基于Crystal Space的自定义插件的设计与实现

Crystal Space(简称CS)是一个开源的3D游戏引擎,作为其框架核心的SCF为用户设计和开发基于CS的自定义插件提供了便利。本文介绍了CS和SCF;然后,探讨了SCF在自定义插件等方面所具备的优势,最后,设计及实现了一个基于CS的自定义插件,并详细论述了其中所涉及的关键技术,从中发现,在实际开发过程中,设计及使用符合自己需要的自定义插件,将使基于CS的游戏开发或软件开发更加便利、快捷。

Meissner Exclusion of Gravito-Magnetic Energy from a Momentum-Space Crystal

A primordial field theory of Quantum Gravity resolves a number of century-old paradoxes associated with general relativity and quantum mechanics. It allows re-interpretation of major experiments such as Michelson-Gale (1925) and Q-bounce (1999). I address herein an unexplained anomalous experiment by Martin Tajmar (2006), in terms of a gravitomagnetic-based Meissner effect.

Crystallography in the Spaces E², E³, E⁴, E⁵...N⁰II Isomorphism Classes and Study of Five Crystal Families of Space E⁵

In the paper N0II, we describe some isomorphism classes and we apply their properties to the study of five crystal families of space E5. The names of these families are the following ones (monoclinic di iso squares)-al, decadic-al, (monoclinic di iso hexagons)-al, (rhombotopic cosa=-1/4)-al and rhombotopic cosa=-1/5. The meaning of these names will be given in Paragraphs 5 and 6 with some geometric properties of their cell.

Momentum-space crystal in narrow-line cooling of ^(87)Sr

The discovery of the momentum space crystal based on the alkaline-earth atom ^(88)Sr in narrow-line cooling has paved the way to explore this novel physical phenomenon in other cold atom systems. In this paper, a momentum space crystal based on the fermions ^(87)Sr in narrow-line cooling of transition^1S_0–~3P_1 is demonstrated. We theoretically analyze and compare the formation principle of the narrow-line with that of broad-line cooling, and achieve the momentum space crystal in experiment. Beyond that we present a series of numerical calculations of those important parameters which influence the distribution and size of the momentum space crystal. Correspondingly, we vary the values of these parameters in experiment to observe the momentum space crystal evolution and distribution. The experimental results are in conformity with the results of the theoretically numerical calculations. These results and analyses provide a detailed supplementary study on the formation and evolution of momentum space crystal. In addition, this work could also give a guideline on atomic manipulation by narrow-line cooling.

Geometrical Modeling of Crystal Structures with Use of Space of Elliptic Riemannian Geometry

The space of internal geometry of a model of a real crystal is supposed to be finite, closed, and with a constant Gaussian curvature equal to unity, permitting the realization of lattice systems in accordance with Fedorov groups of transformations. For visualizing computations, the interpretation of geometrical objects on a Clifford surface (SK) in Riemannian geometry with the help of a 2D torus in a Euclidean space is used. The F-algorithm ensures a computation of 2D sections of models of point systems arranged perpendicularly to the symmetry axes l3, l4, and l6. The results of modeling can be used for calculations of geometrical sizes of crystal structures, nanostructures, parameters of the cluster organization of oxides, as well as for the development of practical applications connected with improving the structural characteristics of crystalline materials.

