Analysis of fluoxetine-induced plasticity mechanisms as a strategy for understanding plasticity related neural disorders

Fluoxetine hydrochloride,better known for its commercial name Prozac,is one of the most widely prescribed antidepressant drugs all over the world.This drug was considered a＂breakthrough drug＂for the treatment of depression because of its very high selectivity as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and because it presented a lower side-effectprofile than previous drugs （Wong et al., 2005）.

ⅩⅩ World Congress on Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders

Time:December 8-11,2013Venue:Palexpo Geneva Congress Center,Geneva,Switzerland Email:Parkinson@kenes.com Website:www2.kenes.com/parkinson/Pages/Home.aspxⅩⅩ World Congress on Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders will be held on December 8-11,2013 in Geneva,Switzerland.As the motto for this World Congress is'Integration by Translation',this Congress will deal in a most translational way with most recent research and updates on the etiology,pathogenesis,potential diagnostic markers and treatment modalities

Validation of a Classification System for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders Based on DSM-5

The purpose of this study was to examine whether a broad?obsessive-compulsive and related disorders model, which consisted of obsessive-compulsive, hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic, trichotillomania and pathological skin picking, displayed sufficient data fit. On the other hand, we examined whether a reduced obsessive-compulsive and related disorders symptoms model consisting of above mentioned disorders demonstrated superior fit or not. To test the factor structure validity of the classification system of obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders, we used Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA). Result of factor structure analysis revealed and supported an OCSD symptoms dimension that included obsessive-compulsive, hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic, trichotillomania, and pathological skin picking symptoms. Also, results of this study supported?the DSM-5 changes.

Introduction of The Chinese Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Related Disorders

The Chinese Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease&Related Disorders, the first journal dedicated to Alzheimer’s disease and related neurodegenerative diseases in China, was founded by Chinese Association for Alzheimer’s disease (CAAD)(CN 10-1536/R, ISSN 2096—5516) in early 2018.

A Review of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Symptoms, Risk Factors, Treatment, and Health Related Quality of Life Issues

In this paper, we present a thorough review of one of the most life-threatening autoimmune diseases, Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus). Symptoms, risk factors, including genetic and epidemiological factors are discussed. Treatment, life expectancies, and Health Related Quality of Life of patients with SLE will be discussed as well. Special attention will be given to Lupus Nephritis.

THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF EVENT RELATED POTENTIALSIN PATIENTS WITH OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER,DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY

Objective:To investigate the variations of contingent negative varisations(CNV),P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder(OCD),depressiopn and anxiety.MEthods:Event-related potentials CNV,P300 and MMN were recorded in 31 patients with OCD by Nicolet SPirit Instrument,and were compared with that of 20 depression controls(DC) and 17 anxiety controls(AC)and 28 normal controls(NC),Results:A significant difference of CNV among 4 sulbject groups was found in both post-imperative negative variation(PINV) and amplitudes(M1)(P<0.01)(emergence of PINV were 45%),60%,35%,and 4% in OCD,DC,AC and NC groups respectively),Compared with NC group,DC and AC groups showed decreased M1 amplitude(P<0.01).A significant difference of P300 among 4 groups was found in both latencies(Cz/N2) and P3 and nontarget-P2 amplitudes(P<0.05-0.01),The delayed MMN latencies of OCD and DC were similar to that of P300 changes,Conclusions:CNV,P300 and MMN are useful tools for assessing the brain malfunction of OCD,DC and AC,and its clinical application are suggested.The characteristics ERPs of those patients might be useful indexes in distinguishing OCD from DC and AC patients.

Sleep Related Eating Disorder as an Unexpected Effect of Zolpidem

Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic drug used to treat in sleep disorders, and it is the most commonly prescribed drug for insomnia. It reduces sleep latency and increases total sleep time. However, some studies have reported that zolpidem might induce sleep related eating disorder (SRED). SRED is characterized by recurrent episodes of compulsive and involuntary eating during night sleep, accompanied by partial consciousness and limited subsequent recall. The pathophysiology of SRED is unknown. Patients with SRED usually suffer from other sleep disorders such as sleepwalking, restless legs syndrome, and obstructive sleep apnea. In this article, we present an overview of case reports on SRED induced by zolpidem.

