Diagnostic value of methylated branched chain amino acid transaminase 1/IKAROS family zinc finger 1 for colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND The diagnostic value of combined methylated branched chain amino acid transaminase 1(BCAT1)/IKAROS family zinc finger 1(IKZF1)in plasma for colorectal cancer(CRC)has been explored since 2015.Recently,several related studies have published their results and showed its diagnostic efficacy.AIM To analyze the diagnostic value of methylated BCAT1/IKZF1 in plasma for screening and postoperative follow-up of CRC.METHODS The candidate studies were identified by searching the PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,and Wanfang databases from May 31,2003 to June 1,2023.Sensitivity,specificity,and diagnostic accuracy were calculated by merging ratios or means.RESULTS Twelve eligible studies were included in the analysis,involving 6561 participants.The sensitivity of methylated BCAT1/IKZF1 in plasma for CRC diagnosis was 60%[95%confidence interval(CI)53-67]and specificity was 92%(95%CI:90-94).The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 8.0(95%CI:5.8-11.0)and 0.43(95%CI:0.36-0.52),respectively.Diagnostic odds ratio was 19(95%CI:11-30)and area under the curve was 0.88(95%CI:0.85-0.91).The sensitivity and specificity for CRC screening were 64%(95%CI:59-69)and 92%(95%CI:91-93),respectively.The sensitivity and specificity for recurrence detection during follow-up were 54%CONCLUSION The detection of methylated BCAT1/IKZF1 in plasma,as a non-invasive detection method of circulating tumor DNA,has potential CRC diagnosis,but the clinical application prospect needs to be further explored.

A dose-up of ursodeoxycholic acid decreases transaminases in hepatitis C patients

AIM:To examine whether a dose-up to 900 mg of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA) decreases transaminases in hepatitis C patients.METHODS:From January to December 2007,patients with chronic hepatitis C or compensated liver cirrhosis with hepatitis C virus(HCV)(43-80 years old) showing positive serum HCV-RNA who had already taken 600 mg/d of UDCA were recruited into this study.Blood parameters were examined at 4,8 and 24 wk after increasing the dose of oral UDCA from 600 to 900 mg/d.RESULTS:Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT) levels were signifi cantly decreased following the administration of 900 mg/d as compared to 600 mg/d.The decrease in ALT from immediately before the dose-up of UDCA to 8 wk after the dose-up was 14.3 IU/L,while that for AST was 10.5 IU/L and for GGT was 9.8 IU/L.Platelet count tended to increase after the dose-up of UDCA,although it did not show a statistically signifi cant level(P=0.05).Minor adverse events were observed in 3 cases,although no drop-outs from the study occurred.CONCLUSION:Oral administration of 900 mg/d of UDCA was more effective than 600 mg/d for reducing ALT,AST,and GGT levels in patients with HCV-related chronic liver disease.

Promising role of D-amino acids in irritable bowel syndrome

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is an important health care concern.Alterations in the microbiota of the gut-brain axis may be linked to the pathophysiology of IBS.Some dietary intake could contribute to produce various metabolites including Damino acids by the fermentation by the gut microbiota.D-amino acids are the enantiomeric counterparts of L-amino acids,in general,which could play key roles in cellular physiological processes against various oxidative stresses.Therefore,the presence of D-amino acids has been shown to be linked to the protection of several organs in the body.In particular,the gut microbiota could play significant roles in the stability of emotion via the action of D-amino acids.Here,we would like to shed light on the roles of D-amino acids,which could be used for the treatment of IBS.

Metal-organic framework hybrid materials of ZIF-8/RGO for immobilization of D-amino acid dehydrogenase

Immobilization of D-amino acid dehydrogenase(DAADH)by the assembly of peptide linker was studied for the biosynthesis of Dphenylalanine.Hybrid material of zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8)combined with reduced graphene oxide(RGO)was applied for the immobilization of DAADH from Ureibacillus thermosphaericus.The recovery rate of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO was 165.6%.DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO remained 53.4%of its initial activity at 50°C for 10 h while the free enzyme was inactivated.DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO maintained 70.5%activity in hyperalkaline solution with pH 12.Kinetic parameters indicated that DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO had greater affinity of phenylpyruvate as V_(max)/K_(m)of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO was 1.27-fold than free enzyme.After seven recycles,the activity of DAADH/ZIF-8/RGO remained 64.3%.Furthermore,one-step separation and in situ immobilization of DAADH by ZIF-8/RGO/Ni was carried out with 1.5-fold activity enhancement.Combining peptide linker and metal-organic framework(MOF)immobilization,thermostability and activity of the immobilized DAADH were significantly improved.