单晶钙钛矿太阳能电池研究进展

单晶半导体(如硅、锗和砷化镓)在太阳能电池领域展现的光电转换效率要普遍优于多晶薄膜。然而,基于ABX3新型有机-无机杂化金属卤化物钙钛矿材料构建的第三代太阳能电池中,其>26%的最高认证效率是基于多晶薄膜实现的。目前,单晶钙钛矿太阳能电池最高效率约为24%,且相关研究较少。多晶钙钛矿薄膜存在着高密度的固有结构缺陷(如晶界、空位缺陷、杂质缺陷、反位缺陷等),会导致太阳能电池器件稳定性弱和严重迟滞效应等问题。相比之下,钙钛矿单晶具有无晶界、低缺陷密度、长载流子寿命和扩散距离等优势,这些特性使得钙钛矿单晶成为高性能光电子器件的理想优选材料。本综述简述钙钛矿单晶太阳能电池的基本器件结构,系统综述不同组分构成的钙钛矿单晶材料的优势/劣势,同时探讨不同单晶钙钛矿材料的制备/生长方法,细致分析其最新的研究进展和关键攻关方向,重点强调单晶钙钛矿材料组分、器件结构、生长工艺与器件性能之间的关系。希望本综述能为促进研究人员开发高效与高稳定钙钛矿单晶太阳能电池提供借鉴。

基于LC-OPA的空间激光通信技术进展

液晶相控阵既可以在空间激光通信技术建立多点间空间激光通信链路,又能代替压电偏摆镜的精瞄方式。阐述液晶相控阵应用趋势;通过对液晶相控阵中液晶分子电致双折射和多缝衍射光束偏转原理,提出替压电偏摆镜配合终端进行瞄准捕获跟踪的方案;以“一对二”空间激光通信终端为例,提出基于液晶相控阵多点间空间激光通信终端方案和链路工作模式,分析方案优势,并进行未来展望。

Crystal Structure of Natural Non-metamict Ti- and Fe^(2+)-rich Chevkinite-(Ce)

The crystal structure of non-metamict Ti- and Fe2+-rich chevkinite-(Ce) has been redetermined with the single -crystal sample collected from Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, China. The chemical formula of the sample is Ce4Fe2Ti3Si4O22. The crystals are monoclinic with the unit cell parameters a = 13.4656(15) ?, b = 5.7356(6) ?, c = 11.0977(12) ?, β= 100.636(2)o, V = 842.39 (16) ?3 and Z = 2. The structures of Ti- and Fe2+-rich chevkinite-(Ce) were refined with space groups P21/a and C2/m. Least-squares refinement results show that both structural models of Ti- and Fe2+-rich chevkinite-(Ce) are very good, R[F2>2σ(F2)] =0.027 with P21/a and R[F2>2σ(F2)] =0.021 with C2/m. In order to illustrate the relationship between the two space groups P21/a and C2/m, the distribution of diffraction intensities was inspected. Pseudo extinction was found, i.e., reflections with h+k=2n are systematically strong, while those with h+k=2n+1 are weak. By neglecting the systematically weak (h+k=2n+1) reflections the space group becomes C2/m. There is a mirror plane in the C2/m perpendicular to the b axis. However, oxygen atoms in the P21/a model are of a symmetrical relationship with the corresponding pseudo mirror plane. It is concluded that the crystal structure of non-metamict Ti- and Fe2+-rich chevkinite-(Ce) is a superstructure with the space group of P21/a, which is of pseudo symmetry corresponding to the space group C2/m.

SPACE MATERIALS SCIENCE

The main studying activities and results on space materials science during 1996-1997 in China were summarized. The typical research subjects are crystal growth from melt, crystal growth from solution, nucleation, undercooling,solidification of alloys and space experimental hardware. They are carried out by the ground-based studies, the short duration microgravity missions and orbital experiments.

Synthesis of Nanosized NaY Zeolite by Confined Space Method

Nanosized NaY crystals have been prepared from metakaolin and sodium silicate by confined space synthesis with starch additive. It is found that the product has a narrow crystal size distribution (50-100 nm), high Si/Al ratio (Si/Al=4.6-6.1), high surface area (1090 m2/g) and the average diameter of nanosized NaY (75 nm) synthesized is 30 nm, it is smaller than that of without starch additive.