Incidence and related factors of dysphagia in stroke patients

AIM:To investigate the incidence and rel ated factors of dysphagia in stroke patients.METHODS:Water drinking test were applied to 100patients who received continuously by neurology and rehabilitation department afte r their condition was stable.RESULTS:Dysphagia incidence of the 100cases of stroke patients was 33%.CONCLUSION:Analysis of related factors indi-cates that incidence of dysphagia has no relationship with sex,age,position of the lesion and complications,but sh ows correlation with status of consc ious-ness,cognitive skill,character of the lesion,position,course,exerc ise abili-ty,daily life activities,buccofac ial apraxia,speech apraxia and aphasia.

Epidemiological Patterns of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Healthcare Workers in Five Reference Hospitals in the City of Douala, Cameroon

Introduction: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are a public health problem and have forced many workers to quit their jobs prematurely. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of WRMSDs among Healthcare workers in five reference hospitals in the City of Douala-Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022 among 561 healthcare workers working in five reference hospitals in the city of Douala, Cameroon. Participants were selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected with structured questionnaires;data on the demographics and risk factors were collected using a well-designed questionnaire, while estimation of the prevalence of WRMSDs was done using the Modified Nordic questionnaire. Results: The overall prevalence rate of WRMSDs among healthcare workers in Douala hospitals was 83.4% (468/561). The prevalence per professional groups was as follows: 88.8% (71) for Medical Laboratory Scientists (MLS), 81.9% (289) for nurses, 21 (80.8%) for Physiotherapists (PTs) and 78.8% (41) for Medical Doctors (MDs). There was a significant difference (p = 0.001) in the prevalence of WRMSDs with respect to place of work where healthcare workers from HLD recorded the highest prevalence 89.9%, while Healthcare workers from NBDH were 2.91 times at risk (AOR = 2.91;95% CI: 1.32 - 6.41;p = 0.001) to develop WRMSDs than healthcare workers in the other hospitals. With respect to body region, the highest prevalence of WRMSDs was recorded on the lower back, 58.8% with the lowest at the elbows 11.2%. The age group 30 to 39 years was significantly associated with WRMSDs at level of the shoulder (p = 0.002), upper back (p = 0.019), elbows (p Conclusion: The overall prevalence rate of WRMSDs among healthcare workers in Douala hospitals was high. The prevalence of WRMSDs is highest among MLS and nurses and the most affected body parts are;lower back, neck and upper back. Working on the same posture, stressful job, and repetitive tasks were the major risk factors associated to WRMSDs among healthcare workers in Douala hospitals.

Description of Post-Stroke Cognitive Disorders at Abidjan University Hospitals, Côte d’Ivoire

Stroke patients often experience motor deficits and cognitive problems after a stroke. Objective: To improve our understanding of the cognitive consequences of stroke. Method: a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over 12-month period in the neurology departments of the Cocody and Treichville Hospitals in Côte d’Ivoire. Results: Out of 724 patients admitted to the neurology department, 415 (57.32%) were stroke patients, of which 145 (34.94%) were screened. The frequency of global cognitive functioning impairment was 86.21%, significantly higher than the frequency of patients without impairment, which was 13.79%. The study focused on detailing the cognitive status of stroke patients in neurology departments, assessing several cognitive functions during the subacute phase of stroke. These functions included global cognitive functioning, executive functions, language and memory. The frequency of post-stroke cognitive impairment is high among stroke patients in Abidjan. This frequency is comparable to figures found in Subsaharian stroke populations. Demographic and clinical characteristics studied included age, gender, education level, employment status, vascular diseases and cerebral affected area. Among these characteristics, only the education level and the cerebral affected area have been found significant. Conclusion: The incidence of cognitive impairment after a stroke is significantly high among stroke patients in Abidjan.

