Traditional cultural effect on modern management in China

1.0 Summary The report is stated the influence of traditional cultural and ideology arouse from old-time feudality system and Confucianism in modern management in China. The features of the culture provide many implications to modern managers in evaluation, motivation and recruitment.……

Construction engineering management culture shift: Is the lowest tender offer dead?

The procurement of public construction projects must walk a fine line between the corruption of state officials and collusion of contractors. The method of awarding projects to the lowest responsible tenderer was originally implemented to guard against corruption of state officials. However, an investigation of the construction industry in the Canadian province of Quebec showed that lowest-tender-offer procurement gave rise to collusion of companies tendering for the contracts. Alternatively, bestvalue procurement has been used for decades, but here problems arise owing to the necessity of subjective judging of measures other than price to compare bids, giving rise to time-and money-consuming protests. The paper proposes a compelling argument that the construction engineering management(CEM) culture should refocus its efforts on enhancing project cost certainty rather than merely searching for means to design a project in a manner that produces the lowest initial cost, and awards the construction to the lowest tender offer that focuses on cost savings during the project development and delivery process. The difference in the two approaches is subtle but extremely important. To make the transition, the engineering management tools must be advanced to the next level.This means that all project control tools for managing cost,schedule, and technical scope must be transformed from working in the deterministic mode to the stochastic mode,thus making the probability of completing the projectwithin or below its official budget the primary decision criterion. To do so, CEMs must accept that there is a benefit in paying more for an alternative that increases cost certainty for the entire project. The authors of this paper hope that it will provide the grist for a more general dialog across all industry sectors where engineering management is practiced.

Exploration of cooperative management system of transregional cultural landscape heritage: a case study of Loire Valley between Sully-sur-Loire and Chalonnes

There seems to be a general consensus that management and policy play a very signifcant role in landscape evolution,and the protection and development of cultural landscapes are considered important components of sustainable development.This study introduces an overall landscape protection framework and explores the cooperative management system of the Loire Valley cultural landscapes as a World Heritage Site.By analysing the transregional management system and the relevant policies for protecting the Loire Valley cultural landscapes,this article tries to determine how this coordinating mechanism is constituted and operated and how local authorities and stakeholders can be coordinated to implement protection and development projects that visibly infuence the evolution of cultural landscapes in the area.This transregional cooperative management system actively promotes the rehabilitation and revitalisation of the cities and territories of the Loire Valley.Thus,the article summarises key actors and ways to establish an efective cooperation management system that can provide a reference for other transregional heritage sites.

Developing Audiences Through Outreach and Education in the Major Performing Arts Institutions of Hong Kong:Towards a Conceptual Framework

The public's participation rate in performing arts in Hong Kong has historically been low,and the Arts Participation and Consumption Survey in 2018 indicated that the primary reason was 4a lack of interest*and that education in the arts could increase public involvement.The survey data clearly indicate the significance of education as a driver to develop future audiences.There are nine major performing arts organisations funded by the Hong Kong government,and they share the responsibility of shaping the performing arts landscape.This study explored the role of outreach and education within these major performing arts organisations and how they impact audience development.In addition to document analysis and fieldwork,the researcher interviewed five cultural leaders from the nine performing arts organisations.The findings of this study indicate that while the organisations*outreach and education engagement help to achieve various important educational goals,direct impact on ticket sales is not easily quantifiable and may occur in the long run.This study concludes by offering a proposed conceptual framework for outreach and education when they are positioned in non-profit performing arts organisations.The four layers in the proposed conceptual framework involve cognitive,affective,ethical,and behavioural dimensions.It contributes to reframing the conceptualisation of audience development for the performing arts and sheds new light on the future of outreach and education in arts organisations and policymaking in arts and culture,with far-reaching implications for other non-profit cultural organisations in Hong Kong and globally.