Materials Experiment on Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory

During the China's Tiangong-2(TG-2) flight mission, the experiments of 18 kinds of material samples were conducted in space by using a Multiple Materials Processing Furnace(MMPF) mounted in the orbital module of the TG-2 space laboratory. After the experiments of 12 kinds of samples of the first and second batches were completed successfully, astronauts packed and brought them back to the ground by ShenzhouII spacecraft. By studying processing and formation on semiconductor and optoelectronics materials, metal alloys and metastable materials, functional single-crystal, micro-and nano-composite materials encapsulated in sample ampoules both in space and on Earth, we expect to explore some physical and chemical processes and mechanism of the materials formation that are normally obscured and therefore are difficult to study quantitatively on the ground due to the gravity-induced convection, to obtain the processing and synthesis technology for preparing high quality materials, and lead to the improvement and development of materials processing techniques on Earth, and also develop the experiment device and comprehensive ability for materials experiment in microgravity environment. This report briefly introduces the main points of each research work and preliminary comparative analysis results of 12 samples carried out by scientists undertaking research task.

Revising Space Groups from Simulated SHELXfcf Structure Factors. More Examples of Incorrect Space Groups, an Example of a Chemically-Incorrect Structure and the Special Case of Pgl to PRevisions

The structure factors of any crystal structure can be simulated from its atomic coordinates (and temperature factors) in a SHELXL-97 run on a dummy hkl in which only the scale factor is refined. The squares of the structure factors are retrieved from the fcf, and such simulated data are used in the revision of the space groups of several incorrectly-refined crystal structures. Two cases, a P1 to P1 revision and a chemically-incorrect structure that is refined in a correct space group, are discussed.

Cold Fusion Based on Matter-Antimatter Plasma Formed in Molecular Crystals

The main purpose of this work is to shed light on the possibility of producing huge amount of energy based on the construction matter-antimatter plasma in a molecular crystal. It is assumed that two beams of isothermal hydrogen and antihydrogen are injected into a palladium crystal leading to a plasma state composed of particles and antiparticles. The collapse of this state releases a huge amount of energy which can be used as fuel for space shuttles. Thus, the novel system of isothermal pressure interaction enhances the energy power carried out by the quantum ion acoustic soliton (QIAS). In addition to the energy power released from the particle-antiparticle annihilation. The probability of merging the energy from these two cases is available at certain condition. The released energy may be a significant step in solving the energy scape of Tokomak to produce fusion energy. The study starting from the one-dimensional quantum hydrodynamic model (in which the term of electron-positron and proton-antiproton for hydrogen-antihydrogen is included), a Korteweg de Vries equation (kdv) is derived, the QIAS energy experiences and the annihilation energy power are calculated. It is found that the total energy of QIAS and the energy resulting from hydrogen-antihydrogen annihilation are important step towards the establishment of a cold fusion power station.

Relationship between columnar crystal spacing and electric current density in unidirectional solidification of monophase Cu-Al alloy

On the basis of previous theoretical inferential relationship between the columnar crystal spacing and the density of electric current applied during unidirectional solidification, the effect of current density on the columnar crystal spacing was discussed and analyzed, and the experiment was made to verify the theoretical relationship. The results show that at fast solidification speed the columnar crystal spacing decreases with increasing the density of electric current, while at slow solidification speed the columnar crystal spacing increases with increasing the density of electric current. The critical conditions for the evolution of columnar crystal spacing were confirmed. The calculated values concerning the spacing and the density are consistent with the experimental results.

DENDRITE REFINING AND EUTECTIC TRANSFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF NICKEL-BASE SINGLE CRYSTAL (NBSC) SUPERALLOY

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Comparison of Excitation of Acoustic-Electromagnetic Wave in Piezoelecric Crystal and Crystal with Potential of Deformation

In this article, the comparison of excitation in high frequencies of acoustic-electromagnetic wave in piezoelecric crystal and crystal with potential of deformation GaAs is investigating. Possible mechanisms of coupling different hybrid waves are the piezoeffect and the deformation potential. As a model it is analyzing a film of crystal places between two symmetrical substrates with the other materials without an acoustic contact. This film includes 2D electron gas with a high negative differential conductivity and uniform initial distribution of electrons. The hybrid acoustic-electromagnetic wave and hybrid space charge wave interact. Amplification of space charge wave takes place due to negative differential conductivity in GaAs. This amplification of space charge waves is causing the amplification of acoustic-electromagnetic wave. It is to show that the symmetric modes, emerging as transverse ones, interact more effectively with the space charge waves. Another important result is the following: at the frequencies f ≈ 10 GHz, the excitation efficiency of acoustic-electromagnetic wave with transverse displacement due to piezoeffect is more effective, but at higher frequencies, the deformation potential is dominating.