Therapeutic Effects of an Alpha-Casozepine and White Fish Muscle Hydrolyzed Complementary Feed on Canine Separation-Related Disorders and Quality of Life of Dogs and Their Pet Owners

Background: Separation-related disorders are prevalent in dogs and can result in problem behaviours such as inappropriate elimination, destructive behaviour, and distress vocalizations which occur when an owner is absent or perceived as absent. Numerous natural products are marketed for managing anxiety in dogs;however, few, if any, of these products have documented evidence of efficacy in veterinary behaviour. Purpose: This open, multicentric clinical trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a new supplement containing alpha-casozepine and fish muscle hydrolysate on the separation-related problem in dogs and the impact on the quality of life of dogs and their pet owners. Material and Methods: Fifty-one dogs with clinical signs compatible with separation-related problems were included. The dogs were treated with a complementary feed (Zylkene Plus, Vetoquinol, France) for 30 days. Separation-related behaviour assessment (SRP), emotional disorders assessment (EDED) and the quality of life (QoL) of the pets and their pet owner were assessed at baseline and the end of the study by the veterinarians. In addition, owners were asked to rate their dog’s SRP weekly after enrolment using the same questionnaire that the veterinarian used at the beginning of the study. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the SRP, EDED, and QoL scores (P Conclusion: The results of this study support the hypothesis that the combination of alpha-casozepine and fish muscle hydrolysate is a promising and effective option to reduce the frequency and severity of separation-related behaviour in dogs and improve the quality of dogs and their owners.

miRACA： A database for miRNAs associated with cancers and age related disorders （ARD）

BACKGROUND： With the given diversity and abundance of several targets of miRNAs, they functionally appear to interact with several elements of the multiple cellular networks to maintain physiologic homeostasis. They can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, whose under or overexpression has both diagnostic and prognostic significance in various cancers while being implicated as prospective regulators of age-related disorders （ARD） as well. Establishing a concatenate between ARD and cancers by looking into the insights of the shared miRNAs may have a practical relevance. METHODS： In the present work, we performed network analysis of miRNA-disease association and miRNA-target gene interaction to prioritize miRNAs that play significant roles in the manifestation of cancer as well as ARD. Also, we developed a repository that stores miRNAs common to both ARD and cancers along with their target genes. RESULTS： We have comprehensively curated all miRNAs that we found to be shared in both the diseases in the human genome and established a database, miRACA （Database for microRNAs Associated with Cancers and ARD） that currently houses information of 1648 miRNAs that are significantly associated with 38 variants supported with pertinent data. It has been made available online at http：//genomeinformatics.dtu.ac.in/miraca/for easy retrieval and utilization of data by the scientific community. CONCLUSION： To the best of our knowledge, our database is the first attempt at compilation of such data. We believe this work may serve as a significant resource and facilitate the analysis of miRNA regulatory mechanisms shared between cancers and ARD to apprehend disease etiology.

Glucomannan for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders in children:A randomized trial

AIM:To assess the efficacy of glucomannan(GNN) as the sole treatment for abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders(FGIDs).METHODS:We conducted a double-blind,placebocontrolled,randomized trial.Patients were recruited among children referred to the Department of Paediatrics,Medical University of Warsaw.Included in the study were children aged 7-17 years with abdominal pain-related FGIDs classified according to the Rome Ⅲ diagnostic criteria.The children were randomly assigned to receive GNN,a polysaccharide of 1,4-D-glucose and D-mannose,a soluble fiber from the Japanese Konjac plant,at a dosage of 2.52 g/d(1 sachet of 1.26 g 2 times a day),or a comparable placebo(maltodextrin) at the same dosage.The content of each sachet was dissolved in approximately 125 mL of fluid and was consumed twice daily for 4 wk.RESULTS:Of the 89 eligible children,84(94%) completed the study."No pain" and "treatment success"(defined as no pain or a decrease ≥ 2/6 points on the FACES Pain Scale Revised) were similar in the GNN(n = 41) and placebo(n = 43) groups [no pain(12/41 vs 6/43,respectively;RR = 2.1,95%CI:0.87-5.07) as well as treatment success(23/41 vs 20/43;RR = 1.2,95%CI:0.79-1.83)].No significant differences between the groups were observed in the secondary outcomes,such as abdominal cramps,abdominal bloating/gassiness,episodes of nausea or vomiting,or a changed in stool consistency.GNN demonstrated no significant influence on the number of children requiring rescue therapy,school absenteeism,or daily activities.CONCLUSION:In our setting,GNN,as dosed in this study,was no more effective than the placebo in achieving therapeutic success in the management of FGIDs in children.

