Obejctive To assess the genotoxic effects of X ray radiation on human populations Methods The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test were applied as biological dosimete...Obejctive To assess the genotoxic effects of X ray radiation on human populations Methods The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test were applied as biological dosimeters to detect DNA damage and abnormalities in human peripheral lymphocytes of subpopulation exposed to X ray radiation The subjects were divided into four groups: 12 radiation patients; 13 intervention radiation therapy doctors; 32 radiation diagnostians; 28 controls Results The average comet lengths of the four groups were 128 17±4 49?μm, 88 09±5 39?μm, 72 68±2 57?μm and 32 87±0 57?μm, respectively The difference in average comet length between any two groups was highly significant ( P <0 01) The average micronucleated cell (MNC) rates (‰) of the four groups were 12 33±0 85, 9 75±1 02, 8 48±0 66 and 3 18±0 36, respectively The difference of MNC rates of Group 1 vs 3, 1 vs 4, 2 vs 4 and 3 vs 4 was highly significant ( P <0 01), and the difference of Group 1 vs 2 was significant ( P <0 05), but there was no difference of MNC rate in Group 2 vs 3 ( P >0 05) Conclusions This study showed that both the comet assay and the CBMN test could be used to monitor populations exposed to X ray radiation, but the comet assay seems to be more sensitive than the CBMN展开更多
As many chemicals with genotoxic potential are emitted to surface water, genotoxicity tests are gaining importance which led to the development of several techniques to detect directly DNA damage. The relevance of det...As many chemicals with genotoxic potential are emitted to surface water, genotoxicity tests are gaining importance which led to the development of several techniques to detect directly DNA damage. The relevance of detecting the genotoxic risks associated with water pollution was firstly perceived in the late 1970s. Since that time several tests have been developed for evaluating DNA alterations in aquatic animals. These tests rely on the premise that any changes to DNA may have long-lasting and profound consequences. Sister chromatid test, chromosome aberrations, comet assay, and micronucleus test are currently the most widely employed methods to detect DNA lesions in ecotoxicology. Chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchanges are time consuming, resource intensive and require proliferating cell population. Hence, Comet assay and Micronucleus test as cost effective and more sensitive test systems have now been introduced for assessing the genotoxicity of chemicals. This review presents a synthesis of the state of the art in the methodologies of comet assay and micronucleus test and their contributions in aquatic environmental research. The text explores the latest knowledge and thinking on these very important approaches for the assessment of environmental health, management, and conservation. The primary concern of the present review is the measurement of genotoxic potential in aquatic organisms under field and laboratory conditions, where effects of chemicals at different levels of biological organization can be examined.展开更多
Objective:To assess the genotoxic potential of selected aquatic macrophytes:Ceratophyllum demersum L.(hornwort,family Ceratophyllaceae),Typha angustifolia L.(narrowleaf cattail,family Typhaceae),Stratiotes aloides L.(...Objective:To assess the genotoxic potential of selected aquatic macrophytes:Ceratophyllum demersum L.(hornwort,family Ceratophyllaceae),Typha angustifolia L.(narrowleaf cattail,family Typhaceae),Stratiotes aloides L.(water soldier,family Butomaceae),and Oenanthe aquatica(L.)Poir.(water dropwort,family Umbelliferae).Methods:For genotoxicity assessment,the mussel micronucleus test was applied.Micronucleus frequency was determined from the haemolymph of Unio pictorum L.(painter’s mussel).In parallel,total and hydrolisable tannin contents were determined.Results:All plant extracts elucidated significant mutagenic effect.Significant correlation was determined between tannin content and mutagenic capacity.Conclusions:The significant correlation between genotoxicity as expressed by micronucleus frequency and tannin content(both total and hydrolisable tannins)indicate that tannin is amongst the main compounds being responsible for the genotoxic potential.It might be suggested that genotoxic capacity of these plants elucidate a real ecological effect in the ecosystem.展开更多
基金ThisresearchwassupportedbytheNaturalScienceFoundationofZhejiangProvince China (No 396 490 )
文摘Obejctive To assess the genotoxic effects of X ray radiation on human populations Methods The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and cytokinesis blocked micronucleus (CBMN) test were applied as biological dosimeters to detect DNA damage and abnormalities in human peripheral lymphocytes of subpopulation exposed to X ray radiation The subjects were divided into four groups: 12 radiation patients; 13 intervention radiation therapy doctors; 32 radiation diagnostians; 28 controls Results The average comet lengths of the four groups were 128 17±4 49?μm, 88 09±5 39?μm, 72 68±2 57?μm and 32 87±0 57?μm, respectively The difference in average comet length between any two groups was highly significant ( P <0 01) The average micronucleated cell (MNC) rates (‰) of the four groups were 12 33±0 85, 9 75±1 02, 8 48±0 66 and 3 18±0 36, respectively The difference of MNC rates of Group 1 vs 3, 1 vs 4, 2 vs 4 and 3 vs 4 was highly significant ( P <0 01), and the difference of Group 1 vs 2 was significant ( P <0 05), but there was no difference of MNC rate in Group 2 vs 3 ( P >0 05) Conclusions This study showed that both the comet assay and the CBMN test could be used to monitor populations exposed to X ray radiation, but the comet assay seems to be more sensitive than the CBMN
文摘As many chemicals with genotoxic potential are emitted to surface water, genotoxicity tests are gaining importance which led to the development of several techniques to detect directly DNA damage. The relevance of detecting the genotoxic risks associated with water pollution was firstly perceived in the late 1970s. Since that time several tests have been developed for evaluating DNA alterations in aquatic animals. These tests rely on the premise that any changes to DNA may have long-lasting and profound consequences. Sister chromatid test, chromosome aberrations, comet assay, and micronucleus test are currently the most widely employed methods to detect DNA lesions in ecotoxicology. Chromosomal aberration and sister chromatid exchanges are time consuming, resource intensive and require proliferating cell population. Hence, Comet assay and Micronucleus test as cost effective and more sensitive test systems have now been introduced for assessing the genotoxicity of chemicals. This review presents a synthesis of the state of the art in the methodologies of comet assay and micronucleus test and their contributions in aquatic environmental research. The text explores the latest knowledge and thinking on these very important approaches for the assessment of environmental health, management, and conservation. The primary concern of the present review is the measurement of genotoxic potential in aquatic organisms under field and laboratory conditions, where effects of chemicals at different levels of biological organization can be examined.
基金Supported by Hungarian State and European Union(Grant No.TÁMOP-4.2.2.B-15/1/KONV-2015-0004).
文摘Objective:To assess the genotoxic potential of selected aquatic macrophytes:Ceratophyllum demersum L.(hornwort,family Ceratophyllaceae),Typha angustifolia L.(narrowleaf cattail,family Typhaceae),Stratiotes aloides L.(water soldier,family Butomaceae),and Oenanthe aquatica(L.)Poir.(water dropwort,family Umbelliferae).Methods:For genotoxicity assessment,the mussel micronucleus test was applied.Micronucleus frequency was determined from the haemolymph of Unio pictorum L.(painter’s mussel).In parallel,total and hydrolisable tannin contents were determined.Results:All plant extracts elucidated significant mutagenic effect.Significant correlation was determined between tannin content and mutagenic capacity.Conclusions:The significant correlation between genotoxicity as expressed by micronucleus frequency and tannin content(both total and hydrolisable tannins)indicate that tannin is amongst the main compounds being responsible for the genotoxic potential.It might be suggested that genotoxic capacity of these plants elucidate a real ecological effect in the ecosystem.
