the Next Decade(ISBN:978-3-319-12282-3,eBook ISBN:978-3-319-12283-0)was published by Springer International Publishing in 2015.The editor of this book is Pasquale Striano,Pediatric Neurology and Muscular Diseases Unit,University of Genoa.This volume is a comprehensive collection of the most recent knowledge on the biological bases of various kinds of

Research Methods and Essay Writing Analysis of MBA Dissertation

With the vigorous development of innovation and entrepreneurship in China,a large number of managers of innovation and entrepreneurship enterprises are studying for MBA degree.The enrollment scale of the MBA program is expanding.In order to improve the quality of MBA dissertation and promote the sustainable and healthy development of MBA education,based on the author's years of MBA teaching experience and dissertation writing guidance experience,this paper introduces three research methods of dissertation writing skills:case study method,enterprise diagnosis method and survey research method,and analyzes five steps of MBA dissertation writing,which can be used as a reference for MBA(EMBA)students to improve their dissertation writing level.

New Methods in Genomic Research of Plants

Association mapping(as opposed to population mapping) is becoming more important in establishing associations between a phenotype and a genotype.The major advantage of association mapping,