Influence of Metabolic Syndrome versus Musculoskeletal Disorders on Saudi Health-Related Quality of Life

Aim: This work aimed to study the influence of two chronic health conditions, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), on the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Saudis. Method: The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) health status questionnaire was used to measure the HRQoL and compare the mean scores of the questionnaire subscales and physical and mental component summaries (PCS and MCS) of 33 patients with MetS, 18 patients with MSDs, and 30 apparently healthy (AH) subjects. Regression analysis was used to measure the prediction power of the study group, age and gender of the participants in estimating the HRQoL. Results: Results showed that the mean scores of the physical subscales, the PCS, the mental subscales and MCS were arranged in descending order from AH subjects, patients with MetS, to patients with MSDs. The mean scores difference among the 3 study groups were statistically significant with the only exception for the general mental health (GMH) subscale (P = 0.404). The study group and age accounted for 41.8% of the variability of PCS while the study group accounted for 19.6% of the variability in the MCS. The resulted equation to estimate the PCS score was as follows: PCS = 113.18 - 12.85 (Group: 0 for AH, 1 for MetS, and 2 for MSDs) - 0.67 age. On the other hand the resulted equation to estimate the MCS score was as follows: MCS = 76.203 - 10.426 (Group: 0 for AH, 1 for MetS, and 2 for MSDs). Conclusion: Patients with MetS and patients with MSDs had lower HRQoL than AH subjects. All the physical and mental dimensions of HRQoL are negatively influenced with MetS and with MSDs with the only exception for the GMH subscale. The physical and mental burden of MSDs is more dominant. The study group and age can be used to predict the PCS while the study group can be used to predict the MCS.

Vertebro-basilar ischemic attacks and sleep-related breathing disorders

Objective To study the relationship between vertebro basilar ischemic attacks (VBI) and sleep related breathing disorders (SRBD). Methods Polysomnographic examinations were performed on 45 VBI patients. The incidence and characteristics of SRBD, and its relationship with various clinical factors were analyzed. Results Eighteen cases (40%) were complicated with SRBD, among which 2/3 was obstructive and 1/3 was central types. They were correlated with obesity and prone to be suffered with cardiovascular disorders.Conclusions Brain stem dysfunction caused by long term repeated ischemias probably is the pathogenesis of SRBD, especially it’s central type, in VBI. The arrhythmia and hypertension secondary to SRBD may aggravate VBI. VBI and SRBD may be reciprocal and form a vicious circle which should draw attention in the prevention and treatment of SRBD in VBI.

《2024年美国胃肠病学会临床指南:酒精相关性肝病》摘译

美国胃肠病学会于2024年1月在American Journal of Gastroenterology发表了酒精相关性肝病(ALD)的临床指南。该指南对ALD和酒精使用障碍的流行病学及疾病负担、ALD危险因素、酒精使用障碍的诊断与治疗、ALD疾病谱、ALD处理及公共政策与预防等方面进行了详细地阐述。本文对其推荐意见和关键概念/陈述进行摘译。

T/WSJD 14.9—2024《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学预防指南第9部分公交车驾驶作业》解读

