Preoperative high level of D-dimers predicts unresectability of pancreatic head cancer

AIM: To assess the value of D-dimer level in determining resectability of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Preoperative prediction of pancreatic head cancer resectability remains inaccurate. The use of hemostatic factors may be of potential help, since D-dimers correlate with tumor stage. Single center clinical trial study comprised patients with potentially resectable pancreatic head tumor and without detectable venous thrombosis(n = 64). Resectability was defined as no evidence of nodal involvement, distant spread and no invasion of mesenteric vessels. Final decision of resectability was confirmed intraoperatively. Experienced pancreatic surgeon performed all surgeries. Following the dissection of hepatoduodenal ligament, samples of portal blood and bile were taken. Peripheral blood via central line and urine via Foley catheter were sampled. D-dimer levels were further measured.RESULTS: At laparotomy only 29(45.3%) tumors were found to be resectable. Our analysis showed higher by 57.5%(P < 0.001) mean D-dimer values in peripheral and 43.7%(P = 0.035) in portal blood of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. Significant differences were not observed when analyzing D-dimer levels in bile and urine. Peripheral D-dimer level correlated with pancreatic cancer resectability. When cut-off D-dimer value of 570.6 μg/L was used, the sensitivity for assessment of tumor unresectability was 82.8%. Furthermore, D-dimer level in peripheral blood of metastatic disease(n = 15) was significantly higher when compared to locally advanced(n = 20) pancreatic cancer(2470 vs 1168, P = 0.029). The area under ROC curve for this subgroup of patients was 0.87; for determination of unresectable disease when threshold of 769.8 μg/L was used, sensitivity and specificity was 86.6% and 80%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Patients with resectable pancreatic head cancer based on preoperative imaging studies and high D-dimer level may be considered unresectable due to occult hepatic metastases. These patients may benefit from diagnostic laparoscopy to avoid exploratory laparotomy.

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective： To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection （AAD）. Methods： This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimers were measured by Sta-Liatest D-D1 immunoturbidimetric assay. Results： D-dimer level was higher （P 〈 0.001） in patients with AAD（7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml） than that in non- AAD group（1.57± 1.24 μg/ml）. D-dimer was positive （〉0.4 μg/ml） in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients （37%）. Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B （8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P 〈 0.01）. D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease（3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P 〈 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ）. Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion： D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.

Utility of plasma D-dimer for diagnosis of venous thromboembolism after hepatectomy

BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a potentially fatal complication of hepatectomy.The use of postoperative prophylactic anticoagulation in patients who have undergone hepatectomy is controversial because of the risk of postoperative bleeding.Therefore,we hypothesized that monitoring plasma D-dimer could be useful in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.AIM To evaluate the utility of monitoring plasma D-dimer levels in the early diagnosis of VTE after hepatectomy.METHODS The medical records of patients who underwent hepatectomy at our institution between January 2017 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into two groups according to whether or not they developed VTE after hepatectomy,as diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography and/or ultrasonography of the lower extremities.Clinicopathological factors,including demographic data and perioperative D-dimer values,were compared between the two groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to determine the D-dimer cutoff value.Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression analysis to identify significant predictors.RESULTS In total,234 patients who underwent hepatectomy were,of whom(5.6%)were diagnosed with VTE following hepatectomy.A comparison between the two groups showed significant differences in operative time(529 vs 403 min,P=0.0274)and blood loss(530 vs 138 mL,P=0.0067).The D-dimer levels on postoperative days(POD)1,3,5,7 were significantly higher in the VTE group than in the non-VTE group.In the multivariate analysis,intraoperative blood loss of>275 mL[odds ratio(OR)=5.32,95%confidence interval(CI):1.05-27.0,P=0.044]and plasma D-dimer levels on POD 5≥21μg/mL(OR=10.1,95%CI:2.04-50.1,P=0.0046)were independent risk factors for VTE after hepatectomy.CONCLUSION Monitoring of plasma D-dimer levels after hepatectomy is useful for early diagnosis of VTE and may avoid routine prophylactic anticoagulation in the postoperative period.