基于空间光通信的光束偏转技术研究现状及趋势分析

光束偏转技术是自由空间激光通信的关键组成部分,其性能决定了自由空间激光通信能否满足快速、稳定的通信需求。系统总结了机械式和非机械式六类光束偏转技术的国内外研究进展,根据不同技术的偏转特性,从关键指标方面比较分析了各类光束偏转技术的特点,并从空间应用性能需求的角度给出了发展趋势,展望了电光偏转技术在空间光通信领域具有很好的应用前景,为下一步的研究工作指明了方向。

Plasmas Created in the Interaction of Antiprotons with Atomic and Ionized Hydrogen Isotopes. Suggested Fuels for Space Engines

The main objective of the present work is to investigate the properties of plasmas created by injecting a thermalized beam of antiprotons in two types of media. The first is hydrogen, deuterium, or tritium atoms localized in palladium crystals. The second medium is composed of protons, deuterons, or tritons localized in a magnetic cavity. Particularly, it is demonstrated that huge amounts of energy are released in both cases which could be used as fuels for space shuttle engines. A novel mathematical scheme is employed to calculate the energy yields in real space at different incident energies of the antiprotons.

抗弯曲大模场面积少模光子晶体光纤

为更好地解决少模光纤在传输中由于模式耦合过强而导致的信号串扰问题,对弱耦合光子晶体光纤中的线偏振(LP)模式以及矢量模的传输特性进行了研究,设计了一种可传输20种矢量模的双包层光子晶体光纤。通过有限元法模拟光纤参数对相邻LP模式间最小有效折射率差的影响,优化结构参数,使光纤支持稳定传输6种LP模式并满足弱耦合要求。最后分析了不同模式的有效模场面积、弯曲损耗。结果表明:各模式之间的最小有效折射率差达到1.12×10^(-4),表明模式间的串扰可忽略。基模有效模场面积达到了1040μm^(2),且其相应的非线性系数低至1.07×10^(-10)。此外,在弯曲半径为38 mm时,各模式弯曲损耗最大仅为5.65×10^(-8)dB/km。与主流的单模光纤及少模单包层相比,该结构具有大模场面积,低模间串扰及更强的抗弯曲能力,丰富了空分复用技术的开发思路。在大数据、虚拟现实、网络传输容量等新兴业务以及光纤传感方面提供了有益的参考方案。

抽拉速率对Co-Al-W基单晶高温合金凝固行为的影响

系统地研究抽拉速率(50~300μm/s)对Co-7Al-8W-1Ta-4Ti单晶高温合金枝晶间距、显微组织、显微偏析行为与凝固特征温度等凝固行为的影响规律;同时,基于Kurz-Fisher方程计算了单晶高温合金的平均液相扩散系数。结果表明,随着抽拉速率的提高,合金的一次和二次枝晶间距均显著细化。Co-7Al-8W-1Ta-4Ti合金的平均液相扩散系数与一代镍基单晶高温合金接近,低于高x(Al)/x(W)的CoNi基单晶高温合金,但高于含Re的二代镍基单晶高温合金。合金中Al、W、Ta和Ti元素的显微偏析倾向以及枝晶间析出相的面积分数均随着抽拉速率的提高总体呈现先增大(50~200μm/s)后降低(200~300μm/s)的趋势。随着抽拉速率的提高,合金的液相线温度基本不变,但固相线温度呈现先降低(50~100μm/s)后保持不变(100~300μm/s)的趋势。此外,抽拉速率未改变实验合金的凝固路径。