公交车驾驶员作为城市公共交通系统的重要职业群体,其长时间体位固定、动作重复性高等作业特点极易引发工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)。团体标准T/WSJD 14.9—2024《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学预防指南第9部分公交车驾驶作业》是为预防公交车驾驶员WMSDs而出台的推荐性标准。该标准以国内外研究现状的总结、工作场所现场调查与问卷、数据分析及因素识别等前期工作为基础进行编制,以T/WSJD 14.1—2020《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学预防原则第一部分:通用要求》为指引,界定了标准的适用范围,识别整理了相关危险因素和潜在受累部位,并以干预措施示例的形式提出了工效学解决方案。本指南以团体标准的形式出台,将更利于干预措施的推广使用。

P300与慢性意识障碍患者经颅直流电刺激响应的相关性研究

目的:利用两组加工深度递增式变化的事件相关电位(ERP)Oddball范式探讨经颅直流电刺激(t DCS)响应慢性意识障碍患者的电生理学特征。方法:研究纳入17例无反应觉醒综合征(UWS)和30例微意识状态(MCS)患者,对其进行两组加工深度递增式变化范式的ERP检查,后在连续10个工作日内接受20次左侧前额叶背外侧(DLPFC)区域t DCS治疗,根据改良昏迷恢复量表(CRS-R)评估结果分为响应者和非响应者,分析干预响应者一般情况特征及电生理学特征。结果:在UWS患者中,性别、年龄、病程、接受手术情况、CRS-R评分、P300出现情况均与t DCS响应性无关(P>0.05);而在MCS患者中,CRS-R评分(P=0.015)和反名-正名(DO)范式中P300出现情况(P=0.005)与tDCS响应性相关,而性别、年龄、病程、接受手术情况、纯音—正名(TO)范式中P300出现情况与响应性无关(P>0.05)。结论:更高的CRS-R评分和分层听觉ERP范式中P300的存在,特别是DO范式中的P300成分与MCS患者的tDCS响应性有关,推测是由于DO范式中P300成分代表患者残存的语义加工处理能力,因此具有优先恢复的能力。

眠安方对抑郁症睡眠障碍大鼠血清IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α及海马组织BDNF蛋白表达的影响

目的观察眠安方对抑郁症睡眠障碍大鼠血清白细胞介素-6(Interleukin-6,IL-6)、白介素-1β(Interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(Tumor necrosis factor alpha,TNF-α)及海马脑源性神经营养因子(Brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)蛋白表达的影响。方法将清洁级雌性大鼠48只按随机数字表法分为模型组、眠安方组、黛力新组、空白组,每组各12只。除空白组外,其他组采用孤养结合慢性温和不可预知应激加快速动眼相睡眠剥夺方法,建立大鼠抑郁症睡眠障碍(Sleep deprivation depression,SDD)模型。采用体质量观察、糖水偏爱实验、旷场实验检测各组大鼠行为学变化指标。酶联免疫吸附测定法(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)测定各组大鼠血清IL-6、IL-1β及TNF-α的含量;蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot,WB)法检测大鼠海马BDNF蛋白表达。结果行为学测定:造模前各组大鼠体质量、糖水偏爱率、旷场实验得分均无差异(P>0.05);造模及给药后,与空白组比较,模型组、眠安方组、黛力新组大鼠体质量、糖水偏爱率、旷场实验得分均明显下降(P<0.05);与模型组比较,眠安方组、黛力新组大鼠体质量、糖水偏爱率、旷场实验得分均升高(P<0.05)。ELISA法检测结果:大鼠血清IL-6、IL-1β及TNF-α含量与空白组比较,模型组显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,眠安方组、黛力新组均显著降低(P<0.01);与眠安方组比较,黛力新组大鼠血清IL-6、IL-1β的含量组间无差异、TNF-α的含量降低(P<0.05)。WB法检测结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠海马BDNF蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,眠安方组、黛力新组海马BDNF蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05);与眠安方组比较,黛力新组大鼠海马BDNF蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。结论眠安方可改善SDD模型大鼠的抑郁行为和睡眠障碍,其作用机制可能与降低血清IL-6、IL-1β及TNF-α的含量,上调海马组织BDNF蛋白的含量有关。