Impact of D-dimer on in-hospital mortality following aortic dissection:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND The utility of D-dimer(DD)as a biomarker for acute aortic dissection(AD)is recognized.Yet,its predictive value for in-hospital mortality remains uncertain and subject to conflicting evidence.AIM To conduct a meta-analysis of AD-related in-hospital mortality(ADIM)with elevated DD levels.METHODS We searched PubMed,Scopus,Embase,and Google Scholar for AD and ADIM literature through May 2022.Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics and effect size(hazard or odds ratio)analysis with random-effects models.Sample size,study type,and patients’mean age were used for subgroup analysis.The significance threshold was P<0.05.RESULTS Thirteen studies(3628 patients)were included in our study.The pooled prevalence of ADIM was 20%(95%CI:15%-25%).Despite comparable demographic characteristics and comorbidities,elevated DD values were associated with higher ADIM risk(unadjusted effect size:1.94,95%CI:1.34-2.8;adjusted effect size:1.12,95%CI:1.05-1.19,P<0.01).Studies involving patients with a mean age of<60 years exhibited an increased mortality risk(effect size:1.43,95%CI:1.23-1.67,P<0.01),whereas no significant difference was observed in studies with a mean age>60 years.Prospective and larger sample size studies(n>250)demonstrated a heightened likelihood of ADIM associated with elevated DD levels(effect size:2.57,95%CI:1.30-5.08,P<0.01 vs effect size:1.05,95%CI:1.00-1.11,P=0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows elevated DD increases in-hospital mortality risk in AD patients,highlighting the need for larger,prospective studies to improve risk prediction models.

Associations of serum D-dimer and glycosylated hemoglobin levels with third-trimester fetal growth restriction in gestational diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is a special type of diabetes that commonly occurs in women during pregnancy and involves impaired glucose tolerance and abnormal glucose metabolism;GDM is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy and can affect fetal growth and development.AIM To investigate the associations of serum D-dimer(D-D)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels with third-trimester fetal growth restriction(FGR)in GDM patients.METHODS The clinical data of 164 pregnant women who were diagnosed with GDM and delivered at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 2021 to January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.Among these women,63 whose fetuses had FGR were included in the FGR group,and 101 women whose fetuses had normal body weights were included in the normal body weight group(normal group).Fasting venous blood samples were collected from the elbow at 28-30 wk gestation and 1-3 d before delivery to measure serum D-D and HbA1c levels for comparative analysis.The diagnostic value of serum D-D and HbA1c levels for FGR was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic analysis,and the influencing factors of third-trimester FGR in GDM patients were analyzed by logistic regression.RESULTS Serum fasting blood glucose,fasting insulin,D-D and HbA1c levels were significantly greater in the FGR group than in the normal group,while the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance values were lower(P<0.05).Regarding the diagnosis of FGR based on serum D-D and HbA1c levels,the areas under the curves(AUCs)were 0.826 and 0.848,the cutoff values were 3.04 mg/L and 5.80%,the sensitivities were 81.0%and 79.4%,and the specificities were 88.1%and 87.1%,respectively.The AUC of serum D-D plus HbA1c levels for diagnosing FGR was 0.928,and the sensitivity and specificity were 84.1%and 91.1%,respectively.High D-D and HbA1c levels were risk factors for third-trimester FGR in GDM patients(P<0.05).CONCLUSION D-D and HbA1c levels can indicate the occurrence of FGR in GDM patients in the third trimester of pregnancy to some extent,and their combination can be used as an important index for the early prediction of FGR.

D-Dimer: Predictor of Postpartum Hemorrhage among Pre-Eclampsia at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre

Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is the major contributor to maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide as well as in Tanzania. Studies have shown Pre-eclampsia as a risk indicator for Postpartum hemorrhage and D-dimer tends to rise in women with pre-eclampsia. Few studies that have shown the association between D-dimer and PPH have been controversial and differ according to ethnicity and lifestyle. Hence there is no suitable reference interval for D-dimer in predicting Postpartum hemorrhage among women with pre-eclampsia. Broad Objective: This study aimed to assess the association, sensitivity, and specificity of D-dimer as a laboratory predictor of postpartum hemorrhage among women with pre-eclampsia at KCMC hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study conducted at KCMC Hospital in Northern Tanzania from September 2022 to March 2023. A total of 195 women with pre-eclampsia were included in this study. Plasma D-dimer levels were taken from women with pre-eclampsia pre-delivery. Haematocrit was compared before and after delivery, and a fall of 10% was considered as Postpartum hemorrhage together with clinical assessment of the patient. Participants were divided among those who had severe features and those who did not have severe features and were further categorized into those who had PPH and those who did not have PPH. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between D-dimer and PPH adjusting for other factors. The Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value. Results: Higher median D-dimer levels were seen among women who had PPH compared to those who had no PPH. D-dimer was seen to be associated with PPH, thus for every unit increase of µg/ml of D-dimer among women who had pre-eclampsia without severe features there was a 14% significant increase in the odds of having postpartum hemorrhage and a 45% significant increase of having postpartum hemorrhage among those who had pre-eclampsia with severe features. Furthermore, the cut-off point of a D-dimer level of 0.66 µg/ml significantly predicts postpartum hemorrhage with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 55%. For those who had no severe features the cut-off point was 0.53 µg/ml with a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 53%, and for those who had severe features the cut-off point was 3.58 µg/ml with a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 96%. Conclusion: D-dimer can be used to predict postpartum hemorrhage among pre-eclampsia, especially among those who have severe features. This shows that D-dimer has specificity in predicting PPH in women with pre-eclampsia and can be applied in clinical services to save women from maternal morbidity and mortality. Blood products such as fresh frozen plasma, platelets, and whole blood together with tranexamic acid should be readily available in women with pre-eclampsia especially those with severe features with a D-dimer level of 3.58 µg/ml and above during delivery as they are at high risk of developing PPH.

