Changes in Post-World War II： Italians in Rochester, N.Y.

This article examines the major similarities and differences among Italians who migrated to Rochester, N.Y., before World War II and post-World War Ⅱ. It offers explanations on the similarities and differences among these two groups of migrants. Investigation of historical, sociological, and anthropological sources along with interviews among both populations provides abundant data bearing on the investigation. The successful completion of the research reported in this article has major bearing on the issue of migration itself, theories in history, sociology, and anthropology, and even on social psychological understanding of how choices are made and identity is formulated.

Biology and Culture

Human beings do not live in nature, they live in culture. Contrary to biological evolution, which is based on genetic inheritance, cultural change is transmitted by instruction. Simple beginnings of culture have been observed in various animals. However, the much advanced human culture became possible by its transmission by language, and by its being cumulative. The concept of cultural change as a progressive process, popular by 18th and 19th centuries thinkers, is nowadays rejected, and the uniqueness of each culture stressed. Although, there are some similarities between biological evolution and cultural change, important differences between these processes are emphasized. The rapid rate of cultural change （especially its technological aspect）, as compared to the rate of biological evolution, is noted. In addition, some cultural changes led to new phenomena, which in a time of crisis can be annulled. The possible consequences of the different rate of these two processes for humans as individuals, and for their societies are discussed.

Gender Mainstreaming Policy： Development and Culture in Taiwan

The gender mainstreaming policy has developed with the change of culture in Taiwan from 2001 to 2012. Based on literature review, this paper discusses the change of culture and the development of gender mainstreaming policy with ＂Gender at Work Framework＂ to explain the difference between change at the formal, organizational level and change at the informal and personal level for addressing the root causes of gender equality. This research finds that to achieve gender mainstreaming policy goal, the government has to foster robust, and sound cultural basis for the society.

The Effects of Mass Media on Chinese Cultural Change in Global Con⁃ text: Taking Festival Culture as Example

With advanced technologies and globalization,there are more and more forms of mass media to transmit information.Different theories have been developed to study the effects of mass media on people and culture.This paper focuses on introducing the concept and functions of mass media and taking festival culture as example to explore how to use media correctly to carry forward cultural inheritance.

A Study of Educational Change as Culture Change--a Comparison of the Grammar-Translation Method and Communicative Language Teaching Method

The world is complex and increasingly changing.The old education theory and the education model are greatly impacted,and it is difficult to meet the challenge of social change.To adapt to the changing society,education must conform to the social changes,grasp the direction of change,to seek a new position.This paper uses the theory of"educational culture"to explain the change from the Grammar Translation Method(GTM)to the Communicative Language Teaching(CLT)method.Two different teaching methods are two different concepts,representing two different cultural connotations.

On the Historical Change of Human Rights Culture in China

Culture serves as the spiritual essence and moral support for human rights, whereas the latter provides the value orientation and goal for culture. Human rights are universal as well as particular, since each nation fosters its own perceptions and value orientations related to human rights, which leads to the formation of a human rights culture.

Organizational dynamics of an information system: case study from the forestry sector

The Forest Department in the State of Uttar Pradesh, India developed Forest Management Information System (FMIS) for achieving organizational goals of improved financial and human resource management, improvement in the management of forests and wildlife, and for achieving responsive administration. This paper, based on field research, presents an assessment of the dynamics of FMIS in organizational context for a better understanding of such systems in forestry organizations. The paper also investigates the success of FMIS in assisting decision makers in achieving organizational goals. Based on the knowledge developed during the course of the study, key learning elements have been highlighted for the benefit of the stakeholders in information systems in forest sector.

Empathic Design： A Study of Media Information Concept Design and The Virtual Home

This research tried to propose possible ways to resolve the paper over-consumption issues. The nature resources have been over used all the time. How we used the technologies to solve environmental problems has become an essential issue. How we could develop a prosperous vision for the future is even critical to solving design problems. The research methods used are literature reviews and conception design with empathy. This paper also tried to discuss various issues from different aspects. Nowadays, we have been influenced by technologies in our daily life. Even our cultures, life styles, and behavior, etc. are deeply changed. However, there are few ways we need to think what will happen in the future and how we could imagine possible ways to solve all of these problems. This research has proposed The Virtual Home （T.V.H.）, which is a way to change the mass media dissemination and information control. The T.V.H. designed with some functions is trying to centralize all kind of mass media and help save natural resources.

De-schooling Well-being: Toward a Learning-Oriented Definition

Purpose:(1)Critique conventional schooling as detrimental to student well-being and learning.(2)Articulate an alternative that is more conducive to learning and well-being in classrooms,schools,and educational systems.Design/Approach/Methods:I review the historical functions of compulsory schooling,the main critiques to conventional schooling developed over the past century,emerging knowledge on the neuroscience of learning and well-being,and cases of large-scale pedagogical transformation from the Global South.Findings:I argue that conventional schooling is detrimental to well-being,that deep learning is a precursor of well-being,and that compulsory schooling is not designed to cultivate it.Well-being has to be de-schooled so that students thrive in schools:The grammar of schooling has to be replaced with the language of learning.This requires deep and widespread cultural change,and some movements of pedagogical renewal from the Global South offer important lessons on how to accomplish this.Originality/Value:Expanding the scope of existing debates about student well-being by questioning the assumption that compulsory schooling is inherently good and pointing out that unless the default culture of schooling is replaced with cultures of robust learning,student well-being efforts will simply reproduce the very problems they seek to solve.

Women's Art and Women Artists in Cultural Change

ON March 3rd, 1998, an exhibition titled "Century · Women" drew up its curtain at the China Arts Gallery in Beijing, and attracted a vast number of visitors with its large scale, historical overview, and representation of a great number of painters with various styles. While people strolled in the gallery, a lively forum on the topic of "Visual Angle of Gender: Women’s Arts and Women Artists in Cultural Change" was also taking place in Beijing. The purpose of the forum was to corroborate the academic value of the exhibition, as well as to analyze the cultural significance of women’s art through the exploration of the history and present situation of Chinese women’s art, Over 30 scholars and artists presented speeches on the topic; the audience numbered in the hundreds.