扶正固本汤对胆总管结石术后患者胆汁生化指标及肝功能的影响

目的:观察扶正固本汤对胆总管结石术后患者肝功能及胆汁生化指标的影响。方法:选取2019年9月至2023年9月行胆总管探查取石术的患者134例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各67例。对照组术后给予常规治疗,观察组则给予扶正固本汤治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、不良反应发生率及治疗前后中医证候积分、肝功能指标[谷丙转氨酶(alanine transaminase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartateaminotransferase,AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(γ-GT)]、胆汁生化指标[总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL)、总胆汁酸(total bile acid,TBA)]。结果:两组患者发热、腹痛、黄疸等中医证候积分低于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组有效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后AST、ALT以及γ-GT低于本组治疗前,且治疗后观察组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后TBA高于本组治疗前,TBIL低于本组治疗前,且治疗后组间比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:扶正固本汤运用于胆总管结石手术后,能明显提高临床疗效,改善患者肝功能及胆汁生化指标,降低不良反应。

BCAT1作为胰腺导管腺癌潜在诊断标志物的临床应用价值研究

目的 本研究拟验证前期研究发现的bcat1基因表达产物支链氨基酸转氨酶1(BCAT1)作为胰腺导管腺癌潜在血清学诊断标志物的临床应用价值。方法 收集临床PDAC患者血清样本作为实验组,收集胃癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、慢性胰腺炎患者及健康人群血清样本作为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测血清样本BCAT1浓度,验证其作为标志物的临床诊断价值。结果 ELISA结果显示PDAC组患者血清BCAT1浓度显著高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,U=1 206)。PDAC组患者血清BCAT1浓度高于慢性胰腺炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,H=33.80);与其他消化道肿瘤相比,高于肝癌组和结直肠癌组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,H=33.80),与胃癌组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,H=33.80)。BCAT1与CA19-9的相关性较好,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,R^(2)=0.080 52),与CEA(R^(2)=2.265e-005)、CA125(R^(2)=0.025 88)和CA72-4(R^(2)=0.007 7)相关性较低,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);BCAT1诊断PDAC的AUC优于CA72-4,与CA125和CEA相当,劣于CA19-9;BCAT1 cut off值为1.556ng/mL,敏感度为64.1%,特异度为80%。BCAT1在PDAC早中期患者血清浓度中位数为0.283 ng/mL,晚期患者升高为0.482 ng/mL,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,U=1029);在肿瘤≥40 mm(U=641)、中低分化(U=435)、胰头部位(H=2.767)均表现为表达水平升高,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。动态观测的BCAT1浓度在第0天和1~30天(U=44)、31~60天和61~90天(U=36)浓度差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 BCAT1作为潜在的血清学标志物,对于PDAC的鉴别诊断、肿瘤分期、疾病进展判断具有参考价值,是目前现有的PDAC血清标志物的有益补充。

BCAT1抑制剂BAY-069的合成工艺优化

BAY-069是目前体外活性最强的支链氨基酸转氨酶1(BCAT1)抑制剂,但其报道的合成路线存在原料成本较高、总收率极低和中间体结构表征不充分等缺点。本研究基于已有合成路线,重点对其合成工艺中的Ullmann偶联反应进行了系统优化。以1-硝基萘(1)为起始原料,经过7步反应和手性色谱柱手性拆分合成目标化合物BAY-069。所有中间体和目标化合物均经1 H NMR,13 C NMR和HR-MS表征。以Ullmann偶联反应为主要优化步骤的路线,其优化后的总收率为11.0%(3b→(±)-BAY-069),是原总收率1.6%(3a→(±)-BAY-069)的6.9倍。