Correlation Analysis Between Changes of D-Dimer Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated with Interstitial Lung Disease

Objective:To explore the correlation between the change of D-dimer level and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease.Methods:From January 2022 to February 2024,20 rheumatoid arthritis patients complicated with interstitial lung disease(interstitial lung disease group),20 rheumatoid arthritis patients without interstitial lung disease(without interstitial lung disease group),and 20 healthy people(control group)in Xijing Hospital were selected for this study.The fasting venous blood of the three groups of subjects was collected and their D-dimer,C-reactive protein(CRP),rheumatoid factor(RF),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)were detected.Subsequently,the correlation between each index and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease was analyzed.Results:The D-dimer level of the interstitial lung disease group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The D-dimer level of the group without interstitial lung disease was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).CRP levels in the interstitial lung disease group and the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The ESR and RF levels of the interstitial lung disease group were significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The levels of ESR and RF levels of the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:D-dimer levels of rheumatoid arthritis patients are higher than those of healthy individuals,and those complicated with interstitial lung disease present even higher levels.This finding shows that there is a correlation between D-dimer levels and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease,which may facilitate the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease.

PCT、IL-6与D-Dimer、TAT联合检测评估患者细菌感染程度和发生血栓风险的研究

探讨PCT、IL-6与D-Dimer、TAT联合检测在评估患者细菌感染程度和发生血栓风险的临床应用价值。方法 收集和选用无血栓背景的肺部细菌感染患者样本55例、脓毒血症患者样本66例、无细菌感染的样本10例,总样本量共131例。采用化学发光法(CLIA)检测患者血浆中PCT、IL-6与D-Dimer、TAT的表达水平,比较4中血浆标志物的表达差异。结果 PCT和IL-6联合检测在细菌感染的诊断价值高于PCT和IL-6单项指标的检测价值。D-Dimer和TAT联合检测在血栓形成风险的诊断价值高于D-Dimer和TAT单项指标的检测价值。结论 细菌感染的严重程度与血栓形成的风险呈正相关;采用PCT、IL-6与 D-Dimer、TAT四项联合检测,能同时评估患者细菌感染程度和发生血栓的风险,避免患者因细菌感染而发生血栓,对机体造成更大的伤害,起到早期预警、早期干预、早期治疗的作用。

Utility of D-dimer in total joint arthroplasty

As the number of patients receiving total joint replacements continues to rise,considerable attention has been directed towards the early detection and prevention of postoperative complications.While D-dimer has long been studied as a diagnostic tool in venous thromboembolism(VTE),this assay has recently received considerable attention in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection(PJI).D-dimer values are substantially elevated in the acute postoperative period after total joint arthroplasty,with levels often exceeding the standard institutional cutoff for VTE(500µg/L).The utility of D-dimer in detecting VTE after total joint replacement is currently limited,and more research to assess its value in the setting of contemporary prophylaxis protocols is warranted.Recent literature supports D-dimer as a good to excellent biomarker for the diagnosis of chronic PJI,especially when using serum sample technique.Providers should exercise caution when interpreting D-dimer levels in patients with inflammatory and hypercoagulability disorders,as the diagnostic value is decreased.The updated 2018 Musculoskeletal Infection Society criteria,which includes D-dimer levels>860µg/L as a minor criterion,may be the most accurate for diagnosing chronic PJI to date.Larger prospective trials with transparent lab testing protocols are needed to establish best assay practices and optimal cutoff values for D-dimer in the diagnosis of PJI.This review summarizes the most current literature on the value of D-dimer in total joint arthroplasty and elucidates areas for future progress.

