Ln_2O_3/X-13分子筛作酯化反应催化剂的研究

用浸渍-焙烧法制备的Ln2O3／X－13分子筛（Ln＝Nd、Sm、Tm、Lu、Eu、Dy），其稀土氧化物含量为0．83％～0．93％，该分子筛对芳香酸、脂肪酸与醇的酯化反应有明显的催化作用．芳香酸酯化反应转化率以合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯（DOP）为例，它比无催化剂的转化率提高10％左右，比X－13分子筛的催化转化率提高8％左右；脂肪酸酯化反应转化率以合成棕酸辛酯（IOP）为例，它比无催化剂的转化率提高7％左右，比X－13分子筛的催化转化率提高4％左右．而且，Ln2O3／X－13分子筛与Ln2O3／Al2O3型酯化反应催化剂相比，其稀上用量下降25％左右．酯化反应温度下降10℃左右．上述结果表明．Ln2O3／X－13分子筛是一种优良的酯化反应催化剂。

13X分子筛强化混凝法处理微污染水的试验

目的研究13X分子筛与聚合氯化铝联用对微污染水的净化效果,确定适宜的试验条件.方法采用静态试验方法,通过分子筛不同粒径、不同投加量、分子筛与混凝剂不同投加顺序条件下的试验进行对比.结果投量2.5 g/L,粒径0.074、0.2、0.5 mm的分子筛与投量40mg/L聚合氯化铝联用,0.2 mm粒径分子筛效果较好,有机物、氨氮、浊度、色度去除率分别为:59.88%,55.97%,79.6%,62.52%.投量3.0 g/L时,效果变化不大.由于不易沉淀,0.074 mm分子筛较0.2 mm的效果差.投量过多对浓度和色度的去除效果下降,其原因主要是搅拌破碎而造成,通过降低搅拌时间,可提高分子筛对浊度的去除效果.先投加分子筛,后加混凝剂效果较好.结论分子筛与聚合氯化铝混凝剂联用,对微污染水中的有机物、氨氮、浊度和色度均有较好的去除效果.

Preparation of Novel Dechlorination Adsorbent and Study on Its Adsorption Mechanism

The preparation of novel dechlorination adsorbent by using the modified 13 X molecular sieve and its adsorption mechanism were studied. XRD and SEM analyses showed that the Ag-13 X molecular sieve revealed a new crystal plane,while other molecular sieve samples more or less contained some impurities. The BET data showed that only Ag^+ ions could enlarge the pore size and the pore volume at the same time. The NH_3-TPD diagram showed that the acid sites of the adsorbent increased after its modification by metal ions and only the Ag-13 X molecular sieve generated new medium strong acid sites. According to adsorption experiments conducted at different concentration and temperature, the dechlorination adsorption mechanism of Ag-13 X molecular sieve was a combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption which showed the different degree of influence at different temperatures.

苯对二苯并噻吩在Cu(Ⅰ)-13X上吸附性能的影响

测定了30℃和50℃下,二苯并噻吩的吸附等温线。结果表明,在二苯并噻吩的质量分数为12 00μg/g时二苯并噻吩的平衡吸附量分别为81.1 mg/g和76.8 mg/g,采用Langmuir模型进行关联,计算值与实验值的误差分别为7.55%和2.57%;实验还考察了苯对二苯并噻吩吸附的影响,发现二苯并噻吩双组分吸附平衡量比单组分分别降低了10.2%和12.1%。固定床穿透实验结果表明:苯存在情况下,二苯并噻吩的穿透容量较单组分降低了24.4%。

Design and experiment of high-productivity two-stage vacuum pressure swing adsorption process for carbon capturing from dry flue gas

A two-stage vacuum pressure swing adsorption(VPSA)process that coupled kinetically controlled and equilibrium controlled separation process with reflux has been investigated for capturing carbon dioxide from dry flue gas(85%N_(2)/15%CO_(2)).In the first enriching stage,carbon molecular sieve(CMS),which shows kinetic selectivity for CO_(2)/N_(2),is adopted as the adsorbent to remove most N_(2)in feed gas,thereby upgrading CO_(2)and significantly reducing the amount for further refinement.The second stage loads zeolite 13X as adsorbent to purify the CO_(2)-rich flow from the first stage for meeting the requirements of National Energy Technology Laboratory.Series of experiments have been conducted for adsorption isotherms measuring and lab-scale experimental validation as well as analysis.The effect of feed composition on the separation performance of the PSA system was studied experimentally and theoretically here.The optimal results achieved 95.1%purity and 92.9%recovery with a high CO_(2)productivity(1.89 mol CO_(2)·h^(-1)·kg^(-1))and an appropriate energy consumption of 1.07 MJ·(kg CO_(2))^(-1).Further analysis has been carried out by simulation for explicating the temperature,pressure,and concentration distribution at cyclic steady state.

高效吸附精制脱除石脑油中氮化物的研究

用载酸13 X分子筛吸附脱除中国石油化工股份有限公司安庆分公司石脑油中的有机氮化物,浸渍剂为磷酸溶液。结果表明,脱氮后,石脑油有机氮质量分数可降至小于0.7×10-6,脱除率为84.5%;单次循环吸附脱除石脑油中的有机氮时,m(石脑油)/m(吸附剂)为190.3;最佳液相吸附脱氮条件为吸附温度20℃,空速6 h-1;脱附条件为温度200℃,氮气空速60 h-1,脱附时间3 h;先对失活吸附剂脱附,然后用磷酸溶液再生,活性可恢复为新鲜吸附剂的92.3%。

酸碱、高温改性13X分子筛及其对苯乙烯的吸附

针对原样13X分子筛吸附速率和吸附容量低的问题,通过碱溶液(NaOH,NH3)和酸溶液(CH3COOH,HCl)对13X分子筛进行浸渍改性,并对酸改性后的分子筛进行高温二次处理,考察了试剂种类、试剂浓度、浸渍时间、焙烧温度、焙烧时间5个因素对分子筛吸附性能的影响,并采用SEM和BET进行了表征。结果表明:最佳改性条件是盐酸浓度6.0 mol·L-1、浸渍时间24 h、焙烧温度450℃、焙烧时间6 h;在最佳条件下制备的改性分子筛极大提高了对苯乙烯的吸附速率和吸附容量;改性后的分子筛对苯乙烯的动态吸附更符合准2级动力学模型,R2均大于0.98;SEM表征结果说明改性后分子筛表面孔隙率明显增加;BET比表面积分析结果说明酸改性可使分子筛各类孔面积增加,而高温改性会使BET比表面积和中孔面积增加,微孔面积降低;相关分析结果显示,改性分子筛对苯乙烯动态饱和吸附量与BET比表面积和中孔面积均呈显著正相关。

Carbon isotopic compositions of individual terpenoids in heavy oils from Karamay oilfield

The carbon isotopic compositions of individual terpenoids in the heavy oils from the Karamay oilfield were determined by using the method of enrichment of terpanes with molecular sieve 13X and GC-IRMS technique. The terpanes, selectively enriched from the biodegraded oils with molecular sieve 13X, can meet the demand of GO-IRMS analysis. The carbon isotopic compositions of the hopanoids (δ13C-31.7‰—-37.8‰) infer that their main source is probably non-methanotrophic bacteria,and that the depositional environment of source rocks is a strongly reductive, rapidly depositional, and closed-semi-closed saline lagoon.