参芎葡萄糖治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺源性心脏病的临床效果

目的探讨参芎葡萄糖治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)合并肺源性心脏病(PHD)的临床效果。方法选取2022年1月—2024年1月收治的228例COPD合并PHD,采用随机数字表法随机将其分为观察组和对照组2组各114例。观察组给予参芎葡萄糖联合常规治疗,对照组给予常规治疗。比较2组血常规指标(红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血小板计数)、凝血指标[D-二聚体(D-D)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)]、肝肾功能[血尿素(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、总蛋白(TP)]、血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))]、心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、N末端B型脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)、急性生理学及慢性健康状况评估系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分,并统计入院28 d病死情况、治疗期间不良反应。结果治疗后,2组红细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞比容、血小板计数、D-D、FIB、PaCO_(2)、H-FABP、cTnI、NT-proBNP、PASP、APACHEⅡ低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组;2组PT、APTT、PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)高于治疗前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01)。治疗前后,2组组间和组内BUN、Scr、AST、ALT、TP比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。观察组入院28 d病死率和治疗期间不良反应发生率(7.02%,8/114;7.89%,9/114)与对照组(10.53%,12/114;5.26%,6/114)比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论参芎葡萄糖可改善COPD合并PHD患者血常规、凝血指标及血气指标,并降低H-FABP、cTnI、NT-proBNP水平,进而减轻心肌损伤程度,缓解患者病情。

Occurrence of D-amino acids in natural products

Since the identified standard genetic code contains 61 triplet codons of three bases for the 20 L-proteinogenic amino acids(AAs),no D-AA should be found in natural products.This is not what is observed in the living world.D-AAs are found in numerous natural compounds produced by bacteria,algae,fungi,or marine animals,and even vertebrates.A review of the literature indicated the existence of at least 132 peptide natural compounds in which D-AAs are an essential part of their structure.All compounds are listed,numbered and described herein.The two biosynthetic routes leading to the presence of D-AA in natural products are:non-ribosomal peptide synthesis(NRPS),and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide(RiPP)synthesis which are described.The methods used to identify the AA chirality within naturally occurring peptides are briefly discussed.The biological activity of an all-L synthetic peptide is most often completely different from that of the D-containing natural compounds.Analyzing the selected natural compounds showed that D-Ala,D-Val,D-Leu and D-Ser are the most commonly encountered D-AAs closely followed by the non-proteinogenic D-allo-Thr.D-Lys and D-Met were the least prevalent D-AAs in natu-rally occurring compounds.

甘油三酯与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值联合谷丙转氨酶和尿酸对代谢相关脂肪性肝病的预测价值

目的 研究甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值(TG/HDL-C)联合谷丙转氨酶(GPT)和尿酸(UA)对代谢相关脂肪性肝病(MAFLD)的预测价值。方法 选择2021年9—10月于新乡医学院第三附属医院体检中心被诊断为MAFLD的430例患者作为疾病组,选择同期582例健康体检人群作为对照组。比较两组临床资料及实验数据。通过单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析MAFLD的危险因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析TG/HDL-C联合GPT和UA对MAFLD的预测价值。结果 MAFLD患者的TG/HDL-C高于对照组(P<0.05)。经过单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析,TG/HDL-C是MAFLD的独立危险因素。ROC曲线分析显示,TG/HDL-C诊断MAFLD的曲线下面积(AUC)、敏感度和特异度高于其他实验室指标的诊断效能。TG/HDL-C联合GPT和UA诊断MAFLD的AUC、敏感度和特异度高于各实验室指标的单独诊断效能。结论 TG/HDL-C是MAFLD的独立危险因素,TG/HDL-C联合GPT和UA对MAFLD的预测价值更好。