凝血功能四项、FDP及D-Dimer检测在产后出血诊断中的应用分析

目的分析产后出血诊断中凝血功能四项、D-Dimer、FDP检测的应用。方法将100例于本院分娩产妇依据产后出血发生情况分为发生组和未发生组两组各50例,对所有产妇的TT、PT、APTT、FIB等凝血功能四项水平进行测定并分析,对D-dime、FDP水平进行测定并分析。结果分娩后,发生组的PT、APTT均长于未发生组(P<0.05),FIB水平低于未发生组(P<0.05)。分娩前后发生组的D-Dimer、FDP水平均高于未发生组(P<0.05)。分娩前后发生组的凝血功能四项、D-Dimer、FDP检测正常率均低于未发生组(P<0.05),异常率均高于未发生组(P<0.05)。结论产后出血诊断中凝血功能四项、D-Dimer、FDP检测的应用价值高。

D-Dimer对原发膜性肾病患者预后评价的研究

探讨D-Dimer对原发膜性肾病患者预后评价。方法 收集2022年3月~2023年3月于我院肾内科住院接受肾活检的明确原发性膜性肾病患者50例作为研究对象,观察其年龄(Age)、性别(Sex)、D-二聚体(D-Dimer)、24小时尿蛋白定量(24hUTP)、尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(ACR)、尿红细胞数(RBC)、纤维蛋白原降解产物(FDP)等数据,并选择正常体检者50例作为对照组,收集上述数据进行对比。经免疫治疗后对观察组患者进行预后随访(包括磷脂酶A2受体抗体(PLA2RAb)、D-Dimer、24hUTP、ACR、RBC、FDP等),进行统计分析。结果 与观察组比较,对照组D-Dimer、24hUTP、ACR、RBC、FDP水平较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗后比较,治疗前观察组血清PLA2RAb表达、D-Dimer、24hUTP、ACR、RBC、FDP水平较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 D-Dimer水平检测有助于原发膜性肾病的诊断,具有检测成本低、方便快速等更好的应用价值。

血栓前状态标志物F1+2、TAT、AT-Ⅲ、D-Dimer对早期复发性流产的预测价值

【目的】探讨血栓前状态分子标志物:凝血酶原片段F1+2(F1+2)、凝血酶-抗凝血酶Ⅲ复合物(TAT)、抗凝血酶Ⅲ(AT-Ⅲ)、D-二聚体(D-Dimer)与早期复发性流产(RSA)的关系,及各分子标志物对血栓前状态(PTS)引起的RSA的诊断价值。【方法】比较103例RSA已孕者(AEP组)、103例有RSA病史现未孕者(ANP组)及40例正常早孕者(NEP组)及40例健康未孕者(NNP组)血清中F1+2、TAT、AT-Ⅲ、D-Dimer水平;并以ROC曲线方法判断PTS引起的RSA发生时以上各个指标的最佳临界值。【结果】1.ANP组血浆F1+2、D-Dimer水平显著高于NNP组,两者间差异有显著性(P<0.008);而且流产3次者较2次者指标水平高,差别有统计学意义(P<0.0167)。F1+2与D-Dimer判断RSA未孕患者存在血栓前状态的最佳筛查界值分别为55.11nmol/L(AUC=0.767)及233.50μg/L(AUC=0.636)。2.ANP组血浆TAT水平高于NNP组,AT-Ⅲ水平低于NNP组,但其差别无统计学意义(P>0.008)。AEP组血浆F1+2、TAT、D-Dimer水平高于NEP组,AT-Ⅲ水平低于NEP组,但其差别无统计学意义(P>0.008)。【结论】RSA与PTS存在相关性;RSA患者在孕前已经表现为PTS,PTS的标志物F1+2、D-Dimer可用于RSA未孕人群流产原因的筛查,其水平越高,流产可能性越大。