苹果酸-天冬氨酸代谢对水稻镉吸收转运特性的影响

为了探讨苹果酸-天冬氨酸代谢在水稻镉吸收转运过程中的作用,本研究采用根系添加和叶面喷施两种手段,在镉胁迫环境中外源施加不同浓度的苹果酸,对水稻各器官镉分布特征以及天冬氨酸和谷氨酸含量的变化进行分析。结果表明:添加0.5~1.5 mmol·L^(-1)的苹果酸能显著抑制镉在水稻幼苗根系及地上部的积累,与不添加苹果酸处理相比,根系和地上部细胞液组分中的镉含量分别下降23.8%~39.6%和29.5%~39.7%。同时,水稻根系及地上部谷胱甘肽、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸含量显著增加,而植物螯合肽(PC2、PC3和PC4)的含量显著下降。水稻开花期叶面喷施5.0 mmol·L^(-1)的苹果酸3次后,灌浆期间发育籽粒中苹果酸脱氢酶和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶的活性分别提高63.0%~96.8%和14.6%~22.6%,营养器官和稻米中的天冬氨酸和谷氨酸含量显著增加,镉从茎基部向顶部营养器官以及稻米转运的效率大幅度下降,致使稻米镉含量下降37.5%~55.4%。研究表明,促进细胞内苹果酸向天冬氨酸以及谷氨酸的转化能有效抑制水稻植株对镉的吸收转运,显著降低顶部营养器官和稻米中镉的含量。

支链氨基酸转移酶1在肿瘤发生与进展中的作用机制

支链氨基酸转移酶1(branched-chain amino acid transaminase 1,BCAT1)催化支链氨基酸(branched-chain amino acids,BCAA)和支链酮酸(branched-chain keto acids,BCKA)之间的转换反应,在维持二者稳态中发挥重要作用。近年来人们发现,BCAT1在多种恶性肿瘤中高表达,且与癌症的分期和预后关系密切,进一步研究证实,BCAT1能促进癌细胞的增殖、侵袭和转移,并揭示BCAT1在癌症发生发展中的部分作用机制:(1)不同肿瘤中BCAT1催化转氨基反应的方向不同,BCAT1既可催化BCAA分解为BCKA,也可催化BCKA合成BCAA,这两个方向都可能促进癌症的发生和发展;(2)BCAT1既能直接影响肿瘤细胞代谢来发挥相关作用,也能通过影响肿瘤微环境而产生促癌效应。总体而言,BCAT1通过催化BCAA的分解与合成反应,影响物质代谢、能量合成、信号通路、肿瘤免疫、表观遗传学和细胞周期等方面,进而促进癌症的发生与进展。本文就国内外BCAT1和BCAA的研究进展,聚焦BCAT1在肿瘤发生发展中的作用机制做一综述,为进一步探讨BCAT1在恶性肿瘤研究中的应用前景提供理论依据。

Effects of Purified Indian Cattle Tick Rhipicephalus microplus Saliva Toxins on Various Enzymes in Blood Serum, Liver and Muscles of Albino Mice

In the present investigation, in vivo effects of purified ticks’ saliva toxin were evaluated on the level of certain important cellular metabolic enzymes i.e. acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase. For this purpose, sub-lethal doses, 40% and 80% of 24 h LD50 purified saliva toxins of Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini, 1888) were injected subcutaneously in the albino mice. In treated mice saliva toxins targeted membrane-bound enzymes i.e. serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, its level was increased from 118.30% to 163.63% at the 6th hr in comparison to the control. Besides this, the levels of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) also increased up to 161.11% (at 6th hr), 148.27 (at 8th hr) and 125.45% (at 6th hr) respectively in comparison to control. An increase in the level of LDH showed insufficient oxygen supply, massive disintegration of cells and leakage of the enzyme into the circulation. It clearly indicated the toxic effects of saliva toxins on the membrane of blood cells, hepatocytes and myocardial muscle cell functions in albino mice. On the other hand activity of acetyl cholinesterase was reduced by 65.51% at the 6th hr of the saliva toxin injection in comparison to the control. This inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase activity caused the accumulation of acetylcholine molecules at the synaptic junctions and led to prolonged activation of acetylcholine receptors. It caused permanent stimulation of nerves and muscle cells that may result in muscular paralysis and finally death of the animal.