D-dimer、C反应蛋白和脑钠肽在肺栓塞患者的临床诊断价值及灵敏度、特异度和准确度对比研究

目的探讨D-Dimer、C-反应蛋白和脑钠肽在肺栓塞患者的临床诊断价值以及灵敏度、特异度和准确度对比研究。方法随机选取2013年5月~2014年5月间收治的大面积肺栓塞患者45例,小面积肺栓塞患者45例,并选取同期体检的健康者45例作为对照组。检测并比较治疗前后各组血浆D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平。采用Logistic分析患者血浆D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平与肺栓塞发生的相关性。以肺栓塞检验金标准(肺动脉造影)分别与D-dimer检验、CRP检验和BNP检验法做配对卡方检验,计算Ddimer检验、CRP检验和BNP检验3种检测方法的灵敏度、特异度和准确度,并比较其差异。结果治疗前,大面积组和小面积组肺栓塞D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);大面积组D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平也明显高于小面积组(P<0.05)。治疗后,大面积组和小面积患者血浆D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平明显下降(P<0.05),且与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义。Logistic分析结果表明,血浆D-Dimer、CRP和BNP水平与肺栓塞的发生呈正相关性(r=3.11,P<0.05;r=4.36,P<0.05;r=2.86,P<0.05)。D-Dimer检测、CRP检测和BNP检测方法在检测灵敏度、特异度和准确度方面差异无统计学意义。结论 D-dimer、C-反应蛋白和脑钠肽水平与肺栓塞的发生呈正相关性,是评估患者病情的重要指标,具有十分重要临床指导价值。

东菱克栓酶对脑梗塞患者血浆 t-PA、D-dimer 的调节及临床意义

随机将４７例脑梗塞患者分成二组，分别采用东菱克栓酶（ＤＦ－５２１）及低分子右旋糖酐丹参（低右组）治疗，并同时观察疗效及检测治疗前后血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（ｔ－ＰＡ）、Ｄ－二聚体（Ｄ－ｄｉｍｅｒ）值。结果表明，急性脑梗塞治疗前血浆中ｔ－ＰＡ明显低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），Ｄ－ｄｉｍｅｒ明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）；治疗后ｔ－ＰＡ较治疗前增加，以ＤＦ－５２１组为明显（Ｐ＜０．００５，低右组Ｐ＞０．０５）。用药后二组Ｄ－ｄｉｍｅｒ相比较有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ｔ－ＰＡ相比也有差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ＤＦ－５２１组治疗脑梗塞有效率明显优于低右组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示：早期使用ＤＦ－５２１能增加纤溶酶活性，促进血栓溶解，加速神经功能恢复。

急性心肌梗死患者血浆cTnI、NT-proBNP、及D-dimer检测的临床价值

急性心肌梗死（AMI）是常见的发病急、发展迅速、危险的心血管疾病,具有较高的死亡率。对于AMI的诊断,特别是隐匿性的AMI,血浆中特异性的心肌标志物cTnI、NT-proBNP及D-dimer的异常变化,是十分重要的依据[1],对该病的早期诊断、治疗及其预后判定起到了及其重要的作用。

D-dimer与纤维蛋白原比值在静脉血栓栓塞诊断中的应用价值

目的探讨D-dimer、纤维蛋白原(Fg)、D-dimer与Fg比值(D/F)以及C反应蛋白(CRP)在静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)中的临床诊断价值。方法对民航总医院就诊的221例急诊与住院疑似VTE患者D-dimer、Fg及CRP进行检测,并计算D/F,采用胸部CT、病理诊断等对疑似患者明确诊断。结果 VTE人群的Fg水平低于非VTE人群(t=6.421,P<0.01),而D-dimer、D/F、CRP均显著增高;在VTE诊断灵敏度达到100%时,D/F特异度与阳性预测值(PPV)(73.2%,56.4%)优于使用单独使用D-dimer(47.0%,39.6%);ROC曲线分析表明上述指标在VTE诊断中的准确性顺序为D/F>D-dimer>CRP。结论采用D/F可提高VTE临床诊断的特异性,可作为一项有益的指标应用于VTE辅助诊断。

联合应用D-dimer和血气分析对胸闷患者诊断肺栓塞的价值

目的:研究联合应用D-二聚体(D-dimer)和血气分析对胸闷和(或)不典型胸痛患者诊断肺栓塞的价值。方法:对因胸闷和(或)不典型胸痛入院患者常规急诊行D-dimer、血气分析、心肌酶、心电图(ECG)等快速检查。对于血D-dimer≥500μg/L和血PO_2<80mmHg,且排除急性心肌梗死和急性左心衰竭患者行胸部CT检查。结果:入选患者75例[男48例、女27例;平均年龄为(63±12岁]。D-dimer≥500μg/L和PO_2<80mmHg患者为25例。经胸部CT证实肺栓塞为8例(32％);诊断冠心病7例(28％);慢性支气管炎4例(16％);心脏神经官能症5例(20％);房性心律失常1例(4％)。在8例肺栓塞患者中,大块肺栓塞2例。ECG表现S_1Q_3T_31例(12.5％);TV_(1～4)倒置2例(25％),STV_(1～4)段压低2例(25％),右束支阻滞1例(12.5％),ECG正常2例(25％)。1例大块肺栓塞患者发生猝死。7例出院。随访3～8个月,无不良事件。2例患者偶尔有胸闷感。结论:常规联合检测D-dimer和血气分析有助于对胸闷或不典型胸痛患者进行肺栓塞的诊断和鉴别诊断。