Effect of Purified Paper Wasp Ropalidia marginata Venom Toxin Enzyme Activity in Blood Serum, Liver, and Gastrocnemius Muscle of Albino Mice

In the present, investigation effects of sub-lethal dose of purified paper wasp Ropalidia marginata venom toxins were evaluated on important metabolic enzymes i.e. ALP ACP, GPT, GOT, LDH, and AchE enzyme activity in serum, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles of albino mice. Alkaline phosphatase was found to be increased up to 119.9% at the 6th hr of the toxin injection in comparison to control. This elevation may be due to cytolysis. Maximum increase i.e., 153.33% level of glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) was found at 6 hrs of 40% of 24-h LD50 treatment while it was found to be 151.1% at 6 hrs of 24 hr 80% of LD50, venom injection. A significant elevation was observed in LDH activity in serum, liver, and muscles, while the activity of AchE was decreased in serum, liver, and gastrocnemius muscles of albino mice after injecting the sub-lethal dose of Ropalidia marginata venom. This increase in the activity of LDH produces liver damage, massive disintegration and necrosis of hepatic cells. This elevation in LDH level led to a significant increase in the glucose catabolism and elevated oxidative stress in muscle and liver cells. It also displays insufficient oxygen supply and consequently leads to cell death. In experimental animals, venom toxin treatment decreased AchE level, and animals showed muscular paralysis. When mice were treated with 40% and 80% of 24-h LD50 of purified venom caused a significant (p < 0.05) elevation in the level of ACP, GOT, GPT, and LDH while the reduction in ALP and AChE level. Present study will be useful in the development of prototypes for study of pharmacological and therapeutic effects of various venom toxins. For this purpose structure activity relationship of enzyme and venom toxin, its due interaction to various metabolic enzymes and receptors must be explored.

变黄期不同温湿度对烘烤中烟叶蛋白质降解及酶活性的影响

为合理调控烟叶蛋白质含量、提高烟叶质量,研究不同温湿度对烟叶蛋白质降解和蛋白酶、内肽酶、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性的变化规律。结果表明,密集烘烤过程中,变黄期不同温湿度下烟叶水分、蛋白质、氨基酸及其相关酶活性的变化规律基本一致;水分和蛋白质含量呈下降趋势,氨基酸含量一直增加,蛋白酶和内肽酶活性呈先升高后降低而后再升高的"双峰曲线"变化;谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性在烘烤开始时有小幅度增加,并出现一个小的峰值,然后呈下降趋势,从60 h起急剧升高并达到最大值;且内肽酶活性与可溶性蛋白质相关性显著,和游离氨基酸相关性极显著;谷丙转氨酶只和游离氨基酸相关性显著。密集烘烤低温中湿变黄处理烟叶中性蛋白酶、内肽酶、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性高且作用时间较长,有利于烟叶内蛋白质的降解和氨基酸的合理转化。

芒果苷对氧嗪酸钾所致慢性高尿酸血症大鼠尿酸及肝肾功能的影响

目的研究芒果苷对氧嗪酸钾所致慢性高尿酸血症大鼠尿酸及肝肾功能的影响。方法连续灌胃给予SD大鼠氧嗪酸钾(2.5 g·kg-1体重)复制慢性高尿酸血症大鼠模型。以苯溴马隆和别嘌醇为阳性对照,研究芒果苷灌胃给药5周对高尿酸血症大鼠血尿酸(uric acid,UA)、肌酐(creatinine,Cr)、尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)等水平的影响。结果芒果苷(1.55和3.13 mg·kg-1)灌胃给药能剂量依赖性地降低氧嗪酸钾所致的慢性高尿酸血症大鼠的血清尿酸水平,其效价弱于别嘌醇,但不亚于苯溴马隆;对肌酐、尿素氮和尿量的影响不明显,对血清AST、GGT水平亦无明显影响,但可改善慢性高尿酸血症大鼠的血清ALT水平。结论芒果苷可降低氧嗪酸钾所致慢性高尿酸血症大鼠的尿酸水平,对肝肾功能无明显影响。