超声波对急性脑梗死患者血浆t-PA、PAI-1和D-dimer含量和预后的影响及卫生经济学评价

目的探讨超声波对急性脑梗死患者的纤溶系统指标t-PA(组织纤溶酶原激活物)、PAI-1(血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1)、D-dimer(D-二聚体)及患者预后的影响,并进行卫生经济学评价,为制定出经济有效的、符合我国国情的康复治疗方法提供临床依据。方法共选取发病72h内入院的急性脑梗死患者120例,随机分为超声波治疗组(治疗组)及常规治疗组(对照组),各60例;另外同期选取88例正常健康者纳入健康人组。两组患者均接受神经内科常规药物治疗,治疗组同时给予超声波治疗。所有患者在入院时及治疗3周后进行血浆t-PA、PAI-1、D-dimer的检测及美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分。随访1年,将死亡及再发缺血性血管病记录为终点事件,对两组患者进行生存分析。采用成本-效果分析进行卫生经济学评价。结果经3周治疗后,发现治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05);比较两组患者生存曲线发现,治疗组终点事件发生率(11.7%)明显低于对照组(31.7%),差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。两组患者入院时t-PA水平低于健康人组(P<0.05),PAI-1、D-dimer水平高于健康人组(P<0.05),3周后两组t-PA水平较入院时升高(P<0.05);PAI-1、D-dimer较入院时降低(P<0.05),且治疗组变化幅度较对照组显著(P<0.05)。治疗组患者NIHSS评分每减少1分,需花费人民币1013.5元;而对照组花费1712.2元。结论超声波治疗能上调t-PA及下调PAI-1、D-dimer,对脑梗死患者的疗效及预后具有显著改善作用,而且更为经济。

血浆D-dimer在预测及评估恶性黑色素瘤转移中临床应用分析

目的通过构建恶性黑色素瘤动物血行转移模型,发现出现血行转移时血浆D-dimer明显升高,通过检测恶性黑色素瘤患者血液标本D-dimer、FIB等相关指标以及结合病理影像学结果比较其诊断效率,评估D-dimer诊断恶性黑色素瘤血行转移的临床价值。方法首先选取常见的高侵袭性恶性黑色素瘤细胞系B16/F10构建小鼠肺转移模型,尾静脉注射2周后,观察肺转移情况并检测血浆D-dimer的水平变化。回顾性分析了2009年1月至2019年1月就诊于西安交通大学第一附属医院的78例恶性黑色素瘤患者的血液标本和病理资料。结果B16/F10实验组小鼠血浆D-dimer[(1.04±0.15)mg/L]明显高于PBS对照组[(0.56±0.11)mg/L,(P<0.001)],解剖小鼠后可以很明显在实验组观察到肺转移灶。进一步回顾性分析78例恶性黑色素瘤患者,其中25例转移患者的血浆D-dimer的中位水平为1.0 mg/L,高于未转移患者的0.5 mg/L(P<0.001);此外,采用D-dimer诊断远处转移的ROC曲线下面积为0.831、95%可信区间为0.726~0.936,具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论D-dimer作为一种无创、廉价、快速的检测方法,可以作为预测恶性黑色素瘤血样转移的重要指标。本研究为其在恶性黑色素瘤血行转移及常规筛查方面的应用提供了依据。

头穴脉冲磁针对脑梗塞患者血浆t-PA、PAI-Ⅰ活性、D-dimer含量的影响

目的 运用自制的脉冲磁针治疗仪作用于头穴 ,治疗急性脑梗塞病人并探讨其治疗疾病的机理。方法 设立脉冲磁针组 30例 ,同时设立常规针刺组、静磁针组各 30例做对照组。测定 3组治疗前后血浆中组织型纤溶酶原激活物 (t- PA)、组织型纤溶酶原激活物抑制物 (PAI- )、D-二聚体 (D- dimer)的含量。结果与结论 脉冲磁针组与常规针刺组比较无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,两组与静磁针组比较均有显著差异 (P<0 .0 1)