不同栽培法对食用稻子粒氨基酸含量的影响及其机理初探

水稻属于低蛋白作物,稻米的蛋白质含量与氨基酸组成受遗传基因的控制,但环境条件与栽培措施的影响也不容忽视。采用田间小区试验和室内分析相结合的方法,以湘早籼31(早稻)和培两优210(晚稻)组合为材料,探讨了水稻高蛋白高产栽培技术体系、三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法对稻米氨基酸含量的影响及其作用机理。结果表明,与常规栽培法相比,水稻高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系能明显提高灌浆中后期水稻功能叶和子粒中谷草转氨酶和天冬氨酸激酶的活性,明显提高糙米氨基酸、人体7种必需氨基酸和蛋白质含量、产量和蛋白质产量;除早稻蛋白质产量外,其他指标与三壮三高栽培法之间差异不显著。水稻高蛋白高产栽培技术体系的早稻糙米的氨基酸含量比三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法分别提高了4.09%和31.92%,人体7种必需氨基酸的含量分别提高了2.99%和33.06%,赖氨酸(稻米蛋白质的限制性氨基酸,猪的第一限制性氨基酸)的含量分别提高了1.95%1、8.55%,苏氨酸(稻米蛋白质的限制性氨基酸)的含量分别提高了6.54%和31.98%,蛋白氮含量分别提高了6.76%和27.57%,蛋白质产量分别提高了15.72%和38.64%;高蛋白高产栽培技术体系中晚稻糙米的氨基酸含量比三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法分别提高了2.24%和42.98%,人体7种必需氨基酸的总量分别提高了9.20%和58.05%,蛋白氮含量分别提高了1.74%和26.06%,蛋白质产量分别提高了2.80%和59.42%。

无菌条件下小麦氨基酸态氮及铵态氮营养效应研究

对铵态氮 (硫酸铵 )、氨基酸态氮 (甘氨酸 ,谷氨酸及赖氨酸 )和缺氮无菌砂培条件下小麦单株干物重、全氮量及根、叶谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶活性作了研究 .结果表明 ,铵态氮和氨基酸态氮均可被小麦吸收 ,且吸收量相当 .培养 3 0d后 ,甘氨酸和谷氨酸处理的小麦干物重显著高于缺氮及铵态氮处理 ,而铵态氮、赖氨酸及缺氮处理的干物重相近 .低浓度铵态氮 (0 .7mmol·L-1)培养 15d的小麦仅根的GPT活性显著高于缺氮处理 ,而高浓度 (3 5 .7mmol·L-1)处理 6h对这两种转氨酶活性影响不大 .不同种类、不同浓度的氨基酸态氮培养 15d或处理 6h后 ,小麦植株根、叶的GOT或GPT活性变化趋势有较大差异 ,这反映出小麦外源氨基酸主要同化部位及同化量 。

高原脱适应人群肝肾功能监测及结果分析

目的了解移居高原低氧环境人群返回平原后肝肾功能的变化,探讨高原脱适应对健康人肝肾功能的影响。方法选择初次进入高原地区驻训7个月的健康官兵作为观察对象,分别于驻训结束后返回平原当日及1个月后进行尿常规分析和血清肝肾功能检测,比较两个时间点的结果差异。结果受检者脱适应当日,尿常规分析和血清肝肾功能均出现异常,其中以总胆红素增高(44.19%)、尿微量清蛋白异常(32.10%)、尿酸增高(26.74%)最为常见;返回平原1个月后尿常规各项检测指标均得到明显改善,但是丙氨酸氨基转移酶和尿酸反而出现升高(P<0.05)。结论高原低氧环境对健康人的肝肾功能有一定损伤,返回平原后部分个体不能自行恢复,其脱适应过程中需要一定的药物干预。

不同栽培法对高蛋白饲料稻籽粒氨基酸含量的影响

通过田间小区试验分析探讨了水稻高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系、三壮三高栽培法、常规栽培法对湘丰早119(早稻)和培两优288(晚稻)稻米蛋白质和氨基酸含量的影响。结果表明,与常规栽培法相比,水稻高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系能明显促进灌浆中后期水稻功能叶和籽粒中谷草转氨酶和天冬氨酸激酶的活性,明显提高糙米氨基酸、赖氨酸、苏氨酸、蛋氨酸、人体7种必需氨基酸、猪11种必需氨基酸、鸡14种必需氨基酸和蛋白质含量、产量和蛋白质产量;能促进水稻功能叶、籽粒中谷草转氨酶和天冬氨酸激酶活性和提高糙米蛋白质产量。研究说明,水稻高蛋白高产栽培综合技术体系能满足高蛋白饲料稻高产优质栽培的需要。